CN111934567A - Bridgeless double-Boost power factor correction rectifier for left-right alternate auxiliary commutation - Google Patents

Bridgeless double-Boost power factor correction rectifier for left-right alternate auxiliary commutation Download PDF

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CN111934567A
CN111934567A CN202010301612.XA CN202010301612A CN111934567A CN 111934567 A CN111934567 A CN 111934567A CN 202010301612 A CN202010301612 A CN 202010301612A CN 111934567 A CN111934567 A CN 111934567A
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current
auxiliary
commutation
time
main
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CN111934567B (en
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禹健
安永泉
郭凤琴
荆蕊蕊
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Shanxi University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

The invention discloses a bridgeless double-Boost power factor correction rectifier for left-right alternating auxiliary current conversion, which can realize ZVS (zero voltage switching) conduction of a main loop switch and an auxiliary loop switch. The full-control switch replaces a rectifier diode of a basic bridgeless circuit, and a main loop has two energy charging states. The auxiliary loop working alternately realizes the bidirectional reset of the exciting current, thereby reducing the volume of the magnetic core of the transformer. The secondary winding coupling of the transformer reduces the voltage stress of the auxiliary converter diode.

Description

Bridgeless double-Boost power factor correction rectifier for left-right alternate auxiliary commutation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronic current conversion, in particular to a bridgeless double-Boost power factor correction rectifier for left-right alternate auxiliary current conversion.
Background
Among many PFC circuits, Boost converters are widely used due to their simple structure, continuous input current, and strong uniformity of characteristics. The bridgeless Boost PFC reduces the conduction loss by reducing the number of semiconductor devices on a working circuit, and achieves the purpose of improving the efficiency (08003359: [8] - [21 ]). However, the problem of switching loss in the bridgeless PFC is prominent, and when the switching frequency is increased, the switching loss in the circuit is increased, and especially when the circuit operates in CCM, the reverse recovery current of the freewheeling diode increases the switching loss of the switching tube. In order to reduce the switching loss and dynamic switching stress and realize high switching frequency operation, the auxiliary resonant commutation ultra-soft switching topological structure does not influence the working mode of the original main loop and does not increase the switching stress, thereby gaining wide attention.
In 1990, R.De Doncker originally proposed a capacitance voltage division type auxiliary resonant pole topology, and the neutral point is gradually changed and replaced by an inductance voltage division type auxiliary resonant pole topology due to large volume. However, the inductance voltage division type auxiliary resonant pole topology has the problem of excitation current reset. The zero voltage conversion (ZVT) inverter (ZVT-2CI) realized based on the double-coupling inductor realizes the unidirectional reset of the exciting current, so that the transformer core of the auxiliary circuit is prevented from being saturated, and the direct current output current condition can work. However, three types of problems exist in the ZVT-2CI inverter family: 1) The switch ZCS of the auxiliary loop is switched on, only an IGBT device with smaller EOSS (equivalent output capacitor energy storage) can be used, and the conduction loss and EMI cannot be ignored; 2) the excitation current is reset in a single direction, so that the size of the magnetic core of the selected transformer is large, and two sets of auxiliary loops are needed to realize the auxiliary current conversion work of the main switch under the condition of bidirectional current output; 3) the auxiliary current conversion diode has no clamping measure, and the voltage stress and EMI are caused by overcharge and ringing. 4) In high-frequency application, under the condition of small duty ratio of a main loop, the commutation preparation time is insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the bridgeless double-Boost power factor correction rectifier with left-right alternating auxiliary commutation can realize ZVS (zero voltage switching) conduction of a main loop switch and an auxiliary loop switch. The full-control switch replaces a rectifier diode of a basic bridgeless circuit, and a main loop has two energy charging states. The auxiliary loop working alternately realizes the bidirectional reset of the exciting current, thereby reducing the volume of the magnetic core of the transformer. The secondary winding coupling of the transformer reduces the voltage stress of the auxiliary converter diode.
The invention provides a bridgeless double-Boost power factor correction rectifier for left-right alternate auxiliary commutationThe current transformer comprises a first main switch tube (S)1) A second main switch tube (S)2) And the third main switch tube (S)3) And the fourth main switch tube (S)4) Filter inductor (T)f1) Filter inductor (T)f2) AC power supply (V)AC) DC power supply (V)DC) Auxiliary power supply (V)AUX) A first commutation diode (D)N1) A second commutation diode (D)N2) And a third commutation diode (D)N3) And a fourth commutation diode (D)N4) Auxiliary converter transformer primary winding (T)1) A first winding (T) of the secondary side of the transformer2) And a secondary side second winding (T) of the auxiliary converter transformer3) And a third winding (T) of the secondary side of the transformer4) And a secondary fourth winding (T) of the auxiliary converter transformer5) Resonant inductor (L)r1) Resonant inductor (L)r2) A first auxiliary switch tube (S)a1) A second auxiliary switch tube (S)a2) And the third auxiliary switch tube (S)a3) And the fourth auxiliary switch tube (S)a4) The converter comprises a left converter auxiliary circuit, a leading bridge arm (AC-Lag) of the left converter auxiliary circuit, a lagging bridge arm (AC-Lead) of the left converter auxiliary circuit and an auxiliary converter transformer primary winding (N)1) Secondary winding (N)2) Secondary winding (N)3) Said first main switching tube (S)1) Source electrode, second main switch tube (S)2) The drain electrode of the main switch is connected with a point P to form a main switch left bridge arm; third main switch tube (S)3) Source electrode, fourth main switch tube (S)4) The drain electrode of the switch is connected with a point Q to form a main switch right bridge arm; filter inductance (T)f1) And one end of (V) and an alternating current power supply (V)AC) The other end of the L-shaped end is connected with the point P; filter inductance (T)f2) And one end of (V) and an alternating current power supply (V)AC) The other end of the N-shaped contact is connected with a point Q; first commutation diode (D)N1) And the first winding (T) of the secondary side of the transformer2) Is connected to the same name terminal of the first inverting diode (D)N2) And the secondary side second winding (T) of the auxiliary converter transformer3) The different name ends are connected; third commutation diode (D)N3) And the third winding (T) of the secondary side of the transformer4) Is connected with the different name end of the fourth commutation diode (D)N4) The cathode and the auxiliarySecondary fourth winding (T) of converter-assistant transformer5) The same name end of the terminal is connected; auxiliary converter transformer secondary first winding (T)2) End of different name, auxiliary converter transformer secondary side second winding (T)3) Is connected to the point O1, assists the secondary third winding (T) of the converter transformer4) End of different name, auxiliary converter transformer secondary side fourth winding (T)5) Is connected to point O2; first main switch tube (S)1) Drain electrode of (1), third main switching tube (S)3) The first commutation diode (D)N1) Negative pole of (D), third commutation diode (D)N3) And a DC power supply (V)DC) The positive electrodes are connected; second main switch tube (S)2) Source electrode of (1), fourth main switching tube (S)4) Source of (D), second commutation diode (D)N2) Positive electrode of (D), fourth commutation diode (D)N4) And a direct current power supply (V)DC) The negative electrodes are connected; resonance inductance (L)r1) One end of the main switch is connected with the midpoint P of the left bridge arm of the main switch, and the other end of the main switch is connected with O1; resonance inductance (L)r2) One end of the main switch is connected with a midpoint Q point of a right bridge arm of the main switch, and the other end of the main switch is connected with O2; first auxiliary switch tube (S)a1) And a second auxiliary switching tube (S)a2) The two switching tubes form an advanced bridge arm (AC-Lag) of the left commutation auxiliary circuit; third auxiliary switch tube (S)a3) Source electrode of (1) and fourth auxiliary switching tube (S)a4) The two switching tubes form a hysteresis bridge arm (AC-Lead) of the left commutation auxiliary circuit; first auxiliary switch tube (S)a1) And a third auxiliary switching tube (S)a3) Drain electrode of (2) and auxiliary power supply (V)AUX) Is connected with an auxiliary power supply (V)AUX) And a second auxiliary switch tube (S)a2) Source electrode of (1), fourth auxiliary switching tube (S)a4) The source electrodes of the two-way transistor are connected; primary winding (T) of auxiliary converter transformer1) The synonym end of the lead auxiliary switch bridge arm is connected with a point R of the middle point of the lead auxiliary switch bridge arm, and the synonym end of the lead auxiliary switch bridge arm is connected with a point W of the middle point of the lag auxiliary switch bridge arm; auxiliary converter transformer primary winding (N)1) Number of turns and secondary winding (N)2) The turn ratio of (A) is 1/n; auxiliary converter transformer primary winding (N)1) Number of turns and pairSide winding (N)3) The turns ratio of (1/n).
