CN115347588B - Microgrid energy storage system - Google Patents

Microgrid energy storage system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115347588B
CN115347588B CN202211277495.3A CN202211277495A CN115347588B CN 115347588 B CN115347588 B CN 115347588B CN 202211277495 A CN202211277495 A CN 202211277495A CN 115347588 B CN115347588 B CN 115347588B
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power
energy storage
storage module
distribution
module
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CN115347588A (en
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韩岳丞
钟心
钟培毓
刘伟
葛亮
逯晓宇
王鼎
周皇
谯小潞
冯城武
黄建诚
熊强
赵文昊
邓康强
刘映灿
李邹坤谕
杨淳岚
刘志健
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Chengdu Univeristy of Technology
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Chengdu Univeristy of Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/30—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using dynamo-electric machines coupled to flywheels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/02—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels
    • H02K7/025—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels for power storage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/09—Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a novel micro-grid energy storage system which can improve the operation income of a charging station under the application scene of charging infrastructure construction of a non-population dense area so as to effectively stimulate resource investment, and meanwhile, the micro-grid energy storage system can also be used as distributed power grid frequency modulation and/or peak regulation equipment so as to improve the frequency modulation and peak regulation capacity of an urban power grid and greatly reduce the construction and use cost of frequency modulation and peak regulation facilities. The microgrid energy storage system comprises: power type energy storage module, energy type energy storage module, power management module is used for power distribution, power distribution includes: the method comprises a first power distribution and a second power distribution, wherein the power management module determines the upper power limit of the power energy storage module and the upper power limit of the energy storage module for the first power distribution and the second power distribution respectively according to a set distribution proportion.

Description

Microgrid energy storage system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a micro-grid energy storage system, belonging to the technical field of equipment manufacturing (specifically energy storage equipment manufacturing) and the technical field of information (specifically energy storage equipment power distribution control technology and power grid frequency modulation and/or peak regulation control technology).
Background
With the increasing market share of electric vehicles, the demand of electric vehicles is beginning to permeate non-population-dense areas (such as suburban areas, county and rural administrative areas, and vast rural areas). But at present, the method is limited by the limitation of return on investment, and charging station operators are often reluctant to build stations in non-population-dense areas. Therefore, how to more fully utilize resources to accelerate the charging infrastructure construction in non-population-dense areas is an urgent problem to be solved. In addition, the charging infrastructure for promoting the non-population-dense area also increases the consumption of power resources, so how to reduce the influence on the traditional energy consumption and the environment becomes a problem to be considered for promoting the charging infrastructure for the non-population-dense area.
On the other hand, in order to solve global problems such as lack of traditional energy, climate change, environmental challenge and the like, countries in the world are tightening up strategies for promoting sustainable energy development, promoting energy development changes comprehensively, promoting development of clean energy and improving the proportion of renewable energy. With the large-scale development of various renewable energy sources such as wind power and solar photovoltaic power generation and the large-scale operation of long-distance ultrahigh voltage transmission, the fluctuation, randomness and intermittence of the output of new energy sources enable the system frequency fluctuation characteristic and regulation to become complex gradually, the frequency modulation capability of the power system is remarkably reduced, the safety problem of power frequency modulation is increasingly prominent, and innovative technical means are needed to improve the frequency modulation capability of the power system so as to utilize more energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaic power and further promote the development of new energy sources.
At present, no solution which can achieve two purposes by simultaneously aiming at the two problems is found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel micro-grid energy storage system which can improve the operation income of a charging station under the application scene of charging infrastructure construction of a non-population dense area so as to effectively stimulate resource investment, and meanwhile, the micro-grid energy storage system can also be used as distributed power grid frequency modulation and/or peak regulation equipment so as to improve the frequency modulation and peak regulation capacity of an urban power grid and greatly reduce the construction and use cost of frequency modulation and peak regulation facilities.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a microgrid energy storage system comprising: a power storage module for storing first power generated by the distributed generation apparatus and controllable to selectively perform at least one of: a1 Providing the first power to an external power grid for frequency modulation and/or peak modulation, b 1) providing the first power to a charging pile of a charging station governed by the micro-grid for fast charging of an electric vehicle; an energy storage module for storing the second power generated by the distributed generation apparatus and controllable to selectively perform at least one of: a2 Providing the second power to an external power grid for frequency modulation and/or peak modulation, b 2) providing the second power to a charging pile of a charging station governed by the micro-grid for slow charging of an electric vehicle; a power management module for power distribution of the power storage module and usage of power stored in the energy storage module, the power distribution comprising: a3 A first power distribution, that is, a power distribution of the power management module to the fm and/or peak shaver demand of the external power grid, implemented by using the power output characteristics of the power energy storage module and/or energy storage module, in response to the fm and/or peak shaver demand of the external power grid, b 3) a second power distribution, that is, a power distribution of the power management module to the charging demand of the charging station, implemented by using the power output characteristics of the power energy storage module and/or energy storage module, in response to the charging demand of the charging station, wherein the power management module determines the upper power limits of the power storage module and the energy storage module for the first power distribution and the second power distribution, respectively, according to a set distribution example.
