CN111941973A - 一种抗撕裂透光复合膜、反光膜、其制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种抗撕裂透光复合膜、反光膜、其制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种抗撕裂透光复合膜，所述复合膜包括表层、中间层和内层，所述表层为改性PMMA树脂膜层，所述中间层为沙林树脂膜层，所述内层为PET树脂膜层，所述改性PMMA树脂包括80～85份PMMA树脂、5～8份ABS树脂、1～3份MBS树脂。本发明中的复合膜为多层结构设计，外层为改性PMMA树脂膜层，内层为PET树脂膜层，内层和外层通过沙林树脂膜层进行粘接固定，从而使本发明中的复合膜同时具有优异的光学性能、耐候耐老化性能、抗拉伸性能及抗撕裂性能。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种抗撕裂透光复合膜、反光膜、其制备方法及应用。
【背景技术】
反光膜是一种特殊的薄膜材料，已被广泛应用于安全防护领域。反光膜按结构可分为透镜埋入型反光膜、密封胶囊型反光膜和棱镜型反光膜三类。超工程级、工程级、经济级反光膜的结构为透镜埋入型反光膜，高强级反光膜的结构为密封胶囊型反光膜，钻石级反光膜的结构为棱镜型反光膜。钻石级反光膜与传统的工程级和高强度级反光膜比较，其反光性能不仅成倍增加，而且广角性能亦有很大提高，因而具有更广泛的应用。
棱镜型反光膜结构通常由面膜层、胶黏层、棱镜结构层和离型膜层构成，其中离型膜层在使用时会揭去，棱镜结构层和胶黏层均是由树脂涂层构成，厚度薄且不抗撕裂，因而棱镜型反光膜的抗撕裂性能主要由其表面的面膜层所决定。目前棱镜型反光膜要求具备优异的反光性能、耐候耐老化性能，PMMA树脂制得的面膜具有优异的光学性能、耐候耐老化性能、可印刷性能、喷绘性能，成为了制备反光膜面膜常用的材料，但PMMA膜还存在易脆裂、缺口敏感、强度和韧性差等缺陷，导致其制成的反光膜在使用过程中极容易撕裂。
【发明内容】
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种抗撕裂透光复合膜，所述复合膜包括表层、中间层和内层，所述表层为改性PMMA树脂膜层，所述中间层为沙林树脂膜层，所述内层为PET树脂膜层，所述改性PMMA树脂包括80～85份PMMA树脂、5～8份ABS树脂、1～3份MBS树脂。ABS树脂具备良好的抗冲击性、耐磨性、韧性等力学性能，且与PMMA树脂具有良好的相容性。本发明将ABS树脂与PMMA树脂进行共混，并通过MBS树脂协同增韧改性，在一定程度上提高了PMMA树脂膜的韧性，降低了其脆裂发生率。本发明中的复合膜表层为改性的PMMA树脂膜层，采用ABS树脂和MBS树脂共同对PMMA树脂进行共混改性，通过配方设计使改性后的PMMA树脂不仅具有优异的光学性能、耐候耐老化性能，还具有一定的韧性。复合膜的内层为PET树脂膜层，具有优异的光学性能、抗拉伸性能及抗撕裂性能。复合膜的内层和外层通过沙林树脂膜层进行粘接固定，从而使本发明中的复合膜同时具有优异的光学性能、耐候耐老化性能、抗拉伸性能及抗撕裂性能。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述复合膜的表层厚度：中间层厚度：内层厚度为8～10:1～1.2：5～6，通过上述厚度控制有利于平衡复合膜的耐候耐老化性能和抗撕裂性能，从而使复合膜具有更长的使用寿命。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述改性PMMA树脂还包括0.01～0.1份纳米TiO2。本发明可通过在表层PMMA树脂膜层中添加少量的纳米TiO2，因纳米TiO2能够有效的吸收紫外线，从而使本发明中的复合膜具有紫外线吸收性能。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述复合膜为三层共挤的一体成型结构。多层共挤工艺具有生产速度快，成本低，产量高等显著优点，且通过多层共挤得到的复合膜表观性能好，透明性高，光泽性好，不易分层，力学性能好，厚度均匀可控等显著优点，可显著提高复合膜的成品率和使用寿命。