As a further improvement of the above solution, when the main circuit switch S1，S4Conduction, S2，S3The off state is called release state a; main loop switch S2，S3Conduction, S1，S4The off state is called release state B; main loop switch S2，S4Conduction, S1，S3The off state is called a charging state I; main loop switch S1，S3Conduction, S2，S4The off state is called a charging state II; a normal switching cycle including a release state A or a release state B, a charge state I or a charge state II; an extended switching period (I)+Or II+) Only comprises a charging state I or a charging state II, and the duration time of the charging state I or the charging state II is one switching cycle time; for an alternating voltage period, the half period of L plus N minus is called a positive half period; the half period of L minus N plus is called as a negative half period; the energy release state of the positive half period is only A, and the energy charging state I or II can be both; the energy release state of the negative half period is only B, and the energy charging state I or II can be both; a switching period after the zero crossing point of the current in the positive and negative (negative and positive) half-cycle conversion process is called a transition working period; the other working periods except the transition working period are called as normal working periods; in the normal working period, in a positive half period, controlling and arranging an odd number of switching periods, wherein AII switching periods and AII switching periods form a group, and repeating the cycle, wherein AII starts AII and ends AII; in the negative half period, odd switching periods are controlled and arranged, the BI switching period and the BI switching period form a group, the cycle is repeated, and the BI starts and ends; in the normal working period, in the process of converting current from the energy release state to the energy charging state, the auxiliary loop participates in the main loop switch current conversion to realize the zero-voltage switch current conversion, and there are four working processes which are respectively called as: a left upper commutation follow current (a → i), a right lower commutation follow current (a → i), B right upper commutation follow current (B → i), and B left lower commutation follow current (B → i); in the transition working period, the main loop switch commutation does not occur in one switching period, and the extended switching period (I) is presented+Or II+) Status.
As mentioned aboveFurther improvement of the protocol, in VACIn the positive half period of the positive pole and the negative pole of the L pole of the alternating current power supply, the auxiliary commutation process comprises a left commutation follow current (A → I) and a right commutation follow current (A → II), and the working flow and the switching time interval are as follows:
the calculation and derivation process of A left commutation follow current (A → I) is as follows:
when the L pole of the alternating current power supply is positive and the N pole of the alternating current power supply is negative, the working process and the switching time interval are as follows:
the circuit is in a steady state, S1、S4、Sa2、Sa4In the on state, S2、S3、Sa1、Sa3In an off state;
at time t0, turn off Sa4；
Sa4Delay after shutdown DA1Opening Sa3；
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000051
Opening Sa3After, delay DA2Turning off the main circuit switch S1；
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000052
Switch off the main circuit switch S1After that, delay, turn on S2；
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000053
S2Keep on for a time delay DA4Turn off Sa2
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000054
Off Sa2After, delay DA5Opening Sa1；
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000055
According to the SPWM control of the main loop, after delaying the required time, the S is turned off2；
Secondly, the calculation and derivation processes of the A right commutation follow current (A → II) are as follows:
VACwhen the L pole of the alternating current power supply is positive and the N pole of the alternating current power supply is negative, the working process and the switching time interval are as follows:
the circuit is in a steady state, S1、S4、Sa1、Sa3In the on state, S2、S3、Sa2、Sa4In an off state;
at time t0, turn off Sa3；
Sa3Delayed after switch-off, switched-on Sa4；
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000061
Opening Sa4After, delay DA2Turning off the main circuit switch S4；
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000062
Switch off the main circuit switch S4After, delay DA3Opening S3
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000063
S3Keep on for a time delay DA4Turn off Sa1
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000064
Off Sa1After, delay DA5Opening Sa2；
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000065
According to the SPWM control of the main loop, after delaying the required time, the S is turned off3；
During the preceding operation, the current before commutation
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000066
And commutation excitation time Δ T (I)Tf) Comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000067
when I isTfWhen the content is equal to 0, the content,
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000068
is composed of
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000069
ΔT(ITf)＝T0-1+T1-2+T2-3+T3-4Formula (12)
Wherein:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000071
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000072
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000073
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000074
all delays D given aboveA1～DA5In the expression (2), the related parameters are divided into two parts, namely input quantity and constrained quantity:
the input quantity is as follows: input DC voltage (V)DC) Auxiliary voltage (V)AUX) Frequency of the switches (fsw), parasitic capacitance C of all switches of the main circuit1＝C2＝C3＝C4＝Cm-ossParasitic capacitance C of all switches of auxiliary loopa1＝Ca2＝Ca3＝Ca4＝Ca-ossFreewheel diode capacitor CN1＝CN2＝CN3＝CN4＝CNFilter inductor LTfTransformer parameters (primary winding (N), magnetic core, turn ratio (N: Nx)), filter inductor current ITfTime period (ZVS time period) T during which the main switch can be turned on at zero voltagemZVSCurrent-converting resonant current IrAuxiliary switch ZVS commutation time TaZVS、
The constrained amount is:
commutation resonance inductor LrAnd an excitation inductor LmAuxiliary loop sleep minimum current
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000075
Commutation resonance inductor LrAnd an excitation inductor LmAuxiliary loop sleep minimum current
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000076
The system of constraint equations between is:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000077
as a further improvement of the above scheme, the specific flow and the interval time of each stage in a positive half cycle are as follows:
the calculation and derivation process of A left commutation follow current (A → I) is as follows:
A-Ⅰmode 1: initial follow current phase (t)<t 0): the circuit is in a stable state, and the main switch tube S1And S4Conducting; load current iTf through S4And then follow current. Auxiliary switch tube Sa2、Sa4On, the initial value of the excitation current iLm is
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900000812
The actual current direction of the excitation current iLm is into point W.