Optionally, the power type energy storage module can be controlled to selectively implement the following operations: c1 To provide the first power to other productive domestic electrical loads in the microgrid; and/or the energy storage module can be controlled to selectively implement the following operations: c2 Provide the second power to other productive domestic electrical loads in the microgrid; wherein the power allocation further comprises: c3 Third power distribution, namely, the power management module implements power distribution for other production and living power demands in the microgrid according to the other production and living power demands in the microgrid.
Optionally, the setting distribution ratio is manually set in the power management module or automatically set by the power management module according to a preset policy.
Optionally, when the power management module receives a demand that the power storage module or the energy storage module needs to supply power to the external power grid and the charging pile at the same time, the power management module automatically reduces the set distribution proportion of the power stored in the power storage module or the energy storage module for the second power distribution, and increases the set distribution proportion of the power stored in the power storage module or the energy storage module for the first power distribution.
Optionally, the microgrid energy storage system further includes a charging module, configured to calculate power supply benefits of the power management module after power distribution in a set period and output a calculation result; and the charging module respectively calculates the power supply benefits of the electric power distributed to different purposes according to the power supply amount of the electric power distributed to different purposes and the preset unit power price corresponding to the purposes one by one.
Optionally, the power type energy storage module is a magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device. Optionally, the energy storage module is a battery energy storage device. The battery energy storage device can adopt a lead-acid storage battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, an all-vanadium redox flow battery and the like. Optionally, the distributed power generation device is a solar photovoltaic power station.
Optionally, the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device includes a sealing housing, a motor/generator integrated machine and a flywheel, a rotor of the motor/generator integrated machine and the flywheel rotor are coaxially connected to form a rotor shaft, and the rotor shaft is installed in the sealing housing through an upper protection bearing, an upper radial magnetic suspension bearing, a lower protection bearing and an axial magnetic suspension bearing.
Optionally, the axial magnetic suspension bearing includes an upper axial magnetic suspension bearing and a lower axial magnetic suspension bearing, the upper axial magnetic suspension bearing is disposed at the upper end of the flywheel and acts on the upper end surface of the flywheel through electromagnetic force, the lower axial magnetic suspension bearing is disposed at the lower end of the flywheel and acts on the lower end surface of the flywheel through electromagnetic force, and the upper axial magnetic suspension bearing and the lower axial magnetic suspension bearing enable the rotor shaft to maintain an axial suspension state through electromagnetic force respectively acting on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the flywheel.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a microgrid energy storage system comprising: a power storage module for storing first power generated by the distributed generation apparatus and controllable to selectively perform at least one of: a1 Providing the first power to an external power grid for frequency modulation and/or peak modulation, b 1) providing the first power to a charging pile of a charging station governed by the micro-grid for fast charging of an electric vehicle; an energy storage module for storing the second power generated by the distributed generation apparatus and controllable to selectively perform at least one of: a2 B2 ') supplying the second power to other productive domestic electric loads in the microgrid for frequency and/or peak modulation, b 2'); a power management module for power distribution of the power storage module and use of power stored in the energy storage module, the power distribution comprising: a3 A) first power distribution, namely, power distribution implemented by the power management module in response to the frequency modulation and/or peak modulation demand of the external power grid, by using the power output characteristics of the power type energy storage module and/or energy type energy storage module, for the frequency modulation and/or peak modulation demand of the external power grid, b 3') second power distribution, namely, power distribution implemented by the power management module in response to the charging demand within the charging station, for the charging demand of the charging station, c 3) third power distribution, namely, power distribution implemented by the power management module in response to the other production and living power demand in the microgrid, for the other production and living power demand in the microgrid; the power management module determines the upper power limits of the power energy storage module and the energy storage module respectively used for the first power distribution, the second power distribution and the third power distribution according to a set distribution proportion.
Optionally, the setting distribution ratio is manually set in the power management module or automatically set by the power management module according to a preset policy.
Optionally, when the power management module receives a demand that the power storage module or the energy storage module needs to supply power to the external power grid and the charging pile at the same time, the power management module automatically reduces the set distribution proportion of the power used by the power storage module or the energy storage module for the second power distribution and increases the set distribution proportion of the power used by the power storage module or the energy storage module for the first power distribution.
