CN111931357B - Capacity planning method for wave energy independent power generation system - Google Patents

Capacity planning method for wave energy independent power generation system Download PDF

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CN111931357B
CN111931357B CN202010721366.3A CN202010721366A CN111931357B CN 111931357 B CN111931357 B CN 111931357B CN 202010721366 A CN202010721366 A CN 202010721366A CN 111931357 B CN111931357 B CN 111931357B
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陈启卷
岳旭辉
郑阳
耿大洲
徐磊
高功正
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Abstract

The invention discloses a capacity planning method of a wave energy independent power generation system, which utilizes sea state statistical data of a designed sea area and a model amplitude response operator RAO of a wave energy power generation device model prototype m And model capture width ratio CWR m Calculating a time domain curve of instantaneous power generation of the wave power generation device, and planning the wave-facing surface width b and rated power generation P of the wave power generation device based on the time domain curve of instantaneous power generation and the time domain curve of instantaneous load power with the aim of minimizing the total construction cost C of the wave power generation device and the storage battery w_rate Rated capacity E of storage battery b_rate . According to the method, the actual load power consumption requirement, the designed sea state of the sea area and the model characteristic parameters are comprehensively considered, and the capacities of the wave power generation device and the storage battery are planned in a unified mode, so that the planning result can meet the economic requirement and the power supply reliability requirement.

Description

Capacity planning method for wave energy independent power generation system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wave energy power generation, and particularly relates to a capacity planning method of a wave energy independent power generation system.
Background
The power supply system of offshore equipment, in particular ocean buoys, is essentially a set of independent power generation systems. The system is generally structurally comprised of a dc bus, a power generation unit, a battery, an ac-dc load, and a series of power electronics for power conversion. If the ocean buoy only uses wave energy to generate electricity, the system can also be called a wave energy independent power generation system. The wave energy independent power generation system is characterized in that the power generation unit is only a wave energy power generation device.
On the premise of knowing AC/DC load, the cost for constructing the small-sized wave energy independent power generation system mainly comes from the wave energy power generation device and the storage battery. Therefore, at the beginning of design and application, the capacities of the wave energy power generation device and the storage battery are uniformly planned according to the power consumption requirement of the AC/DC load and the wave energy resource condition of the designed sea area, so that the power supply reliability of the AC/DC load can be met, and the low cost of system construction can be ensured. However, there is currently no detailed description of the unified planning process in the literature. For example, the literature Dimensioning methodology for energy storage devices and wave energy converters supplying isolated loads (IET Renewable Power Generation, 2016, volume 10, 10 th, 1468-1476) merely discloses a configuration of a wave power generator by multi-objective optimization, and then estimates the required battery capacity based on the difference between the generated power and the load power, and does not develop a unified capacity plan.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a capacity planning method for a wave energy independent power generation system, which comprehensively considers actual load power demand, design sea state and model characteristic parameters, and uniformly plans the capacities of a wave energy power generation device and a storage battery, so that the planning result can meet the requirements of economy and power supply reliability.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a capacity planning method for a wave energy independent power generation system utilizes sea state statistical data (or called sea state statistical table) of a designed sea area and a model amplitude response operator RAO of a model prototype of a wave energy power generation device model m And model capture width ratio CWR m Calculating a time domain curve of instantaneous power generation of the wave power generation device, and planning a wave-facing surface width b and rated power generation P of the wave power generation device based on the time domain curve of instantaneous power generation and the time domain curve (or called load curve) of instantaneous load power with the aim of minimizing the total construction cost C of the wave power generation device and the storage battery w_rate Rated capacity E of storage battery b_rate 。
Further, the method specifically comprises the following 16 steps:
s1, randomly extracting a sea state simulation continuous irregular wave time domain waveform according to the occurrence frequency of each sea state in a designed sea state statistics table, wherein the simulation duration is similar to the operation life of a wave energy independent power generation system;
s2, dividing a wave sequence according to the upper zero crossing point to decompose a plurality of single waves, wherein the number of the single waves is recorded as m;
s3, setting the wave-facing surface width b and rated power P of N groups of wave energy power generation devices w_rate ；
S4, let n=1, i=1;
s5, searching for nth group b and P w_rate ；
S6, counting wave height H of ith single wave i And period T i ；
S7, utilizing b of the nth group and a model amplitude response operator RAO m And model capture width ratio CWR m Calculating the time-average power P of the wave power generation device corresponding to the ith single wave w_av，i And maximum speed V max，i ；
S8, utilizing P w_av，i And V max，i Calculating instantaneous power P of wave power generation device corresponding to ith single wave w，i (t), and draw P w，i A time domain plot of (t);
s9, P using the nth group w_rate Cutting off P w，i (t)＞P w_rate Surplus energy E generated during the process e，i And calculates the instantaneous power P after setting the rated power w，i2 (t) and time-average Power P w_av，i2 ；
S10, introducing instantaneous load power P l (t) cutting out the instantaneous load power P in the corresponding period of the ith single wave l，i (t) drawing P l，i (t) calculating the time-average load power P in the corresponding period of the ith single wave l_av，i ；
S11, according to P w，i2 (t) and P l，i (t) calculating the charge and discharge quantity E of the storage battery in the period corresponding to the ith single wave b，i ，E b，i 0 is more than or equal to the charging of the storage battery, otherwise, the discharging is indicated;
s12, judging whether i is smaller than m, if i is smaller than m, i=i+1, returning to S6, otherwise executing S13;
s13, calculating the instantaneous electric quantity E of the storage battery b (t) and draw E b Taking E from the time domain curve of (t) b (t) the difference between the upper and lower limits of the time domain curve is the maximum net charge and discharge amount E of the storage battery b_max Based on E b_max Calculation of nth group b and P w_rate Corresponding rated capacity E of accumulator b_rate ；
