CN111952373A - 一种具有高k介质沟槽栅的mosfet及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET及其制备方法,在栅氧化层内侧增加一层高K介质薄膜,所述高K介质薄膜的介电常数为栅氧化层的2‑3倍。本发明通过增加一层致密的高K介质薄膜,可有效降低栅源漏电,提高沟槽底部的耐压能力,优化器件电特性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于半导体器件领域,特别涉及一种MOSFET及其制备方法。
背景技术
图1是普通沟槽MOSFET产品的剖面图,通常用二氧化硅(SiO2)作为栅介质层,在热生长过程中,侧壁和底部氧化层厚度差异较大,尤其在沟槽拐角处厚度很薄,在反向偏置电场下,拐角处易提前被击穿,影响产品的耐压特性。同时,二氧化硅在生长过程中易存在缺陷,导致栅源(GS)漏电较大,尤其对于低阈值产品,需要采用更薄的氧化层,漏电会更明显。
发明内容
为了解决上述背景技术提到的技术问题,本发明提出了一种具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET及其制备方法。
为了实现上述技术目的,本发明的技术方案为:
一种具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET,在栅氧化层内侧增加一层高K介质薄膜,所述高K介质薄膜的介电常数为栅氧化层的2-3倍。
基于上述技术方案的优选方案,在高K介质薄膜的内侧增加一层栅氧化层,当所述高K介质薄膜采用氮化物时,形成氧化层-氮化层-氧化层的结构。
基于上述技术方案的优选方案,所述高K介质薄膜采用氮化硅或氧化铝。
一种具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制作衬底;
(2)在衬底上淀积一层SiO2,通过光刻、刻蚀形成沟槽结构,该沟槽的深度为0.6-2um,宽度为0.2-1.2um,倾斜角度为88-89度;
(3)在沟槽侧壁通过干法氧化形成一层厚度为500-2000埃的氧化层,氧化温度为1000-1100℃;通过湿法漂洗去除所有氧化层,修复沟槽刻蚀损伤,并使沟槽底部圆滑;
(4)在沟槽侧壁生长一层厚度为500-1200埃的氧化层,生长温度为950℃-1050℃,在该氧化层上再生长一层厚度为50-500埃的高K介质层,继续在高K介质层上生长一层厚度为100-300埃的氧化层;
(5)通过多晶沉积、光刻、刻蚀,形成多晶栅,多晶厚度为0.8-1.2um;
(6)在芯片表面注入硼元素,注入能量为60KEV~120Kev,高温退火形成P阱,退火条件为1100℃/60min;N+区光刻、注入、退火,注入元素为砷元素,注入能量为60KeV,退火条件为950℃/60min;
(7)在N+区上淀积一层厚度为8000-12000埃的氧化层作为介质层,通过孔光刻、刻蚀,形成接触孔;
(8)通过注入、退火,降低接触孔的接触电阻,注入的元素为B或BF2,注入的剂量为2E14-5E14,注入的能量为30-40KeV,退火条件为950℃/30s;在接触孔中淀积Ti或TiN层,并填充金属钨,形成欧姆接触孔;
(9)在P阱和介质层上淀积金属铝,通过刻蚀金属铝形成各功能区;
(10)沉积钝化层7000-12000埃,然后光刻腐蚀,形成Gate和Source的开口区;
(11)减薄衬底背面,并在衬底背面蒸镀Ti-Ni-Ag合金。
基于上述技术方案的优选方案,在步骤(1)中,衬底采用N型(100)晶向,并掺杂砷元素或磷元素。
基于上述技术方案的优选方案,在步骤(5)中,多晶的掺杂浓度为1E19-6E19,掺杂元素为磷。
基于上述技术方案的优选方案,在步骤(6)中,注入硼元素的剂量根据阈值电压确定;采用双注入提高P阱掺杂浓度的均匀性。
基于上述技术方案的优选方案,在步骤(7)中,沉积的氧化层中掺杂硼元素和磷元素。
基于上述技术方案的优选方案,在步骤(9)中,沉积的金属铝中掺杂SiCu。
基于上述技术方案的优选方案,在步骤(10)中,所述钝化层为氮化硅。
采用上述技术方案带来的有益效果:
本发明通过增加一层致密的高K介质薄膜,可有效降低栅源漏电,提高沟槽底部的耐压能力,优化器件电特性,若在高K介质薄膜上再增加一层栅氧化层,从而形成“ONO”结构,可进一步降低输入电容。此外,本发明与现有工艺平台兼容,工艺实现简单且工艺窗口足够。
附图说明
图1为普通沟槽MOSFET剖面图;
图2为具有高K介质槽栅的MOSFET剖面图;
图3为具有“ONO”结构槽栅的MOSFET剖面图;
图4为三种结构的掺杂浓度分布(Trench底部Y方向)图;
图5为三种结构的电场分布(Trench底部Y方向)图;