Optionally, the microgrid energy storage system further includes a charging module, configured to calculate power supply benefits of the power management module after power distribution in a set period and output a calculation result; and the charging module respectively calculates the power supply benefits of the electric power distributed to different purposes according to the power supply amount of the electric power distributed to different purposes and the preset unit power price corresponding to the purpose one by one.
Optionally, the power type energy storage module is a magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device. Optionally, the energy storage module is a battery energy storage device. The battery energy storage device can adopt a lead-acid storage battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, an all-vanadium redox flow battery and the like. Optionally, the distributed power generation device is a solar photovoltaic power station.
Optionally, the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device includes a sealing housing, a motor/generator integrated machine and a flywheel, a rotor of the motor/generator integrated machine and the flywheel rotor are coaxially connected to form a rotor shaft, and the rotor shaft is installed in the sealing housing through an upper protection bearing, an upper radial magnetic suspension bearing, a lower protection bearing and an axial magnetic suspension bearing.
Optionally, the axial magnetic suspension bearing includes an upper axial magnetic suspension bearing and a lower axial magnetic suspension bearing, the upper axial magnetic suspension bearing is disposed at the upper end of the flywheel and acts on the upper end surface of the flywheel through electromagnetic force, the lower axial magnetic suspension bearing is disposed at the lower end of the flywheel and acts on the lower end surface of the flywheel through electromagnetic force, and the upper axial magnetic suspension bearing and the lower axial magnetic suspension bearing enable the rotor shaft to maintain an axial suspension state through electromagnetic force respectively acting on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the flywheel.
The Micro-Grid (Micro-Grid) is also translated into a Micro-Grid, which refers to a small power generation and distribution system composed of a distributed power supply (equivalent to a distributed power generation device in the invention), an energy storage device (namely, the Micro-Grid energy storage system in the invention), a load and the like. The micro-grid energy storage system can use the electric power generated by the distributed power generation device for frequency modulation and/or peak regulation of an external power grid, and can also use the electric power generated by the distributed power generation device for power supply of the charging station governed by the micro-grid, so that the micro-grid energy storage system can improve the operation income of the charging station under the application scene of charging infrastructure construction of a non-population-dense area, thereby effectively stimulating resource investment, and meanwhile, the micro-grid energy storage system can also be used as a distributed power grid frequency modulation and/or peak regulation device, thereby improving the frequency modulation and peak regulation capability of an urban power grid and greatly reducing the construction and use cost of frequency modulation and peak regulation facilities. For example, the microgrid energy storage system can be used as a distributed power grid frequency modulation and/or peak shaving device, so that the construction of the microgrid and its charging stations can be participated by a large power grid operating unit in cooperation, and the large power grid operating unit can support the construction of the microgrid and its charging stations by adopting the modes of direct investment, power grid frequency modulation and peak shaving expense improvement and the like, which is equivalent to the improvement of the operating benefit of the charging stations, and can reduce the cost of the large power grid operating unit for independently deploying the frequency modulation and peak shaving device.
Because the micro-grid Energy storage system comprises the Power-use Energy storage module (PES) and the Energy-use Energy storage module (EES), the Power-use Energy storage module is characterized by high specific Power and relatively quick discharge time, and the Energy-use Energy storage module is characterized by high specific Energy and relatively slow discharge time. Therefore, when a frequency with large fluctuation appears in the external power grid within a short time, the frequency modulation and peak regulation work can be carried out through the power type energy storage module by utilizing the power output characteristic of the power type energy storage module; when the frequency fluctuation is small in the external power grid for a long time, the frequency modulation work can be carried out through the energy type energy storage module by utilizing the power output characteristic of the energy type energy storage module. In addition, the power type energy storage module has higher specific power and relatively faster discharge time, so the power type energy storage module can be used for quick charging; and because the energy type energy storage module has high specific energy and relatively slow discharge time, the energy type energy storage module can be used for slow charging or other production and living electricity demands. The power management module determines the upper power limits of the power type energy storage module and the energy type energy storage module respectively used for the first power distribution and the second power distribution according to a set distribution proportion, so that the power of the power type energy storage module and the power of the energy type energy storage module can be flexibly distributed according to needs.
