CN111931357A - Capacity planning method for wave energy independent power generation system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a capacity planning method for a wave energy independent power generation system, which utilizes sea condition statistical data of a design sea area and a model amplitude response operator RAO of a wave energy power generation device model prototypemAnd model Capture Width ratio CWRmCalculating a time domain curve of instantaneous generating power of the wave energy generating device, and planning the wave-facing surface width b and the rated generating power P of the wave energy generating device by taking the total construction cost C of the wave energy generating device and a storage battery as a target on the basis of the time domain curve of the instantaneous generating power and the time domain curve of the instantaneous load powerw_rateAnd rated capacity E of the storage batteryb_rate. The method comprehensively considers the actual load power consumption demand and designs the sea area seaThe capacities of the wave energy power generation device and the storage battery are planned in a unified mode according to the condition and the model characteristic parameters, so that the planning result can meet the economic requirement and can also guarantee the power supply reliability requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wave energy power generation, and particularly relates to a capacity planning method for a wave energy independent power generation system.
Background
The power supply system of offshore equipment, particularly ocean buoys, is essentially a set of independent power generation systems. The system structure generally comprises a direct current bus, a power generation unit, a storage battery, an alternating current load and a direct current load and a series of power electronic components for power conversion. If the ocean buoy only utilizes wave energy to generate electricity, the system can also be called a wave energy independent power generation system. The wave energy independent power generation system is characterized in that the power generation unit is only a wave energy power generation device.
Under the premise of the known alternating current and direct current load, the cost for building the small wave energy independent power generation system mainly comes from the wave energy power generation device and the storage battery. Therefore, at the beginning of design and application, the capacities of the wave energy power generation device and the storage battery must be planned uniformly according to the power demand of the alternating current/direct current load and the wave energy resource condition of the designed sea area, so that the power supply reliability of the alternating current/direct current load can be met, and the low cost of system construction can be ensured. However, at present, there is little literature on the details of the unified planning process. For example, the document "dimensional method for energy storage devices and wave energy converters covering isolated loads" (IET Renewable Power Generation, 2016, volume 10, phase 10, page 1468 and 1476) merely optimizes the configuration of the wave energy Power Generation device through multiple targets, and then estimates the required storage battery capacity according to the difference between the generated Power and the load Power, and does not develop a unified capacity planning.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a capacity planning method for a wave energy independent power generation system, which comprehensively considers the actual load power consumption requirement, the design sea state and the model characteristic parameters and uniformly plans the capacities of a wave energy power generation device and a storage battery, so that the planning result can meet the economic requirement and also can ensure the power supply reliability requirement.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a capacity planning method for a wave energy independent power generation system utilizes sea condition statistical data (or called a sea condition statistical table) of a design sea area and a model amplitude response operator RAO of a model prototype of a wave energy power generation devicemAnd model Capture Width ratio CWRmCalculating a time domain curve of the instantaneous generating power of the wave energy generating device, and planning the wave-facing surface width b and the rated generating power P of the wave energy generating device by taking the total construction cost C of the wave energy generating device and a storage battery as a target on the basis of the time domain curve of the instantaneous generating power and the time domain curve (or called as a load curve) of the instantaneous load powerw_rateAnd rated capacity E of the storage batteryb_rate。
Further, the method specifically comprises the following 16 steps:
s1, randomly extracting continuous irregular wave time domain waveforms of sea condition simulation according to the sea condition generation frequency in the sea condition statistical table of the design sea area, wherein the simulation duration is approximately the service life of the wave energy independent power generation system;
s2, dividing the wave sequence according to the upper zero crossing point, and decomposing a plurality of single waves, wherein the number of the single waves is marked as m;
s3, setting the wave-facing surface width b and the rated generating power P of the N groups of wave energy generating devicesw_rate；
S4, where n is 1 and i is 1;
s5, searching the nth group b and Pw_rate；
S6, counting the wave height H of the ith single waveiAnd period Ti；
S7, using group n b, and model amplitude response operator RAOmAnd model Capture Width ratio CWRmCalculating the time-average generated power P of the wave power generation device corresponding to the ith single wavew_av，iAnd a maximum speed Vmax，i；
S8, use of Pw_av，iAnd Vmax，iCalculating the wave corresponding to the ith single waveInstantaneous generating power P of wave energy generating devicew，i(t) and drawing Pw，i(t) time domain plot;
s9, P Using group nw_rateCutting off Pw，i(t)＞Pw_rateExcess energy E generatede，iAnd calculating the instantaneous generating power P after setting the rated generating powerw，i2(t) the time-averaged generated power Pw_av，i2；
S10, introducing instantaneous load power Pl(t) extracting instantaneous load power P in the ith single-wave corresponding period from the intermediate sectionl，i(t), drawing Pl，i(t) time domain curve, and calculating the time-average load power P in the ith single wave corresponding time periodl_av，i；
S11, according to Pw，i2(t) and Pl，i(t) calculating the charge and discharge quantity E of the storage battery in the ith single-wave corresponding time periodb，i，Eb，iMore than or equal to 0 represents the charging of the storage battery, otherwise represents the discharging;
s12, judging whether i is smaller than m, if i is smaller than m, i is equal to i +1, and returning to S6, otherwise, executing S13;
s13, calculating the instantaneous electric quantity E of the storage batteryb(t) and drawing Eb(t) time domain plot, take Eb(t) the difference between the upper limit and the lower limit of the time domain curve is the maximum net charge-discharge capacity E of the storage batteryb_maxBased on Eb_maxCalculate nth groups b and Pw_rateCorresponding rated capacity E of accumulatorb_rate；