本发明还公开一种反光膜，包括上述或下述的复合膜和反光底膜，所述复合膜通过背胶层粘附在反光底膜上。本发明将同时具有优异的光学性能、耐候耐老化性能、抗拉伸性能及抗撕裂性能的复合膜设置为反光膜的表层，可使本发明中的反光膜具有优异的光学性能、耐候耐老化性能、抗拉伸性能及抗撕裂性能。
在本发明的一些实施例中，将具有紫外线吸收特性的复合膜设置在反光膜的表层，能有效阻挡紫外线从复合膜层的通过，减少了紫外线对反光底膜的破坏，极大地提高了反光膜的抗紫外老化性能，延长了反光膜的使用寿命。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述反光底膜为带有棱镜结构的反光底膜。棱镜型反光膜具有更好的光学性能和广角性能，具有更广泛的应用。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述背胶层为丙烯酸酯压敏胶层。
本发明还公开一种反光膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：S1将预设配比的PMMA树脂、ABS树脂、MBS树脂投入捏合机中，混炼均匀后进行挤出造粒，得到改性PMMA树脂胶粒；S2将步骤S1中得到的改性PMMA树脂胶粒、沙林树脂胶粒与PET胶粒经三层共挤成型设备得到复合膜，所述复合膜包括内层、中间层和表层，所述内层为PET树脂膜层，所述中间层为沙林树脂膜层，所述表层为改性PMMA树脂膜层，所述表层厚度：中间层厚度：内层厚度为8～10:1～1.2：5～6；S3将丙烯酸酯均匀涂覆在复合膜的内层表面得到带有背胶层的复合膜，所述背胶层的厚度为3～6μm；S4将上述带有背胶层的复合膜与反光底膜进行压合粘接，即得到抗撕裂反光膜。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述复合膜的厚度为60～80μm。
在本发明的一些实施例中，按质量分数计，所述PMMA树脂：ABS树脂：MBS树脂为80～85：5～8：1～3。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述改性PMMA树脂还包括0.01～0.1份纳米TiO2。本发明可通过在表层PMMA树脂膜层中添加少量的锐钛矿型纳米TiO2，因纳米TiO2能够有效的吸收紫外线，从而使本发明中的复合膜具有紫外线吸收性能。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述反光底膜为带有棱镜结构的反光底膜。棱镜型反光膜具有更好的光学性能和广角性能，具有更广泛的应用。
本发明还公开一种上述或下述的反光膜在道路交通标志牌、交通工具反光标识、特殊作业服装、消防标识、铁路标识、矿山标志上的应用。
本发明提供一种抗撕裂透光复合膜，所述复合膜包括表层、中间层和内层，所述表层为改性PMMA树脂膜层，所述中间层为沙林树脂膜层，所述内层为PET树脂膜层，所述改性PMMA树脂包括80～85份PMMA树脂、5～8份ABS树脂、1～3份MBS树脂。本发明将ABS树脂与MBS树脂共同对PMMA树脂进行共混，在一定程度上提高了PMMA膜的韧性，降低其脆裂发生率。本发明中的复合膜为多层结构设计，表层为改性PMMA树脂膜层，通过配方设计使改性PMMA树脂膜层不仅具有优异的光学性能、耐候耐老化性能，还具有一定的韧性。复合膜的内层为PET树脂膜层，具有优异的光学性能、抗拉伸性能及抗撕裂性能。复合膜的内层和外层通过沙林树脂膜层进行粘接固定，从而使本发明中的复合膜同时具有优异的光学性能、耐候耐老化性能、抗拉伸性能及抗撕裂性能。
【附图说明】
图1一种反光膜结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