The present application will be further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description. Additional aspects and advantages provided by the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to assist in understanding the present application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, with the understanding that the present application is to be considered an exemplification of the principles of the invention and is not intended to be unduly limiting.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a microgrid energy storage system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power management module graphical user interface of the microgrid energy storage system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device in an embodiment of a microgrid energy storage system of the present invention. Labeled as: the system comprises a power type energy storage module 11, an energy type energy storage module 12, a sealing shell 121, a motor-generator all-in-one machine 122, a flywheel 123, an upper protection bearing 124, an upper radial magnetic suspension bearing 125, a lower radial magnetic suspension bearing 126, a lower protection bearing 127, an upper axial magnetic suspension bearing 1281, a lower axial magnetic suspension bearing 1282, a sensor 129, a power management module 13, a distributed power generation device 20, an external power grid 30, a thermal power station 31, a grid transfer center 32, a power plant RTU33, a charging pile 40, a charging station control system 41, other production and living electric loads 50, a power electronic input device 61, a power electronic output device 62, a power electronic output device 63 and a power electronic output device 64.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present application will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the embodiments of the present application based on these descriptions. Before the embodiments of the present application are explained in conjunction with the drawings, it should be particularly pointed out that:
the technical solutions and features provided in the respective sections including the following description may be combined with each other without conflict. Furthermore, where possible, these technical solutions, technical features and related combinations may be given specific technical subject matter and are protected by the accompanying patent.
The embodiments of the present application referred to in the following description are generally only some embodiments, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art based on these embodiments without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of patent protection.
The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and any variations thereof in this specification and in the claims and following claims are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. Other related terms and units can be reasonably construed based on the description to provide related contents.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a microgrid energy storage system of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, a microgrid energy storage system comprising: a power type energy storage module 11, an energy type energy storage module 12 and a power management module 13.
Wherein the power storage module 11 is used for storing the first power generated by the distributed power generation apparatus 20 and can be controlled to selectively perform at least one of the following operations:
a1 To supply the first power to the external grid 30 for frequency and/or peak modulation;
b1 Provide the first electric power to charging piles 40 of charging stations governed by the microgrid to perform quick charging on electric vehicles.
The energy storage module 12 is configured to store the second power generated by the distributed generation apparatus 20 and can be controlled to selectively perform at least one of the following operations:
a2 Supplying the second power to the external grid 30 for frequency and/or peak modulation;
b2 Provide the second electric power to a charging pile 40 of a charging station governed by the microgrid to trickle charge an electric vehicle.
The power management module 13 is configured to perform power distribution on the power stored in the power storage module 11 and the power stored in the energy storage module 12, where the power distribution includes:
a3 First power distribution, i.e. the power distribution implemented by the power management module 13 to the fm and/or peak shaver requirements of the external grid 30, using the power output characteristics of the power storage module 11 and/or energy storage module 12, according to the fm and/or peak shaver requirements of the external grid 30;
b3 Second power distribution, i.e. the power distribution of the power management module 13 to the charging station's charging demand, according to the charging demand within the charging station, using the power output characteristics of the power storage modules 11 and/or energy storage modules 12.
Wherein the power management module 13 determines the upper power limits of the power storage module 11 and the energy storage module 12 for the first power distribution and the second power distribution, respectively, according to a set distribution ratio.
The Micro-Grid (Micro-Grid) is also translated into a Micro-Grid, which refers to a small-sized power generation and distribution system composed of a distributed power supply (equivalent to the distributed power generation device 20 in the invention), an energy storage device (namely, the Micro-Grid energy storage system in the invention), a load and the like. Because the micro-grid energy storage system can use the electric power generated by the distributed power generation device 20 for frequency modulation and/or peak shaving of the external power grid 30 and can also use the electric power generated by the distributed power generation device 20 for power supply of the charging station governed by the micro-grid, the micro-grid energy storage system can improve the operation income of the charging station under the application scene of charging infrastructure construction of a non-population-dense area so as to effectively stimulate resource investment, and meanwhile, the micro-grid energy storage system can also be used as a distributed power grid frequency modulation and/or peak shaving device so as to improve the frequency modulation and peak shaving capacity of the urban power grid and greatly reduce the construction and use cost of the frequency modulation and peak shaving facility. For example, the microgrid energy storage system can be used as a distributed power grid frequency modulation and/or peak shaving device, so that the construction of the microgrid and the charging stations thereof can be participated by a large power grid operating unit in cooperation, and the large power grid operating unit can support the construction of the microgrid and the charging stations thereof in ways of directly investing, improving the power grid frequency modulation and peak shaving cost and the like, so that the operating benefit of the charging stations is increased, and meanwhile, the cost for the large power grid operating unit to independently deploy the frequency modulation and peak shaving device can be reduced.