S14 based on n groups b and Pw_rateAnd corresponding Eb_rateCalculating the total construction cost C of the corresponding wave energy power generation device and the storage battery;
s15, judging whether N is smaller than N, if N is smaller than N, then N is N +1, and returning to S5, otherwise, executing S16;
s16, selecting the smallest C of N cases, and using the b, P corresponding to Cw_rate，Eb_rateAs a result of the capacity planning.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes the following 7 steps:
1) obtaining design sea state statisticsAnd the duration of the historical information counted by the sea state statistical table in the design sea area is set as the service life of the wave energy independent power generation system, and a certain sea state in the sea state statistical table in the design sea area is characterized as a group of specific sense wave height HsAnd peak period TpDesigning each grid in the sea state statistical table of the sea area to represent the occurrence frequency of the corresponding sea state, wherein the sum of the occurrence frequencies of all the sea states is 100 percent;
2) setting a random number generator, wherein the random number generation area is 0-100;
3) according to the sense-first wave height HsRe-peak period TpIn the order of (1), or peak-first period TpReseense wave height HsThe sea states in the sea state statistical table of the sea area are designed in a traversing mode in sequence, wherein the sea states with the occurrence frequency of 0% are automatically skipped, random number generation sub-areas corresponding to the sea states are synchronously set, and the size of the random number generation sub-areas is the occurrence frequency of the corresponding sea states, namely 100;
4) dividing the operating life of the wave energy independent power generation system into a plurality of time periods equally, generating a random number array within 0-100 by using a random number generator according to the sequence of time period sequence numbers, and selecting sea conditions corresponding to the time periods according to a random number generation sub-region in which each random number in the random number array is located;
5) using wave spectral function Sω(omega) simulating the wave height time domain waveform h (t) of each time interval, wave spectrum function SωThe shape of (omega) is determined by the sense wave height H of the sea state corresponding to each time periodsAnd peak period TpDetermining the spectrum type, wherein the simulation duration of the wave height time domain waveform h (t) is slightly larger than the duration of the corresponding time period, and the calculation formula of h (t) is as follows:
where M denotes dividing the wave frequency ω into M equal parts, Δ ω being the length of each part, ωjIs the mean value of all wave frequencies omega in the j (j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M) th part, pi is the circumferential rate, randjIs omegajA corresponding random number between 0 and 1;
6) from time periodsThe characteristic waveform of the corresponding time interval is intercepted from the wave height time domain waveform h (T), the starting point and the end point of each characteristic waveform are zero points, namely the wave height h is 0, the wave height h of each point between the starting point and the zero point of the next time in each characteristic waveform is more than 0, the wave height h of each point between the end point and the zero point of the previous time in each characteristic waveform is less than 0, the time length of each characteristic waveform is about the time length of the corresponding time interval, and the absolute value of the positive and negative errors is not higher than the peak value period T of the sea state of the corresponding time intervalp；
7) And finally forming a continuous irregular wave time domain waveform according to the characteristic waveforms of the time periods connected end to end in the time period sequence.
Further, the step S2 specifically includes the following 2 steps:
1) counting an upper crossing zero point, namely a special zero point in a continuous irregular wave time domain waveform, wherein the wave height h of a point between the zero point and the zero point of the next time is more than 0, or the wave height h of a point between the zero point and the zero point of the previous time is less than 0;
2) a section of continuous irregular wave time domain waveform between two adjacent upper cross zero points is taken as a single wave, the continuous irregular wave time domain waveform is divided into a plurality of single waves, the number of the single waves is recorded as m, and all the single waves form a wave sequence according to the time sequence.
Further, the step S6 specifically includes the following 3 steps:
1) determining the ith single wave, wherein the ith single wave crosses the zero point a on the ith single waveiAnd the i +1 th upper zero crossing point ai+1A section of continuous irregular wave time domain waveform in between;
2) calculating the wave height H of the ith single waveiWave height HiThe difference between the highest wave height value and the lowest wave height value on the ith single wave;
3) calculating the period T of the ith single waveiPeriod T ofiThe time length of the ith single wave.
Further, the step S7 specifically includes the following 3 steps:
1) obtaining different regular wave test periods T through numerical water tank simulation or physical water tank experimentrmWave energy power generation device moduleModel amplitude response operator RAO of model machinemAnd model Capture Width ratio CWRmAnd testing the period T with a regular wavermDrawing model amplitude response operator RAO in rectangular coordinate system of abscissamAnd model Capture Width ratio CWRmThe wave-facing surface width of a model prototype of the wave power generation device is bm；
2) According to the Froude similarity criterion, carrying out RAO (model amplitude response operator) on a model prototype of the wave energy power generation device corresponding to a modelmModel Capture Width ratio CWRmAnd a regular wave test period TrmConverting into amplitude response operator RAO, capture width ratio CWR and regular wave period T corresponding to wave power generation devicerAnd in a period T of regular waverDrawing a curve of an amplitude response operator RAO and a capture width ratio CWR in a rectangular coordinate system with an abscissa, wherein the conversion relation is as follows:
wherein λ is b/bm；
3) Taking the ith single wave as a regular wave, and calculating the time-average generated power P of the wave energy power generation device corresponding to the ith single wave based on the wave-facing surface width b, the amplitude response operator RAO and the curve of the capture width ratio CWRw_av，iAnd a maximum speed Vmax，iThe calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, RAOiAnd CWRiRepresents Tr＝TiAmplitude response operator RAO and Capture Width ratio CWR, JiRepresents TiAnd HiThe following regular wave energy density is expressed as:
wherein rho is the density of the seawater, and g is the acceleration of gravity.
