CN109094381A - A kind of orderly charging method of electric automobile charging station - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of orderly charging methods of electric automobile charging station, comprising the following steps: firstly, obtaining the charge requirement of electric car by the battery management system on electric car；Tou power price is formulated then according to charge requirement and system running state, independently corresponding tou power price, determining charging are planned by user；Finally use Monte carlo algorithm analog subscriber charge requirement, distribution transformer load, charging station operation economic benefit and user charging cost of the prediction electric automobile charging station in orderly charging and two kinds of unordered charging.The present invention is on the basis of comprehensively considering the charge requirement and horizontal network load of user, using peak load shifting as target, the tou power price period of intervention charging station electric car is dynamically solved using heuritic approach, and it can be used for the orderly charge control of extensive electric automobile charging station from main response by user.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to smart grid field, in particular to a kind of orderly charging method of electric automobile charging station.
Background technique
In recent years, global energy crisis becomes increasingly conspicuous, atmosphere pollution, global warning harm constantly aggravate, people
The concern of energy and environment problem is also continuously improved.Automobile is the important vehicles of people, and orthodox car is mainly with combustion
Oily mode provides energy resource supply, has the shortcomings that high energy consumption, high pollution, orthodox car industry are pushing the same of economic development mostly
When, also exacerbate energy shortages and environmental degradation problem.Alleviate increasingly serious energy crisis and air pollution problems inherent, it is necessary to
Energy conservation, the clean vehicles are greatly developed in traffic transport industry.Electric car is subtracted with its significant fuel oil substitution and energy conservation
Row's advantage is by worldwide attention.Electric car avoids consumption and the tail gas of petroleum using electric energy as driving dynamics
Discharge, while there are also the feature that noise is low, energy efficiency is high, easy to maintenance, therefore, Development of EV is to solve the energy instantly
With the effective way of environmental problem.But large-scale electric car access is by the operation to power grid and plans the huge shadow of generation
It rings.Especially a large amount of accesses of electric car, further exacerbate the peak valley difference value of power grid, and be unfavorable for power grid stablizes safety
Operation.If the method for effectively taking tou power price, the tou power price method that the spontaneous response charging station of guidance user is formulated not only may be used
To reduce user cost, stability of power system can be improved with peak load shifting.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of orderly charging method of electric automobile charging station.
The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows: a kind of orderly charging method of electric automobile charging station, including with
Lower step:
Step 1, by access charging station electric car on battery management system, obtain electric car relevant information,
Collect battery capacity, the current state-of-charge of battery；
It needs that client is allowed to inform residence time and visitor expected from this electric car of charge control system in charging station in advance
Desired electric car SOC level when family is left.It is about with the charge requirement of electric car and distribution transformer load nonoverload
Beam condition, and using this parameter as the effective means of rational tou power price.
Step 2: formulating tou power price according to the charge requirement and system running state of collection, independently being rung according to user
It answers, determines charging plan.
Electric automobile charging station will for the purpose of, peak load shifting optimal by expense, can sufficiently meet client's charging requirement with
And under conditions of the transformer nonoverload of charging station, tou power price is adjusted at any time.And it independently selects to charge by user
After mode, the charging plan of electric car is arranged, is greater than the specified charge power of the vehicle in the charging load margin of each period
When, guarantee electric car charging process continuity to greatest extent, to reduce orderly charging to charger and power battery
Negative effect.The average charge cost of charging station operation purchases strategies and user is significantly reduced simultaneously.
Step 3: carrying out simulation comparison to the power demand of user by using monte carlo method.
Using heuritic approach, i.e. monte carlo method simulates user's charging situation, orderly in charging station to it
It is analyzed with the operation cost in the case of unordered two kinds, prediction uses transient state tou power price method, can be substantially reduced charging
Operation cost of standing and user's own cost effectively realize charging load peak load shifting, realize the stabilization of power grid.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage are as follows: 1) charging that method of the invention comprehensively considers user needs
On the basis of network load of summing is horizontal, using peak load shifting as target, intervention charging station is dynamically solved using heuritic approach
The tou power price period of electric car, and can be used for the orderly charging of extensive electric automobile charging station from main response by user
Control.2) method of the invention is with peak load shifting, and optimal expense is target, by user from main response, to realize charging station
Interior electric car orderly charges.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the orderly charging method flow chart of electric automobile charging station of the invention.
Fig. 2 is orderly charge control flow chart in charging station.
Fig. 3 is the load chart in the case of orderly and unordered two kinds of the charging of electric car.