S14 based on the nth group b and P w_rate And corresponding E b_rate Calculating the total construction cost C of the corresponding wave energy power generation device and the storage battery;
s15, judging whether N is smaller than N, if N is smaller than N, n=n+1, returning to S5, and if not, executing S16;
s16, comparing and selecting the smallest C in N cases, and using b and P corresponding to the C w_rate ，E b_rate As a result of capacity planning.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes the following 7 steps:
1) Acquiring a designed sea state statistics table, setting the duration of historical information counted by the designed sea state statistics table as the operation life of the wave energy independent power generation system, and characterizing a sea state in the designed sea state statistics table as a group of specific sense wave height H s And peak period T p Designing each grid in the sea state statistics table of the sea area to represent the occurrence frequency of the corresponding sea state, wherein the sum of the occurrence frequencies of all sea states is 100%;
2) Setting a random number generator, wherein the random number generation area is 0-100;
3) According to the sense wave height H s Re-peak period T p Or peak-first period T p Re-sense wave height H s Sequentially traversing and designing all sea states in a sea state statistics table of a sea area, wherein sea states with the occurrence frequency of 0% are automatically skipped, random number generation subareas corresponding to all sea states are synchronously arranged, and the size of each random number generation subarea is 100 times the occurrence frequency of the corresponding sea state;
4) Equally dividing the operation life of the wave energy independent power generation system into a plurality of time periods, generating a random number sequence in 0-100 according to the sequence of time period serial numbers by utilizing a random number generator, and selecting sea conditions corresponding to each time period according to a random number generation subarea in which each random number in the random number sequence is positioned;
5) Using wave spectrum function S ω (omega) simulation of wave height time domain waveform h (t) for each period, wave spectrum function S ω The shape of (omega) is defined by the sense wave height H of each period corresponding to sea conditions s And peak period T p And determining the spectrum type, wherein the simulation duration of the wave height time domain waveform h (t) is slightly longer than the duration of the corresponding time period, and the calculation formula of h (t) is as follows:
wherein M represents dividing the wave frequency ω into M equal parts, Δω is the length of each equal part, ω j Is the average value of all wave frequencies omega in the j (1.ltoreq.j.ltoreq.M) th equal part, pi is the circumference rate, rand j Is omega j A corresponding random number between 0 and 1;
6) The characteristic waveforms of the corresponding time periods are intercepted from the wave height time domain waveform h (T) of each time period, the starting point and the end point of each characteristic waveform are zero points, namely the wave height h=0 point, the wave height h of each point between the starting point and the zero point at the next time in each characteristic waveform is more than 0, the wave height h of each point between the end point and the zero point at the last time in each characteristic waveform is less than 0, the duration of each characteristic waveform is about the duration of the corresponding time period, and the absolute value of the positive and negative errors is not higher than the peak period T of sea conditions of the corresponding time period p ；
7) And connecting the characteristic waveforms of all the time periods end to end according to the time period sequence to finally form a continuous irregular wave time domain waveform.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes the following 2 steps:
1) Statistically crossing zero points, namely special zero points in the continuous irregular wave time domain waveform, wherein the wave height h of the point between the zero point and the zero point at the next time is more than 0, or the wave height h of the point between the zero point and the zero point at the last time is less than 0;
2) A section of continuous irregular wave time domain waveform between two adjacent zero crossing points is taken as a single wave, the continuous irregular wave time domain waveform is divided into a plurality of single waves, the number of the single waves is recorded as m, and all the single waves form a wave sequence in time sequence.
Further, the step S6 specifically includes the following 3 steps:
1) Determining the ith single wave which is a zero crossing point a on the ith single wave i And the (i+1) th zero crossing point a i+1 A section of continuous irregular wave time domain waveform in between;
2) Calculating wave height H of ith single wave i Wave height H i Is the difference between the highest peak wave height value and the lowest peak wave height value on the ith single wave;
3) Calculate the period T of the ith single wave i Period T i Is the time period passed by the ith single wave.
Further, the step S7 specifically includes the following 3 steps:
1) Obtaining different regular wave test periods T through numerical water tank simulation or physical water tank experiment rm Model amplitude response operator RAO of model prototype of wave power generation device m And model capture width ratio CWR m And during test period T with regular wave rm Drawing a model amplitude response operator RAO in a rectangular coordinate system of an abscissa m And model capture width ratio CWR m The width of the wave-facing surface of the model prototype of the wave power generation device is b m ；
2) According to the Froude similarity criterion, a model amplitude response operator RAO corresponding to a model prototype of the wave power generation device model is obtained m Model capture width ratio CWR m And regular wave test period T rm Converted into amplitude response operator RAO corresponding to wave energy power generation device, capture width ratio CWR and regular wave period T r And at regular wave period T r Drawing a curve of an amplitude response operator RAO and a capture width ratio CWR in a rectangular coordinate system of an abscissa, wherein the conversion relation is as follows:
wherein λ=b/b m ；
3) Regarding the ith single wave as a regular wave, calculating the time-average power P of the wave power generation device corresponding to the ith single wave based on the windward wave surface width b, the amplitude response operator RAO and the curve of the capture width ratio CWR w_av，i And maximum speed V max，i The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein RAO is as follows i And CWR i Representing T r ＝T i The amplitude response operator RAO and capture width ratio CWR, J i Representing T i And H i The following regular wave energy density has the expression:
wherein ρ is sea water density and g is gravitational acceleration.
Further, the step S8 specifically includes the following 2 steps:
1) Treating PTO as linear damping R PTO According to P w_av，i And V max，i Estimating the instantaneous power P corresponding to the ith single wave w，i (t) the specific formula is as follows:
wherein t represents time;
2) Drawing the instant power P corresponding to the ith single wave in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and power P as an ordinate w，i A time domain curve of (t), the curve being w-shaped.