图1为本发明一种反光膜结构示意图，包括复合膜和反光底膜4，复合膜包括表层1、中间层2和内层3，所述表层1为改性PMMA树脂膜层，所述中间层2为沙林树脂膜层，所述内层3为PET树脂膜层。下面将结合实施例1至实施例5将对复合膜、反光膜的制备过程作进一步的说明。
实施例1
将PMMA树脂、ABS树脂原料置于鼓风干燥箱内80℃烘干120min。称取80份PMMA树脂、5份ABS树脂、1份MBS树脂、0.01份平均粒径为14nm锐钛矿型纳米TiO2填料投入至捏合机，混炼均匀后，经过挤出造粒，得到改性PMMA胶粒。
使用三层共挤出设备，分别将改性PMMA胶粒、沙林树脂胶粒与PET胶粒经三台共挤出机熔融后,分别从A、B、C三个进料口进入到模具内,而后经过各层的流道,形成不同料层,最后在模具内复合成多层膜,三层物料在熔融状态在模内经挤压复合,互相粘合形成个整体,最后经过流延机头的模唇挤出得到三层复合膜,再经过冷却辊冷却后成膜，获得所需厚度的透明复合薄膜。所得复合膜由表层1、中间层2、内层3三成组成，其中表层为PMMA膜层，中间层为沙林树脂形成的粘结层，内层为PET膜层，且各层膜厚度比为D(PMMA):D(Surlin):D(PET)＝8:1:5，所制备复合膜总厚度为80μm。
使用涂布机将丙烯酸酯压敏胶均匀涂抹至复合膜内层表面，涂膜厚度为3μm，形成带有背胶的三层复合膜保护膜。使用低温全自动覆膜机，将上述带有背胶的三层复合薄膜与带有棱镜结构反光膜底膜4复合在一起，即得一种耐撕裂反光膜成品，并对其进行抗撕裂性能、耐候性能与抗冲击性能测试，其测试结果见表1。
实施例2
将PMMA树脂、ABS树脂原料置于鼓风干燥箱内80℃烘干120min。称取83份PMMA树脂、6份ABS树脂、2份MBS增韧剂、0.05份平均粒径为14nm锐钛矿型纳米TiO2填料投入至捏合机，混炼均匀后，经过挤出造粒，得到改性PMMA胶粒。
使用三层共挤出设备，分别将改性PMMA胶粒、沙林树脂胶粒与PET胶粒经三台共挤出机熔融后,分别从A、B、C三个进料口进入到模具内,而后经过各层的流道,形成不同料层,最后在模具内复合成多层膜,三层物料在熔融状态在模内经挤压复合,互相粘合形成个整体,最后经过流延机头的模唇挤出得到三层复合膜,再经过冷却辊冷却后成膜，获得所需厚度的透明复合薄膜。所得复合膜由表层1、中间层2、内层3三成组成，其中表层为PMMA膜层，中间层为沙林树脂形成的粘结层，内层为PET膜层，且各层膜厚度比为D(PMMA):D(Surlin):D(PET)＝8:1.2:6，所制备复合膜总厚度为75μm。
使用涂布机将丙烯酸酯压敏胶均匀涂抹至复合膜内层表面，涂膜厚度为4μm，形成带有背胶的三层复合膜保护膜。使用低温全自动覆膜机，将上述带有背胶的三层复合薄膜与带有棱镜结构反光膜底膜4复合在一起，即得一种耐撕裂反光膜成品，并对其进行抗撕裂性能、耐候性能与抗冲击性能测试，其测试结果见表1。
实施例3
将PMMA树脂、ABS树脂原料置于鼓风干燥箱内80℃烘干120min。称取85份PMMA树脂、7份ABS树脂、3份MBS增韧剂、0.1份平均粒径为14nm锐钛矿型纳米TiO2填料投入至捏合机，混炼均匀后，经过挤出造粒，得到改性PMMA胶粒。
使用三层共挤出设备，分别将改性PMMA胶粒、沙林树脂胶粒与PET胶粒经三台共挤出机熔融后,分别从A、B、C三个进料口进入到模具内,而后经过各层的流道,形成不同料层,最后在模具内复合成多层膜,三层物料在熔融状态在模内经挤压复合,互相粘合形成个整体,最后经过流延机头的模唇挤出得到三层复合膜,再经过冷却辊冷却后成膜，获得所需厚度的透明复合薄膜。所得复合膜由表层1、中间层2、内层3三成组成，其中表层为PMMA膜层，中间层为沙林树脂形成的粘结层，内层为PET膜层，且各层膜厚度比为D(PMMA):D(Surlin):D(PET)＝10:1:5，所制备复合膜总厚度为70μm。
使用涂布机将丙烯酸酯压敏胶均匀涂抹至复合膜内层表面，涂膜厚度为5μm，形成带有背胶的三层复合膜保护膜。使用低温全自动覆膜机，将上述带有背胶的三层复合薄膜与带有棱镜结构反光膜底膜4复合在一起，即得一种耐撕裂反光膜成品，并对其进行抗撕裂性能、耐候性能与抗冲击性能测试，其测试结果见表1。