图6为高K介质厚度与输入电容(Ciss)的关系图;
图7为高K介质厚度与输出电容(Coss)的关系图;
图8为高K介质厚度与米勒电容(Crss)的关系图;
图9为高K介质厚度与雪崩电压(BVDSS)的关系图;
图10为高K介质厚度与单位面积电阻率(Rsp)的关系图;
图11为高K介质厚度与阈值电压(Vth)的关系图;
图12为不同高K介质厚度的电场分布(Trench底部Y方向)图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图,对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
本发明设计了一种具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET,如图2所示,在栅氧化层内侧增加一层高K介质薄膜,如氮化硅(Si3N4)或氧化铝(AL2O3)等,其介电常数是常规SiO2的2-3倍,更加致密且缺陷少,可有效改善栅源漏电,提高雪崩电压BVDSS。图3是一种具有“ONO”(氧化层-氮化层-氧化层)结构槽栅的MOSFET结构,在栅氧化层层内侧增加一层高K介质薄膜,再增加一层栅氧化层层,可进一步降低输入电容Ciss。
本发明还设计了基于上述具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET的制备方法,步骤如下:
步骤1、衬底材料准备:外延片的衬底采用N型(100)晶向,砷元素或磷元素掺杂,电阻率通常在0.001-0.05Ω.cm。选择不同的外延电阻率和厚度,可得到不同的器件耐压。通常外延厚度:3-15um,外延电阻率:0.1-3Ω.cm,器件耐压可以达到20V-200V。
步骤2、沟槽(Trench)刻蚀:圆片表面淀积一层SiO2,厚度为4000埃,膜厚可根据沟槽刻蚀形貌做微调。沟槽光刻、刻蚀形成沟槽结构,深度0.6-2um,沟槽宽度:0.2-1.2um,倾斜角度88-89度,便于后续栅多晶和栅介质层填充。
步骤3、氧化生长:在沟槽侧壁通过干法氧化形成一层厚度500-2000埃的氧化层,氧化温度1000-1100℃,湿法漂洗去除所有氧化层,修复Trench刻蚀损伤,并使Trench底部圆滑。
步骤4、栅氧生长:在沟槽侧壁生长一层厚度500-1200埃的氧化层,生长温度950℃-1050℃,再生长一层厚度50-500埃的高K介质层,如氮化硅(Si3N4)等(如图2),可继续在高K介质层上生长一层厚度100-300埃的氧化层,形成“ONO”结构(如图3)。
步骤5、多晶栅形成:多晶淀积、光刻、刻蚀,多晶厚度0.8-1.2um,多晶掺杂浓度1E19-6E19,掺杂元素:磷。
步骤6、P阱和N+区形成:在芯片表面注入B元素,能量60KEV~120Kev,剂量根据VTH参数的需求调整,通常在5E12-3E13左右,高温退火形成P阱,退火条件:1100℃/60min,也可以采用双注入提高P阱掺杂浓度的均匀性;N+区光刻、注入、退火,注入元素:As元素,能量60KeV,退火条件:950℃/60min。
步骤7、介质层淀积、孔刻蚀:淀积一层厚度8000-12000埃的氧化层,可在氧化层中掺入一定比例的B元素和P元素,吸收可动Na、K离子,提高器件可靠性。孔光刻、刻蚀,孔深度一般为0.3-0.45um。
步骤8、孔注入、填充:孔注入、退火,降低接触电阻,注入元素为BF2/B,剂量:2E14-5E14,能量:30-40KeV,快速退火:950℃30s;Ti/TiN层淀积和钨金属填充,形成欧姆接触孔。
步骤9、金属淀积、刻蚀:沉积厚度为4um金属铝,铝中可掺杂一定比例的SiCu,防止铝硅互溶,然后光刻腐蚀铝。
步骤10、钝化层沉积,钝化层光刻,腐蚀:沉积钝化层氮化硅7000-12000埃,然后光刻腐蚀,形成Gate和Source的开口区,可降低芯片表面可动离子引起的器件漏电。
步骤11、背面Ti-Ni-Ag:减薄圆片背面到150um左右,在背面蒸发Ti-Ni-Ag(钛-镍-银)。
图4、5分别为三种结构的掺杂浓度和电场分布曲线,其中结构1和结构2分别对应图2和图3的结构。距离沟槽(Trench)底部0.1um处沿Y方向做掺杂浓度分析。较常规结构,增加高K介质后,在其他工艺条件相同时,Trench底部的掺杂浓度明显减小,Trench底部的电场强度也明显低于常规结构。
图6、7、8为高K介质厚度与Ciss(输入电容)、Coss(输出电容)和Crss(米勒电容)对应关系图。其中,两种新结构的二氧化硅层的厚度相同,比常规结构(BL)的厚度薄100A。由仿真结果来看,Ciss、Coss和Crss均与高K介质厚度呈线性关系,厚度越厚,电容值越小,且增加高K介质后可明显降低Coss。较另一新结构,“ONO”结构的Ciss有明显降低。
