CN107732937B - Peak clipping and valley filling method for grid-connected micro-grid containing wind-light-storage-electric automobile - Google Patents
Peak clipping and valley filling method for grid-connected micro-grid containing wind-light-storage-electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A peak clipping and valley filling method for a grid-connected micro-grid containing wind-light-storage-electric vehicles belongs to the field of power grid management. The management strategy of the microgrid is divided into two stages of peak clipping and valley filling and power fluctuation suppression; the slow charging time of the translational electric vehicle is matched with the charging and discharging of the storage battery, so that the peak-valley adjustment of the microgrid connecting line containing the distributed renewable energy is realized; the short-term power fluctuation of the connecting line caused by the quick charging of the electric automobile is considered, and the high-frequency component and the low-frequency component in the power fluctuation are respectively stabilized through the super capacitor and the storage battery. The method can realize energy optimization and coordination of the grid-connected micro-grid containing the wind-light-storage-electric automobile, ensure the electric energy quality of the line and improve the operation economy of the micro-grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power grid management, and particularly relates to an operation management method for a grid-connected micro-grid.
Background
With the large-scale distributed access of the wind driven generator, the photovoltaic cell and the electric automobile quick-charging pile, the power peak-valley characteristic of the microgrid connecting line caused by renewable energy power generation and electric automobile quick-charging is adjusted, meanwhile, the short-term power fluctuation of the connecting line is effectively restrained, and the method has important significance for ensuring the renewable energy consumption capability, improving the grid-connected stability of the microgrid and enhancing the operation safety and reliability of the microgrid. However, how to reduce the investment cost of the microgrid and optimize the energy storage capacity on the premise of reducing the peak-valley level of the microgrid call wire and smoothing the short-term power of the call wire needs to be deeply researched for energy management and control of the microgrid.
The electric automobile as a new generation of transportation has incomparable advantages compared with the traditional automobile in the aspects of energy conservation and emission reduction and reduction of dependence of human beings on traditional fossil energy, and governments around the world are disputed with relevant policies to promote the development of the electric automobile industry. In the united states, the energy department has been leading to the implementation of the EVProject program, and the use of electric vehicles is promoted by constructing home charging piles for users of electric vehicles free of charge. In China, the department of science and technology has been involved in implementing a plan of thousands of vehicles in ten cities. The project plans to promote the demonstration operation of new energy vehicles in buses, official vehicles, social service vehicles and taxis in part of cities in China within two or three years. With the popularization of electric vehicles in the future, large-scale electric vehicles are charged by being connected to a power grid, and the planning, the operation and the control of a power system are influenced.
Shanghai city is the top of the whole country in terms of the use and popularization of electric vehicles. In order to encourage the use of electric vehicles, a series of preferential policies including the charging pile subsidy and the Shanghai brand policy are provided in Shanghai. The subsidy policy of the electric vehicle charging pile is that one charging pile is built by self aiming at two types of enterprises and individuals, 30% of subsidies can be enjoyed at most, and the cost can be reduced to about 4200 yuan. Provision of provisional regulation for electric vehicle charging facility construction management in Shanghai City, carried out at No. 7/1 of 2015: the method is characterized in that a quick-charging-mainly and slow-charging-secondarily public charging facility is built beside a business, a public service facility, a public parking lot, an expressway service area, a gas station and a road with parking conditions. According to the latest research result of consumers using electric vehicles in Shanghai electric vehicle user industry and potential customer characteristic analysis, the actual single charging time of the existing domestic electric vehicles in Shanghai is mostly not more than 2 hours, and more than 75% of users directly use the vehicles when being not fully charged. By integrating relevant policies and user behaviors, the intelligent and quick charging of the electric automobile in the Shanghai region can be expected to have a large market, so that the intelligent and quick charging device can meet the requirements of common users on the one hand, and more importantly, the intelligent and quick charging device can be used as an important measure for realizing the increase of the electricity selling amount and the improvement of the profit rate of a power supply company.