Further, the step S9 specifically includes the following 3 steps:
1) On the abscissa of time t, power P is on the ordinateDrawing straight line p=p in rectangular coordinate system of coordinates w_rate The straight line is parallel to the time axis, let P w，i P on (t) w，i (t)＞P w_rate Is identical to the straight line p=p w_rate The area of the enclosed area is the surplus energy E e，i ，E e，i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein P is e，i (t) is P w，i (t) exceeds P w_rate Is a power value of (2);
2) Cutting off excess energy E e，i Will P w，i (t) correction to P w，i2 (t)，P w，i2 The calculation formula of (t) is:
3) Calculating and setting rated power P w_rate Time average value P of generated power w_av，i2 The calculation formula is as follows:
further, the step S10 specifically includes the following 2 steps:
1) Introducing transient load power P l (t) cutting out the instantaneous load power P in the corresponding period of the ith single wave l，i (t) drawing P in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as the abscissa and power P as the ordinate l，i A time domain plot of (t);
2) Calculating the time-average load power P in the corresponding period of the ith single wave l_av，i The calculation formula is as follows:
further, the step S11 specifically includes the following 2 steps:
1) Comparison P w，i2 (t) and P l，i (t) P w，i2 P on (t) w，i2 (t)＞P l，i One segment of (t) is identical to P l，i Areas 1 and P of the region (t) w，i2 P on (t) w，i2 (t)＜P l，i One segment of (t) is identical to P l，i The difference of the area 2 of the area surrounded by (t) is the charge and discharge quantity E of the electric power storage in the period corresponding to the ith single wave b，i If the area 1 is larger than or equal to the area 2, the charge of the storage battery is represented, and the charge and discharge amount E of the storage battery is represented b，i More than or equal to 0, if the area 1 is less than or equal to the area 2, the storage battery discharges, and the charge and discharge quantity E of the storage battery b，i ＜0；
2) Calculating the charge and discharge quantity E of the electric power storage in the corresponding period of the ith single wave b，i The calculation formula is as follows:
E b，i ＝(P w_av，i2 -P l_av，i )*T i (10)。
further, the step S13 specifically includes the following 4 steps:
1) Calculating the instantaneous electric quantity E of the storage battery b (t) the calculation formula is:
wherein I represents a period of time t falling within the corresponding period of the I single wave;
2) Drawing E on a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and electric quantity E as an ordinate b A time domain curve of (t) in the form of a broken line, the time corresponding to the kth bending point on the curve beingThe corresponding instantaneous electric quantity of the storage battery is +.>
3) Taking E b (t) difference between the upper and lower limits ofMaximum net charge-discharge quantity E of accumulator b_max ；
4) Based on E b_max Calculation of nth group b and P w_rate Corresponding rated capacity E of accumulator b_rate ，E b_max The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
E b_rate ＝ξE b_max (12)
wherein, ζ is the capacity margin coefficient, ζ > 1.
Further, in the step S14, the calculation formula of the total construction cost C of the wave power generation device and the storage battery is as follows:
wherein C is b For the construction cost of the storage battery, C w E is the construction cost of the wave energy power generation device b0 Rated capacity of single battery, c b0 And c b2 The market average price and the installation and transportation cost of the single batteries are respectively, m is the weight of the wave energy generating device which is corresponding to the unit wave facing surface width and removes the three-phase alternating current generator, c w0 、c w1 And c w2 Market average price, processing cost and installation and transportation cost of unit mass steel respectively, c g0 And c g2 Market average price and installation transportation cost of the unit power three-phase alternating-current generator are respectively.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the method, the actual load electricity demand, the designed sea state of the sea area and the model characteristic parameters are comprehensively considered, so that the reliability of a planning result is ensured; the capacities of the wave energy power generation device and the storage battery are planned in a unified way, so that the scientificity and rationality of planning contents are ensured; the cost of the construction stage and the energy supply and demand balance of the operation stage are inspected, so that the planning result can meet the economic requirement and ensure the power supply reliability requirement; on the basis of the known load electricity consumption condition, simulation calculation and capacity planning can be carried out by only utilizing sea state statistical information of a designed sea area and model characteristic parameters of the wave energy power generation device, the planning process is simple and convenient, a large number of real sea state sea tests in the design stage are effectively avoided, and the design period of the wave energy independent power generation system is shortened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of capacity planning of a wave energy independent power generation system in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wave energy independent power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for acquiring a continuous irregular wave time domain waveform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows the wave height H of the ith single wave in the embodiment of the invention i And period T i Is a schematic diagram of the acquisition method.
FIG. 5 shows the time-averaged power P corresponding to the ith single wave in the embodiment of the present invention w_av，i And maximum speed V max，i Is a schematic diagram of the acquisition method.
FIG. 6 shows instantaneous power P generated during the corresponding period of the ith single wave in the embodiment of the present invention w，i Time domain curve of (t), instantaneous load power P l，i Time domain curve of (t) and battery charge-discharge amount E b，i Is a schematic diagram of the acquisition method.
