CN101915419A - Biomass gasified gas re-burning mode and system for coal-fired fluidized bed - Google Patents
Biomass gasified gas re-burning mode and system for coal-fired fluidized bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN101915419A CN101915419A CN 201010217761 CN201010217761A CN101915419A CN 101915419 A CN101915419 A CN 101915419A CN 201010217761 CN201010217761 CN 201010217761 CN 201010217761 A CN201010217761 A CN 201010217761A CN 101915419 A CN101915419 A CN 101915419A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of N2O emission reduction in a coal-fired fluidized bed, and particularly relates to a biomass gasified gas re-burning mode and a biomass gasified gas re-burning system for a coal-fired fluidized bed. The wall of a fluidized bed boiler is provided with a plurality of biomass gasified gas nozzles, biomass gasified gas is introduced into a hearth of the fluidized bed boiler, and the biomass gasified gas is reacted with N2O-containing smoke generated by burning of coal dust in the hearth to realize multi-stage re-burning so as to improve the burning efficiency of the whole fluidized bed and reduce the emission of N2O. Compared with pyrolysis and direct burning, the biomass gas rich in combustible substances such as H2, CH4, CO and the like has low ash content and extremely low sulfur content, has no sulfur removal problem, is ideal re-burning fuel and can effectively reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides by using mixed burning of the biomass gasified gas and the coal dust; and because of low alkali metal and chlorine content in the gasified gas, problems of slag formation and corrosion can be avoided, utilization of the coal dust is not affected and efficient clean utilization of the biomass can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal-fired fluidized bed reduction N
2O draining technology field, particularly a kind of coal-fired fluidized bed middle biomass gasified gas re-burning mode and system can be used for coal dust and biomass gasified gas mixed combustion, reduce N
2The O discharging.
Background technology
The recirculating fluidized bed generation technology is swift and violent in China's development in recent years, and the recirculating fluidized bed of 300MW grade (CFB) power station has many operations, compares CFBB NO with the conventional pulverized-coal stove
xAnd SO
xConcentration of emission is low, but another kind of pollutant N
2The concentration of emission of O is generally 39～589mg/Nm
3, sometimes even reach 786mg/Nm
3, far above traditional coal-powder boiler N
2The O discharging is less than 20mg/Nm
3Level.N
2O is commonly called as laughing gas, and as one of six kinds of greenhouse gases stipulating in the Kyoto Protocol, the harm that its discharging produces mainly shows stronger greenhouse effects and two aspects of depletion of the ozone layer.The N that annual mankind's activity produces
2O accounts for the annual whole world and generates 31% of total amount, wherein the N of mankind's activity generation
2Burning from fossil fuel is arranged more than 80%, the N that causes by mankind's activity among the O
2The O annual emissions is just with about 0.25% speed increase every year on average.N in the atmosphere
2The concentration of the O 285ppbv before the industrial revolution is increased to present 310ppbv, and increases with annual 0.2～0.3% speed.N
2O can the absorbent core wavelength be the LONG WAVE INFRARED radiation of 7.78 μ m, 8.56 μ m and 16.98 μ m, and its contribution to greenhouse effects is CH
42.5 times, etc. molar concentration N
2The potentiality that heats of O is CO
2150 times, the influence of terrestrial radiation is about CO
210～15%, can reach 120 years in the troposphere time of staying, be transferred in the stratosphere and can be converted into NO, and then cause the destruction of ozone layer, N
2The hazard ratio NO of O is more serious.Therefore when utilizing the circulating fluidized bed combustion coal technological merit, take corresponding technical measures to reduce N
2The discharging of O.
Usually reduce fire coal circulating fluid bed boiler N
2The method of O discharging has:
1. adopt catalyst can reduce N
2The O decomposition activation energy, all poly-metal deoxides are to N
2O has certain decomposition, but owing to contain a large amount of dust in the fluid bed flue gas, as adopting catalyst reduction N
2O might stop up or damage catalyst.
2. change combustion conditions is as adopting sectional combustion, classification air intake, excess air coefficient, bed temperature, fuel performance, the bed time of staying etc.
3. burst pulse corona discharge, the burst pulse corona discharge can generate a lot of atoms and atomic group, as NO
+, O
+,
Deng, the interaction between these atoms, atomic group, the gas may influence N
2The generation of O and decomposition.And its N
2Relevant under the condition that is reflected at the burst pulse corona discharge that O decomposes with frequency, voltage and the duration of discharge.