The electric automobile as a new generation of transportation has incomparable advantages with the traditional automobile in the aspects of energy conservation and emission reduction and reduction of human dependence on traditional fossil energy, and along with popularization of the electric automobile, a large-scale electric automobile is connected into a power grid for charging, so that the planning, operation and control of a power system and energy management are influenced insignificantly. Through the search discovery to current patent, with electric automobile application in the electric wire netting, can make the peak valley characteristic that contains renewable energy electricity generation more easily adjust, when guaranteeing microgrid electric energy quality, improve energy utilization efficiency and microgrid operation economic nature. However, in the existing patent, although peak-valley adjustment and power fluctuation control are performed on the power of the microgrid including the electric vehicles through a related energy management and optimization strategy, the influence of different charging modes of the electric vehicles on the operation of the microgrid is not comprehensively considered, and cooperative management of an electric vehicle group and the microgrid energy storage system is not performed according to time scales under different energy management tasks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a peak clipping and valley filling method for a grid-connected micro-grid containing a wind-light-storage-electric automobile. The management strategy of the grid-connected micro-grid comprising wind-light-storage-electric vehicles is divided into two stages of peak clipping and valley filling and power fluctuation suppression, aiming at the peak-valley adjustment of a tie line, and the target power of a micro-grid tie line, the electric vehicles and an energy storage battery is optimized by establishing a target function and a constraint condition based on the slow charging and translation period of the electric vehicles, the charging and discharging cost of the storage battery and the interactive power of the tie line; aiming at the smooth power fluctuation of the tie line, the fast charging randomness and the mixed energy storage real-time charge state of the electric automobile are considered, the power output of the storage battery and the super capacitor is coordinately controlled, and the low-frequency component and the high-frequency component in the tie line power fluctuation are respectively inhibited.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a peak clipping and valley filling method for a grid-connected micro-grid containing wind-light-storage-electric vehicles, which comprises the following two stages of peak clipping and valley filling and power fluctuation suppression, and is characterized in that:
aiming at the peak-valley adjustment of a tie line, the peak-valley load shifting method of the grid-connected micro-grid optimizes the target power of the tie line of the micro-grid, the electric automobile and the energy storage battery by establishing a target function and a constraint condition based on the slow charging and shifting time period of the electric automobile, the charging and discharging cost of the storage battery and the interactive power of the tie line;
according to the peak clipping and valley filling method of the grid-connected micro-grid, aiming at the smooth power fluctuation of a tie line, the fast charging randomness and the mixed energy storage real-time charge state of an electric vehicle are considered, the power output of a storage battery and a super capacitor is coordinately controlled, and the low-frequency component and the high-frequency component in the power fluctuation of the tie line are respectively inhibited;
according to the peak clipping and valley filling method of the grid-connected micro-grid, peak and valley adjustment of the micro-grid connecting line containing the distributed renewable energy sources is realized by translating the slow charging time of the electric vehicle and matching with charging and discharging of the storage battery; considering short-term power fluctuation of a connecting line caused by quick charge of the electric automobile, respectively stabilizing high-frequency components and low-frequency components in the power fluctuation through the super capacitor and the storage battery;
according to the peak clipping and valley filling method for the grid-connected micro-grid, in the peak clipping and valley filling stage, according to the power generation prediction and load prediction technology of distributed renewable energy sources including wind power and photovoltaic, the slow charging period of the electric automobile is translated in a price subsidy mode, and the peak clipping and valley filling of the power of the micro-grid tie line is realized by matching with the charging and discharging of an energy storage battery and the power interaction between the micro-grid tie line and an external large power grid; in the power fluctuation suppression stage, the output fluctuation of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation is considered, meanwhile, the high-power and high-random characteristics of quick charging of the electric automobile are considered, a hybrid energy storage system is formed by a super capacitor and an energy storage battery, and the power fluctuation of the microgrid interconnection line is suppressed together;
the peak clipping and valley filling method for the grid-connected micro-grid can realize energy optimization and coordination of the grid-connected micro-grid containing the wind-light-storage-electric automobile, ensure the electric energy quality of the line and improve the operation economy of the micro-grid.
Specifically, the grid-connected type micro-grid is a distributed renewable energy wind-solar storage grid-connected type micro-grid, a power generation system of the grid-connected type micro-grid is composed of a wind driven generator and a photovoltaic cell, a storage battery and a super capacitor form a hybrid energy storage system so as to carry out peak clipping, valley filling and power fluctuation suppression on a micro-grid connecting line, the charging characteristic of the electric automobile is considered in the micro-grid, and the electric automobile is connected with the micro-grid through an alternating current-direct current conversion element.
Furthermore, the peak clipping and valley filling method at least comprises a peak clipping and valley filling stage and a power fluctuation restraining stage;
in the peak clipping and valley filling stage, based on renewable energy output prediction and load prediction, establishing an objective function and a constraint condition by taking the maximum daily running gain of the microgrid as a target, and optimizing the slow charging settling time of the electric vehicle and the interactive power of the storage battery and the microgrid connecting line at each time period;
in the power fluctuation suppression stage, based on the power fluctuation target suppression power and the real-time charge state of the hybrid energy storage, a correction coefficient is obtained through fuzzy control of a membership function and a control rule to obtain a charge-discharge reference value of the hybrid energy storage, and meanwhile, the charge state of the hybrid energy storage is guaranteed to be within a reasonable range.