Further, the step S8 specifically includes the following 2 steps:
1) treating the PTO as a linear damping RPTOAccording to Pw_av，iAnd Vmax，iEstimating the instantaneous generating power P corresponding to the ith single wavew，i(t), the specific formula is as follows:
wherein t represents time;
2) drawing instantaneous generating power P corresponding to the ith single wave in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and power P as an ordinatew，i(t) in the time domain, the curve being w-shaped.
Further, the step S9 specifically includes the following 3 steps:
1) drawing a straight line P ═ P in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and power P as an ordinatew_rateThe straight line is parallel to the time axis, let Pw，i(t) P onw，i(t)＞Pw_rateIs a section of collinear line P ═ Pw_rateThe area of the enclosed region is the excess energy Ee，i，Ee，iThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein, Pe，i(t) is Pw，i(t) exceeding Pw_rateThe power value of (d);
2) cutting off excess energy Ee，iA 1 is to Pw，i(t) correction to Pw，i2(t)，Pw，i2The formula for calculation of (t) is:
3) calculating and setting rated power generation power Pw_rateLater generated power time average value Pw_av，i2The calculation formula is as follows:
further, the step S10 specifically includes the following 2 steps:
1) introducing instantaneous load power Pl(t) extracting instantaneous load power P in the ith single-wave corresponding period from the intermediate sectionl，i(t) plotting P in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as abscissa and power P as ordinatel，i(t) time domain plot;
2) calculating the time-average load power P in the ith single wave corresponding time periodl_av，iThe calculation formula is as follows:
further, the step S11 specifically includes the following 2 steps:
1) comparison Pw，i2(t) and Pl，i(t) adding Pw，i2(t) P onw，i2(t)＞Pl，i(t) a segment of the same as Pl，i(t) areas 1 and P of the regionw，i2(t) P onw，i2(t)＜Pl，i(t) a segment of the same as Pl，i(t) making a difference in the area 2 of the region surrounded by the first single wave, wherein the difference is the charge and discharge amount E of the stored electricity in the corresponding time period of the ith single waveb，iIf the area 1 is larger than or equal to the area 2, it indicates that the storage battery is charged, and the storage charge-discharge amount Eb，iNot less than 0, if the area 1 is less than the area 2, the storage battery discharges, and the charge-discharge amount E of the storage batteryb，i＜0；
2) Calculating the charge and discharge quantity E of the stored electricity in the ith single-wave corresponding time periodb，iThe calculation formula is as follows:
Eb，i＝(Pw_av，i2-Pl_av，i)*Ti (10)。
further, the step S13 specifically includes the following 4 steps:
1) calculating the instantaneous electric quantity E of the storage batteryb(t) the calculation formula is:
wherein, I represents that the time t falls in the time interval corresponding to the I-th single wave;
2) drawing E on a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and electric quantity E as an ordinateb(t) a time domain curve in the form of a polyline, the time corresponding to the kth inflection point on the curve being
Corresponding to the instantaneous electric quantity of the storage battery being
3) Get Eb(t) the difference between the upper and lower limits of the battery is the maximum net charge-discharge capacity E of the batteryb_max；
4) Based on Eb_maxCalculate nth groups b and Pw_rateCorresponding rated capacity E of accumulatorb_rate，Eb_maxThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Eb_rate＝ξEb_max (12)
where xi is the capacity margin coefficient, xi > 1.
Further, in step S14, the calculation formula of the total construction cost C of the wave energy power generation device and the storage battery is as follows:
wherein, CbFor the construction cost of the accumulator, CwFor the construction costs of wave-energy power plants, Eb0Rated capacity of a single battery, cb0And cb2Market average price and installation transportation fee of single battery respectivelyM is the weight of the wave power generation device excluding the three-phase AC generator corresponding to the unit wave front width, cw0、cw1And cw2Market average price, processing cost and installation and transportation cost of steel products of unit mass, respectively, cg0And cg2Respectively the market average price and the installation and transportation cost of the unit power three-phase alternating-current generator.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method comprehensively considers the actual load power consumption demand, the design sea state and the model characteristic parameters, and ensures the reliability of the planning result; the capacities of the wave energy power generation device and the storage battery are planned in a unified manner, so that the scientificity and rationality of the planning content are guaranteed; the cost of each item in the construction stage and the energy supply and demand balance in the operation stage are inspected, so that the planning result can meet the economic requirement and can also ensure the power supply reliability requirement; on the basis of the known load power utilization condition, simulation calculation and capacity planning can be carried out only by utilizing sea condition statistical data of a design sea area and model characteristic parameters of the wave energy power generation device, the planning process is simple and convenient, a large number of sea condition sea tests in the design stage are effectively avoided, and the design period of the wave energy independent power generation system is shortened.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of capacity planning of a wave energy independent power generation system in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the wave energy independent power generation system in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for acquiring a continuous irregular wave time-domain waveform in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows the wave height H of the ith single wave in the embodiment of the present inventioniAnd period TiSchematic diagram of the acquisition method.
FIG. 5 shows the time-average generated power P corresponding to the ith single wave in the embodiment of the present inventionw_av，iAnd a maximum speed Vmax，iSchematic diagram of the acquisition method.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the instantaneous generated power P in the ith single-wave corresponding period in the embodiment of the present inventionw，iTime domain curve of (t), instantaneous load power Pl，i(t) time domain curve and battery charge and discharge quantity Eb，iSchematic diagram of the acquisition method.