FIG. 7 shows the instantaneous electric quantity E of the storage battery according to the embodiment of the invention b Time domain curve of (t) and maximum net charge-discharge amount E of storage battery b_max Is a schematic diagram of the acquisition method.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The capacity planning method of the wave energy independent power generation system is suitable for all wave energy independent power generation systems, and takes the wave energy independent power generation system shown in fig. 2 as an example, and comprises a wave energy power generation device, a generator outlet three-phase alternating current cable, an uncontrollable three-phase rectifier bridge, a No. 1 capacitor, a Buck-Boost circuit, a direct current bus, a No. 2 capacitor, a passive inverter circuit, a load three-phase alternating current cable, an alternating current load, a bidirectional DC/DC converter, a storage battery, a Buck circuit and a direct current load. The wave energy power generation device is connected with an alternating current side of an uncontrollable rectifier bridge through a three-phase alternating current cable at an outlet of the generator, a direct current side positive electrode of the uncontrollable rectifier bridge is connected with an anode of an input end of a Buck-Boost circuit, a direct current side negative electrode of the uncontrollable rectifier bridge is connected with a cathode of the input end of the Buck-Boost circuit, a 1# capacitor is connected in parallel between the anode and the cathode of the Buck-Boost circuit, an anode of a Buck-Boost output end is connected with a positive electrode of a direct current bus, a cathode of a Buck-Boost output end is connected with a cathode of the direct current bus, a 2# capacitor is connected in parallel between the anode and the cathode of the direct current bus, a direct current side positive electrode of a passive inverter circuit is connected with a cathode of the direct current bus, an alternating current side of the passive inverter circuit is connected with an alternating current load through a three-phase alternating current cable, an input side positive electrode of a bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a positive electrode of the direct current bus, an input side negative electrode of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a negative electrode of the direct current bus, an output side positive electrode of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a positive electrode of the storage battery, an output side of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with a positive electrode of the direct current bus, and an output side of the positive electrode of the direct current converter is connected with a negative electrode of the direct current bus is connected with a positive electrode of the direct current bus, and a negative electrode of the positive side of the load is connected with a positive side of the direct current input side of the direct current circuit is connected with the direct current negative electrode of the direct current circuit is connected with the positive side of the negative input side of the direct current.
The working principle of the wave energy independent power generation system is as follows: three-phase alternating current generated by the wave energy generating device is rectified through an uncontrollable three-phase rectifier bridge and is converted into direct current after being filtered by a No. 1 capacitor, the direct current is reduced or boosted through a Buck-Boost circuit and then enters a direct current bus with stable voltage, an alternating current load acquires electric energy from the direct current bus through a passive inverter circuit, the direct current load acquires electric energy from the direct current bus after being reduced through the Buck circuit, and a storage battery charges and discharges the direct current bus through a bidirectional DC/DC converter; when the generated power of the wave energy power generation device is larger than the power required by the alternating current load and the direct current load after being filtered by the No. 1 capacitor and the No. 2 capacitor, the redundant power charges the storage battery through the direct current bus; when the generated power of the wave energy power generation device is smaller than the power required by the alternating current load and the direct current load after being filtered by the No. 1 capacitor and the No. 2 capacitor, the storage battery discharges to the direct current bus so as to complement the missing power.
A capacity planning method of a wave energy independent power generation system is shown in fig. 1, and specifically comprises the following 16 steps:
s1, randomly extracting a sea state simulation continuous irregular wave time domain waveform according to the occurrence frequency of each sea state in a designed sea state statistics table, wherein the simulation duration is similar to the operation life of a wave energy independent power generation system;
s2, dividing a wave sequence according to the upper zero crossing point to decompose a plurality of single waves, wherein the number of the single waves is recorded as m;
s3, setting the wave-facing surface width b and rated power P of N groups of wave energy power generation devices w_rate ；
S4, let n=1, i=1;
s5, searching for nth group b and P w_rate ；
S6, counting wave height H of ith single wave i And period T i ；
S7, utilizing b of the nth group and a model amplitude response operator RAO m And model capture width ratio CWR m Calculating the time-average power P of the wave power generation device corresponding to the ith single wave w_av，i And maximum speed V max，i ；
S8, utilizing P w_av，i And V max，i Calculating instantaneous power P of wave power generation device corresponding to ith single wave w，i (t), and draw P w，i A time domain plot of (t);
s9, P using the nth group w_rate Cutting off P w，i (t)＞P w_rate Surplus energy E generated during the process e，i And calculates the instantaneous power P after setting the rated power w，i2 (t) and time-average Power P w_av，i2 ；
S10, introducing instantaneous load power P l (t) cutting out the instantaneous load power P in the corresponding period of the ith single wave l，i (t) drawing P l，i (t) calculating the time-average load power P in the corresponding period of the ith single wave l_av，i ；
S11, according to P w，i2 (t) and P l，i (t) calculating the charge and discharge quantity E of the storage battery in the period corresponding to the ith single wave b，i ，E b，i More than or equal to 0 indicates that the storage battery is charged, otherwise indicates that the storage battery is put downElectric power;
s12, judging whether i is smaller than m, if i is smaller than m, i=i+1, returning to S6, otherwise executing S13;
s13, calculating the instantaneous electric quantity E of the storage battery b (t) and draw E b Taking E from the time domain curve of (t) b (t) the difference between the upper and lower limits of the time domain curve is the maximum net charge and discharge amount E of the storage battery b_max Based on E b_max Calculation of nth group b and P w_rate Corresponding rated capacity E of accumulator b_rate ；
S14 based on the nth group b and P w_rate And corresponding E b_rate Calculating the total construction cost C of the corresponding wave energy power generation device and the storage battery;
s15, judging whether N is smaller than N, if N is smaller than N, n=n+1, returning to S5, and if not, executing S16;
s16, comparing and selecting the smallest C in N cases, and using b and P corresponding to the C w_rate ，E b_rate As a result of capacity planning.