A-I mode 2: primary side hysteresis arm commutation phase (T0-T)1): at time t0, the hysteretic auxiliary switch tube S is closeda4. Commutation inductor Lr1Inductance folded to primary side by transformer
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000081
The magnetizing inductor Lm, the auxiliary capacitors Ca3 and Ca4 resonate. The auxiliary capacitor Ca3 discharges Ca4 to charge, and the potential at the point W rises; the secondary side of the auxiliary converter transformer generates a resonant current which increases from zero
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000082
Resonant current iLr1Current reduced to primary side by transformer
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000083
Referred to as the primary current; excitation current
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000084
From an initial value
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000085
Starting to change to the positive direction; after the lapse of time T0-1, the potential at the point W rises to VAUX。
Equivalent auxiliary capacitor C at this stageA_oss＝2Ca_ossAn absorption capacitor C is connected in parallel with the auxiliary switch tubea3And Ca4Are connected in parallel. Equivalent auxiliary capacitor C at this stageA_ossVoltage, current at both ends
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000086
The expression is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000087
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000088
wherein:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000089
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900000810
the voltage peak of (a) is:
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900000811
at T1At the moment, the lagging leg reaches ZVT commutation condition, i.e.
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000091
According to this, the time of this resonance phase is:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000092
in addition, according to KCL, excitation current
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000093
And primary side current
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000094
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000095
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000096
A-I mode 3: commutation inductor Lr1Linear charging phase (T)1-T2)：T1At the moment, Da3 is naturally conducted; hysteresis auxiliary switch tube Sa3Reaching the ZVS turn-on condition; excitation inductance LmThe voltage at two ends is opposite to the current direction, and the sum of the excitation current and the primary side reduced current is increased from negative to positive according to the reference direction; resonant inductor current
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000097
Increasing linearly. At the time tB, the exciting current is reduced to zero, and the auxiliary switch tube S is laggeda3May be in the time period T1Control conduction between-B, select t1-BAt intermediate time tATurn on the auxiliary switch Sa3。
The sum of the excitation current and the primary side current at this stage is:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000098
wherein, the following components are obtained:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000099
at tBThe sum of the moment excitation current and the primary side current is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900000910
simultaneous-auxiliary tube Sa4The soft on-time of (d) is:
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900000911
charging phase (T)1-2) the resonant current is:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000101
wherein, the following components are obtained:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000102
V′AUX＝nVAUXformula (34)
T2At the moment, the value of the resonant current iLr increases to a maximum value:
iLr(t2)＝Ir+iTfformula (35)
Wherein: ir is the part of the resonant current iLr exceeding the load current
Simultaneous, charging phase (T)1The duration of-2) is:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000103
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000104
A-I mode 4: (T)2-T3) Main switch resonant commutation phase (T)2-T3):T2Time of day, resonant current iLr1Is increased to a maximum value iLr-max, the main switch S1Turning off; resonant current iLr1The part of Ir exceeding the load current in the period C charges the capacitor C1 to C2 to discharge, and the potential at the point P starts to drop.
The equivalent main capacitor is a main switch tube and is connected with an absorption capacitor C in parallel1And C2Are connected in parallel. Voltage across it
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000105
And the resonant current iLr is expressed as:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000106
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000107
wherein:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000108
is composed of
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000111
The voltage peak of (a) is expressed as:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000112
T3time S1The ZVT commutation condition is met, namely:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000113
the duration of this phase is:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000114
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000115
A-I mode 5: (T)3-T4) Main switch ZVS on-conversion inductance Lr linear discharging stage (T)3-T4) At T3At the moment, the potential at the point P is reduced to 0, D2 is naturally conducted, and the main switch S2The ZVS turn-on condition is reached. time tD, resonant current
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000116
Down to the load current iTfMain switch tube S2May be in the time period T3-D, selecting T3-DAt intermediate time tCTurn on the main switch S2. The main switch bridge arm completes the soft commutation process.
The duration of the ZVS on stage of the main switch is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000117
wherein, the following is obtained:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000118
the duration of the linear discharge phase of the commutation inductor Lr is:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000119
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900001110
A-I mode 5: (T)4-T5) Primary forearm ZVT commutation stage at T4At the moment, the resonant current iLr is reduced to 0A, and the exciting current is increased
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000121
Increase according to the reference direction to
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000122
Cut-off advanced auxiliary tube Sa2. Excitation current
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000123
Ca1 was discharged and Ca2 was charged, and the potential at the R point began to rise. T is5At that time, the potential at the point R rises to VAUXDa1 turns on naturally.
Duration of current change in the forearm:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000124
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000125
A-I mode 6: (T)5-)T5At that time, the potential at the point R rises to VAUXDa1 is naturally turned on; at the time of tE, the leading auxiliary tube S is controlled to be conducteda1A gate electrode of (1).
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000126
Wherein, TaZVSThe system inputs the quantity.
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000127
tEThen, the main loop is in a charging state I, and the auxiliary loop returns to the initial state of the working process. Turn off S as required by SPWM control2By natural commutation, the main circuit returns to the freewheeling state a.
Secondly, the calculation and derivation processes of the A right commutation follow current (A → II) are as follows:
A-II mode 1: initial follow current phase (t)<t 6): the circuit is in a stable state, and the main switch tube S1And S4Conducting; load current iTf through S4And then follow current. Auxiliary switch tube Sa1、Sa3On, the initial value of the excitation current iLm is
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000128
The actual current direction of the excitation current iLm is into point R.
A-II mode 2: primary side hysteresis arm commutation stage (t6-t 7): at time t6, the hysteretic auxiliary switch tube S is closeda3. Commutation inductor Lr2Inductance folded to primary side by transformer
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000129
The magnetizing inductor Lm, the auxiliary capacitors Ca3 and Ca4 resonate. The auxiliary capacitor Ca3 is charged and Ca4 is discharged, and the potential of the point W is reduced; the secondary side of the auxiliary converter transformer generates a resonant current which increases from zero
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900001210
Resonant current iLr2Current reduced to primary side by transformer
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000131
Referred to as the primary current; excitation current
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000132
From an initial value
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000133
Beginning to decrease in the positive direction; after time T6-7, the potential at point W drops to 0.
Equivalent auxiliary capacitor C at this stageA_oss＝2Ca_ossAn absorption capacitor C is connected in parallel with the auxiliary switch tubea3And Ca4Are connected in parallel. Equivalent auxiliary capacitor C at this stageA_ossVoltage across
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000134
Electric current
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000135
The expression is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000136
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000137
wherein:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000138
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000139
the voltage peak of (a) is:
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900001310
at time t7, the lagging leg reaches the ZVT commutation condition, i.e.
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900001311
According to this, the time of this resonance phase is:
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900001312
in addition, according to KCL, excitation current and primary side current
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900001313
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900001314
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900001315
A-II mode 3: commutation inductor Lr2Linear charging phase (t7-t 8): at the time t7, Da4 is naturally turned on; hysteresis auxiliary switch tube Sa4Reaching the ZVS turn-on condition; excitation inductance LmThe voltage at two ends is opposite to the current direction, and the sum of the excitation current and the primary side current is linearly reduced according to the reference direction; resonant inductor current
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900001316
Increasing linearly. At time tG, the current is reduced to zero, lagging the auxiliary switch tube Sa4The conduction can be controlled between the time periods t7-G, and t is selected7-GAt intermediate time tFTurn on the auxiliary switch Sa4。
The sum of the excitation current and the primary side current at this stage is:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000141
wherein, the following components are obtained:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000142
at tGThe sum of the moment excitation current and the primary side current is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000143
simultaneous-auxiliary tube Sa4The soft on-time of (d) is:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000144
the resonant current in the charging stage (T7-8) is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000145
wherein, the following components are obtained:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000146
V′AUX＝nVAUXformula (67)
t8At the moment, the value of the resonant current iLr increases to a maximum value:
iLr(t8)＝Ir+iTfformula (68)
Wherein: ir is the part of the resonant current iLr exceeding the load current
Simultaneous-, the duration of the charging phase (T7-8) is:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000147
A-II mode 4: (t8-t9) resonant commutation stage of main switch, at t8, the resonant current iLr1Is increased to a maximum value iLr-max, the main switch S4Turning off; resonant current iLr1The portion of Ir exceeding the load current in the middle discharges C2 charged in the capacitor C1, and the potential at the Q point starts to rise.