FIG. 7 shows the instantaneous electric quantity E of the battery in the embodiment of the present inventionb(t) time domain curve and maximum net charge and discharge capacity E of storage batteryb_maxSchematic diagram of the acquisition method.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
A capacity planning method for a wave energy independent power generation system is suitable for all wave energy independent power generation systems, and takes the wave energy independent power generation system shown in FIG. 2 as an example, and comprises a wave energy power generation device, a three-phase alternating current cable at the outlet of a power generator, an uncontrollable three-phase rectifier bridge, a 1# capacitor, a Buck-Boost circuit, a direct current bus, a 2# capacitor, a passive inverter circuit, a load three-phase alternating current cable, an alternating current load, a bidirectional DC/DC converter, a storage battery, a Buck circuit and a direct current load. The wave energy power generation device is connected with the alternating current side of the uncontrollable rectifier bridge through a three-phase alternating current cable at the outlet of the generator, the positive pole of the direct current side of the uncontrollable rectifier bridge is connected with the positive pole of the input end of the Buck-Boost circuit, the negative pole of the direct current side of the uncontrollable rectifier bridge is connected with the negative pole of the input end of the Buck-Boost circuit, the No. 1 capacitor is connected in parallel between the positive pole and the negative pole of the input end of the Buck-Boost circuit, the positive pole of the output end of the Buck-Boost circuit is connected with the positive pole of the direct current bus, the negative pole of the output end of the Buck-Boost circuit is connected with the negative pole of the direct current bus, the No. 2 capacitor is connected in parallel between the positive pole and the negative pole of the direct current bus, the positive pole of the direct current side of the passive inverter circuit is connected with the positive pole of the direct current bus, the negative electrode of the input side of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the positive electrode of the output side of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery, the negative electrode of the output side of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery, the positive electrode of the input side of the Buck circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus, the negative electrode of the input side of the Buck circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the positive electrode of the output side of the Buck circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current load.
The working principle of the wave energy independent power generation system is as follows: three-phase alternating current generated by the wave energy power generation device is rectified by an uncontrollable three-phase rectifier bridge and filtered by a No. 1 capacitor, then converted into direct current, and enters a direct current bus with stable voltage after being subjected to voltage reduction or voltage boosting by a Buck-Boost circuit, an alternating current load obtains electric energy from the direct current bus through a passive inverter circuit, the direct current load obtains electric energy from the direct current bus after being subjected to voltage reduction by the Buck circuit, and a storage battery charges and discharges to the direct current bus through a bidirectional DC/DC converter; when the generated power of the wave energy power generation device is filtered by the 1# capacitor and the 2# capacitor and is larger than the power required by the alternating current load and the direct current load, the redundant power is charged to the storage battery through the direct current bus; when the generated power of the wave energy power generation device is filtered by the 1# capacitor and the 2# capacitor and is smaller than the power required by the alternating current load and the direct current load, the storage battery discharges to the direct current bus to complement the lacking power.
A capacity planning method for a wave energy independent power generation system is shown in FIG. 1, and specifically comprises the following 16 steps:
s1, randomly extracting continuous irregular wave time domain waveforms of sea condition simulation according to the sea condition generation frequency in the sea condition statistical table of the design sea area, wherein the simulation duration is approximately the service life of the wave energy independent power generation system;
s2, dividing the wave sequence according to the upper zero crossing point, and decomposing a plurality of single waves, wherein the number of the single waves is marked as m;
s3, setting the wave-facing surface width b and the rated generating power P of the N groups of wave energy generating devicesw_rate；
S4, where n is 1 and i is 1;
s5, searching the nth group b and Pw_rate；
S6, counting the wave height H of the ith single waveiAnd period Ti；
S7, using group n b, and model amplitude response operator RAOmAnd model Capture Width ratio CWRmCalculating the time-average generated power P of the wave power generation device corresponding to the ith single wavew_av，iAnd a maximum speed Vmax，i；
S8, use of Pw_av，iAnd Vmax，iCalculating the instantaneous generating power P of the wave power generating device corresponding to the ith single wavew，i(t) and drawing Pw，i(t) time domain plot;
s9, P Using group nw_rateCutting off Pw，i(t)＞Pw_rateExcess energy E generatede，iAnd calculating the instantaneous generating power P after setting the rated generating powerw，i2(t) the time-averaged generated power Pw_av，i2；
S10, introducing instantaneous load power Pl(t) extracting instantaneous load power P in the ith single-wave corresponding period from the intermediate sectionl，i(t), drawing Pl，i(t) time domain curve, and calculating the time-average load power P in the ith single wave corresponding time periodl_av，i；
S11, according to Pw，i2(t) and Pl，i(t) calculating the charge and discharge quantity E of the storage battery in the ith single-wave corresponding time periodb，i，Eb，iMore than or equal to 0 represents the charging of the storage battery, otherwise represents the discharging;
s12, judging whether i is smaller than m, if i is smaller than m, i is equal to i +1, and returning to S6, otherwise, executing S13;
s13, calculating the instantaneous electric quantity E of the storage batteryb(t) and drawing Eb(t) time domain plot, take Eb(t) the difference between the upper limit and the lower limit of the time domain curve is the maximum net charge-discharge capacity E of the storage batteryb_maxBased on Eb_maxCalculate nth groups b and Pw_rateCorresponding rated capacity E of accumulatorb_rate；
S14 based on n groups b and Pw_rateAnd corresponding Eb_rateCalculating the total construction cost C of the corresponding wave energy power generation device and the storage battery;
s15, judging whether N is smaller than N, if N is smaller than N, then N is N +1, and returning to S5, otherwise, executing S16;
s16, selecting the smallest C of N cases, and using the b, P corresponding to Cw_rate，Eb_rateAs a result of the capacity planning.