Furthermore, the peak clipping and valley filling method considers two charging modes of slow charging and fast charging of the electric automobile; the combined energy management and control of the grid-connected micro-grid comprising the wind-light-storage-electric automobile are comprehensively considered; in the power fluctuation suppression, the real-time charge states of the storage battery and the super capacitor and the real-time state of the fluctuation power are comprehensively considered through fuzzy control, and the fluctuation power is distributed between the storage battery and the super capacitor; the electric automobile in the slow charging mode is considered as a translatable load to be analyzed, the translatable load comprises a user intention start-stop interval, the slow charging time interval of the electric automobile can be changed according to the peak-valley condition of the microgrid, and corresponding cost compensation is needed at the moment; the electric automobiles in the quick charging mode are regarded as fluctuating loads, and the characteristics of the dispersed distribution and the charging time length of the quick charging pile are considered, so that the overall charging curve of the electric automobile group has strong randomness; the number of electric vehicles arriving in a period of time is described by using a Poisson distribution so as to describe the 'completely random' electric vehicle fast charging behavior.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the technical scheme, aiming at an energy storage system in the microgrid, energy type energy storage elements represented by storage batteries participate in peak clipping and valley filling of the microgrid, and when the storage batteries carry out peak clipping and valley filling, factors such as wind power, photovoltaic power generation prediction, load prediction, the charge state of the storage batteries and the power exchange limit of connecting lines can be integrated, and an energy storage and release control strategy is formulated on the premise that the operation safety of equipment and the stability of the system are guaranteed.
In addition, in the technical scheme, the grid-connected microgrid not only can utilize a storage battery to perform peak load and valley load regulation, but also can be matched with a power type energy storage device represented by a super capacitor to jointly inhibit the power fluctuation of a microgrid connecting line so as to smooth the output power and improve the electric energy quality. For the electric vehicles in the slow charging mode, the number of the electric vehicles, the charging transfer time period and other factors need to be considered, under the excitation of a subsidy policy of the slow charging transfer time period, part of electric vehicle groups which are originally charged in the peak time period of the micro-grid can be shifted to the valley time period from the charging time period to obtain subsidy profits, the energy storage capacity of the storage battery participating in peak clipping and valley filling is reduced, and the overall operation investment cost of the grid-connected micro-grid comprising wind-light-storage-electric vehicles is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a piconet topology according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a microgrid energy management policy flow of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In fig. 1, the microgrid according to the technical scheme is a distributed renewable energy wind-solar energy storage grid-connected type microgrid, a power generation system of the microgrid comprises a wind driven generator and a photovoltaic cell, a storage battery and a super capacitor form a hybrid energy storage system to perform peak clipping, valley filling and power fluctuation suppression on a microgrid connecting line, the charging characteristic of an electric vehicle is considered in the microgrid, and the electric vehicle is connected with the microgrid through an alternating current-direct current conversion element.
For the microgrid described above, the following energy management strategies are implemented:
and dividing the energy management strategy into a peak clipping and valley filling stage and a power fluctuation suppression stage. In the peak clipping and valley filling stage, according to the power generation prediction and load prediction technologies of distributed renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic energy, the slow charging period of the electric automobile is translated in a price subsidy mode, and the peak clipping and valley filling of the power of the microgrid interconnection line is achieved by matching with the charging and discharging of the energy storage battery and the power interaction between the microgrid interconnection line and an external large power grid. In the power fluctuation suppression stage, the output fluctuation of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation is considered, the high-power and high-random characteristics of quick charging of the electric automobile are considered, and a hybrid energy storage system is formed by the super capacitor and the energy storage battery and is used for jointly suppressing the power fluctuation of the microgrid interconnection line.
Through the cooperation of the two stages, the energy optimization control of the microgrid connecting line is finally realized.
In fig. 2, an energy management process of the microgrid is shown.