Equivalent main capacitor CM_oss＝2Cm_ossA main switch tube connected in parallel with an absorption capacitor C1And C2Are connected in parallel. Voltage across it
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000151
And the resonant current iLr is expressed as:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000152
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000153
wherein:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000154
is composed of
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000155
The voltage peak of (a) is expressed as:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000156
t9time of day, S3The ZVT commutation condition is met, namely:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000157
the duration of this phase is:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000158
A-II mode 5: (T9-T10) The main switch ZVS is turned on-the linear discharge stage of the commutation inductor Lr, at the time of t9, the potential of the point Q rises to VDCD3 is naturally on, main switch S3The ZVS turn-on condition is reached. time of tI, resonance current
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000159
Down to the load current iTfMain switch tube S3May be in the time period T10-I, selecting T9-IAt intermediate time tHTurn on the main switch S3. The main switch bridge arm completes the soft commutation process.
The duration of the ZVS on stage of the main switch is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA00026069170900001510
wherein, the following is obtained:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000161
the duration of the linear discharge phase of the commutation inductor Lr is:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000162
A-II mode 6: (T)10-T11) Primary forearm ZVT commutation stage at T1At time 0, the resonant current iLr is reduced to 0A, and the exciting current is reduced
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000163
Increase in the reverse direction according to the reference direction
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000164
Cut-off advanced auxiliary tube Sa1. Excitation current
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000165
Charging Ca1 Ca2 discharges and the R-point potential begins to drop approximately linearly. T is1At time 1, the potential at point R drops to 0, and Da2 turns on naturally.
Duration of current change in the forearm:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000166
A-II mode 7: t is1At the moment 1, the potential of the point R is reduced to 0, and Da2 is naturally conducted; t is tJTime of day, control and conduct the advanced auxiliary tube Sa2A gate electrode of (1).
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000167
Wherein, TaZVSThe system inputs the quantity.
tJThen, the main loop is in a charging state II, and the auxiliary loop returns to the initial state of the working process. According to SPWM required for control, turn off S3By natural commutation, the main circuit returns to the freewheeling state a.
The foregoing fourteen modalities, V is describedACIn the half period of the positive pole and the negative pole of the L pole of the alternating current power supply, the main loop realizes the realization process of switching the energy release state to the energy charging state I and switching the energy release state to the energy charging state II. Wherein the action is the upper right auxiliary loop and the lower left auxiliary loop. At VACIn the other half period of the negative pole and the positive pole of the L pole of the alternating current power supply, the working mechanism is B upper right commutation follow current (B → I), B lower left commutation follow current (B → I) works as described above, and only the current directions are opposite.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the bridgeless double-Boost power factor correction rectifier with the left-right alternating auxiliary commutation can realize ZVS (zero voltage switching) conduction of the main loop switch and the auxiliary loop switch. The full-control switch replaces a rectifier diode of a basic bridgeless circuit, and a main loop has two energy charging states. The auxiliary loop working alternately realizes the bidirectional reset of the exciting current, thereby reducing the volume of the magnetic core of the transformer. The secondary winding coupling of the transformer reduces the voltage stress of the auxiliary converter diode.
Drawings
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the appended drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a circuit of an improved bridgeless dual Boost PFC rectifier with up and down alternate auxiliary commutation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of two charging states of the main circuit of the present invention, wherein a charging state I is shown in FIG. 2(a), and a charging state II is shown in FIG. 2 (b);
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an energy release state A when the AC power supply L is positive and negative and an energy release state B when the AC power supply L is negative and positive, and FIG. 3(a) is a circuit diagram of the energy release state A when the AC power supply L is positive and negative; FIG. 3(B) is a circuit diagram of the energy release state B with L minus N plus;
FIG. 4 is a timing diagram illustrating the switching of the operating states of the improved dual-boost topology of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows the operation of the AC power supply of the present invention when the discharge state A returns to the charge states I and II, wherein (A), (B), (C), (a) Is A-I mode 1 (t)<t0) A circuit diagram; (b) is A-I mode 2 (t)0-t1) A circuit diagram; (c) is A-I mode 3 (t)1-t2) A circuit diagram; (d) is A-I mode 4 (t)2-t3) A circuit diagram; (e) is A-I mode 5 (t)3-t4) A circuit diagram; (f) is A-I mode 6 (t)4-t5) A circuit diagram; (g) is A-I mode 7 (t)5-) a circuit diagram; (h) is A-II mode 1(t < t)6) A circuit diagram; (i) is A-II mode 2 (t)6-t7) A circuit diagram; (j) is A-II mode 3 (t)7-t8) A circuit diagram; (k) is A-II mode 4 (t)8-t9) A circuit diagram; (l) Is A-II mode 5 (t)9-t10) A circuit diagram; (m) is A-II mode 7 (t)10-t11) A circuit diagram; (n) is A-II mode 7 (t)11-) a circuit diagram;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit of mode 2 in one PWM switching cycle according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a mode 3 equivalent circuit in one PWM switching cycle according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a mode 4 equivalent circuit in one PWM switching cycle according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a waveform diagram of the driving pulse signal of each switching tube, the main node voltage and the branch current in one PWM switching period when the ac power supply L is positive and negative.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the bridgeless dual Boost power factor correction rectifier with left-right alternating auxiliary commutation provided by the present invention includes a first main switch tube S1A second main switch tube S2And the third main switch tube S3The fourth main switch tube S4Filter inductor Tf1Filter inductor Tf2AC power supply VACDC power supply VDCAuxiliary power supply VAUXA first commutation diode DN1A second commutation diode DN2A third commutation diode DN3And a fourth conversion diode DN4Auxiliary converter transformer primary winding T1A first winding T of the secondary side of the transformer2Auxiliary secondary side second winding T of auxiliary converter transformer3Secondary third winding T of transformer4Auxiliary fourth winding T of auxiliary converter transformer5Resonant inductor Lr1Resonant inductor Lr2A first auxiliary switch tube Sa1A second auxiliary switch tube Sa2The third auxiliary switch tube Sa3The fourth auxiliary switch tube Sa4The leading bridge arm AC-Lang of the left commutation auxiliary circuit, the lagging bridge arm AC-Lead of the left commutation auxiliary circuit and the primary winding N of the auxiliary commutation transformer1Secondary winding N2Secondary winding N3The first main switch tube S1Source electrode and second main switch tube S2The drain electrode of the main switch is connected with a point P to form a main switch left bridge arm; third main switch tube S3Source electrode and fourth main switch tube S4The drain electrode of the switch is connected with a point Q to form a main switch right bridge arm; filter inductance Tf1One end of (1) and