The specific implementation process of step S1 is shown in fig. 3, and includes the following 7 steps:
1) acquiring a design sea state statistical table, setting the duration of historical information counted by the design sea state statistical table as the operating life of the wave energy independent power generation system, and characterizing a certain sea state in the design sea state statistical table as a group of specific sense wave height HsAnd peak period TpDesigning each grid in the sea state statistical table of the sea area to represent the occurrence frequency of the corresponding sea state, wherein the sum of the occurrence frequencies of all the sea states is 100 percent;
2) setting a random number generator, wherein the random number generation area is 0-100;
3) according to the sense-first wave height HsRe-peak period TpIn the order of (1), or peak-first period TpReseense wave height HsThe sea state statistical table of the sea area is designed in a traversing way, wherein the sea state with the occurrence frequency of 0% is automatically skipped, and the random number generation subareas corresponding to the sea states are synchronously set, and the size of the random number generation subareas is the occurrence frequency of the corresponding sea state × 100, for example:
sea state # 1: height of sense wave Hs0.5m, peak period Tp4s, correspond to 1# random number generation sub-region: greater than or equal to 0, less than 4.3, and the size is 4.3;
sea state # 2: height of sense wave Hs1.0m, peak period Tp4s, correspond to 2# random number generation sub-region: greater than or equal to 4.3, less than 6.9, and the size is 2.6;
and the like;
sea state # 26: height of sense wave Hs0.5m, peak period Tp14s, correspond to # 26 random number generation sub-region: greater than or equal to 99.9, less than or equal to 100, and the size is 0.1;
4) taking 0.5 hour as an example, the operating life of the wave energy independent power generation system is equally divided into a plurality of time periods, the duration of each time period is 0.5 hour, a random number generator is utilized to generate random number arrays within 0-100 according to the sequence number of the time periods, and the sea condition corresponding to each time period is selected according to the random number generation sub-region where each random number in the random number arrays is located, for example:
1# random number: 11.5, located in the 3# random number generating sub-region, so that the 1# time period corresponds to the 3# sea state;
2# random number: 25.5, located in the 4# random number generating sub-region, so that the 2# time period corresponds to the 4# sea state;
3# random number: 86.3, located in the 12# random number generating sub-region, so that the 3# time period corresponds to the 12# sea state;
and the like;
5) using wave spectral function Sω(omega) simulating the wave height time domain waveform h (t) of each time interval, wave spectrum function SωThe shape of (omega) is determined by the sense wave height H of the sea state corresponding to each time periodsAnd peak period TpAnd determining the spectrum type, wherein the simulation duration of the wave height time domain waveform h (t) is slightly more than 0.5 hour, and the calculation formula is as follows:
where M denotes dividing the wave frequency ω into M equal parts, Δ ω being the length of each part, ωjIs the mean value of all wave frequencies omega in the j (j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M) th part, pi is the circumferential rate, randjIs omegajA corresponding random number between 0 and 1;
6) intercepting a characteristic waveform of a corresponding time period from a wave height time domain waveform h (T) of each time period, wherein the starting point and the end point of each characteristic waveform are zero points, namely the wave height h is 0, the wave height h of each point between the starting point and the zero point of the next time in each characteristic waveform is more than 0, the wave height h of each point between the end point and the zero point of the previous time in each characteristic waveform is less than 0, the duration of each characteristic waveform is about 0.5 hour, and the absolute value of a positive error and a negative error is not higher than the peak value period T of the sea state of the corresponding time periodp；
7) And finally forming a continuous irregular wave time domain waveform according to the characteristic waveforms of the time periods connected end to end in the time period sequence.
The specific implementation process of step S2 is shown in fig. 4, and includes the following 2 steps:
1) counting an upper crossing zero point, namely a special zero point in a continuous irregular wave time domain waveform, wherein the wave height h of a point between the zero point and the zero point of the next time is more than 0, or the wave height h of a point between the zero point and the zero point of the previous time is less than 0;
2) a section of continuous irregular wave time domain waveform between two adjacent upper cross zero points is taken as a single wave, the continuous irregular wave time domain waveform is divided into a plurality of single waves, the number of the single waves is recorded as m, and all the single waves form a wave sequence according to the time sequence.
The specific implementation process of step S6 is shown in fig. 4, and includes the following 3 steps:
1) determining the ith single wave, wherein the ith single wave crosses the zero point a on the ith single waveiAnd the i +1 th upper zero crossing point ai+1A section of continuous irregular wave time domain waveform in between;
2) calculating the wave height H of the ith single waveiWave height HiThe difference between the highest wave height value and the lowest wave height value in the ith single wave;
3) calculating the period T of the ith single waveiPeriod T ofiThe time length of the ith single wave.
The specific implementation process of step S7 is shown in fig. 5, and includes the following 3 steps:
1) obtaining different regular wave test periods T through numerical water tank simulation or physical water tank experimentrmModel amplitude response operator RAO of wave energy power generation device model prototypemAnd model Capture Width ratio CWRmAnd testing the period T with a regular wavermDrawing model amplitude response operator RAO in rectangular coordinate system of abscissamAnd model Capture Width ratio CWRmThe wave-facing surface width of a model prototype of the wave power generation device is bm；
2) According to the Froude similarity criterion, carrying out RAO (model amplitude response operator) on a model prototype of the wave energy power generation device corresponding to a modelmModel Capture Width ratio CWRmAnd a regular wave test period TrmConverted into wavesAmplitude response operator RAO, capture width ratio CWR and regular wave period T corresponding to wave energy power generation devicerIn a period T of regular waverDrawing a curve of an amplitude response operator RAO and a capture width ratio CWR in a rectangular coordinate system with an abscissa, wherein the conversion relation is as follows:
wherein λ is b/bm；
3) Taking the ith single wave as a regular wave, and calculating the time-average generated power P of the wave energy power generation device corresponding to the ith single wave based on the wave-facing surface width b, the amplitude response operator RAO and the curve of the capture width ratio CWRw_av，iAnd a maximum speed Vmax，iThe calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, RAOiAnd CWRiRepresents Tr＝TiAmplitude response operator RAO and Capture Width ratio CWR, JiRepresents TiAnd HiThe following regular wave energy density is expressed as:
wherein rho is the density of the seawater, and g is the acceleration of gravity.