The specific implementation process of the step S1 is shown in fig. 3, and includes the following 7 steps:
1) Acquiring a designed sea state statistics table, setting the duration of historical information counted by the designed sea state statistics table as the operation life of the wave energy independent power generation system, and characterizing a sea state in the designed sea state statistics table as a group of specific sense wave height H s And peak period T p Designing each grid in the sea state statistics table of the sea area to represent the occurrence frequency of the corresponding sea state, wherein the sum of the occurrence frequencies of all sea states is 100%;
2) Setting a random number generator, wherein the random number generation area is 0-100;
3) According to the sense wave height H s Re-peak period T p Or peak-first period T p Re-sense wave height H s Each sea state in the sea state statistics table of the designed sea area is traversed, wherein the sea state with the occurrence frequency of 0% is skipped automatically, and the random number generation subareas corresponding to each sea state are set synchronously, and the size of each random number generation subarea is 100 times the occurrence frequency of the corresponding sea state, for example:
1# seaConditions are as follows: sense wave height H s Peak period t=0.5m p =4s, corresponding to the 1# random number generation sub-region: 0 or more, less than 4.3 and 4.3 in size;
sea state No. 2: sense wave height H s Peak period t=1.0m p =4s, corresponding to the 2# random number generation sub-region: 4.3 or more, 6.9 or less, and 2.6 in size;
3# sea state: sense wave height H s Peak period t=0.5m p =6s, corresponding to the 3# random number generation sub-region: 6.9 or more, less than 20.1, and 13.2 in size;
etc.;
26# sea state: sense wave height H s Peak period t=0.5m p =14s, corresponding to the 26# random number generation sub-region: 99.9 or more, 100 or less, and 0.1 in size;
4) Taking 0.5 hour as an example, the running life of the wave energy independent power generation system is equally divided into a plurality of time periods, the duration of each time period is 0.5 hour, a random number sequence in 0-100 is generated by a random number generator according to the sequence of time period serial numbers, and sea conditions corresponding to each time period are selected according to a random number generation subarea where each random number in the random number sequence is located, for example:
1# random number: 11.5, located in the 3# random number generating sub-area, so the 1# period corresponds to the 3# sea state;
number 2 random: 25.5, located in the # 4 random number generating sub-region, so the # 2 period corresponds to the # 4 sea state;
3# random number: 86.3, located in the 12# random number generating sub-area, so the 3# period corresponds to the 12# sea state;
etc.;
5) Using wave spectrum function S ω (omega) simulation of wave height time domain waveform h (t) for each period, wave spectrum function S ω The shape of (omega) is defined by the sense wave height H of each period corresponding to sea conditions s And peak period T p And determining the spectrum type, wherein the simulation duration of the wave height time domain waveform h (t) is slightly more than 0.5 hour, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein M represents dividing the wave frequency ω into M equal parts, Δω is the length of each equal part, ω j Is the average value of all wave frequencies omega in the j (1.ltoreq.j.ltoreq.M) th equal part, pi is the circumference rate, rand j Is omega j A corresponding random number between 0 and 1;
6) The characteristic waveforms of the corresponding time periods are intercepted from the wave height time domain waveform h (T) of each time period, the starting point and the end point of each characteristic waveform are zero points, namely the wave height h=0 point, the wave height h of each point between the starting point and the zero point at the next time in each characteristic waveform is more than 0, the wave height h of each point between the end point and the zero point at the last time in each characteristic waveform is less than 0, the duration of each characteristic waveform is about 0.5 hour, and the absolute value of the positive and negative errors is not higher than the peak period T of the sea state of the corresponding time period p ；
7) And connecting the characteristic waveforms of all the time periods end to end according to the time period sequence to finally form a continuous irregular wave time domain waveform.
The specific implementation process of the step S2 is shown in fig. 4, and includes the following 2 steps:
1) Statistically crossing zero points, namely special zero points in the continuous irregular wave time domain waveform, wherein the wave height h of the point between the zero point and the zero point at the next time is more than 0, or the wave height h of the point between the zero point and the zero point at the last time is less than 0;
2) A section of continuous irregular wave time domain waveform between two adjacent zero crossing points is taken as a single wave, the continuous irregular wave time domain waveform is divided into a plurality of single waves, the number of the single waves is recorded as m, and all the single waves form a wave sequence in time sequence.
The specific implementation process of the step S6 is shown in fig. 4, and includes the following 3 steps:
1) Determining the ith single wave which is a zero crossing point a on the ith single wave i And the (i+1) th zero crossing point a i+1 A section of continuous irregular wave time domain waveform in between;
2) Calculating wave height H of ith single wave i Wave height H i Is the difference between the highest peak wave height value and the lowest peak wave height value in the ith single wave；
3) Calculate the period T of the ith single wave i Period T i Is the time period passed by the ith single wave.
The specific implementation process of the step S7 is shown in fig. 5, and includes the following 3 steps:
1) Obtaining different regular wave test periods T through numerical water tank simulation or physical water tank experiment rm Model amplitude response operator RAO of model prototype of wave power generation device m And model capture width ratio CWR m And during test period T with regular wave rm Drawing a model amplitude response operator RAO in a rectangular coordinate system of an abscissa m And model capture width ratio CWR m The width of the wave-facing surface of the model prototype of the wave power generation device is b m ；
2) According to the Froude similarity criterion, a model amplitude response operator RAO corresponding to a model prototype of the wave power generation device model is obtained m Model capture width ratio CWR m And regular wave test period T rm Converted into amplitude response operator RAO corresponding to wave energy power generation device, capture width ratio CWR and regular wave period T r At regular wave period T r Drawing a curve of an amplitude response operator RAO and a capture width ratio CWR in a rectangular coordinate system of an abscissa, wherein the conversion relation is as follows:
wherein λ=b/b m ；
3) Regarding the ith single wave as a regular wave, calculating the time-average power P of the wave power generation device corresponding to the ith single wave based on the windward wave surface width b, the amplitude response operator RAO and the curve of the capture width ratio CWR w_av，i And maximum speed V max，i The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein RAO is as follows i And CWR i Representing T r ＝T i The amplitude response operator RAO and capture width ratio CWR, J i Representing T i And H i The following regular wave energy density has the expression:
wherein ρ is sea water density and g is gravitational acceleration.