an AC power supply VACThe other end of the L-shaped end is connected with the point P; filter inductance Tf2One end of (1) and an AC power supply VACThe other end of the N-shaped contact is connected with a point Q; first commutation diode DN1The positive pole and the first winding T of the secondary side of the transformer2Is connected with the same name terminal of the first inverting diode DN2And the secondary side second winding T of the auxiliary converter transformer3The different name ends are connected; third commutation diode DN3The anode of the transformer and a secondary side third winding T of the transformer4Is connected with the different name end of the fourth conversion diode DN4Negative pole of the auxiliary converter transformer and a secondary fourth winding T of the auxiliary converter transformer5The same name end of the terminal is connected; auxiliary side first winding T of auxiliary converter transformer2Different name end, auxiliary side second winding T of auxiliary converter transformer3Is connected to a point O1, and assists the secondary side third winding T of the converter transformer4Different name end and auxiliary side fourth winding T of auxiliary converter transformer5Is connected to point O2; first main switch tube S1Drain electrode of (1), third main switching tube S3The first conversion diode DN1Negative electrode of (1), third inverter diode DN3And a negative electrode of (2) and a DC power supply VDCThe positive electrodes are connected; second main switch tube S2Source of (1)Four main switch tubes S4Source of (1), second conversion diode DN2Positive electrode of (1), fourth conversion diode DN4And a direct current power supply VDCThe negative electrodes are connected; resonant inductor Lr1One end of the main switch is connected with the midpoint P of the left bridge arm of the main switch, and the other end of the main switch is connected with O1; resonant inductor Lr2One end of the main switch is connected with a midpoint Q point of a right bridge arm of the main switch, and the other end of the main switch is connected with O2; first auxiliary switch tube Sa1Source electrode of and second auxiliary switch tube Sa2The drain electrode of the left converter auxiliary circuit is connected with the R point, and the two switching tubes form an advanced bridge arm AC-Lan of the left converter auxiliary circuit; third auxiliary switch tube Sa3Source electrode of and fourth auxiliary switch tube Sa4The drain electrode of the left commutation auxiliary circuit is connected with a point W, and the two switching tubes form a hysteresis bridge arm AC-Lead of the left commutation auxiliary circuit; first auxiliary switch tube Sa1And a third auxiliary switch tube Sa3Drain electrode of and auxiliary power supply VAUXIs connected with an auxiliary power supply VAUXAnd a second auxiliary switch tube Sa2Source electrode of (1), fourth auxiliary switch tube Sa4The source electrodes of the two-way transistor are connected; primary winding T of auxiliary converter transformer1The synonym end of the lead auxiliary switch bridge arm is connected with a point R of the middle point of the lead auxiliary switch bridge arm, and the synonym end of the lead auxiliary switch bridge arm is connected with a point W of the middle point of the lag auxiliary switch bridge arm; primary winding N of auxiliary converter transformer1Number of turns of and secondary winding N2The turn ratio of (A) is 1/n; primary winding N of auxiliary converter transformer1Number of turns of and secondary winding N3The turns ratio of (1/n).
In a further improvement, when the main loop switch S1，S4Conduction, S2，S3The off state is called release state a; main loop switch S2，S3Conduction, S1，S4The off state is called release state B; main loop switch S2， S4Conduction, S1，S3The off state is called a charging state I; main loop switch S1，S3Conduction, S2，S4The off state is called a charging state II; a normal switching cycle including a release state A or a release state B, a charge state I or a charge state II; an extended switching period (I)+Or II+) Only comprises a charging state I or a charging state II, and the duration time of the charging state I or the charging state II is one switching cycle time; for an alternating voltage period, the half period of L plus N minus is called a positive half period; the half period of L minus N plus is called as a negative half period; the energy release state of the positive half period is only A, and the energy charging state I or II can be both; the energy release state of the negative half period is only B, and the energy charging state I or II can be both; a switching period after the zero crossing point of the current in the positive and negative (negative and positive) half-cycle conversion process is called a transition working period; the other working periods except the transition working period are called as normal working periods; in the normal working period, in a positive half period, controlling and arranging an odd number of switching periods, wherein AII switching periods and AII switching periods form a group, and repeating the cycle, wherein AII starts AII and ends AII; in the negative half period, odd switching periods are controlled and arranged, the BI switching period and the BI switching period form a group, the cycle is repeated, and the BI starts and ends; in the normal working period, in the process of converting current from the energy release state to the energy charging state, the auxiliary loop participates in the main loop switch current conversion to realize the zero-voltage switch current conversion, and there are four working processes which are respectively called as: a is a left upper commutation follow current (A → I), A is a right lower commutation follow current (A → II), B is a right upper commutation follow current (B → I), and B is a left lower commutation follow current (B → II); in the transition working period, the main loop switch commutation does not occur in one switching period, and the extended switching period (I) is presented+Or II+) Status.
The PFC current control function in the main loop is realized by different time ratios of charging and discharging of a filter inductor of a main switch switching structure. Since the filter inductor is large enough, the filter inductor current is considered constant during one PWM switching period.
When the alternating current power supply L is positive and negative, the energy release state current flows back to the energy charging state, and the upper left auxiliary loop and the lower right auxiliary loop supply energy and flow current. The circuit state diagram of each phase in one PWM switching period is shown in FIG. 5, and the waveforms of the driving pulse signal of each switching tube, the main node voltage and the branch current are shown in FIG. 9.
Actual working process
VACIn the positive half period of the L pole, the positive pole and the negative pole of the alternating current power supply, the auxiliary commutation process comprises A upper left commutation follow current (A → I) and A lower right commutation follow current (A)→ II). The work flow and the switching time interval are as follows:
first, A left current-changing follow current (A → I)
VACWhen the L pole of the alternating current power supply is positive and the N pole of the alternating current power supply is negative, the working process and the switching time interval are as follows:
the circuit is in a steady state, S1、S4、Sa2、Sa4In the on state, S2、S3、Sa1、Sa3In an off state.
At time t0, turn off Sa4；
Sa4Delay after shutdown DA1Opening Sa3；
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000211
Opening Sa3After, delay DA2Turning off the main circuit switch S1；
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000212
Equation (82)
Switch off the main circuit switch S1After, delay DA3Opening S2；
DA326.7nS \ equation (83)
S2Keep on for a time delay DA4Turn off Sa2
DA4＝(5.0ITf+92.5) nS \ formula (84)
Off Sa2After, delay DA5Opening Sa1。
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000213
According to the SPWM control of the main loop, after delaying the required time, the S is turned off2。
Second, A right commutation follow current (A → I)
VACWhen the L pole of the alternating current power supply is positive and the N pole of the alternating current power supply is negative, the working process and the switching time interval are as follows:
the circuit is in a steady state, S1、S4、Sa1、Sa3In the on state, S2、S3、Sa2、Sa4In an off state.