Representative meaning is numbered in figure are as follows: 1 is the charge requirement in order to obtain user, collects its battery capacity and electricity
The current state-of-charge in pond, 2 be dynamically to formulate tou power price from main response according to user, determines charging plan, and 3 be special with covering
Carlow method analog subscriber demand.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with attached drawing, the orderly charging method of a kind of electric automobile charging station of the invention, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, the battery capacity and the current state-of-charge of battery for obtaining electric car；Client is collected simultaneously to charge
Desired electric car SOC level when residence time expected from charge control system and client leave in standing
Step 2, according to charge requirement and system running state, formulate tou power price；Specifically:
Determine that system counts the T to stop in the vehicle from present periodiIn a period, charge load margin Mt(t=1,
2,...,Ti) it is greater than PiNumber Hi:
Hi=| Ai|, Ai=t | Mt≥Pi, t=1 ..., Ti}
Wherein, | Ai| it is set AiInterior element number；
If Hi<Ji, then explanation asks interior that system is unable to satisfy the charge requirement of user's input, really when the electric car is stopped
Determining system can maximum batteries of electric automobile state-of-charge met
If Hi≥Ji, then explanation is in the electric car berthing time when initiation of charge of the system tunable electric car
Section, on the basis of meeting user's charge requirement, realizes peak load shifting to the maximum extent, determines low ebb electricity price according to following formula
Start periods:
And the start periods of low ebb electricity price are adjusted according to the following formula:
In formula,
Step 3, according to user from main response, determine charging plan；Specifically:
Determine the periodThe charging electricity price of interior user is paddy electricity electricity price plRemaining period charging electricity price
For peak electricity tariff ph；
If selection immediately begins to charge, arrange the electric car since the next period one by one to inductive charging load
Nargin Mt≥PiPeriod charging, until arrange JiUntil a period；Simultaneously by the charging load margin of corresponding charge period
(Aj×ST× λ) it is updated to (Aj×ST×λ-Pi)；
If selection is delayed to paddy electricity electricity price and starts to charge, arrange the electric car fromStart, one by one in correspondence
Charge load margin Mt≥PiPeriod charging, until arrange JiUntil a period；The charging of corresponding charge period is born simultaneously
Lotus nargin is from (Aj×ST× λ) it updates and arrives (Aj×ST×λ-Pi)。
Step 4, using monte carlo method, analog subscriber power demand completes electric automobile charging station and orderly charges.Tool
Body are as follows:
Firstly, enter the automobile user charge requirement of charging station charging in simulation one day, and in orderly charging and
Under unordered charging both of which, statistical item such as table 1:
1 statistical information of table
Secondly, superposition conventional load and electric car charging load obtain under orderly charging and two kinds of situations of unordered charging
Daily load curve and conventional load curve；
Finally, obtaining the charging scheme of electric automobile charging station according to above- mentioned information.
On the basis of method of the invention comprehensively considers charge requirement and the network load level of user, it is with peak load shifting
Target, the tou power price period of intervention charging station electric car is dynamically solved using heuritic approach, and is independently rung by user
It answers, can be used for the orderly charge control of extensive electric automobile charging station.
It is described in more detail below.
The invention proposes a kind of orderly charging methods of electric automobile charging station, comprise the steps that
Step 1: the battery management system on the electric car for passing through access charging station, the battery for obtaining electric car holds
Measure BiAnd the current state-of-charge of batteryCollect client in charging station the residence time expected from charge control system and
Desired electric car SOC level when client leaves
Step 2: formulating tou power price according to the charge requirement and system running state of collection, independently being rung according to user
It answers, determines charging plan.
If the specified charge power of (i=1,2 ..., N) number charger is P i-th in charging stationi, the every 15min change of system
System state of charge.In 15min, the charge characteristic of lithium battery is considered, it is assumed that charging process is invariable power PiCharging, then for
The electric car for accessing No. i-th charger of charging station, charges toThe charging time section number needed is Ji, the electric car
Down time number of segment is TiIt is respectively calculated as follows:
In formula: △ t is the time span (being taken as 15min) of a period；η is the charge efficiency of charger；It is not small
In the smallest positive integral of x；For the maximum integer no more than x.
