CN111957202A - Denitration system suitable for biomass boiler - Google Patents
Denitration system suitable for biomass boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN111957202A CN111957202A CN202010848834.3A CN202010848834A CN111957202A CN 111957202 A CN111957202 A CN 111957202A CN 202010848834 A CN202010848834 A CN 202010848834A CN 111957202 A CN111957202 A CN 111957202A
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a denitration system suitable for a biomass boiler, which comprises: the automatic feeding system, the catalytic reaction system and the combined spray gun automatic control system; a plurality of discharge ports of the automatic feeding system are connected to a denitration catalyst chamber in the catalytic reaction system, an outlet main pipe of the denitration catalyst chamber in the catalytic reaction system is connected with a spray gun in the automatic control system of the combined spray gun, and the automatic control system of the spray gun is arranged inside the hearth. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the automatic feeding system is adopted, so that the manual intervention is reduced, the labor cost is saved, and the operation efficiency is improved; the invention adopts the automatic control system of the combined spray gun, and ensures the reaction efficiency under different working conditions; the invention has low investment cost of initial equipment, which is less than 1/2 of the traditional denitration technology, low operation and maintenance cost in the middle and later periods, low urea supply which is the main variable cost, low urea market price and easy storage; the advantages of SCR and SNCR technologies are combined, short plates are avoided, the denitration efficiency is high, and the cost performance is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the electric power industry, and particularly relates to a denitration system suitable for a biomass boiler.
Background
In the 21 st century, the demand of human society for energy is rapidly rising, and is limited by the total amount of traditional non-renewable energy sources such as petroleum, coal, natural gas and the like, various industries are dedicated to the development and utilization of new energy sources, and biomass energy attracts wide attention as a renewable and cheap novel environment-friendly energy source. The consumption of biomass as fuel accounts for 14% of the total energy consumption in the world, and plays an important role in the power industry, and the removal and control of pollutants in the tail gas of a biomass boiler after combustion also become important. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen are main combustion elements of biomass fuel, so a high-efficiency and low-consumption means device is needed for removing Nitrogen Oxides (NO) in flue gasX)。
Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) are the current established denitration methods in the industry. The existing SCR denitration process flow is as follows: ammonia gas (urea pyrolysis and urea hydrolysis) is prepared by an ammonia gas preparation system, is uniformly mixed with dilution air, is sprayed into each area of a flue through an ammonia spraying grid, and is injected with high-temperature flue gas. Flue gas uniformly distributed through the flow deflectors and the flow equalizing plate enters the catalyst layer to be subjected to denitration reaction to generate nitrogen and water, and the reacted clean flue gas enters the downstream air preheater. The technology introduces an ammonia gas preparation system, an ammonia-air mixing system and an ammonia spraying control system, so that the denitration efficiency is considerable, but the denitration cost of the biomass boiler is increased.
The SCR technology is mature and reliable, has the advantages of small floor area, easy operation, easy control and the like, and can be used for treating boiler flue gas NOXThe control effect is very obvious, the denitration efficiency reaches 80 percent or more, the method is the only control measure which is put into commercial application in large scale and can meet the increasingly severe environmental protection requirement in the world at present, and the method is used for controlling NO in the coal-fired power plant in ChinaXOne of the mainstream means of contamination. The SNCR technology does not need to use a catalyst, has low operation cost, short construction period and great economic advantage, directly uses urea in the reaction process, and also avoids SO2With SO3The transformation problem of (2). However, the denitration efficiency of the SNCR method is only 40-70%, and the SNCR method is relatively suitable for the existing small and medium-sized power plant transformation projects due to the reaction mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a denitration system suitable for a biomass boiler.