4. biomass molding fuel is directly fed in the stove and coal dust mixed combustion, because alkali metal salt that biomass combustion produces and phosphate cpd can cause corrosion and coking to the fluid bed internal structure.
5. feed combustible gas (as methane) and improve flue-gas temperature reduction N
2O is simple method, but needs special-purpose gas pipeline, restricted by combustion gas grade and economy, and its application is affected.
Patent 2501564 has disclosed a kind of device with denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass.This device mainly comprise gasification furnace, coal-powder boiler and between connection, the gasification furnace intake stack is communicated with the coal-powder boiler back-end ductwork, the gasification furnace wind pipe is communicated with the burner hearth of coal-powder boiler.This device is mainly used in the NO of coal-powder boiler
XReduce discharging, and be not suitable in the recirculating fluidized bed.
Patent 1963299 has disclosed utilizes coal dust and living beings to mix combustion reduction NO again
XThe method and the steam generator system of discharging.It is characterized in that the reburning zone is divided into one-level reburning zone and secondary reburning zone, send into coal dust to the one-level reburning zone, with living beings after super-dry, grinding preliminary treatment to secondary reburning zone spray feed; Mainly finish pulverized coal pyrolysis and coke generative process in the one-level reburning zone, in the secondary reburning zone, realize NO
XReduction reaction utilizes anoxia condition to like fugitive constituent burning and coke to CO and the catalytic reduction effect that NO reacts, and further reduces the NO of generation in the primary zone
X, reach the purpose of low emission.This installs direct biomass burning, can produce problems such as coking, corrosion.
Patent 101021316 has disclosed directly combustion and out of stock method and the device of smoke gas recirculating technology again of living beings.This device also is directly to utilize recombustion of biomass, the same problems such as obstruction, coking corrosion that exist.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at pollutant N fire coal circulating fluid bed in the prior art
2The O discharge capacity provides a kind of coal-fired fluidized bed middle biomass gasified gas re-burning mode far above common coal-burning boiler.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: feed biomass gasified gas in the burner hearth of fluidized-bed combustion boiler, and guarantee that fluidized bed combustion chamber is in 800～980 ℃ state of temperature; Coal dust firing produces in this biomass gasified gas and the burner hearth contains N
2The O flue gas reacts, and realizes multistage combustion again, improves the efficiency of combustion of whole fluid bed on the one hand, improves N on the other hand
2The emission reduction efficiency of O.
Described biomass gasified gas is the fuel gas that biomass fuel produces by pyrolysis or gasification mode.
Described fuel gas comprises H
2, CH
4, CO and C
nH
m
The coal-fired heat that produces accounts for 85～99% in the described burner hearth, and the caloric value of biomass gasified gas accounts for 1～15%.
The flow velocity that described biomass gasified gas sprays into burner hearth is 30～70m/s, and temperature is 100～700 ℃.
The present invention also provides a kind of coal-fired fluidized bed middle biomass gasified gas re-burning system, and its structure comprises: air compartment, and the fluidized-bed combustion boiler of air compartment top, the fluid bed boiler furnace bottom is provided with air distribution plate, and the air that enters boiler can evenly be distributed; The feeder that is connected with the boiler feed mouth is by the conveying feed of screw(-type) feeder or apron feeder realization pulverized coal particle; The cyclone separator that is connected with the boiler exhaust mouth, and the material return system that between cyclone separator and boiler feedback outlet, is connected by standpipe; Longshore current fluidized bed boiler height is arranged 1～12 burner nozzle on the furnace wall, and at fluid bed burner hearth top a plurality of afterburning air ports is set; Between the burner nozzle of described fluidized-bed combustion boiler furnace wall and afterburning air port, a plurality of biomass gasified gas spouts are set, and arrange 1 biomass gasified gas spout at the cyclone inlet place.
Described biomass gasified gas spout is along the uniform layered arrangement of furnace height, totally 1～4 layer, arrange four biomass gasified gas spouts for every layer, every layer of biomass gasified gas spout all arranged by the mode of quadrangle tangential circle, make the interior flue gas of boiler be rotated burning, strengthen and mix; Air distribution plate 1.5～the 3m of undermost biomass gasified gas jet opening distance fluidized-bed combustion boiler bottom.