实施例4
将PMMA树脂、ABS树脂原料置于鼓风干燥箱内80℃烘干120min。称取80份PMMA树脂、8份ABS树脂、2份MBS增韧剂、0.01份平均粒径为14nm锐钛矿型纳米TiO2填料投入至捏合机，混炼均匀后，经过挤出造粒，得到改性PMMA胶粒。
使用三层共挤出设备，分别将改性PMMA胶粒、沙林树脂胶粒与PET胶粒经三台共挤出机熔融后,分别从A、B、C三个进料口进入到模具内,而后经过各层的流道,形成不同料层,最后在模具内复合成多层膜,三层物料在熔融状态在模内经挤压复合,互相粘合形成个整体,最后经过流延机头的模唇挤出得到三层复合膜,再经过冷却辊冷却后成膜，获得所需厚度的透明复合薄膜。所得复合膜由表层1、中间层2、内层3三成组成，其中表层为PMMA膜层，中间层为沙林树脂形成的粘结层，内层为PET膜层，且各层膜厚度比为D(PMMA):D(Surlin):D(PET)＝10:1.2:6，所制备复合膜总厚度为65μm。
使用涂布机将丙烯酸酯压敏胶均匀涂抹至复合膜内层表面，涂膜厚度为6μm，形成带有背胶的三层复合膜保护膜。使用低温全自动覆膜机，将上述带有背胶的三层复合薄膜与带有棱镜结构反光膜底膜4复合在一起，即得一种耐撕裂反光膜成品，并对其进行抗撕裂性能、耐候性能与抗冲击性能测试，其测试结果见表1。
实施例5
将PMMA树脂、ABS树脂原料置于鼓风干燥箱内80℃烘干120min。称取80份PMMA树脂、5份ABS树脂、1份MBS增韧剂投入至捏合机，混炼均匀后，经过挤出造粒，得到改性PMMA胶粒。
使用三层共挤出设备，分别将改性PMMA胶粒、沙林树脂胶粒与PET胶粒经三台共挤出机熔融后,分别从A、B、C三个进料口进入到模具内,而后经过各层的流道,形成不同料层,最后在模具内复合成多层膜,三层物料在熔融状态在模内经挤压复合,互相粘合形成个整体,最后经过流延机头的模唇挤出得到三层复合膜,再经过冷却辊冷却后成膜，获得所需厚度的透明复合薄膜。所得复合膜由表层1、中间层2、内层3三成组成，其中表层为PMMA膜层，中间层为沙林树脂形成的粘结层，内层为PET膜层，且各层膜厚度比为D(PMMA):D(Surlin):D(PET)＝8:1:5，所制备复合膜总厚度为60μm。
使用涂布机将丙烯酸酯压敏胶均匀涂抹至复合膜内层表面，涂膜厚度为3μm，形成带有背胶的三层复合膜保护膜。使用低温全自动覆膜机，将上述带有背胶的三层复合薄膜与带有棱镜结构反光膜底膜4复合在一起，即得一种耐撕裂反光膜成品，并对其进行抗撕裂性能、耐候性能与抗冲击性能测试，其测试结果见表1。
对比例1
黄山兴伟反光材料有限公司提供的PMMA反光膜。
将上述所得反光膜进行各项性能测试，其耐撕裂测试方法参考GBT16578.1-2008塑料薄膜和薄片耐撕裂性能的测定，测试结果以撕裂力(N)表示，抗冲击性能测与耐候性测试参考GBT 18833-2012道路交通反光膜中相应测试方法。
表1反光膜性能测试
在上述实施例中，仅对本发明进行了示范性描述，但是本领域技术人员在阅读本专利申请后可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下对本发明进行各种修改。
Claims (10)
1.一种抗撕裂透光复合膜，其特征在于，所述复合膜包括表层、中间层和内层，所述表层为改性PMMA树脂膜层，所述中间层为沙林树脂膜层，所述内层为PET树脂膜层，所述改性PMMA树脂包括80～85份PMMA树脂、5～8份ABS树脂、1～3份MBS树脂。
2.如权利要求1所述的复合膜，其特征在于，所述复合膜的表层厚度：中间层厚度：内层厚度为8～10:1～1.2：5～6。
3.如权利要求1所述的复合膜，其特征在于，所述改性PMMA树脂还包括0.01～0.1份纳米TiO2。
4.如权利要求1所述的复合膜，其特征在于，所述复合膜为三层共挤的一体成型结构。
5.一种反光膜，其特征在于，所述反光膜包括权利要求1-4任一项所述的复合膜和反光底膜，所述复合膜通过背胶层粘附在反光底膜上。