Because the microgrid Energy storage system comprises a Power-usage Energy storage (PES) and an Energy-usage Energy storage (EES), the Power-usage Energy storage module 11 is characterized by high specific Power and relatively fast discharge time, and the Energy-usage Energy storage module 12 is characterized by high specific Energy and relatively slow discharge time. Therefore, when a frequency with large fluctuation appears in the external power grid within a short time, the frequency modulation and peak regulation work can be carried out through the power type energy storage module 11 by utilizing the power output characteristic of the power type energy storage module 11; when the frequency fluctuation in the external grid 30 is small for a long time, the frequency modulation operation can be performed by the energy storage module 12 using the power output characteristic of the energy storage module 12. In addition, since the power type energy storage module 11 has higher power and relatively faster discharge time, it can be used for the fast charging; the energy storage module 12, due to its high specific energy, has a relatively slow discharge time and can therefore be used for the slow charging. Since the power management module 13 determines the upper power limits of the power storage module 11 and the energy storage module 12 for the first power distribution and the second power distribution, respectively, according to a set distribution ratio, the power management module can flexibly distribute the power of the power storage module 11 and the energy storage module 12 according to the needs.
Furthermore, the power type energy storage module 11 can be controlled to selectively perform the following operations: c1 To provide the first power to other productive and domestic electrical loads 50 in the microgrid; and/or the energy storage module 12 can be controlled to selectively perform the following operations: c2 To provide the second power to other productive and domestic electrical loads 50 in the microgrid; in this case, the power allocation further includes: c3 Third power distribution, that is, the power management module 13 implements power distribution for other production and living power demands in the microgrid according to the other production and living power demands in the microgrid.
In a specific embodiment, the power type energy storage module 11 is a magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device, and the rated power of the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device is 2MW, and the capacity is 0.4MWh; the energy type energy storage module 12 is a battery energy storage device, the battery energy storage device has a rated power of 5MW and a capacity of 5MWh, and specifically adopts a lithium iron phosphate battery; the distributed power generation device 20 is a solar photovoltaic power station, and the installed capacity is mainly designed according to the estimated frequency modulation peak regulation demand, the estimated charging demand in a charging station and other production and living power demands in the micro-grid, so that the investment is saved. Because the whole scale of the micro-grid energy storage system is not large, the micro-grid energy storage system is designed to assist a fixed-point urban thermal power station 31 (the thermal power station 31 is used for supplying power to the city) to perform frequency modulation and peak shaving, and the frequency modulation performance of the thermal power station 31 is improved. On this basis, solar photovoltaic power station, little electric wire netting energy storage system and charging station can unify to deploy in this city periphery county area, both satisfied county city electric vehicle's the demand of charging, simultaneously because county area regional city relatively the ground broad talent rare, be favorable to saving land cost.
Above-mentioned solar photovoltaic power station, little electric wire netting energy storage system and charging station can use the project as the unit, at the construction of a plurality of different counties and counties of city periphery and deployment, like this, not only solved the construction problem of non-population intensive district charging station, can effectively improve the not enough problem of urban electricity consumption peak power supply simultaneously. The solar photovoltaic power station can provide other production and living electricity for the local, has reduced thermal power station 31's load, in addition, can assist thermal power station 31 to carry out the frequency modulation peak shaving better through the little electric wire netting energy storage system of a plurality of distributing types, improves this thermal power station 31 frequency modulation performance.
The relevant operation principle of the microgrid energy storage system is further described with reference to fig. 1.
1. And (4) storing the electric power. Electric energy generated by the distributed power generation device 20 (solar photovoltaic power station) is converted by the power electronic input device 61 and then stored in the power type energy storage module 11 (magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device) and the energy type energy storage module 12 (battery energy storage device), respectively. The power electronic input device 61 is prior art and will not be described in detail.
2. A first power allocation. The network dispatching center 32 monitors the external power grid 30, and when frequency modulation and peak shaving are required, sends an AGC instruction (AGC is fully referred to as Automatic Generation Control, namely Automatic power Generation Control) to the power plant RTU33 (the RTU is fully referred to as Remote Terminal Unit), and the power plant RTU33 sends the AGC instruction to the power management module 13 (adopting Distributed Control System, DCS) of the microgrid energy storage System. The power management module 13 selects the power type energy storage module 11 and/or the energy type energy storage module 12 according to the power and the action duration required by the AGC instruction. For example, if the AGC command requires a large power and a short operation time, the power type energy storage module 11 is selected; if the action time required by the AGC command is longer, the energy type energy storage module 12 is selected. The power type energy storage module 11 and/or the energy type energy storage module 12 respond to the AGC instruction, and transmit electric power to the thermal power station 31 through the power electronic output device 62 (also in the prior art), if the microgrid energy storage system completely meets the AGC instruction requirement, the thermal power unit of the thermal power station 31 is not required to adjust output power, and if the microgrid energy storage system cannot completely meet the AGC instruction requirement, the thermal power unit of the thermal power station 31 adjusts output power to supplement the requirement, so as to meet the frequency modulation peak shaving requirement of the grid shaving center 32. The network central office 32 and the plant RTU33 are existing components of the current thermal power plant operation.