Described burner is arranged four burner nozzles for every layer along the uniform layered arrangement of furnace height, and every layer of burner nozzle all arranged by the mode of quadrangle tangential circle.
Described afterburning air port is arranged four afterburning air ports for every layer along the uniform layered arrangement of furnace height, and every layer of afterburning air port all arranged by the mode of quadrangle tangential circle.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: difficult broken because living beings are different, and mix before firing with directly mixed combustion and can cause problems such as Bunker obstruction; Alkali metal and chlorinity are higher in the biomass fuel, and direct and coal dust causes slagging scorification and corrosion easily when furnace high-temperature burns, and may influence the utilization that mixes the combustion ash, also might influence the service life of follow-up denitrating system catalyst.And the invention provides a kind of coal-fired fluidized bed in the biomass gasified gas re-burning system, be living beings to be handled produce biomass gasified gas and send into coal-fired fluidized bed furnace combustion zone again and carry out reductive NO
XA kind of combustion system.Utilize biomass gasified gas and coal dust mixed combustion, compare with directly burning, be rich in H with pyrolysis
2, CH
4Low with the biogas content of ashes of combustibles such as CO, sulfur content is extremely low, does not have desulphurization problem, is desirable reburning fuel, can effectively lower the discharging of nitrogen oxide; Because alkali metal and chlorinity are lower in the gasification gas, can avoid slagging scorification and etching problem, and can not influence utilization of coal ash, can realize the high-efficiency cleaning utilization of living beings.This technology can be with near the living beings such as agriculture and forestry organic waste material the power plant at power plant's gasification, and combustion, has not only utilized the energy in the living beings but also has reduced nitrogen oxide emission, flue gas disposal cost, and realized the utilization again of agriculture and forestry organic waste material matter.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Number in the figure:
The 1-air compartment, 2-fluidized-bed combustion boiler, 3-feeder, 4-burner nozzle, 5-biomass gasified gas spout, 6-afterburning air port, 7-cyclone separator, 8-material return system.
The specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of coal-fired fluidized bed in biomass gasified gas re-burning mode and system, the present invention will be further described below by description of drawings and the specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the arranged beneath air compartment 1 of fluidized-bed combustion boiler 2, fluidized-bed combustion boiler 2 lower furnace portion are provided with air distribution plate, and the air that enters boiler can evenly be distributed; Feeder 3 is connected with the boiler feed mouth, realizes the conveying feed of pulverized coal particle by screw(-type) feeder or apron feeder; Longshore current fluidized bed boiler 2 short transverses are arranged 1～12 burner nozzle 4 and 1～12 afterburning air port 6 on the furnace wall, and between burner nozzle 4 and afterburning air port 6, arrange 4～12 biomass gasified gas spouts 5, described burner nozzle 4, biomass gasified gas spout 5 and the 6 equal layerings of afterburning air port are arranged, every layer of mode by quadrangle tangential circle arranged, make the interior flue gas of boiler be rotated burning, strengthen and mix; Cyclone separator 7 is connected with the boiler exhaust mouth, and is connected by standpipe between cyclone separator 7 and boiler feedback outlet material return system 8 is set; Arrange 1 biomass gasified gas spout in cyclone separator 7 porch.
The biogas that the biomass gasified gas spout injects is that biomass fuel (farming, woods, herding discarded object and house refuse etc.) is by pyrolysis or gasification mode (air gasification, steam gasification, H
2Modes such as gasification and combined gasification) fuel gas that produces comprises H
2, CH
4, CO and C
nH
mBiomass gasified gas injects from biomass gasified gas spout 5, with the coal dust fuel that injects from fuel inlet 3 feeders, provide under the effect of air air quantity at burning wind air compartment 1, mixed combustion in fluidized-bed combustion boiler 2, in the combustion reaction process, fluidized bed combustion chamber is in 800～980 ℃ state of temperature.Burning produces flue gas and discharges from roof of the furnace and flow into cyclone separator 7, re-injects N in fuel gas and the combustion product gases at the biomass gasified gas spout 5 of cyclone separator 7 inlets
2O reacts.Under the effect of air-flow, the part solid fuel is brought into cyclone separator 7, and cyclone separator 7 is realized gas solid separation, and gas is discharged from cyclone separator 7 tops, solid flows to the material returning device 8 that is connected with fluidized-bed combustion boiler 2 from separator 7 bottom down-comers, realizes the material circulation.Consider the characteristic of actual cycle fluid bed, can inject other auxiliary reagents such as desulfurizing agent calcium oxide in this device fluidized bed combustion chamber simultaneously, guarantee NO in the combustion product
XAnd SO
XLow emission.