The specific implementation process of the step S8 is shown in fig. 6, and includes the following 2 steps:
1) Treating PTO as linear damping R PTO According to P w_av，i And V max，i Estimating the instantaneous power P corresponding to the ith single wave w，i (t) the specific formula is as follows:
wherein t is time;
2) Drawing the instant power P corresponding to the ith single wave in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and power P as an ordinate w，i A time domain curve of (t), the curve being w-shaped.
The specific implementation process of the step S9 is shown in fig. 6, and includes the following 3 steps:
1) Drawing a straight line p=p in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and power P as an ordinate w_rate The straight line is parallel to the time axis, let P w，i P on (t) w，i (t)＞P w_rate Is identical to the straight line p=p w_rate The area of the enclosed area is the surplus energy E e，i ，E e，i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein P is e，i (t) is P w，i (t) exceeds P w_rate Is a power value of (2);
2) Cutting off excess energy E e，i Will P w，i (t) correction to P w，i2 (t)，P w，i2 The calculation formula of (t) is:
3) Calculating and setting rated power P w_rate Time average value P of generated power w_av，i2 The calculation formula is as follows:
the specific implementation process of the step S10 is shown in fig. 6, and includes the following 2 steps:
1) Introducing transient load power P l (t) cutting out the instantaneous load power P in the corresponding period of the ith single wave l，i (t) drawing P in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as the abscissa and power P as the ordinate l，i A time domain plot of (t);
2) Calculating the time-average load power P in the corresponding period of the ith single wave l_av，i The calculation formula is as follows:
the specific implementation process of the step S11 is shown in fig. 6, and includes the following 2 steps:
1) Comparison P w，i2 (t) and P l，i (t) P w，i2 P on (t) w，i2 (t)＞P l，i One segment of (t) is identical to P l，i Areas 1 and P of the region (t) w，i2 P on (t) w，i2 (t)＜P l，i One segment of (t) is identical to P l，i The difference of the area 2 of the area surrounded by (t) is the charge and discharge quantity E of the electric power storage in the period corresponding to the ith single wave b，i If area 1 is equal to or greater than area 2, this indicates accumulationBattery charge, charge and discharge amount E of electric storage b，i More than or equal to 0, if the area 1 is less than or equal to the area 2, the storage battery discharges, and the charge and discharge quantity E of the storage battery b，i After less than 0, the area of each offset of the area 1 and the area 2 is E cs，i And E is cd，i Representing the energy stored and released by a No. 1 capacitor and a No. 2 capacitor of the wave energy independent power generation system in the corresponding period of the ith single wave;
2) Electric power storage charge/discharge capacity E in the corresponding period of the ith single wave b，i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
E b，i ＝(P w_av，i2 -P l_av，i )*T i (10)。
the specific implementation process of S13 is shown in fig. 7, and specifically includes the following 4 steps:
1) Calculating the instantaneous electric quantity E of the storage battery b (t) the calculation formula is:
wherein I represents a period of time t falling within the corresponding period of the I single wave;
2) Drawing E on a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and electric quantity E as an ordinate b A time domain curve of (t) in the form of a broken line, the time corresponding to the kth bending point on the curve beingThe corresponding instantaneous electric quantity of the storage battery is +.>
3) Taking E b The difference between the upper and lower limits of (t) is the maximum net charge and discharge amount E of the storage battery b_max ；
4) Based on E b_max Calculation of nth group b and P w_rate Corresponding rated capacity E of accumulator b_rate ，E b_max The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
E b_rate ＝ξE b_max (12)
wherein, ζ is the capacity margin coefficient, ζ > 1.
In the step S14, the calculation formula of the total construction cost C of the wave energy power generation device and the storage battery is as follows:
wherein C is b For the construction cost of the storage battery, C w E is the construction cost of the wave energy power generation device b0 Rated capacity of single battery, c b0 And c b2 The market average price and the installation and transportation cost of the single batteries are respectively, m is the weight of the wave energy generating device which is corresponding to the unit wave facing surface width and removes the three-phase alternating current generator, c w0 、c w1 And c w2 Market average price, processing cost and installation and transportation cost of unit mass steel respectively, c g0 And c g2 Market average price and installation transportation cost of the unit power three-phase alternating-current generator are respectively.
According to the method, the actual load electricity demand, the designed sea state of the sea area and the model characteristic parameters are comprehensively considered, so that the reliability of a planning result is ensured; the capacities of the wave energy power generation device and the storage battery are planned in a unified way, so that the scientificity and rationality of planning contents are ensured; the cost of the construction stage and the energy supply and demand balance of the operation stage are inspected, so that the planning result can meet the economic requirement and ensure the power supply reliability requirement; on the basis of the known load electricity consumption condition, simulation calculation and capacity planning can be carried out by only utilizing sea state statistical information of a designed sea area and model characteristic parameters of the wave energy power generation device, the planning process is simple and convenient, a large number of real sea state sea tests in the design stage are effectively avoided, and the design period of the wave energy independent power generation system is shortened.