3. A second power allocation. The charging station control system 41 of the charging station governed by the microgrid sends a power supply instruction to the power management module 13 according to the charging requirement of the charging station, and the power management module 13 selects the power type energy storage module 11 and/or the energy type energy storage module 12 according to the requirement of the power supply instruction. For example, if the power supply instruction requires fast charging and power supply, the power type energy storage module 11 is selected; if the power supply instruction requires slow charging power supply, the energy storage module 12 is selected. In response to the power supply command, power storage module 11 and/or energy storage module 12 deliver power to charging pile 40 via power electronic output device 64. The principle of the third power allocation described above is analogized.
4. The distribution ratio is set. The power management module 13 determines the upper power limits of the power storage module 11 and the energy storage module 12 for the first power distribution and the second power distribution, respectively, according to a set distribution ratio. The setting distribution ratio may be set manually or automatically by the power management module 13 according to a preset policy.
The power management module 13 may implement the setting of the distribution ratio by a dedicated control software. For example, in a typical embodiment, the power management module 13 is associated with a Graphical User Interface (GUI) for operation, and a User can input or select a power distribution ratio for the power storage module 11 and the energy storage module 12 for the first power distribution and the second power distribution, respectively, in the GUI. In addition, the gui may further include a trigger switch labeled "auto distribution" or the like, and when the user clicks the trigger switch, the power management module 13 may automatically set the power distribution ratio according to a preset policy.
The predetermined policy may generally determine the power distribution ratio according to the current actual power demand. For example, since the demand for power to be supplied to the external grid for frequency modulation and/or peak shaving is large and highly urgent, when the power management module 13 receives a demand for power to be supplied to the external grid 30 and the charging pile 40 by the power storage module 11 or the energy storage module 12 at the same time, the setting proportion of power to be supplied to the second power distribution by the power storage module 11 or the energy storage module 12 may be automatically adjusted downward, and the setting proportion of power to be supplied to the first power distribution by the power storage module 11 or the energy storage module 12 may be automatically adjusted upward, so that the demand for frequency modulation and/or peak shaving may be better responded, and the power to be supplied to the charging pile 40 may be supplemented from the grid after the frequency modulation and/or peak shaving cycle is over as required.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power management module graphical user interface of the microgrid energy storage system according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, in an alternative, a user may log in to the power management module 13 through a smart phone, and three menu keys of "device state", "power output", and "income statement" are displayed in a menu bar of a login page. When the user clicks the 'power output' button, the setting interface of the power distribution proportion can be entered.
In one illustrative example, the input fields in the setting interface are respectively: the upper power limit of the power type energy storage module 11 for the first power distribution is set to 75% of the power type energy storage module 11, the upper power limit of the power type energy storage module 11 for the second power distribution is set to 25% of the power type energy storage module 11, the upper power limit of the energy type energy storage module 12 for the first power distribution is set to 40% of the power of the energy type energy storage module 12, the upper power limit of the energy type energy storage module 12 for the second power distribution is set to 40% of the power of the energy type energy storage module 12, and the upper power limit of the energy type energy storage module 12 for the third power distribution is set to 20% of the rated power of the energy type energy storage module 12.
According to the conditions that the rated power of the power type energy storage module 11 is 2MW, the capacity is 0.4MWh, the rated power of the energy type energy storage module 12 is 5MW, and the capacity is 5MWh, according to the set distribution proportion in the schematic example, when the capacities of the power type energy storage module 11 and the energy type energy storage module 12 are both in a full-charge state, the charging station can meet the demand of fast charging (charging power is 40 kW) of more than 10 electric vehicles and the demand of slow charging of dozens of electric vehicles; meanwhile, the set distribution ratio in the above exemplary embodiment can also well assist the thermal power station 31 in performing frequency modulation and peak shaving.
In addition, a trigger switch marked with "frequency modulation peak regulation automatic rising" or similar descriptions is further provided in the setting interface, and when the user clicks the trigger switch, when the power management module 13 receives a demand that the power storage module 11 or the energy storage module 12 needs to supply power to the external grid 30 and the charging pile 40 at the same time, the setting distribution ratio of the power distributed by the power storage module 11 or the energy storage module 12 for the second power distribution is automatically adjusted to be low, and the setting distribution ratio of the power distributed by the power storage module 11 or the energy storage module 12 for the first power distribution is automatically adjusted to be high. For example, the upper limit of the power storage module 11 for the first power distribution is set to 75% of the power storage module 11 through the input fields in the setting interface, the upper limit of the power storage module 11 for the second power distribution is set to 25% of the power storage module 11, if a corresponding trigger switch of "fm peak modulation auto-up" is activated by clicking again, when the power storage module 11 needs to supply power to the external grid 30 and the charging pile 40 at the same time, the upper limit of the power storage module 11 for the first power distribution is automatically set to 90% of the power storage module 11, and the upper limit of the power storage module 11 for the second power distribution is correspondingly reduced.