This kind of deNOx systems suitable for biomass boiler includes: the automatic feeding system, the catalytic reaction system and the combined spray gun automatic control system; a plurality of discharge ports of the automatic feeding system are connected to a denitration catalyst chamber in the catalytic reaction system, an outlet main pipe of the denitration catalyst chamber in the catalytic reaction system is connected with a spray gun in the automatic control system of the combined spray gun, and the automatic control system of the spray gun is arranged in the hearth;
the automatic feeding system is provided with three urea storage tanks, namely a urea storage tank, a standby storage tank A and a standby storage tank B; electric valves are arranged at the feed inlet and the discharge outlet of the urea storage tank, the standby storage tank A and the standby storage tank B, and variable frequency spiral blanking machines are arranged at the tail parts of the storage tanks; electrically operated valves at the feed inlets of the urea storage tank, the standby storage tank A and the standby storage tank B are electrically connected with an automatic feeding device, and the automatic feeding device is connected with a central control system; the urea storage tank, the standby storage tank A and the standby storage tank B are all provided with a high-level indicator at the upper part of the storage tanks, and are all provided with a low-level indicator at the lower part of the storage tanks; the discharge ports of the standby storage tank A and the standby storage tank B are both connected to the feed port of the urea storage tank; the urea storage tank, the standby storage tank A and the standby storage tank B are all communicated with an air compressor;
a denitration catalyst chamber is arranged in the catalytic reaction system, the inlet of the denitration catalyst chamber is connected with the electric valves of the discharge ports of the urea storage tank, the standby storage tank A and the standby storage tank B, the inlet of the denitration catalyst chamber is also connected with the air duct of the fan, and the air duct of the fan is provided with a pressure gauge;
the combined spray gun automatic control system is characterized in that spray guns are sequentially arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the boiler from top to bottom at a plurality of heights, a plurality of spray guns are horizontally arranged at the same height according to the size of the boiler, all the spray guns at each height are a group of spray guns, an electric valve is arranged in front of each spray gun, and the electric valves are electrically connected with the central control system.
Preferably, the adjacent heights in the heights on the front wall and the rear wall of the boiler are spaced by 1-2 meters, and the spraying range of all the spray guns horizontally arranged on the heights covers the whole hearth.
Preferably, the furnace outlet flue is connected with an air preheater.
The working method of the denitration system suitable for the biomass boiler comprises the following steps:
step 1, feeding urea particles into a denitration catalyst chamber through the force of a fan;
step 1.1, when the unit normally operates, only opening an electric valve at a discharge port of a urea storage tank, and conveying urea particles in the urea storage tank to a denitration catalyst chamber by a variable-frequency spiral blanking machine at the tail part of the urea storage tank;
step 1.2, along with the consumption of urea particles, when the amount of the urea particles in the urea storage tank is reduced to a certain degree, triggering a low-level indicator to alarm; if urea particles exist in the standby storage tank A, supplying urea from the standby storage tank A; if the urea particles in the standby storage tank A are completely consumed, closing the electric valve at the discharge port of the standby storage tank A, and supplying urea from the standby storage tank B;
step 1.3, the air compressor regularly uses compressed air to sweep the inner walls of the bottoms of the urea storage tank, the standby storage tank A and the standby storage tank B, so that dry urea particles are prevented from being wetted and hardened and the input of raw materials is prevented from being influenced;
step 2, catalyzing urea particles by a denitration catalyst chamber;
3.1, when the furnace runs at full power generation load, the center position of the flame of the hearth is highest, the central control system opens the high-level spray gun and closes front valves of the spray guns at other heights;
3.2, when the high power generation load runs, the center position of the flame of the hearth moves downwards, and the central control system opens the high-position spray gun and the middle-position spray gun;
3.3, opening the corresponding height of the spray gun by the central control system to gradually move downwards along with the reduction of the power generation load;
and 3.4, when the power generation load is only lifted in a small range, the central control system controls the amount of urea particles entering each spray gun from the outlet main pipe of the denitration catalyst chamber by finely adjusting the opening of the opened front electric valve of the spray gun, so that the highest denitration efficiency under the current total urea supply amount is achieved, and fine control is realized.