The specific implementation process of step S8 is shown in fig. 6, and includes the following 2 steps:
1) treating the PTO as a linear damping RPTOAccording to Pw_av，iAnd Vmax，iEstimating the instantaneous generating power P corresponding to the ith single wavew，i(t), the specific formula is as follows:
wherein t is time;
2) drawing instantaneous generating power P corresponding to the ith single wave in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and power P as an ordinatew，i(t) in the time domain, the curve being w-shaped.
The specific implementation process of step S9 is shown in fig. 6, and includes the following 3 steps:
1) drawing a straight line P ═ P in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and power P as an ordinatew_rateThe straight line is parallel to the time axis, let Pw，i(t) P onw，i(t)＞Pw_rateIs a section of collinear line P ═ Pw_rateThe area of the enclosed region is the excess energy Ee，i，Ee，iThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein, Pe，i(t) is Pw，i(t) exceeding Pw_rateThe power value of (d);
2) cutting off excess energy Ee，iA 1 is to Pw，i(t) correction to Pw，i2(t)，Pw，i2The formula for calculation of (t) is:
3) calculating and setting rated power generation power Pw_rateLater generated power time average value Pw_av，i2The calculation formula is as follows:
the specific implementation process of step S10 is shown in fig. 6, and includes the following 2 steps:
1) introducing instantaneous load power Pl(t) when the ith single wave is intercepted and corresponded toInstantaneous load power P within a segmentl，i(t) plotting P in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as abscissa and power P as ordinatel，i(t) time domain plot;
2) calculating the time-average load power P in the ith single wave corresponding time periodl_av，iThe calculation formula is as follows:
the specific implementation process of step S11 is shown in fig. 6, and includes the following 2 steps:
1) comparison Pw，i2(t) and Pl，i(t) adding Pw，i2(t) P onw，i2(t)＞Pl，i(t) a segment of the same as Pl，i(t) areas 1 and P of the regionw，i2(t) P onw，i2(t)＜Pl，i(t) a segment of the same as Pl，i(t) making a difference in the area 2 of the region surrounded by the first single wave, wherein the difference is the charge and discharge amount E of the stored electricity in the corresponding time period of the ith single waveb，iIf the area 1 is larger than or equal to the area 2, it indicates that the storage battery is charged, and the storage charge-discharge amount Eb，iNot less than 0, if the area 1 is less than the area 2, the storage battery discharges, and the charge-discharge amount E of the storage batteryb，iLess than 0, the areas of area 1 and area 2 offset by each other are Ecs，iAnd Ecd，iThe energy stored and released by the 1# capacitor and the 2# capacitor of the wave energy independent power generation system in the ith single wave corresponding time period is represented;
2) the charge and discharge amount E of the stored electricity in the ith single-wave corresponding time periodb，iThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Eb，i＝(Pw_av，i2-Pl_av，i)*Ti (10)。
the specific implementation process of S13 is shown in fig. 7, and specifically includes the following 4 steps:
1) calculating the instantaneous electric quantity E of the storage batteryb(t) the calculation formula is:
wherein, I represents that the time t falls in the time interval corresponding to the I-th single wave;
2) drawing E on a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and electric quantity E as an ordinateb(t) a time domain curve in the form of a polyline, the time corresponding to the kth inflection point on the curve being
Corresponding to the instantaneous electric quantity of the storage battery being
3) Get Eb(t) the difference between the upper and lower limits of the battery is the maximum net charge-discharge capacity E of the batteryb_max；
4) Based on Eb_maxCalculate nth groups b and Pw_rateCorresponding rated capacity E of accumulatorb_rate，Eb_maxThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Eb_rate＝ξEb_max (12)
where xi is the capacity margin coefficient, xi > 1.
In step S14, the calculation formula of the total construction cost C of the wave power generation device and the storage battery is:
wherein, CbFor the construction cost of the accumulator, CwFor the construction costs of wave-energy power plants, Eb0Rated capacity of a single battery, cb0And cb2Respectively the market average price and the installation and transportation cost of a single battery, m is the weight of the wave power generation device except the three-phase alternating-current generator corresponding to the unit wave-facing surface width, cw0、cw1And cw2Market average price, processing cost and installation and transportation cost of steel products of unit mass, respectively, cg0And cg2Three-phase AC power generation with unit power respectivelyThe market price of the machine is equalized and the installation and transportation cost is reduced.