If the rated capacity of transformer is ST, according to its history conventional load (its in addition to electric car charges load
His load) data, future can be predicted for 24 hours every the load power of 15min.Use AjIt indicates to permit in j-th of period in one day
Perhaps the ratio for the power station transformer capacity that charging station charges to electric car, AjThe value between [0,1].For being furnished with
The electric automobile charging station of dedicated transformer ignores station electricity consumption and is approximately considered Aj≡ 1, then can in j-th of period in one day
Charging load margin for electric car charging is Aj×ST。
The electricity price information on the charging station same day mainly includes charging station from the electricity price of power grid power purchase and to access charger i (i=
1,2 ..., N) the charging electricity price collected of automobile user, use c respectivelyjMember/(kWh) and pijFirst (kWh) indicates ((j
=1,2 ..., 96)).Section is then asked at j-th, charging station often earns (p to automobile user charging 1kWhij-cj) member.?
In the research of this paper, charge electricity price cjFor time-of-use tariffs, corresponding peak electricity tariff is ch, low ebb electricity price is cl.For charger i
On user electricity price pijIt also is tou power price, corresponding peak electricity tariff is ph, low ebb electricity price is pl.In view of being filled in charging station
The construction cost and operation cost of electric equipment, the peak electricity tariff collected to user should be higher than that corresponding peak purchase electricity price, user
The ratio of peak electricity tariff and low ebb electricity price can be adjusted by charging station operator according to the actual effect of user response.Generally, originally
Text sets ph=Kch,ph=Lcl, wherein K, L > 1.In addition, user undertakes the fairness of charging expense when to guarantee to formulate electricity price,
If user in white main response tou power price low ebb electricity price it is lasting when ask that the proportions constant asked when continuing with parking, the ratio are set
For D.
Whenever electric car access new in charging station, charging station operation system is white dynamic according to charging pile operation shape in standing
System information is updated to next 15min and controls time point by state, and calculate first this electric car it is corresponding needed for charging when
Between number of segment Ji, down time number of segment TiThe T left in the vehicle is counted from present period with systemiCharging load in a period
Nargin Mt(t=1,2 ..., Ti):
Mt=AtSTλ, t=1 ..., Ti (3)
λ is the power factor of charging load in formula.If the M of corresponding periodt≥Pi, i.e., the electronic vapour can be arranged in the period
Vehicle charging, otherwise can not arrange the electric car to charge in the period.MrIt is worth the bigger charging load margin for indicating the corresponding period
It is bigger.Charging station be realize peak load shifting purpose, can by charging the biggish slot setup paddy electricity electricity price of load margin with
Guidance electric car charges, and achievees the purpose that orderly to charge.
Before formulating the preferential tou power price period towards the user, can system can be prejudged meet the electronic vapour
The charge requirement of vehicle.The T to stop in the vehicle can be counted from present period by computing systemiIn a period, charging load is abundant
Spend Mt(t=1,2 ..., Ti) it is greater than PiNumber HiIt realizes:
Hi=| Ai|, Ai=t | Mt≥Pi, t=1 ..., Ti} (4)
Wherein, | Ai| it is set AiInterior element number.
If Hi<JiIn then explanation is asked when the electric car is stopped, system is unable to satisfy the charge requirement of user's input.From
And can be calculated when user leaves, system can maximum batteries of electric automobile state-of-charge met
Since the electric car needs to charge always in berthing time, charging station can prompt custom system maximum can meet
Battery charge stateAnd prompt user by peak electricity tariff phIt charges, chooses whether to receive charging by the white master of user
It services or abandons to service.If user receives charging service, arrange electric car in charging load margin Mt(t=1,2 ..., Ti)
Greater than PiPeriod charge, and will charge load margin (A in the corresponding periodj×ST× λ) it is updated to (Aj×ST×λ-Pi)。
If Hi≥Ji, then explanation is in the electric car berthing time when initiation of charge of the system tunable electric car
Section, on the basis of meeting user's charge requirement, realizes peak load shifting to the maximum extent.Therefore, charging station orderly charges coordination
The continuous J of system initial optioniThe minimum value of the maximum start periods of the sum of a load margin is the start periods of low ebb electricity price.Tool
Body, system according to following expression primary Calculation low ebb electricity price start periods:
Consider fromPeriod starts when the electric car leaves, and J is not presentiA period, corresponding charge was born
Lotus nargin Mt≥PiThe case where, then it needs to adjust low ebb electricity price start periods to there is J thereafteriPeriod is abundant to inductive charging load
Spend Mt≥PiPosition, to ensure that the SOC of electric car can be charged to required water by user's system after responding low ebb electricity price
It is flat.Specifically, it can be adjusted according to start periods of the following expression to low ebb electricity price:
In formula,
After the low ebb electricity price initial phase adjusted is calculated, the period is determinedInterior user
Charging electricity price be paddy electricity electricity price plRemaining period charges electricity price as peak electricity tariff phTo prompt user.It is independently selected by user vertical
It starts to charge, or is delayed to paddy electricity electricity price and starts to charge.