The flow passes through a peak clipping and valley filling stage and a power fluctuation restraining stage in sequence. In the peak clipping and valley filling stage, based on renewable energy output prediction and load prediction, a target function and a constraint condition are established by taking the maximum daily running gain of the microgrid as a target, so that the slow charging stabilization time of the electric vehicle and the interactive power of the storage battery and the microgrid connecting line in each period are optimized. In the power fluctuation suppression stage, based on the power fluctuation target suppression power and the real-time charge state of the hybrid energy storage, a correction coefficient is obtained through fuzzy control of a membership function and a control rule to obtain a charge-discharge reference value of the hybrid energy storage, and meanwhile, the charge state of the hybrid energy storage is guaranteed to be within a reasonable range.
Obviously, in the technical scheme, the peak clipping and valley filling method takes two charging modes of slow charging and fast charging of the electric automobile into consideration; the combined energy management and control of the grid-connected micro-grid comprising the wind-light-storage-electric automobile are comprehensively considered; in the power fluctuation suppression, the real-time charge states of the storage battery and the super capacitor and the real-time state of the fluctuation power are comprehensively considered through fuzzy control, and the fluctuation power is distributed between the storage battery and the super capacitor; the electric automobile in the slow charging mode is considered as a translatable load to be analyzed, the translatable load comprises a user intention start-stop interval, the slow charging time interval of the electric automobile can be changed according to the peak-valley condition of the microgrid, and corresponding cost compensation is needed at the moment; the electric automobile in the quick charging mode is regarded as fluctuating load, the characteristics of the quick charging pile such as dispersion distribution, charging time length and the like are considered, and the whole charging curve of the electric automobile group has strong randomness. The number of electric vehicles arriving in a period of time is described by using a Poisson distribution so as to describe the 'completely random' electric vehicle fast charging behavior.
For a comprehensive grid-connected micro-grid containing wind, light, storage and electric vehicles, in order to improve the operation economy of the micro-grid, wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation are operated in a maximum power point tracking mode. In view of randomness, intermittency and volatility of distributed renewable energy sources, the microgrid tie line power has obvious peak-valley characteristics and short-term power volatility.
Thus. Aiming at an energy storage system in the microgrid, energy type energy storage elements represented by storage batteries participate in peak clipping and valley filling of the microgrid, and when the storage batteries carry out peak clipping and valley filling, factors such as wind power, photovoltaic power generation prediction, load prediction, the charge state of the storage batteries and the power exchange limit of tie lines can be integrated, so that an energy storage and release control strategy is formulated on the premise of ensuring the operation safety of equipment and the stability of the system. In addition, the grid-connected microgrid can not only utilize a storage battery for peak load regulation, but also be matched with a power type energy storage device represented by a super capacitor to jointly inhibit the power fluctuation of a microgrid connecting line so as to smooth the output power and improve the electric energy quality. For the electric vehicles in the slow charging mode, the number of the electric vehicles, the charging transfer time period and other factors need to be considered, under the excitation of a subsidy policy of the slow charging transfer time period, part of electric vehicle groups which are originally charged in the peak time period of the micro-grid can be shifted to the valley time period from the charging time period to obtain subsidy profits, the energy storage capacity of the storage battery participating in peak clipping and valley filling is reduced, and the overall operation investment cost of the grid-connected micro-grid comprising wind-light-storage-electric vehicles is reduced.
In addition, in this technical scheme, to the instantaneous power fluctuation of microgrid tie-line, through mixing the energy storage, distribute the power fluctuation composition between battery and super capacitor. The super capacitor is a power type energy storage element, has high response speed and is used for stabilizing high-frequency components of power fluctuation; the storage battery is an energy type energy storage element, has relatively low response speed and is used for stabilizing medium and low frequency components of power fluctuation.
According to the technical scheme, energy management of the microgrid is divided into two stages of peak clipping and valley filling and tie line power fluctuation inhibition, and the load translation characteristic of slow charging of the electric vehicle is considered in the peak clipping and valley filling stage; in the power fluctuation suppression stage, a fuzzy control theory is adopted to distribute target power fluctuation between the storage battery and the super capacitor, so that the fluctuation power can be well coordinated and suppressed, the generation of charge capacity out-of-limit is prevented, and the excellent power fluctuation suppression capability of the hybrid energy storage is further embodied.
The method can be widely applied to the field of energy management of the microgrid.