Embodiment 1:
Biomass gasified gas re-burning system in the 135MW CFBB.
In this embodiment, utilize the present invention to replace original combustion system, to reduce N
2The discharging of O.135MW CFBB, fuel low heat valve are 12435kJ/kg, and Fuel Consumption is 78230kg/h.200,000 tons of living beings of year consumption, 680 ℃ of living beings gasification temperature.In this embodiment, from air distribution plate up 3m to roof of the furnace, according to quadrangle tangential circle be furnished with 7 grades the burning spouts, wherein beneath 2 grades is burner nozzle, middle 3 grades of gasification substance gas blowout mouths of making a living feed biogas flow velocity 42m/s, and the top is the afterburning air port for 2 grades.
This boiler uses the biomass gasified gas re-burning system, and the calorific value of biogas accounts for 13.22% of gross calorific value, and it is 8.89% that biogas accounts for exhaust gas volumn, can reduce to consume 13.22% fire coal, makes N simultaneously
2The O removal efficiency reaches more than 99%.
Embodiment 2:
Biomass gasified gas re-burning system in the 300MW CFBB.
In this embodiment, by around burner hearth, increasing the biomass gasified gas spout, combustion system is transform as the combustion system of fuel staging biomass gasified gas re-burning.300MW CFBB, fuel low heat valve are 19887kJ/kg, and Fuel Consumption is 148600kg/h.200,000 tons of living beings of year consumption, 690 ℃ of living beings gasification temperature.In this embodiment, from air distribution plate up 2.5m to roof of the furnace, according to quadrangle tangential circle be furnished with 6 grades the burning spouts, be respectively 2 grades of burner nozzles, 2 grades of biomass gasified gas spouts, 2 grades of afterburning air ports, wherein the biogas flow velocity 40m/s of Tong Ruing.
This boiler uses the biomass gasified gas re-burning system, and the calorific value of biogas accounts for 4.35% of gross calorific value, and it is 2.8% that biogas accounts for exhaust gas volumn, can reduce to consume 4.35% fire coal, makes N simultaneously
2The O removal efficiency reaches more than 99%.
Claims (9)
1. a coal-fired fluidized bed middle biomass gasified gas re-burning mode is characterized in that, feeds biomass gasified gas in the burner hearth of fluidized-bed combustion boiler, and guarantees that fluidized bed combustion chamber is in 800～980 ℃ state of temperature; Coal dust firing produces in this biomass gasified gas and the burner hearth contains N
2The O flue gas reacts, and realizes multistage combustion again, improves the efficiency of combustion of whole fluid bed on the one hand, improves N on the other hand
2The emission reduction efficiency of O.
2. a kind of coal-fired fluidized bed middle biomass gasified gas re-burning mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that described biomass gasified gas is the fuel gas that biomass fuel produces by pyrolysis or gasification mode.
3. a kind of coal-fired fluidized bed middle biomass gasified gas re-burning mode according to claim 2 is characterized in that described fuel gas comprises H
2, CH
4, CO and C
nH
m
4. a kind of coal-fired fluidized bed middle biomass gasified gas re-burning mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that the coal-fired heat that produces accounts for 85～99% in the described burner hearth, and the caloric value of biomass gasified gas accounts for 1～15%.
5. a kind of coal-fired fluidized bed middle biomass gasified gas re-burning mode according to claim 1 is characterized in that the flow velocity that described biomass gasified gas sprays into burner hearth is 30～70m/s, and temperature is 100～700 ℃.
6. a coal-fired fluidized bed middle biomass gasified gas re-burning system is characterized in that longshore current fluidized bed boiler height is arranged 1～12 burner on the furnace wall, and at fluid bed burner hearth top a plurality of afterburning air ports is set; Between the burner nozzle of described fluidized-bed combustion boiler furnace wall and afterburning air port, a plurality of biomass gasified gas spouts are set, and arrange 1 biomass gasified gas spout at the cyclone inlet place.