At time t0, turn off Sa3；
Sa3Delay after shutdown DA1Opening Sa4；
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000221
Opening Sa4After, delay DA2Turning off the main circuit switch S4；
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000222
Switch off the main circuit switch S4After, delay DA3Opening S3
DA326.7nS \ equation (88)
S3Keep on for a time delay DA4Turn off Sa1
DA4＝(5.0ITf+92.5) nS \ equation (89)
Off Sa1After, delay DA5Opening Sa2。
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000223
According to the SPWM control of the main loop, after delaying the required time, the S is turned off3。
During the preceding operation, the current before commutation
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000224
And commutation excitation time Δ T (I)Tf) Comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000225
when I isTfWhen the content is equal to 0, the content,
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000226
is composed of
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000227
ΔT(ITf)＝T0-1+T1-2+T2-3+T3-4\\ equation (92)
Wherein:
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000228
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000229
T3-4＝4.9(4.5+ITf) nS \ formula (95)
The parameters of the elements involved in the circuit are divided into two parts, namely input quantity and constrained quantity:
the specific elements and parameters are shown in table 1, covering all inputs:
table 1 table of specific parameters of input amount in examples
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000231
The bound amount can be found:
commutation inductor Lr1＝Lr2＝Lr＝1.69μH
Excitation inductance Lm＝0.8μH
Auxiliary loop sleep minimum current
Figure RE-GDA0002606917090000232
The above embodiments are not limited to the technical solutions of the embodiments themselves, and the embodiments may be combined with each other into a new embodiment. The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited thereto, and any modification or equivalent replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A bridge-free double-Boost power factor correction rectifier for left-right alternate auxiliary commutation is characterized in that: comprises a first main switch tube (S)1) A second main switch tube (S)2) And the third main switch tube (S)3) And the fourth main switch tube (S)4) Filter inductor (T)f1) Filter inductor (T)f2) AC power supply (V)AC) DC power supply (V)DC) Auxiliary power supply (V)AUX) A first commutation diode (D)N1) A second commutation diode (D)N2) And a third commutation diode (D)N3) And a fourth commutation diode (D)N4) Auxiliary converter transformer primary winding (T)1) A first winding (T) of the secondary side of the transformer2) And a secondary side second winding (T) of the auxiliary converter transformer3) And a third winding (T) of the secondary side of the transformer4) And a secondary fourth winding (T) of the auxiliary converter transformer5) Resonant inductor (L)r1) Resonant inductor (L)r2) A first auxiliary switch tube (S)a1) A second auxiliary switch tube (S)a2) And the third auxiliary switch tube (S)a3) And the fourth auxiliary switch tube (S)a4) The converter comprises a left converter auxiliary circuit, a leading bridge arm (AC-Lag) of the left converter auxiliary circuit, a lagging bridge arm (AC-Lead) of the left converter auxiliary circuit and an auxiliary converter transformer primary winding (N)1) Secondary winding (N)2) Secondary winding (N)3) Said first main switching tube (S)1) Source electrode, second main switch tube (S)2) The drain electrode of the main switch is connected with a point P to form a main switch left bridge arm; third main switch tube (S)3) Source electrode, fourth main switch tube (S)4) The drain electrode of the transistor is connected with a point Q to form a main circuitSwitching on and off a right bridge arm; filter inductance (T)f1) And one end of (V) and an alternating current power supply (V)AC) The other end of the L-shaped end is connected with the point P; filter inductance (T)f2) And one end of (V) and an alternating current power supply (V)AC) The other end of the N-shaped contact is connected with a point Q; first commutation diode (D)N1) And the first winding (T) of the secondary side of the transformer2) Is connected to the same name terminal of the first inverting diode (D)N2) And the secondary side second winding (T) of the auxiliary converter transformer3) The different name ends are connected; third commutation diode (D)N3) And the third winding (T) of the secondary side of the transformer4) Is connected with the different name end of the fourth commutation diode (D)N4) And the secondary side fourth winding (T) of the auxiliary converter transformer5) The same name end of the terminal is connected; auxiliary converter transformer secondary first winding (T)2) End of different name, auxiliary converter transformer secondary side second winding (T)3) Is connected to the point O1, assists the secondary third winding (T) of the converter transformer4) End of different name, auxiliary converter transformer secondary side fourth winding (T)5) Is connected to point O2; first main switch tube (S)1) Drain electrode of (1), third main switching tube (S)3) The first commutation diode (D)N1) Negative pole of (D), third commutation diode (D)N3) And a DC power supply (V)DC) The positive electrodes are connected; second main switch tube (S)2) Source electrode of (1), fourth main switching tube (S)4) Source of (D), second commutation diode (D)N2) Positive electrode of (D), fourth commutation diode (D)N4) And a direct current power supply (V)DC) The negative electrodes are connected; resonance inductance (L)r1) One end of the main switch is connected with the midpoint P of the left bridge arm of the main switch, and the other end of the main switch is connected with O1; resonance inductance (L)r2) One end of the main switch is connected with a midpoint Q point of a right bridge arm of the main switch, and the other end of the main switch is connected with O2; first auxiliary switch tube (S)a1) And a second auxiliary switching tube (S)a2) The two switching tubes form an advanced bridge arm (AC-Lag) of the left commutation auxiliary circuit; third auxiliary switch tube (S)a3) Source electrode of (1) and fourth auxiliary switching tube (S)a4) The two switching tubes form a hysteresis bridge arm (AC-Le) of the left commutation auxiliary circuitad); first auxiliary switch tube (S)a1) And a third auxiliary switching tube (S)a3) Drain electrode of (2) and auxiliary power supply (V)AUX) Is connected with an auxiliary power supply (V)AUX) And a second auxiliary switch tube (S)a2) Source electrode of (1), fourth auxiliary switching tube (S)a4) The source electrodes of the two-way transistor are connected; primary winding (T) of auxiliary converter transformer1) The synonym end of the lead auxiliary switch bridge arm is connected with a point R of the middle point of the lead auxiliary switch bridge arm, and the synonym end of the lead auxiliary switch bridge arm is connected with a point W of the middle point of the lag auxiliary switch bridge arm; auxiliary converter transformer primary winding (N)1) Number of turns and secondary winding (N)2) The turn ratio of (A) is 1/n; auxiliary converter transformer primary winding (N)1) Number of turns and secondary winding (N)3) The turns ratio of (1/n).
2. The bridgeless double-Boost power factor correction rectifier with left-right alternating auxiliary commutation according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the main loop switch S1，S4Conduction, S2，S3The off state is called release state a; main loop switch S2，S3Conduction, S1，S4The off state is called release state B; main loop switch S2，S4Conduction, S1，S3The off state is called a charging state I; main loop switch S1，S3Conduction, S2，S4The off state is called a charging state II; a normal switching cycle including a release state A or a release state B, a charge state I or a charge state II; an extended switching period (I)+Or II+) Only comprises a charging state I or a charging state II, and the duration time of the charging state I or the charging state II is one switching cycle time; for an alternating voltage period, the half period of L plus N minus is called a positive half period; the half period of L minus N plus is called as a negative half period; the energy release state of the positive half period is only A, and the energy charging state I or II can be both; the energy release state of the negative half period is only B, and the energy charging state I or II can be both; a switching period after the zero crossing point of the current in the positive and negative (negative and positive) half-cycle conversion process is called a transition working period; the other working periods except the transition working period are called as normal working periods; during normal operation, positive half-cycle, controlArranging an odd number of switching periods, wherein AII switching periods and AII switching periods form a group, the cycle is repeated, and AII starts AII and finishes AII; in the negative half period, odd switching periods are controlled and arranged, the BI switching period and the BI switching period form a group, the cycle is repeated, and the BI starts and ends; in the normal working period, in the process of converting current from the energy release state to the energy charging state, the auxiliary loop participates in the main loop switch current conversion to realize the zero-voltage switch current conversion, and there are four working processes which are respectively called as: the current comprises an upper left commutation follow current (A → I), a lower right commutation follow current (A → II), an upper right commutation follow current (B → I) and a lower left commutation follow current (B → I); in the transition working period, the main loop switch commutation does not occur in one switching period, and the extended switching period (I) is presented+Or II+) Status.