As can be seen, since the power management module 13 can determine the upper power limits of the power storage module 11 and the energy storage module 12 for the first power distribution and the second power distribution according to the set distribution ratio, the following advantages can be produced: firstly, the distribution proportion is set to determine the upper power limit of the power type energy storage module 11 and the upper power limit of the energy type energy storage module 12 for the first power distribution and the second power distribution respectively, so that the situation that power supply cannot be realized when frequency modulation and/or peak shaving needs to be carried out or charging needs to be carried out is reduced, and meanwhile, the adaptability of the microgrid energy storage system to power requirements can be improved through the adjustment of the distribution proportion, and therefore more reasonable power distribution can be realized. Secondly, the power type energy storage module 11 and the energy type energy storage module 12 can be accurately used for respectively predicting the electric power of the first power distribution and the electric power of the second power distribution at the equipment end of the power management module 13, and the electric power can be timely fed back to an external power grid and a charging user, so that the external power grid and the charging user can conveniently perform next-step activities according to feedback information of the power management module 13. For example, after the power plant RTU33 receives the feedback information of the power management module 13, when it is determined that the first power allocation cannot completely meet the AGC instruction requirement, the thermal power unit of the thermal power station 31 may be enabled to adjust the output in advance. For another example, the charging station control system 41 may send a notification to the charging user in advance whether charging is possible (including in the case of using both the fast charging mode and the slow charging mode) according to the feedback information, so as to make a more reasonable decision about the charging location and the charging time with the charging user. For this purpose, in an alternative embodiment, the power management module 13 may periodically, automatically or in response to an external request, send the power information of the power storage modules 11 and 12 for the first power distribution and send the power information of the power storage modules 11 and 12 for the second power distribution to the charging station control system 41. Third, a business solution is provided-project investors can negotiate allocation proportions to facilitate cooperation, better solving the problem that charging station operators are often reluctant to establish stations in non-population-dense areas.
In the embodiment of the microgrid energy storage system, the microgrid energy storage system further comprises a charging module, wherein the charging module is used for calculating the power supply income of the power management module 13 after power distribution in a set period and outputting a calculation result; and the charging module respectively calculates the power supply benefits of the electric power distributed to different purposes according to the power supply amount of the electric power distributed to different purposes and the preset unit power price corresponding to the purposes one by one.
As shown in fig. 2, in an alternative, a user may log in to the power management module 13 through a smart phone, and three menu keys of "device state", "power output", and "income statement" are displayed in a menu bar of a login page. After the user clicks the 'income details' button, the power supply income of the electric power distributed to different purposes, such as frequency modulation income, peak regulation income, quick charging income and the like, can be checked.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device in an embodiment of a microgrid energy storage system of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device includes a sealed housing 121, a motor-generator integrated machine 122 and a flywheel 123, a rotor of the motor-generator integrated machine 122 and a rotor of the flywheel are coaxially connected to form a rotor shaft, and the rotor shaft is installed in the sealed housing 121 through an upper protection bearing 124, an upper radial magnetic suspension bearing 125, a lower radial magnetic suspension bearing 126, a lower protection bearing 127 and an axial magnetic suspension bearing.
The upper radial magnetic suspension bearing 125, the lower radial magnetic suspension bearing 126 and the axial magnetic suspension bearing are preferably active magnetic suspension bearings, in this case, the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device is further provided with a sensor 129, the sensor 129 is used for detecting the axial and/or radial position of the rotor shaft, and the magnetic force of the corresponding active magnetic suspension bearing is dynamically adjusted according to the detection data of the sensor 129, so that the axial and/or radial position of the rotor shaft is adjusted, and the rotor shaft is kept in a set suspension state.
Preferably, the axial magnetic suspension bearing includes an upper axial magnetic suspension bearing 1281 and a lower axial magnetic suspension bearing 1282, the upper axial magnetic suspension bearing 1281 is disposed at the upper end of the flywheel 123 and acts on the upper end surface of the flywheel 123 through electromagnetic force, the lower axial magnetic suspension bearing 1282 is disposed at the lower end of the flywheel 123 and acts on the lower end surface of the flywheel 123 through electromagnetic force, and the upper axial magnetic suspension bearing 1281 and the lower axial magnetic suspension bearing 1282 maintain the rotor shaft in an axially suspended state through electromagnetic force respectively acting on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the flywheel 123.
The axial magnetic suspension bearing is an innovative design of the invention, and directly utilizes the upper end and the lower end of the flywheel 123 to replace a thrust disc of the traditional axial magnetic suspension bearing, thereby playing a role in simplifying the structure of the axial magnetic suspension bearing. Moreover, the diameters of the upper axial magnetic suspension bearing 1281 and the lower axial magnetic suspension bearing 1282 are larger, so that larger magnetic attraction force can be generated.