图9、10、11为高K介质厚度与BVDSS(雪崩电压)、Rsp(单位面积电阻率)和Vth(阈值电压)对应关系图。相比常规结构,新结构的BV可增加2-4V,且随着高K介质厚度增加而增大,相应的,Trench底部的电场强度也随着厚度增加而降低(如图12),Rsp可降低15%以上且Vth变化较小。
实施例仅为说明本发明的技术思想,不能以此限定本发明的保护范围,凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想,在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动,均落入本发明保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET,其特征在于:在栅氧化层内侧增加一层高K介质薄膜,所述高K介质薄膜的介电常数为栅氧化层的2-3倍。
2.根据权利要求1所述具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET,其特征在于:在高K介质薄膜的内侧增加一层栅氧化层,当所述高K介质薄膜采用氮化物时,形成氧化层-氮化层-氧化层的结构。
3.根据权利要求1所述具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET,其特征在于:所述高K介质薄膜采用氮化硅或氧化铝。
4.一种具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)制作衬底;
(2)在衬底上淀积一层SiO2,通过光刻、刻蚀形成沟槽结构,该沟槽的深度为0.6-2um,宽度为0.2-1.2um,倾斜角度为88-89度;
(3)在沟槽侧壁通过干法氧化形成一层厚度为500-2000埃的氧化层,氧化温度为1000-1100℃;通过湿法漂洗去除所有氧化层,修复沟槽刻蚀损伤,并使沟槽底部圆滑;
(4)在沟槽侧壁生长一层厚度为500-1200埃的氧化层,生长温度为950℃-1050℃,在该氧化层上再生长一层厚度为50-500埃的高K介质层,继续在高K介质层上生长一层厚度为100-300埃的氧化层;
(5)通过多晶沉积、光刻、刻蚀,形成多晶栅,多晶厚度为0.8-1.2um;
(6)在芯片表面注入硼元素,注入能量为60KEV~120Kev,高温退火形成P阱,退火条件为1100℃/60min;N+区光刻、注入、退火,注入元素为砷元素,注入能量为60KeV,退火条件为950℃/60min;
(7)在N+区上淀积一层厚度为8000-12000埃的氧化层作为介质层,通过孔光刻、刻蚀,形成接触孔;
(8)通过注入、退火,降低接触孔的接触电阻,注入的元素为B或BF2,注入的剂量为2E14-5E14,注入的能量为30-40KeV,退火条件为950℃/30s;在接触孔中淀积Ti或TiN层,并填充金属钨,形成欧姆接触孔;
(9)在P阱和介质层上淀积金属铝,通过刻蚀金属铝形成各功能区;
(10)沉积钝化层7000-12000埃,然后光刻腐蚀,形成Gate和Source的开口区;
(11)减薄衬底背面,并在衬底背面蒸镀Ti-Ni-Ag合金。
5.根据权利要求4所述具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤(1)中,衬底采用N型(100)晶向,并掺杂砷元素或磷元素。
6.根据权利要求4所述具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤(5)中,多晶的掺杂浓度为1E19-6E19,掺杂元素为磷。
7.根据权利要求4所述具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤(6)中,注入硼元素的剂量根据阈值电压确定;采用双注入提高P阱掺杂浓度的均匀性。
8.根据权利要求4所述具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤(7)中,沉积的氧化层中掺杂硼元素和磷元素。
9.根据权利要求4所述具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤(9)中,沉积的金属铝中掺杂SiCu。
10.根据权利要求4所述具有高K介质沟槽栅的MOSFET制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤(10)中,所述钝化层为氮化硅。
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