6.如权利要求5所述的反光膜，其特征在于，所述反光底膜为带有棱镜结构的反光底膜。
7.如权利要求5所述的反光膜，其特征在于，所述背胶层为丙烯酸酯压敏胶层。
8.一种反光膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：S1将预设配比的PMMA树脂、ABS树脂、MBS树脂投入至捏合机中，混炼均匀后进行挤出造粒，得到改性后的PMMA树脂胶粒；
S2将步骤S1中得到的改性PMMA树脂胶粒、沙林树脂胶粒与PET胶粒经三层共挤成型设备得到复合膜，所述复合膜包括内层、中间层和表层，所述内层为PET树脂膜层，所述中间层为沙林树脂膜层，所述表层为改性PMMA树脂膜层，所述表层厚度：中间层厚度：内层厚度为8～10:1～1.2：5～6；S3将丙烯酸酯均匀涂覆在复合膜的内层表面得到带有背胶层的复合膜，所述背胶层的厚度为3～6μm；
S4将上述带有背胶层的复合膜与反光底膜进行压合粘接，即得到抗撕裂反光膜。
9.如权利要求8所述的制备方法，其特征在于，按质量分数计，所述PMMA树脂：ABS树脂：MBS树脂为80～85：5～8：1～3。
10.如权利要求5至7任一项所述的反光膜在道路交通标志牌、交通工具反光标识、特殊作业服装、消防标识、铁路标识、矿山标志上的应用。
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| JPH03158234A (ja) * | 1989-11-15 | 1991-07-08 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 貴金属複合材の製造方法および絵文字付き貴金属複合板の製造方法 |
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| CN107974018A (zh) * | 2016-10-25 | 2018-05-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种高耐候pmma薄膜专用料及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN106751311A (zh) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-31 | 佛山市三水长丰塑胶有限公司 | Pmma改性薄膜及其生产方法 |
| CN109425919A (zh) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-05 | 曹心如 | 高强度pc反射膜 |
| CN109456719A (zh) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-03-12 | 3M创新有限公司 | 粘合剂组合物以及由其制造的反光膜 |
| CN107719943A (zh) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-23 | 廖洪传 | 一种用于包装材料的防刮伤透明薄膜及其制备方法 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114023217A (zh) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-08 | 浙江道明光电科技有限公司 | 一种激光打印用棱镜型反光膜及其制造方法 |
| CN114023217B (zh) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-09-22 | 浙江道明光电科技有限公司 | 一种激光打印用棱镜型反光膜及其制造方法 |
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