3. The bridgeless double-Boost power factor correction rectifier with left-right alternating auxiliary commutation according to claim 2, characterized in that: at VACIn the positive half period of the positive pole and the negative pole of the L pole of the alternating current power supply, the auxiliary commutation process includes a left commutation follow current (a → i) and a right commutation follow current (a → i), and the work flow and the switching time interval are as follows:
firstly, the calculation and derivation process of the left commutation follow current (A → I) are as follows:
when the L pole of the alternating current power supply is positive and the N pole of the alternating current power supply is negative, the working process and the switching time interval are as follows:
the circuit is in a steady state, S1、S4、Sa2、Sa4In the on state, S2、S3、Sa1、Sa3In an off state;
at time t0, turn off Sa4；
Sa4Delay after shutdown DA1Opening Sa3；
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000031
Opening Sa3After, delay DA2Turning off the main circuit switch S1；
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000041
Switch off the main circuit switch S1After that, delay, turn on S2；
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000042
S2Keep on for a time delay DA4Turn off Sa2
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000043
Off Sa2After, delay DA5Opening Sa1；
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000044
According to the SPWM control of the main loop, after delaying the required time, the S is turned off2；
Secondly, the calculation and derivation process of the right commutation follow current (a → i) are as follows:
VACwhen the L pole of the alternating current power supply is positive and the N pole of the alternating current power supply is negative, the working process and the switching time interval are as follows:
the circuit is in a steady state, S1、S4、Sa1、Sa3In the on state, S2、S3、Sa2、Sa4In an off state;
at time t0, turn off Sa3；
Sa3Delayed after switch-off, switched-on Sa4；
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000045
Opening Sa4After, delay DA2Turning off the main circuit switch S4；
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000051
Switch off the main circuit switch S4After, delay DA3Opening S3
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000052
S3Keep on for a time delay DA4Turn off Sa1
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000053
Off Sa1After, delay DA5Opening Sa2；
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000054
According to the SPWM control of the main loop, after delaying the required time, the S is turned off3；
During the preceding operation, the current before commutation
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000055
And commutation excitation time Δ T (I)Tf) Comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000056
when I isTfWhen the content is equal to 0, the content,
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000057
is composed of
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000058
ΔT(ITf)＝T0-1+T1-2+T2-3+T3-4Formula (12)
Wherein:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000059
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800000510
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000061
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000062
all delays D given aboveA1～DA5In the expression (2), the related parameters are divided into two parts, namely input quantity and constrained quantity:
the input quantity is as follows: input DC voltage (V)DC) Auxiliary voltage (V)AUX) Frequency of the switches (fsw), parasitic capacitance C of all switches of the main circuit1＝C2＝C3＝C4＝Cm-ossParasitic capacitance C of all switches of auxiliary loopa1＝Ca2＝Ca3＝Ca4＝Ca-ossFreewheel diode capacitor CN1＝CN2＝CN3＝CN4＝CNFilter inductor LTfTransformer parameters (primary winding (N), magnetic core, turn ratio (N: Nx)), filter inductor current ITfTime interval (ZVS) during which the main switch can be switched on at zero voltagePeriod of time) TmZVSCurrent-converting resonant current IrAuxiliary switch ZVS commutation time TaZVS、
The constrained amount is:
commutation resonance inductor LrAnd an excitation inductor LmAuxiliary loop sleep minimum current
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000063
Commutation resonance inductor LrAnd an excitation inductor LmAuxiliary loop sleep minimum current
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000064
The system of constraint equations between is:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000065
4. the bridgeless double-Boost power factor correction rectifier with left-right alternating auxiliary commutation according to claim 3, characterized in that: the specific flow and the interval time of each stage in a positive half period are as follows:
firstly, the calculation and derivation process of the left commutation follow current (A → I) are as follows:
A-I mode 1: initial follow current phase (t)<t 0): the circuit is in a stable state, and the main switch tube S1And S4Conducting; load current iTf through S4Afterflow; auxiliary switch tube Sa2、Sa4On, the initial value of the excitation current iLm is
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000071
The actual current direction of the excitation current iLm is the inflow point W;
A-I mode 2: primary side hysteresis arm commutation phase (T0-T)1): at time t0, the hysteretic auxiliary switch tube S is closeda4(ii) a Commutation inductor Lr1Inductance folded to primary side by transformer
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000072
The excitation inductor Lm, the auxiliary capacitors Ca3 and Ca4 resonate; the auxiliary capacitor Ca3 discharges Ca4 to charge, and the potential at the point W rises; the secondary side of the auxiliary converter transformer generates a resonant current which increases from zero
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000073
Resonant current iLr1Current reduced to primary side by transformer
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000074
Referred to as the primary current; excitation current
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000075
From an initial value
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000076
Starting to change to the positive direction; after the lapse of time T0-1, the potential at the point W rises to VAUX；
Equivalent auxiliary capacitor C at this stageA_oss＝2Ca_ossAn absorption capacitor C is connected in parallel with the auxiliary switch tubea3And Ca4Are connected in parallel; equivalent auxiliary capacitor at this stage
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000077
Voltage, current at both ends
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000078
The expression is as follows:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000079
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800000710
wherein:
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800000711
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800000712
the voltage peak of (a) is:
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800000713
at T1At the moment, the lagging leg reaches ZVT commutation condition, i.e.
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800000714
According to this, the time of this resonance phase is:
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800000715
in addition, according to KCL, excitation current
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000081
And primary side current
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000082
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000083
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000084
A-I mode 3: conversion of currentInductor Lr1Linear charging phase (T)1-T2)：T1At the moment, Da3 is naturally conducted; hysteresis auxiliary switch tube Sa3Reaching the ZVS turn-on condition; excitation inductance LmThe voltage at two ends is opposite to the current direction, and the sum of the excitation current and the primary side reduced current is increased from negative to positive according to the reference direction; resonant inductor current
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000085
A linear increase; at the time tB, the exciting current is reduced to zero, and the auxiliary switch tube S is laggeda3May be in the time period T1Control conduction between-B, select t1-BAt intermediate time tATurn on the auxiliary switch Sa3；
The sum of the excitation current and the primary side current at this stage is:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000086
wherein, the following components are obtained:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000087
at tBThe sum of the moment excitation current and the primary side current is as follows:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000088
simultaneous-auxiliary tube Sa4The soft on-time of (d) is:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000089
charging phase (T)1-2) the resonant current is:
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800000810
wherein, the following components are obtained:
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800000811
V′AUX＝nVAUXformula (34)
T2At the moment, the value of the resonant current iLr increases to a maximum value:
iLr(t2)＝Ir+iTfformula (35)
Wherein: ir is the part of the resonant current iLr exceeding the load current
Simultaneous, charging phase (T)1The duration of-2) is:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000091
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000092
A-I mode 4: (T)2-T3) Main switch resonant commutation phase (T)2-T3):T2Time of day, resonant current iLr1Is increased to a maximum value iLr-max, the main switch S1Turning off; resonant current iLr1The part Ir which exceeds the load current charges the capacitor C1, C2 is discharged, and the potential of the point P begins to fall;
the equivalent main capacitor is a main switch tube and is connected with an absorption capacitor C in parallel1And C2Are connected in parallel; voltage across it
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000098
And the resonant current iLr is expressed as:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000093
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000094
wherein:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000095
is composed of
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000096
The voltage peak of (a) is expressed as:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000097
T3time S1The ZVT commutation condition is met, namely:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000101
the duration of this phase is:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000102
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000103
A-I mode 5: (T)3-T4) Main switch ZVS on-conversion inductance Lr linear discharging stage (T)3-T4) At T3At the moment, the potential at the point P is reduced to 0, D2 is naturally conducted, and the main switch S2Reaching the ZVS turn-on condition; time tD, resonance electricityFlow of