7. coal-fired fluidized bed middle biomass gasified gas re-burning system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described biomass gasified gas spout is along the uniform layered arrangement of furnace height, totally 1～4 layer, arrange four biomass gasified gas spouts for every layer, every layer of biomass gasified gas spout all arranged by the mode of quadrangle tangential circle, make the interior flue gas of boiler be rotated burning, strengthen and mix; Air distribution plate 1.5～the 3m of undermost biomass gasified gas jet opening distance fluidized-bed combustion boiler bottom.
8. coal-fired fluidized bed middle biomass gasified gas re-burning system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described burner nozzle is along the uniform layered arrangement of furnace height, arrange four burner nozzles for every layer, every layer of burner nozzle all arranged by the mode of quadrangle tangential circle.
9. coal-fired fluidized bed middle biomass gasified gas re-burning system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described afterburning air port is along the uniform layered arrangement of furnace height, arrange four afterburning air ports for every layer, every layer of afterburning air port all arranged by the mode of quadrangle tangential circle.
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| CN102911741A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-02-06 | 东南大学 | Coal gasification device for circulating fluidized bed |
| CN105299629A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 广西桂晟新能源科技有限公司 | Boiler combustion method capable of reducing content of NOx in smoke |
| CN105299631A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 广西桂晟新能源科技有限公司 | Process for applying biomass gasified gases to coal-fired boiler |
| CN105299628A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 广西桂晟新能源科技有限公司 | Method for applying biomass gasified gases to coal-fired boiler |
| CN105299624A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 广西桂晟新能源科技有限公司 | Boiler combustion process for reducing content of NOx in smoke and boiler device |
| CN105299627A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 广西桂晟新能源科技有限公司 | Coal combustion process capable of reducing content of NOx in smoke |
| CN105299630A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 广西桂晟新能源科技有限公司 | Process for applying biomass gasified gases to coal burning process |
| CN105318324A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-10 | 广西桂晟新能源科技有限公司 | Application technology of biomass gasification gas in coal-fired boiler |
| CN105318322A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-10 | 广西桂晟新能源科技有限公司 | Coal combustion method and boiler device for reducing content of NOx in smoke |
| CN105318323A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-10 | 广西桂晟新能源科技有限公司 | Method for applying biomass gasification gas in coal combustion process |
| CN105318321A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-10 | 广西桂晟新能源科技有限公司 | Application method of biomass gasification gas in coal-fired boiler |
| CN105782958A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-20 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | Combustion equipment and combustion method |
| CN107312575A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-11-03 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | The circulating fluidized bed gasification device and gasification process of staged air distribution |
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| CN111780099A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-16 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Circulating fluidized bed combustion desulfurization method using coal gangue and biomass mixed combustion |
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| CN102911741A (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-02-06 | 东南大学 | Coal gasification device for circulating fluidized bed |
| CN102911741B (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2013-12-25 | 东南大学 | Coal gasification device for circulating fluidized bed |
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| CN105318321A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-10 | 广西桂晟新能源科技有限公司 | Application method of biomass gasification gas in coal-fired boiler |
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| CN105299630A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 广西桂晟新能源科技有限公司 | Process for applying biomass gasified gases to coal burning process |
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| CN105299631A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-03 | 广西桂晟新能源科技有限公司 | Process for applying biomass gasified gases to coal-fired boiler |
| CN105782958A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-20 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | Combustion equipment and combustion method |
| CN105782958B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2018-05-18 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | Combustion apparatus and combustion method |
| CN107312575A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-11-03 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | The circulating fluidized bed gasification device and gasification process of staged air distribution |
| CN107312575B (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2023-07-18 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Circulating fluidized bed gasification device with graded air distribution and gasification method |
| CN107828455A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-23 | 安徽上元新型家居材料有限公司 | A kind of sketch plate production and waste utilization production line |
| CN111780099A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-16 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Circulating fluidized bed combustion desulfurization method using coal gangue and biomass mixed combustion |
| CN111780099B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-10-25 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Circulating fluidized bed combustion desulfurization method using coal gangue and biomass mixed combustion |
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