Preferably, in step 1.2: the way of supplying urea to the spare storage tank A is as follows: the central control system controls to open the electric valve at the discharge port of the spare storage tank A, delay to close the electric valve at the discharge port of the urea storage tank, open the electric valve at the feed port of the urea storage tank at the same time, and the automatic feeding device supplements urea particles until the high-level indicator gives an alarm, and stops feeding; the way of supplying urea to the spare storage tank B is as follows: and opening the electric valve at the discharge port of the standby storage tank B, closing the electric valve at the discharge port of the urea storage tank in a delayed manner, opening the electric valve at the feed port of the urea storage tank, replenishing urea particles by the automatic feeding device, and stopping feeding by the automatic feeding device until the high-level charge level indicator gives an alarm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the technology of direct injection in the urea particles and the denitration catalyst furnace to remove NO in the boiler tail flue gas generated by the combustion of the biomass boilerXThe secondary pollution is reduced in the production process, and the equipment cost is reduced; the automatic feeding system is adopted, so that the manual intervention is reduced, the labor cost is saved, and the operation efficiency is improved; the invention adopts the automatic control system of the combined spray gun, and automatically adjusts the spray gun to the optimal spray gun combination scheme under different working conditions, thereby ensuring the reaction efficiency; the invention has low investment cost of initial equipment, which is less than 1/2 of the traditional denitration technology, low operation and maintenance cost of middle and later periods, low urea supply amount which is the main variable cost, low urea market price and easy storage. Secondary pollution products such as wastewater, solid waste and the like are not generated after denitration, and SO in the tail flue gas of the boiler is reduced2. The system combines the advantages of SCR and SNCR technologies, avoids short plates, and has high denitration efficiency and high cost performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a denitration system suitable for a biomass boiler.
Description of reference numerals: the device comprises an automatic feeding system 1, a combined spray gun automatic control system 2, a catalytic reaction system 3, an automatic feeding device 4, a high-level indicator 5, a low-level indicator 6, a urea storage tank 7, a standby storage tank A8, an air compressor 9, a hearth 10, a denitration catalyst chamber 11, a pressure gauge 12, a fan 13, an electric valve 14 and a standby storage tank B15.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the principle of the invention, and these modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
The invention adopts the technology of direct injection in the urea particles and the denitration catalyst furnace, the urea over-denitration catalyst is injected into a hearth, the high-temperature environment is pyrolyzed to generate ammonia gas, and the ammonia gas and NO in the flue gasXThe reaction is carried out to generate clean gas nitrogen and water, thus realizing NOXAnd (4) removing. The process flow is simple and clear, the smoke and air system of the whole boiler is not influenced, the resistance is low, the heat power loss is low, an SCR module or an SNCR device is not needed, an additional induced draft fan is not needed, and the power consumption is low. The catalyst is nontoxic and harmless, no wastewater is generated in the denitration reaction, and the ash slag discharged from the bottom of the dust remover can be used for making bricks, so that the cost is saved.
According to the invention, an automatic feeding system is adopted, when the material level of the urea storage tank is reduced to a certain height, a low-level material level meter gives an alarm, the system automatically closes an electric valve at a discharge port, and meanwhile, a standby storage tank is started, so that the gear breaking of reaction raw materials is avoided; when the feeding device supplies urea particles to a certain height from a feeding hole above the storage tank, the high-level indicator gives an alarm, and the system automatically closes the feeding device and the feeding door. The storage tank switching and the feeding are automatic in the whole process, and manual intervention is not needed.
The invention adopts a combined spray gun automatic control system, the optimum temperature range for the reaction of ammonia and nitrogen oxide is 800-. Under different combustion conditions, the system automatically adjusts the spray gun to the optimal spraying scheme through the switch valve, so that the denitration efficiency is ensured not to be reduced.