Claims (4)
1. A peak clipping and valley filling method for a grid-connected micro-grid containing wind-light-storage-electric vehicles comprises the following two stages of peak clipping and valley filling and power fluctuation suppression of a management strategy of the micro-grid, and is characterized in that:
aiming at the peak-valley adjustment of a tie line, the peak-valley load shifting method of the grid-connected micro-grid optimizes the target power of the tie line of the micro-grid, the electric automobile and the energy storage battery by establishing a target function and a constraint condition based on the slow charging and shifting time period of the electric automobile, the charging and discharging cost of the storage battery and the interactive power of the tie line;
according to the peak clipping and valley filling method of the grid-connected micro-grid, aiming at the smooth power fluctuation of a tie line, the fast charging randomness and the mixed energy storage real-time charge state of an electric vehicle are considered, the power output of a storage battery and a super capacitor is coordinately controlled, and the low-frequency component and the high-frequency component in the power fluctuation of the tie line are respectively inhibited;
according to the peak clipping and valley filling method of the grid-connected micro-grid, peak and valley adjustment of the micro-grid connecting line containing the distributed renewable energy sources is realized by translating the slow charging time of the electric vehicle and matching with charging and discharging of the storage battery; considering short-term power fluctuation of a connecting line caused by quick charge of the electric automobile, respectively stabilizing high-frequency components and low-frequency components in the power fluctuation through the super capacitor and the storage battery;
according to the peak clipping and valley filling method for the grid-connected micro-grid, in the peak clipping and valley filling stage, according to the power generation prediction and load prediction technology of distributed renewable energy sources including wind power and photovoltaic, the slow charging period of the electric automobile is translated in a price subsidy mode, and the peak clipping and valley filling of the power of the micro-grid tie line is realized by matching with the charging and discharging of an energy storage battery and the power interaction between the micro-grid tie line and an external large power grid; in the power fluctuation suppression stage, the output fluctuation of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation is considered, meanwhile, the high-power and high-random characteristics of quick charging of the electric automobile are considered, a hybrid energy storage system is formed by a super capacitor and an energy storage battery, and the power fluctuation of the microgrid interconnection line is suppressed together;
the peak clipping and valley filling method for the grid-connected micro-grid can realize energy optimization and coordination of the grid-connected micro-grid containing the wind-light-storage-electric automobile, ensure the electric energy quality of the line and improve the operation economy of the micro-grid.
2. The peak clipping and valley filling method for the grid-connected microgrid comprising wind-light-storage-electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the grid-connected microgrid is a distributed renewable energy wind-light storage grid-connected microgrid, a power generation system of which is composed of a wind power generator and a photovoltaic cell, a storage battery and a super capacitor are composed of a hybrid energy storage system to perform peak clipping and valley filling and power fluctuation suppression on a microgrid connecting line, the microgrid considers the charging characteristics of the electric vehicles and connects the electric vehicles with the microgrid through an alternating current-direct current conversion element.
3. The peak clipping and valley filling method for the grid-connected microgrid comprising a wind-light-storage-electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the peak clipping and valley filling method at least comprises a peak clipping and valley filling stage and a power fluctuation suppression stage;
in the peak clipping and valley filling stage, based on renewable energy output prediction and load prediction, establishing an objective function and a constraint condition by taking the maximum daily running gain of the microgrid as a target, and optimizing the slow charging settling time of the electric vehicle and the interactive power of the storage battery and the microgrid connecting line at each time period;
in the power fluctuation suppression stage, based on the power fluctuation target suppression power and the real-time charge state of the hybrid energy storage, a correction coefficient is obtained through fuzzy control of a membership function and a control rule to obtain a charge-discharge reference value of the hybrid energy storage, and meanwhile, the charge state of the hybrid energy storage is guaranteed to be within a reasonable range.
4. The peak clipping and valley filling method for the grid-connected microgrid comprising a wind-light-storage-electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the peak clipping and valley filling method takes two charging modes of slow charging and fast charging of the electric vehicle into consideration; the combined energy management and control of the grid-connected micro-grid comprising the wind-light-storage-electric automobile are comprehensively considered; in the power fluctuation suppression, the real-time charge states of the storage battery and the super capacitor and the real-time state of the fluctuation power are comprehensively considered through fuzzy control, and the fluctuation power is distributed between the storage battery and the super capacitor; the electric automobile in the slow charging mode is considered as a translatable load to be analyzed, the translatable load comprises a user intention start-stop interval, the slow charging time interval of the electric automobile can be changed according to the peak-valley condition of the microgrid, and corresponding cost compensation is needed at the moment; the electric automobiles in the quick charging mode are regarded as fluctuating loads, and the characteristics of the dispersed distribution and the charging time length of the quick charging pile are considered, so that the overall charging curve of the electric automobile group has strong randomness; the number of electric vehicles arriving in a period of time is described by using a Poisson distribution so as to describe the 'completely random' electric vehicle fast charging behavior.
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