If user's selection immediately begins to charge, arrange the electric car since the next period one by one to inductive charging
Load margin Mt≥PiPeriod charging, until arrange JiUntil a period.It is simultaneously that the charging load of corresponding charge period is abundant
Spend (Aj×ST× λ) it is updated to (Aj×ST×λ-Pi)。
If user's selection is delayed to paddy electricity electricity price and starts to charge, arrange the electric car fromStart, exists one by one
To inductive charging load margin Mt≥PiPeriod charging, until arrange JiUntil a period.Filling corresponding charge period simultaneously
Electric load nargin is from (Aj×ST× λ) it updates and arrives (Aj×ST×λ-Pi)。
Above-mentioned calculating process is when each automobile accesses, one-time calculation output, after independently selecting charge mode by user
The charging plan for arranging electric car, when the charging load margin of each period is greater than the specified charge power of this vehicle, most
Guarantee to limits that electric car charging process is continuous, charger and power battery are born in charging to reduce orderly charging
Face is rung.
Orderly charge control flow chart is as shown in Figure 2 in its charging station.After recharging station obtains user's charge requirement information,
According to the charge requirement situation of the charging load margin and the user of system, when dynamic formulates the tou power price of access electric car
Section simultaneously prompts user, by user from after main response, that is, can determine the charging plan for changing electric car.
Step 3: using monte carlo method, analog subscriber power demand.
According to the charging behavior distribution parameter of electric car, multiple electric car charging day demand datas are randomly generated, and
The calculating of two kinds of situations of orderly charge control and unordered charging is carried out to the charging process of electric car.
Scene and parameter setting are carried out first, and under unordered charged condition, charging station provides for the electric car newly entered
Continue charging service, it is same to stop charging if batteries of electric automobile fills with before this until user leaves.
In the case, charging station may be because the access of a large amount of electric cars, and distribution transformer is caused to overload, it is also possible to because of user
Demand it is urgent, charging always even if there is electric car, but when leaving power battery can not full of the case where.
Multiple electronic vapour are randomly generated according to electric car charging behavior distribution parameter using Monte Carlo simulation method
Vehicle charging day demand data, and the meter of two kinds of situations of orderly charge control and unordered charging is carried out to the charging process of electric car
It calculates.
The automobile user charge requirement for entering charging station charging in one day is simulated first, and in orderly charging and nothing
Sequence charges under both of which, counting statistics project such as table 1.
1 statistical information of table
Superposition conventional load and electric car charging load obtain the day under two kinds of situations of orderly charging and unordered charging
Load curve and conventional load curve.Under unordered charge mode, a large amount of electric cars concentrate on charging at dusk, with power grid original night
Between load peak be overlapped, be further exacerbated by system peak valley difference value, peak load reaches 1.3 times of transformer capacity, will affect change
The safe operation of depressor, under orderly charge mode, electric car charging load is effectively uniformly transferred to night dip charging, real
Peak load shifting is showed.
2 simulation result of table
Seen from the simulation results such as table 2, orderly charging significantly reduces the operation cost of charging station, by efficiently using night
Between low ebb electricity price charge to electric car, day purchases strategies reduce about 48.7%.For automobile user, electronic vapour
Automobile-used family reduces about 33% by response low ebb tou power price, average charge cost.Meanwhile under orderly charge mode, fill
Power station is by calling orderly charging strategy to improve charging station day profit 5.3%.In general, order-disorder is observed by Fig. 3 to fill
Load curve in the case of two kinds of electricity compares more unordered charge mode, by using the plan that orderly charges in the charging station proposed
Slightly, effectively peak load shifting, realizes the multi-win of grid company, user and charging station operator.Under orderly charge mode, point
When rate period calculation method using heuristic, it is only 0.001s that average per period, which calculates the time, is suitable for extensive electronic vapour
Vehicle orderly charges On-line Control.