The central control system realizes the flexible adjustment of the spray gun combination by automatically opening and closing the electric valves in front of each group of spray guns according to the change of working conditions such as power generation load and the like. When the system runs at full load, the center position of the flame of the hearth is highest, the system automatically opens the high-level spray gun and closes the front valves of the spray guns at other heights; when the high-load operation is carried out, the central position of the flame of the hearth moves downwards, and the system automatically opens the high-middle spray gun; similarly, the height of the spray gun is continuously adjusted downwards along with the reduction of the load. When the load only rises and falls within a small range, the system controls the urea amount entering each path of spray gun from the main pipe by finely adjusting the opening degree of the valve of the thrown spray gun, so that the highest denitration efficiency under the current total urea supply amount is achieved, and fine control is realized.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the denitration system suitable for the biomass boiler includes: the automatic feeding system 1, the catalytic reaction system 3 and the combined spray gun automatic control system 2; a plurality of discharge ports of the automatic feeding system 1 are connected to a denitration catalyst chamber 11 in the catalytic reaction system 3, an outlet main pipe of the denitration catalyst chamber 11 in the catalytic reaction system 3 is connected with a spray gun in the combined spray gun automatic control system 2, the spray gun automatic control system 2 is arranged in a hearth 10, and an outlet flue of the hearth 10 is connected with an air preheater;
the automatic feeding system 1 is provided with three urea storage tanks, namely a urea storage tank 7, a spare storage tank A8 and a spare storage tank B15; the feed inlets and the discharge outlets of the urea storage tank 7, the standby storage tank A8 and the standby storage tank B15 are all provided with electric valves 14, and the tail of each storage tank is provided with a variable-frequency spiral blanking machine; the electric valves 14 at the feed inlets of the urea storage tank 7, the standby storage tank A8 and the standby storage tank B15 are all electrically connected with the automatic feeding device 4, and the automatic feeding device 4 is connected with a central control system; the urea storage tank 7, the standby storage tank A8 and the standby storage tank B15 are all provided with a high level indicator 5 at the upper part of the storage tank, and are all provided with a low level indicator 6 at the lower part of the storage tank; the discharge ports of the spare storage tank A8 and the spare storage tank B15 are both connected to the feed port of the urea storage tank 7; the urea storage tank 7, the standby storage tank A8 and the standby storage tank B15 are all communicated with the air compressor 9; a denitration catalyst chamber 11 is arranged in the catalytic reaction system 3, an inlet of the denitration catalyst chamber 11 is connected with the urea storage tank 7, the standby storage tank A8 and the discharge port electric valve 14 of the standby storage tank B15, an inlet of the denitration catalyst chamber 11 is also connected with an air duct of a fan 13, and a pressure gauge 12 is arranged on the air duct of the fan 13; the automatic control system 2 of the combined spray gun is provided with spray guns in sequence at a plurality of heights from top to bottom on the front wall and the rear wall of the boiler, a plurality of spray guns are horizontally arranged at the same height according to the size of the boiler, and all the spray guns at each height form a group of spray guns; adjacent heights in a plurality of heights on the front wall and the rear wall of the boiler are spaced by 1-2 meters, and the spraying ranges of all the spray guns horizontally arranged on the heights cover the whole hearth; an electric valve 14 is arranged in front of each spray gun, and the electric valves 14 are electrically connected with a central control system.
Example 2:
working method of denitration system applicable to biomass boiler and applied to certain biomass generator set, and raw flue gas NOXAbout 300mg/Nm3Concentration, NOx after treatment was about 40mg/Nm3Concentration, removal efficiency 86.7%. The unit is configured as a 60t/h circulating fluidized bed biomass direct-fired boiler +15MW times high-temperature and sub-high-pressure condensing turbine generator set, and the total smoke amount is about 170000m3/h。
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a deNOx systems suitable for biomass boiler which characterized in that includes: the automatic feeding system (1), the catalytic reaction system (3) and the automatic control system (2) of the combined spray gun; a plurality of discharge ports of the automatic feeding system (1) are connected to a denitration catalyst chamber (11) in the catalytic reaction system (3), an outlet main pipe of the denitration catalyst chamber (11) in the catalytic reaction system (3) is connected with a spray gun in the combined spray gun automatic control system (2), and the spray gun automatic control system (2) is arranged in the hearth (10);
a urea storage tank (7), a standby storage tank A (8) and a standby storage tank B (15) are arranged in the automatic feeding system (1); electric valves (14) are arranged at the feed inlets and the discharge outlets of the urea storage tank (7), the standby storage tank A (8) and the standby storage tank B (15), and variable-frequency spiral blanking machines are arranged at the tail parts of the storage tanks; electrically operated valves (14) at the feed inlets of the urea storage tank (7), the standby storage tank A (8) and the standby storage tank B (15) are electrically connected with the automatic feeding device (4), and the automatic feeding device (4) is connected with a central control system; the urea storage tank (7), the standby storage tank A (8) and the standby storage tank B (15) are all provided with a high-level indicator (5) at the upper part of the storage tanks and are all provided with a low-level indicator (6) at the lower part of the storage tanks; the discharge ports of the standby storage tank A (8) and the standby storage tank B (15) are connected to the feed port of the urea storage tank (7); the urea storage tank (7), the standby storage tank A (8) and the standby storage tank B (15) are all communicated with an air compressor (9);
a denitration catalyst chamber (11) is arranged in the catalytic reaction system (3), the inlet of the denitration catalyst chamber (11) is connected with the electric valve (14) at the discharge holes of the urea storage tank (7), the standby storage tank A (8) and the standby storage tank B (15), the inlet of the denitration catalyst chamber (11) is also connected with the air duct of the fan (13), and the air duct of the fan (13) is provided with a pressure gauge (12);
the combined spray gun automatic control system (2) is characterized in that spray guns are sequentially arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of the boiler from top to bottom at a plurality of heights, a plurality of spray guns are horizontally arranged at the same height according to the size of the boiler, all the spray guns at each height are a group of spray guns, an electric valve (14) is arranged in front of each spray gun, and the electric valves (14) are electrically connected with a central control system.