It will be understood that modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. A capacity planning method of a wave energy independent power generation system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: model amplitude response operator RAO of model prototype of wave power generation device by using sea state statistical information of designed sea area m And model capture width ratio CWR m Calculating a time domain curve of instantaneous power generation of the wave power generation device, and planning the wave-facing surface width b and rated power generation P of the wave power generation device based on the time domain curve of instantaneous power generation and the time domain curve of instantaneous load power with the aim of minimizing the total construction cost C of the wave power generation device and the storage battery w_rate Rated capacity E of storage battery b_rate ；
Comprises the steps of,
s1, randomly extracting a sea state simulation continuous irregular wave time domain waveform according to the occurrence frequency of each sea state in sea state statistics data of a designed sea area, wherein the simulation duration is similar to the operation life of a wave energy independent power generation system;
s2, dividing a wave sequence according to the upper zero crossing point to decompose a plurality of single waves, wherein the number of the single waves is recorded as m;
s3, setting the wave-facing surface width b and rated power P of N groups of wave energy power generation devices w_rate ；
S4, let n=1, i=1;
s5, searching for nth group b and P w_rate ；
S6, counting wave height H of ith single wave i And period T i ；
S7, utilizing b of the nth group and a model amplitude response operator RAO m And model capture width ratio CWR m Calculating the time-average power P of the wave power generation device corresponding to the ith single wave w_av,i And maximum speed V max,i ；
S8, utilizing P w_av,i And V max,i Calculating instantaneous power P of wave power generation device corresponding to ith single wave w,i (t), and draw P w,i A time domain plot of (t);
s9, P using the nth group w_rate Cutting off P w,i (t)＞P w_rate Surplus energy E generated during the process e,i And is combined withCalculating instantaneous power P after setting rated power w,i2 (t) and time-average Power P w_av,i2 ；
S10, introducing instantaneous load power P l (t) cutting out the instantaneous load power P in the corresponding period of the ith single wave l,i (t) drawing P l,i (t) calculating the time-average load power P in the corresponding period of the ith single wave l_av,i ；
S11, according to P w,i2 (t) and P l,i (t) calculating the charge and discharge quantity E of the storage battery in the period corresponding to the ith single wave b,i ，E b,i 0 is more than or equal to the charging of the storage battery, otherwise, the discharging is indicated;
s12, judging whether i is smaller than m, if i is smaller than m, i=i+1, returning to S6, otherwise executing S13;
s13, calculating the instantaneous electric quantity E of the storage battery b (t) and draw E b Taking E from the time domain curve of (t) b (t) the difference between the upper and lower limits of the time domain curve is the maximum net charge and discharge amount E of the storage battery b_max Based on E b_max Calculation of nth group b and P w_rate Corresponding rated capacity E of accumulator b_rate ；
S14 based on the nth group b and P w_rate Corresponding E b_rate Calculating the total construction cost C of the corresponding wave energy power generation device and the storage battery;
s15, judging whether N is smaller than N, if N is smaller than N, n=n+1, returning to S5, and if not, executing S16;
s16, comparing and selecting the smallest C under N conditions, and using b and P corresponding to the C w_rate 、E b_rate As a capacity planning result;
in step S7, comprising the steps of,
1) Obtaining different regular wave test periods T through numerical water tank simulation or physical water tank experiment rm Model amplitude response operator RAO of model prototype of wave power generation device m And model capture width ratio CWR m And during test period T with regular wave rm Drawing a model amplitude response operator RAO in a rectangular coordinate system of an abscissa m And model capture width ratio CWR m The width of the wave-facing surface of the model prototype of the wave power generation device is b m ；
2) According to the Froude similarity criterion, a model amplitude response operator RAO corresponding to a model prototype of the wave power generation device model is obtained m Model capture width ratio CWR m And regular wave test period T rm Converted into amplitude response operator RAO corresponding to wave energy power generation device, capture width ratio CWR and regular wave period T r And at regular wave period T r Drawing a curve of an amplitude response operator RAO and a capture width ratio CWR in a rectangular coordinate system of an abscissa, wherein the conversion relationship is that,
wherein λ=b/b m ；
3) Regarding the ith single wave as a regular wave, calculating the time-average power P of the wave power generation device corresponding to the ith single wave based on the windward wave surface width b, the amplitude response operator RAO and the curve of the capture width ratio CWR w_av,i And maximum speed V max,i The calculation formula is that,
wherein RAO is as follows i And CWR i Representing T r ＝T i The amplitude response operator RAO and capture width ratio CWR, J i Representing T i And H i The lower regular wave energy density, expressed as,
wherein ρ is sea water density and g is gravitational acceleration.
2. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 1, wherein: in step S1, comprising the steps of,
1) Acquiring sea state statistics of the designed sea area, wherein the duration of the history information counted by the sea state statistics is set as the operation life of the wave energy independent power generation system, and one sea state in the sea state statistics is characterized as a specific sense wave height H s And peak period T p Each grid in the sea state statistics data represents the occurrence frequency of the corresponding sea state, and the sum of the occurrence frequencies of all sea states is 100%;
2) Setting a random number generator, wherein the random number generation area is 0-100;
3) According to the sense wave height H s Re-peak period T p Or peak-first period T p Re-sense wave height H s Sequentially traversing and designing all sea states in a sea state statistics table of a sea area, wherein sea states with the occurrence frequency of 0% are automatically skipped, random number generation subareas corresponding to all sea states are synchronously arranged, and the size of each random number generation subarea is 100 times the occurrence frequency of the corresponding sea state;
4) Equally dividing the operation life of the wave energy independent power generation system into a plurality of time periods, generating a random number sequence in 0-100 according to the sequence of time period serial numbers by utilizing a random number generator, and selecting sea conditions corresponding to each time period according to a random number generation subarea in which each random number in the random number sequence is positioned;
5) Using wave spectrum function S ω (omega) simulation of wave height time domain waveform h (t) for each period, wave spectrum function S ω The shape of (omega) is defined by the sense wave height H of each period corresponding to sea conditions s And peak period T p And the spectrum type is determined, the simulation time length of the wave height time domain waveform h (t) is slightly longer than the time length of the corresponding time period, the calculation formula of h (t) is as follows,
wherein M represents dividing the wave frequency ω into M equal parts, Δω is the length of each equal part, ω j Is the average value of all wave frequencies omega in the j (1.ltoreq.j.ltoreq.M) equal part, pi is the circumference ratio,rand j is omega j A corresponding random number between 0 and 1;
6) The characteristic waveform of the corresponding time period is cut out from the wave height time domain waveform h (t) of each time period, the starting point and the end point of each characteristic waveform are zero points, namely the wave height h=0 point, and the wave height h of each point between the starting point and the zero point at the next time in each characteristic waveform>0, wave height h of each point between the end point and the zero point at the last moment in each characteristic waveform<0, the duration of each characteristic waveform is about the duration of the corresponding period, and the absolute value of the positive and negative errors is not higher than the peak period T of the sea state of the corresponding period p ；
7) And connecting the characteristic waveforms of all the time periods end to end according to the time period sequence to finally form a continuous irregular wave time domain waveform.
3. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 1, wherein: in step S2, comprising the steps of,
1) Statistically crossing zero points, namely a special zero point in the continuous irregular wave time domain waveform, wherein the wave height h of a point between the zero point and the zero point at the next time is more than 0, or the wave height h of a point between the zero point and the zero point at the last time is less than 0;
2) A section of continuous irregular wave time domain waveform between two adjacent zero crossing points is taken as a single wave, the continuous irregular wave time domain waveform is divided into a plurality of single waves, the number of the single waves is recorded as m, and all the single waves form a wave sequence in time sequence.
4. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 1, wherein: in step S6, comprising the steps of,
1) Determining the ith single wave which is a zero crossing point a on the ith single wave i And the (i+1) th zero crossing point a i+1 A section of continuous irregular wave time domain waveform in between;
2) Calculating wave height H of ith single wave i Wave height H i Is the difference between the highest peak wave height value and the lowest peak wave height value on the ith single wave;
3) Meter with a meter bodyCalculate the period T of the ith single wave i Period T i Is the time period passed by the ith single wave.
5. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 1, wherein: in step S8, comprising the steps of,
1) Treating PTO as linear damping R PTO According to P w_av,i And V max,i Estimating the instantaneous power P corresponding to the ith single wave w,i (t) the specific formula is as follows,
wherein t represents time;
2) Drawing the instant power P corresponding to the ith single wave in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and power P as an ordinate w,i A time domain curve of (t), the curve being w-shaped.
6. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 1, wherein: in step S9, comprising the steps of,
1) Drawing a straight line p=p in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and power P as an ordinate w_rate The straight line is parallel to the time axis, let P w,i P on (t) w,i (t)＞P w_rate Is identical to the straight line p=p w_rate The area of the enclosed area is the surplus energy E e,i ，E e,i The calculation formula of (a) is as follows,
wherein P is e,i (t) is P w,i (t) exceeds P w_rate Is a power value of (2);
2) Cutting off excess energy E e,i Will P w,i (t) correction to P w,i2 (t)，P w,i2 The calculation formula of (t) is as follows,
3) Calculating and setting rated power P w_rate Time average value P of generated power w_av,i2 ，P w_av,i2 The calculation formula of (a) is as follows,
7. the wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 1, wherein: in step S10, comprising the steps of,
1) Introducing transient load power P l (t) cutting out the instantaneous load power P in the corresponding period of the ith single wave l,i (t) drawing P in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as the abscissa and power P as the ordinate l,i A time domain plot of (t);
2) Calculating the time-average load power P in the corresponding period of the ith single wave l_av,i The calculation formula is that,
8. the wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 1, wherein: in step S11, comprising the steps of,
1) Comparison P w,i2 (t) and P l,i (t) P w,i2 P on (t) w,i2 (t)＞P l,i One segment of (t) is identical to P l,i Areas 1 and P of the region (t) w,i2 P on (t) w,i2 (t)＜P l,i One segment of (t) is identical to P l,i The difference of the area 2 of the area surrounded by (t) is the charge and discharge of the electric power storage in the period corresponding to the ith single waveQuantity E b,i If the area 1 is larger than or equal to the area 2, the charge of the storage battery is represented, and the charge and discharge amount E of the storage battery is represented b,i 0 or more, if area 1<Less than area 2, discharge of accumulator, charge and discharge quantity E of accumulator b,i ＜0；
2) Calculating the charge and discharge quantity E of the electric power storage in the corresponding period of the ith single wave b,i The calculation formula is that,
E b,i ＝(P w_av,i2 -P l_av,i )*T i (10)。
9. the wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 1, wherein: in step S13, including the following steps,
1) Calculating the instantaneous electric quantity E of the storage battery b (t) the calculation formula is as follows,
wherein I represents a period of time t falling within the corresponding period of the I single wave;
2) Drawing E on a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and electric quantity E as an ordinate b A time domain curve of (t) in the form of a broken line, the time corresponding to the kth bending point on the curve beingThe corresponding instantaneous electric quantity of the storage battery is +.>
3) Taking E b The difference between the upper and lower limits of (t) is the maximum net charge and discharge amount E of the storage battery b_max ；
4) Based on E b_max Calculation of nth group b and P w_rate Corresponding rated capacity E of accumulator b_rate ，E b_max The calculation formula of (a) is as follows,
E b_rate ＝ξE b_max (12)
wherein, ζ is the capacity margin coefficient, ζ > 1.
10. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 1, wherein: in step S14, the total construction cost C of the wave power generation device and the storage battery is calculated as,
wherein C is b For the construction cost of the storage battery, C w E is the construction cost of the wave energy power generation device b0 Rated capacity of single battery, c b0 And c b2 The market average price and the installation and transportation cost of the single batteries are respectively, m is the weight of the wave energy generating device which is corresponding to the unit wave facing surface width and removes the three-phase alternating current generator, c w0 、c w1 And c w2 Market average price, processing cost and installation and transportation cost of unit mass steel respectively, c g0 And c g2 Market average price and installation transportation cost of the unit power three-phase alternating-current generator are respectively.
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CN104701871A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-06-10 国家电网公司 Wind, light and water-containing multi-source complementary micro-grid hybrid energy storage capacity optimal proportion method
CN105863940A (en) * 2016-05-17 2016-08-17 中国海洋大学 Combined wave power generation device provided with oscillating buoys as well as measurement and control system and method of device

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