Using the tou power price period formulating method proposed, guaranteeing client's charge requirement and system transformer load not
On the basis of overload, the peak load shifting of electric car charging load in standing can be effectively realized, and significantly reduce charging station operation
The average charge cost of purchases strategies and user, realizes the multi-win between power grid, electric automobile charging station and user.Using opening
Hairdo algorithm can greatly speed up the efficiency of calculating, be suitable for the online use of extensive electric automobile charging station.It is proposed is orderly filled
Electric control method by user from main response, assign by one-time calculation, low to charging station operation system communicating requirement, to greatest extent
It keeps charging process continuous, reduces orderly negative effect of the charging to charger and user's power battery, be easy to be electrically charged station
Received with automobile user.The probability orderly to charge is participated in by adjusting user, low ebb electricity price duration accounts for parking duration
Ratio and time-of-use tariffs ratio, influence of the Parameters variation to system operation result is analyzed in quantitative study, wherein especially charging station
Operation day profit is affected by these parameter settings, need to comprehensively consider automobile user or not practical application
Carry out dynamically-adjusting parameter setting with the respondent behavior under electricity price and duration parameters setting, to realize grid company, charging station operation
The best win-win of quotient and automobile user.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of orderly charging method of electric automobile charging station, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the battery capacity and the current state-of-charge of battery for obtaining electric car；Client is collected simultaneously in charging station
Desired electric car SOC level when leaving of residence time and client expected from charge control system
Step 2, according to charge requirement and system running state, formulate tou power price；
Step 3, according to user from main response, determine charging plan；
Step 4, using monte carlo method, analog subscriber power demand completes electric automobile charging station and orderly charges.
2. the orderly charging method of electric automobile charging station as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that according to charging in step 2
Demand and system running state formulate tou power price specifically:
Determine that system counts the T to stop in the vehicle from present periodiIn a period, charge load margin Mt(t=1,2 ...,
Ti) it is greater than PiNumber Hi:
Hi=| Ai|, Ai=t | Mt≥Pi, t=1 ..., Ti}
Wherein, | Ai| it is set AiInterior element number；
If Hi<Ji, then explanation asks interior that system is unable to satisfy the charge requirement of user's input when the electric car is stopped, and determines system
System can maximum batteries of electric automobile state-of-charge met
If Hi≥Ji, then illustrate the initiation of charge period of the system tunable electric car in the electric car berthing time,
On the basis of meeting user's charge requirement, peak load shifting is realized to the maximum extent, determines rising for low ebb electricity price according to following formula
Begin the period:
And the start periods of low ebb electricity price are adjusted according to the following formula:
In formula,
3. the orderly charging method of electric automobile charging station as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 3 according to user from
Main response determines charging plan specifically:
Determine the periodThe charging electricity price of interior user is paddy electricity electricity price plRemaining period charges electricity price as height
Peak electricity price ph；
If selection immediately begins to charge, arrange the electric car since the next period one by one to inductive charging load margin
Mt≥PiPeriod charging, until arrange JiUntil a period；Simultaneously by the charging load margin (A of corresponding charge periodj×ST
× λ) it is updated to (Aj×ST×λ-Pi)；
If selection is delayed to paddy electricity electricity price and starts to charge, arrange the electric car fromStart, one by one to inductive charging
Load margin Mt≥PiPeriod charging, until arrange JiUntil a period；It is simultaneously that the charging load of corresponding charge period is abundant
It spends from (Aj×ST× λ) it updates and arrives (Aj×ST×λ-Pi)。
4. the orderly charging method of electric automobile charging station as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 4 uses Meng Teka
Lip river method, analog subscriber power demand, specifically:
Firstly, enter the automobile user charge requirement of charging station charging in simulation one day, and in orderly charging and unordered
Under the both of which that charges, statistical item such as table 1:
1 statistical information of table
Secondly, superposition conventional load and electric car charging load obtain the day under two kinds of situations of orderly charging and unordered charging
Load curve and conventional load curve；
Finally, obtaining the charging scheme of electric automobile charging station according to above- mentioned information.
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Cited By (12)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107696904A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-02-16 | 周燕红 | The control method and device that a kind of electric car charges in order |
| CN110733371A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-31 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | electric vehicle charging pile charging analysis method |
| CN111934373A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-13 | 蓝谷智慧(北京)能源科技有限公司 | Battery charging management method and battery charging management system of battery replacement station |
| CN112086980A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-15 | 华南理工大学 | Public distribution transformer constant volume type selection method and system considering charging pile access |
| CN112757954A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 华南理工大学 | Electric automobile ordered charging combined adjustment method under combined special transformer sharing mode |
| CN112874369A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 上海追日电气有限公司 | Charging and energy supply optimization method and device of charging management system |
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| CN113580997A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-02 | 华南理工大学 | Three-degree scheduling charging method based on user habits |
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| CN114407716A (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-04-29 | 广东省万谷能源技术有限公司 | Automatic management system and method for electric vehicle charging |
| CN115583176A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-01-10 | 重庆标能瑞源储能技术研究院有限公司 | Power battery charging method and system based on time-of-use electricity price |
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