The contents of the present application are explained above. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these teachings. All other embodiments made by those skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the above description shall fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. Microgrid energy storage system characterized in that includes:
a power storage module for storing first power generated by the distributed generation apparatus and controllable to selectively perform at least one of:
a1 Supplying the first power to an external grid for frequency and/or peak modulation,
b1 The first electric power is provided for a charging pile of a charging station governed by the micro-grid so as to quickly charge an electric vehicle;
an energy storage module for storing the second power generated by the distributed generation apparatus and controllable to selectively perform at least one of:
a2 To supply the second power to an external grid for frequency and/or peak modulation,
b2 Providing the second power to a charging pile of a charging station governed by the microgrid for slow charging of an electric vehicle;
a power management module for power distribution of the power storage module and use of power stored in the energy storage module, the power distribution comprising:
a3 A first power distribution, i.e. a power distribution implemented by the power management module in response to a demand for frequency and/or peak shaving of the external grid, for frequency and/or peak shaving demand of the external grid using power output characteristics of the power and energy storage modules,
b3 A second power distribution, i.e. a power distribution implemented by the power management module to the charging station's charging demand in response to the charging demand within the charging station, using the power output characteristics of the power and energy storage modules,
the power management module determines the upper power limit of the power type energy storage module and the upper power limit of the energy type energy storage module, which are respectively used for the first power distribution and the second power distribution, according to a set distribution proportion;
the set distribution proportion is set manually, and the power management module is associated with an operable graphical user interface and is used for inputting or selecting the power distribution proportion of the power type energy storage module and the power type energy storage module for the first power distribution and the second power distribution respectively in the graphical user interface;
the power management module periodically and automatically sends pre-estimation information of power distributed by the first power distribution by the power type energy storage module and the energy type energy storage module to a power plant RTU of the external power grid or sends pre-estimation information of power distributed by the second power distribution by the power type energy storage module and the energy type energy storage module to a charging station control system of the charging station.
2. The microgrid energy storage system of claim 1, wherein:
the power type energy storage module can also be controlled to selectively implement the following operations: c1 To provide the first power to other productive domestic electrical loads in the microgrid;
and/or the energy storage module can be controlled to selectively implement the following operations: c2 Provide the second power to other productive domestic electrical loads in the microgrid;
wherein the power allocation further comprises: c3 Third power distribution, namely, the power management module implements power distribution for other production and living power demands in the microgrid according to the other production and living power demands in the microgrid.
3. The microgrid energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the graphical user interface further comprises a trigger switch, and when a user activates the trigger switch and the power management module receives a demand that the power management module needs to enable the power type energy storage module and the energy type energy storage module to simultaneously provide power for the external power grid and the charging pile, the power type energy storage module or the energy type energy storage module is automatically adjusted to be lower in the set distribution proportion of the power distributed by the second power and the power type energy storage module or the energy type energy storage module is automatically adjusted to be higher in the set distribution proportion of the power distributed by the first power.
4. The microgrid energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the charging module is used for calculating the power supply income of the power management module after power distribution in a set period and outputting a calculation result; and the charging module respectively calculates the power supply benefits of the electric power distributed to different purposes according to the power supply amount of the electric power distributed to different purposes and the preset unit power price corresponding to the purpose one by one.
5. The microgrid energy storage system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the power type energy storage module is a magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device; and/or the energy type energy storage module is a battery energy storage device; and/or the distributed power generation device is a solar photovoltaic power station.
6. The microgrid energy storage system of claim 5, wherein: the magnetic suspension flywheel energy storage device comprises a sealing shell, a motor-generator integrated machine and a flywheel, wherein a rotor of the motor-generator integrated machine and a rotor of the flywheel are coaxially connected to form a rotor shaft, and the rotor shaft is arranged in the sealing shell through an upper protection bearing, an upper radial magnetic suspension bearing, a lower protection bearing and an axial magnetic suspension bearing;
the axial magnetic suspension bearing comprises an upper axial magnetic suspension bearing and a lower axial magnetic suspension bearing, the upper axial magnetic suspension bearing is arranged at the upper end of the flywheel and acts on the upper end face of the flywheel through electromagnetic force, the lower axial magnetic suspension bearing is arranged at the lower end of the flywheel and acts on the lower end face of the flywheel through electromagnetic force, and the upper axial magnetic suspension bearing and the lower axial magnetic suspension bearing enable the rotor shaft to keep an axial suspension state through the electromagnetic force respectively acting on the upper end face and the lower end face of the flywheel.
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