2. The denitration system suitable for the biomass boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: adjacent heights in a plurality of heights on the front wall and the rear wall of the boiler are spaced by 1-2 meters, and the spraying ranges of all the spray guns horizontally arranged on the heights cover the whole hearth.
3. The denitration system suitable for the biomass boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: and an outlet flue of the hearth (10) is connected with an air preheater.
4. The operating method of the denitration system for the biomass boiler according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, feeding urea particles into a denitration catalyst chamber (11) through the force of a fan (13);
step 1.1, when the unit normally operates, only opening an electric valve (14) at a discharge port of a urea storage tank (7), and conveying urea particles in the urea storage tank (7) to a denitration catalyst chamber (11) by a variable-frequency spiral blanking machine at the tail part of the urea storage tank (7);
step 1.2, along with the consumption of urea particles, when the amount of the urea particles in a urea storage tank (7) is reduced to a certain degree, triggering a low-level indicator (6) to alarm; if urea particles exist in the spare storage tank A (8), the urea is supplied from the spare storage tank A (8); if the urea particles in the standby storage tank A (8) are completely consumed, closing an electric valve (14) at a discharge hole of the standby storage tank A (8) and supplying urea from a standby storage tank B (15);
step 1.3, blowing the inner walls of the bottoms of the urea storage tank (7), the standby storage tank A (8) and the standby storage tank B (15) by using compressed air regularly through an air compressor (9);
step 2, catalyzing urea particles by a denitration catalyst chamber (11);
step 3, spraying the urea particles after catalytic treatment into a boiler hearth (10) through a spray gun for pyrolysis to release NH3，NH3With NO in the flue gasXReact to generate N2And H2O; when the combustion condition of the unit changes, the electric valves (14) in front of the spray guns of each group are opened or closed through the central control system according to the change of the working condition:
3.1, when the furnace runs at full power generation load, the flame center of the hearth (10) is highest, the central control system opens the high-level spray gun and closes front valves (14) of the spray guns with other heights;
3.2, when the high power generation load runs, the flame center of the hearth (10) moves downwards, and the central control system opens the high-level spray gun and the middle-level spray gun;
3.3, opening the corresponding height of the spray gun by the central control system to gradually move downwards along with the reduction of the power generation load;
and 3.4, when the power generation load is only lifted in a small range, the central control system controls the amount of urea particles entering each spray gun from the outlet main pipe of the denitration catalyst chamber (11) by finely adjusting the opening of the opened spray gun front electric valve (14).
5. The operating method of the denitration system of the biomass boiler according to claim 4, wherein in the step 1.2:
the manner of supplying urea to the reserve tank a (8) is: the central control system controls to open an electric valve (14) at a discharge port of a standby storage tank A (8), delay to close the electric valve (14) at the discharge port of a urea storage tank (7), open an electric valve (14) at a feed port of the urea storage tank (7), supplement urea particles by the automatic feeding device (4), and stop feeding by the automatic feeding device (4) until the high-level indicator (5) gives an alarm;
the manner of supplying urea to the reserve tank B (15) is: and (3) opening an electric valve (14) at a discharge hole of the standby storage tank B (15), closing the electric valve (14) at the discharge hole of the urea storage tank (7) in a delayed manner, simultaneously opening an electric valve (14) at a feed hole of the urea storage tank (7), replenishing urea particles by the automatic feeding device (4), and stopping feeding by the automatic feeding device (4) until the high-level indicator (5) gives an alarm.
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| CN204543994U (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-08-12 | 长沙宏福环保技术有限公司 | Coal-powder boiler denitrification apparatus |
| CN105032183A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-11 | 北京宜泽环保科技有限责任公司 | Urea solution-based SCR smoke denitration treatment system and method |
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