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000104
Down to the load current iTfMain switch tube S2May be in the time period T3-D, selecting T3-DAt intermediate time tCTurn on the main switch S2(ii) a The main switch bridge arm completes the soft commutation process;
the duration of the ZVS on stage of the main switch is as follows:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000105
wherein, the following is obtained:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000106
the duration of the linear discharge phase of the commutation inductor Lr is:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000107
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000108
A-I mode 5: (T)4-T5) Primary forearm ZVT commutation stage at T4At the moment, the resonant current iLr is reduced to 0A, and the exciting current is increased
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000109
Increase according to the reference direction to
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800001010
Cut-off advanced auxiliary tube Sa2(ii) a Excitation current
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800001011
Ca1 was discharged and Ca2 was charged, and the potential at the R point began to rise; t is5At that time, the potential at the point R rises to VAUXDa1 is naturally turned on;
duration of current change in the forearm:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000111
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000112
A-I mode 6: (T)5-)T5At that time, the potential at the point R rises to VAUXDa1 is naturally turned on; at the time of tE, the leading auxiliary tube S is controlled to be conducteda1A gate electrode of (1);
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000113
wherein, TaZVSInputting the quantity for the system;
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000114
tEthen, the main loop is in a charging state I, and the auxiliary loop returns to the initial state of the working process; turn off S as required by SPWM control2Through natural commutation, the main loop returns to a follow current state A;
secondly, the calculation and derivation process of the right commutation follow current (a → i) are as follows:
A-II mode 1: initial follow current phase (t)<t 6): the circuit is in a stable state, and the main switch tube S1And S4Conducting; load current iTf through S4Afterflow; auxiliary switch tube Sa1、Sa3On, the initial value of the excitation current iLm is
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000115
The actual current direction of the excitation current iLm is the inflow point R;
A-II mode 2: primary side hysteresis arm commutation stage (t6-t 7): at time t6, the hysteretic auxiliary switch tube S is closeda3(ii) a Commutation inductor Lr2Inductance folded to primary side by transformer
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000116
The excitation inductor Lm, the auxiliary capacitors Ca3 and Ca4 resonate; the auxiliary capacitor Ca3 is charged and Ca4 is discharged, and the potential of the point W is reduced; the secondary side of the auxiliary converter transformer generates a resonant current which increases from zero
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000117
Resonant current iLr2Current reduced to primary side by transformer
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000118
Referred to as the primary current; excitation current
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000119
From an initial value
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800001110
Beginning to decrease in the positive direction; after the time T6-7, the potential at the point W is reduced to 0;
equivalent auxiliary capacitor C at this stageA_oss＝2Ca_ossAn absorption capacitor C is connected in parallel with the auxiliary switch tubea3And Ca4Are connected in parallel; equivalent auxiliary capacitor C at this stageA_ossVoltage across
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000121
Electric current
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000122
The expression is as follows:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000123
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000124
wherein:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000125
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000126
the voltage peak of (a) is:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000127
at time t7, the lagging leg reaches the ZVT commutation condition, i.e.
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000128
According to this, the time of this resonance phase is:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000129
in addition, according to KCL, excitation current and primary side current
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800001212
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800001210
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800001211
A-II mode 3: commutation inductor Lr2Linear charging phase (t7-t 8): at the time t7, Da4 is naturally turned on; hysteresis auxiliary switch tube Sa4Reaching the ZVS turn-on condition; excitation inductance LmThe voltage at two ends is opposite to the current direction, and the sum of the excitation current and the primary side current is linearly reduced according to the reference direction; resonant inductor current
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800001213
A linear increase; at time tG, the current is reduced to zero, lagging the auxiliary switch tube Sa4The conduction can be controlled between the time periods t7-G, and t is selected7-GAt intermediate time tFTurn on the auxiliary switch Sa4；
The sum of the excitation current and the primary side current at this stage is:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000131
wherein, the following components are obtained:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000132
at tGThe sum of the moment excitation current and the primary side current is as follows:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000133
simultaneous-auxiliary tube Sa4The soft on-time of (d) is:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000134
the resonant current in the charging stage (T7-8) is as follows:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000135
wherein, the following components are obtained:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000136
V′AUX＝nVAUXformula (67)
t8At the moment, the value of the resonant current iLr increases to a maximum value:
iLr(t8)＝Ir+iTfformula (68)
Wherein: ir is the part of the resonant current iLr exceeding the load current
Simultaneous-, the duration of the charging phase (T7-8) is:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000137
A-II mode 4: (t8-t9) resonant commutation stage of main switch, at t8, the resonant current iLr1Is increased to a maximum value iLr-max, the main switch S4Turning off; resonant current iLr1The part Ir which exceeds the load current charges the capacitor C1 to C2 to discharge, and the potential of the point Q begins to rise;
equivalent main capacitor CM_oss＝2Cm_ossA main switch tube connected in parallel with an absorption capacitor C1And C2Are connected in parallel; voltage across it
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000141
And the resonant current iLr is expressed as:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000142
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000143
wherein:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000144
is composed of
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000145
The voltage peak of (a) is expressed as:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000146
t9time of day, S3The ZVT commutation condition is met, namely:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000147
the duration of this phase is:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000148
A-II mode 5: (T9-T10) The main switch ZVS is turned on-the linear discharge stage of the commutation inductor Lr, at the time of t9, the potential of the point Q rises to VDCD3 is naturally on, main switch S3Reaching the ZVS turn-on condition; time of tI, resonance current
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800001411
Down to the load current iTfMain switch tube S3May be in the time period T10-I, selecting T9-IIn the middle ofMoment tHTurn on the main switch S3(ii) a The main switch bridge arm completes the soft commutation process;
the duration of the ZVS on stage of the main switch is as follows:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000149
wherein, the following is obtained:
Figure RE-FDA00026069170800001410
the duration of the linear discharge phase of the commutation inductor Lr is:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000151
A-II mode 6: (T)10-T11) Primary forearm ZVT commutation stage at T1At time 0, the resonant current iLr is reduced to 0A, and the exciting current is reduced
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000152
Increase in the reverse direction according to the reference direction
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000153
Cut-off advanced auxiliary tube Sa1(ii) a Excitation current
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000154
Charging Ca1 Ca2 discharging, the potential at the R point starts to drop approximately linearly; t is1At the moment 1, the potential of the point R is reduced to 0, and Da2 is naturally conducted;
duration of current change in the forearm:
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000155
A-II mode 7: t is1At the moment 1, the potential of the point R is reduced to 0, and Da2 is naturally conducted; t is tJTime of day, control and conduct the advanced auxiliary tube Sa2A gate electrode of (1);
Figure RE-FDA0002606917080000156
wherein, TaZVSInputting the quantity for the system;
tJthen, the main loop is in a charging state II, and the auxiliary loop returns to the initial state of the working process; turn off S as required by SPWM control3Through natural commutation, the main loop returns to a follow current state A;
the foregoing fourteen modalities, V is describedACIn the half period of the positive pole and the negative pole of the L pole of the alternating current power supply, the main loop realizes the realization process of switching the energy release state to the energy charging state I and switching the energy release state to the energy charging state II; wherein, the action is the upper right auxiliary loop, and the lower left auxiliary loop works; at VACIn the other half period of the negative pole and the positive pole of the L pole of the alternating current power supply, the working mechanism is B upper right commutation follow current (B → i), and B lower left commutation follow current (B → i) works as described above, and only the current directions are opposite.
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CN113991998A (en) * 2021-09-28 2022-01-28 山西大学 Boost converter for equivalent capacitance voltage division auxiliary current conversion
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