The method comprehensively considers the actual load power consumption demand, the design sea state and the model characteristic parameters, and ensures the reliability of the planning result; the capacities of the wave energy power generation device and the storage battery are planned in a unified manner, so that the scientificity and rationality of the planning content are guaranteed; the cost of each item in the construction stage and the energy supply and demand balance in the operation stage are inspected, so that the planning result can meet the economic requirement and can also ensure the power supply reliability requirement; on the basis of the known load power utilization condition, simulation calculation and capacity planning can be carried out only by utilizing sea condition statistical data of a design sea area and model characteristic parameters of the wave energy power generation device, the planning process is simple and convenient, a large number of sea condition sea tests in the design stage are effectively avoided, and the design period of the wave energy independent power generation system is shortened.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. A capacity planning method for a wave energy independent power generation system is characterized by comprising the following steps: utilizing sea condition statistical data of designed sea area and model amplitude response operator RAO of model prototype of wave energy power generation devicemAnd model Capture Width ratio CWRmCalculating a time domain curve of instantaneous generating power of the wave energy generating device, and planning the wave-facing surface width b and the rated generating power P of the wave energy generating device by taking the total construction cost C of the wave energy generating device and a storage battery as a target on the basis of the time domain curve of the instantaneous generating power and the time domain curve of the instantaneous load powerw_rateAnd rated capacity E of the storage batteryb_rate。
2. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 1, characterized by: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s1, randomly extracting continuous irregular wave time domain waveforms of sea condition simulation according to the sea condition occurrence frequency in the sea condition statistical data of the designed sea area, wherein the simulation duration is approximately the service life of the wave energy independent power generation system;
s2, dividing the wave sequence according to the upper zero crossing point, and decomposing a plurality of single waves, wherein the number of the single waves is marked as m;
s3, setting the wave-facing surface width b and the rated generating power P of the N groups of wave energy generating devicesw_rate；
S4, where n is 1 and i is 1;
s5, searching the nth group b and Pw_rate；
S6, counting the wave height H of the ith single waveiAnd period Ti；
S7 using group n b and model amplitude response operator RAOmAnd model Capture Width ratio CWRmCalculating the time-average generated power P of the wave power generation device corresponding to the ith single wavew_av，iAnd a maximum speed Vmax，i；
S8, use of Pw_av，iAnd Vmax，iCalculating the instantaneous generating power P of the wave power generating device corresponding to the ith single wavew，i(t) and drawing Pw，i(t) time domain plot;
s9, P Using group nw_rateCutting off Pw，i(t)＞Pw_rateExcess energy E generatede，iAnd calculating the instantaneous generating power P after setting the rated generating powerw，i2(t) the time-averaged generated power Pw_av，i2；
S10, introducing instantaneous load power Pl(t) extracting instantaneous load power P in the ith single-wave corresponding period from the intermediate sectionl，i(t), drawing Pl，i(t) time domain curve, and calculating the time-average load power P in the ith single wave corresponding time periodl_av，i；
S11, according to Pw，i2(t) and Pl，i(t) calculating the charge and discharge quantity E of the storage battery in the ith single-wave corresponding time periodb，i，Eb，iMore than or equal to 0 represents the charging of the storage battery, otherwise represents the discharging;
s12, judging whether i is smaller than m, if i is smaller than m, i is equal to i +1, and returning to S6, otherwise, executing S13;
s13, calculating the instantaneous electric quantity E of the storage batteryb(t) and drawing Eb(t) time domain plot, take Eb(t) the difference between the upper limit and the lower limit of the time domain curve is the maximum net charge-discharge capacity E of the storage batteryb_maxBased on Eb_maxCalculate nth groups b and Pw_rateCorresponding rated capacity E of accumulatorb_rate；
S14 based on n groups b and Pw_rateAnd corresponding Eb_rateCalculating the total construction cost C of the corresponding wave energy power generation device and the storage battery;
s15, judging whether N is smaller than N, if N is smaller than N, then N is N +1, and returning to S5, otherwise, executing S16;
s16, selecting the smallest N C, and using the C to correspond to b and Pw_rate、Eb_rateAs a result of the capacity planning.
3. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 2, characterized by: in step S1, the following steps are included,
1) obtaining sea condition statistical data of a design sea area, setting the duration of historical information counted by the sea condition statistical data as the service life of the wave energy independent power generation system, and characterizing a certain sea condition in the sea condition statistical data as a group of specific sense wave height HsAnd peak period TpEach grid in the sea state statistical data represents the occurrence frequency of the corresponding sea state, and the sum of the occurrence frequencies of all the sea states is 100 percent;
2) setting a random number generator, wherein the random number generation area is 0-100;
3) according to the sense-first wave height HsRe-peak period TpIn the order of (1), or peak-first period TpReseense wave height HsThe sea states in the sea state statistical table of the sea area are designed in a traversing mode in sequence, wherein the sea states with the occurrence frequency of 0% are automatically skipped, random number generation sub-areas corresponding to the sea states are synchronously set, and the size of the random number generation sub-areas is the occurrence frequency of the corresponding sea states, namely 100;
4) dividing the operating life of the wave energy independent power generation system into a plurality of time periods equally, generating a random number array within 0-100 by using a random number generator according to the sequence of time period sequence numbers, and selecting sea conditions corresponding to the time periods according to a random number generation sub-region in which each random number in the random number array is located;
5) using wave spectral function Sω(omega) simulating the wave height time domain waveform h (t) of each time interval, wave spectrum function SωThe shape of (omega) is determined by the sense wave height H of the sea state corresponding to each time periodsAnd peak period TpAnd determining the spectrum type, wherein the simulation duration of the wave height time domain waveform h (t) is slightly longer than the duration of the corresponding time period, the calculation formula of h (t) is as follows,
where M denotes dividing the wave frequency ω into M equal parts, Δ ω being the length of each part, ωjIs the mean value of all wave frequencies omega in the j (j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M) th part, pi is the circumferential rate, randjIs omegajA corresponding random number between 0 and 1;
6) intercepting a characteristic waveform of a corresponding time period from a wave height time domain waveform h (T) of each time period, wherein a starting point and an end point of each characteristic waveform are zero points, namely the wave height h is 0, the wave height h of each point between the starting point and the zero point of the next time in each characteristic waveform is more than 0, the wave height h of each point between the end point and the zero point of the previous time in each characteristic waveform is less than 0, the duration of each characteristic waveform is about the duration of the corresponding time period, and the absolute value of a positive error and a negative error is not higher than the peak value period T of the sea state of the corresponding time periodp；
7) And finally forming a continuous irregular wave time domain waveform according to the characteristic waveforms of the time periods connected end to end in the time period sequence.
4. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 2, characterized by: in step S2, the following steps are included,
1) counting an upper crossing zero point, namely a special zero point in a continuous irregular wave time domain waveform, wherein the wave height h of a point between the zero point and the zero point of the next time is more than 0, or the wave height h of a point between the zero point and the zero point of the previous time is less than 0;
2) a section of continuous irregular wave time domain waveform between two adjacent upper cross zero points is taken as a single wave, the continuous irregular wave time domain waveform is divided into a plurality of single waves, the number of the single waves is recorded as m, and all the single waves form a wave sequence according to the time sequence.
5. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 2, characterized by: in step S6, the following steps are included,
1) determining the ith single wave, wherein the ith single wave crosses the zero point a on the ith single waveiAnd the i +1 th upper zero crossing point ai+1A section of continuous irregular wave time domain waveform in between;
2) calculating the wave height H of the ith single waveiWave height HiThe difference between the highest wave height value and the lowest wave height value on the ith single wave;
3) calculating the period T of the ith single waveiPeriod T ofiThe time length of the ith single wave.
6. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 2, characterized by: in step S7, the following steps are included,
1) obtaining different regular wave test periods T through numerical water tank simulation or physical water tank experimentrmModel amplitude response operator RAO of wave energy power generation device model prototypemAnd model Capture Width ratio CWRmAnd testing the period T with a regular wavermDrawing model amplitude response operator RAO in rectangular coordinate system of abscissamAnd model Capture Width ratio CWRmThe wave-facing surface width of a model prototype of the wave power generation device is bm；
2) According to the Froude similarity criterion, carrying out RAO (model amplitude response operator) on a model prototype of the wave energy power generation device corresponding to a modelmModel Capture Width ratio CWRmAnd a regular wave test period TrmConverting into amplitude response operator RAO and capture width ratio CW corresponding to wave energy power generation deviceR and the regular wave period TrAnd in a period T of regular waverThe curve of the amplitude response operator RAO and the capture width ratio CWR is drawn in a rectangular coordinate system of an abscissa, the conversion relation is,
wherein λ is b/bm；
3) Taking the ith single wave as a regular wave, and calculating the time-average generated power P of the wave energy power generation device corresponding to the ith single wave based on the wave-facing surface width b, the amplitude response operator RAO and the curve of the capture width ratio CWRw_av，iAnd a maximum speed Vmax，iThe calculation formula is as follows,
wherein, RAOiAnd CWRiRepresents Tr＝TiAmplitude response operator RAO and Capture Width ratio CWR, JiRepresents TiAnd HiThe following regular wave energy density is expressed as,
wherein rho is the density of the seawater, and g is the acceleration of gravity.
7. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 2, characterized by: in step S8, the following steps are included,
1) treating the PTO as a linear damping RPTOAccording to Pw_av，iAnd Vmax，iEstimating the instantaneous generating power P corresponding to the ith single wavew，i(t), the concrete formula is as follows,
wherein t represents time;
2) drawing instantaneous generating power P corresponding to the ith single wave in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and power P as an ordinatew，i(t) in the time domain, the curve being w-shaped.
8. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 2, characterized by: in step S9, the following steps are included,
1) drawing a straight line P ═ P in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and power P as an ordinatew_rateThe straight line is parallel to the time axis, let Pw，i(t) P onw，i(t)＞Pw_rateIs a section of collinear line P ═ Pw_rateThe area of the enclosed region is the excess energy Ee，i，Ee，iThe formula for calculating (a) is as follows,
wherein, Pe，i(t) is Pw，i(t) exceeding Pw_rateThe power value of (d);
2) cutting off excess energy Ee，iA 1 is to Pw，i(t) correction to Pw，i2(t)，Pw，i2The calculation formula of (t) is as follows,
3) calculating and setting rated power generation power Pw_rateLater generated power time average value Pw_av，i2，Pw_av，i2The formula for calculating (a) is as follows,
9. the wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 2, characterized by: in step S10, the following steps are included,
1) introducing instantaneous load power Pl(t) extracting instantaneous load power P in the ith single-wave corresponding period from the intermediate sectionl，i(t) plotting P in a rectangular coordinate system with time t as abscissa and power P as ordinatel，i(t) time domain plot;
2) calculating the time-average load power P in the ith single wave corresponding time periodl_av，iThe calculation formula is as follows,
10. the wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 2, characterized by: in step S11, the following steps are included,
1) comparison Pw，i2(t) and Pl，i(t) adding Pw，i2(t) P onw，i2(t)＞Pl，i(t) a segment of the same as Pl，i(t) areas 1 and P of the regionw，i2(t) P onw，i2(t)＜Pl，i(t) a segment of the same as Pl，i(t) making a difference in the area 2 of the region surrounded by the first single wave, wherein the difference is the charge and discharge amount E of the stored electricity in the corresponding time period of the ith single waveb，iIf the area 1 is larger than or equal to the area 2, it indicates that the storage battery is charged, and the storage charge-discharge amount Eb，iNot less than 0, if the area 1 is less than the area 2, the storage battery discharges, and the charge-discharge amount E of the storage batteryb，i＜0；
2) Calculating the charge and discharge quantity E of the stored electricity in the ith single-wave corresponding time periodb，iThe calculation formula is as follows,
Eb，i＝(Pw_av，i2-Pl_av，i)*Ti (10)。
11. the wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 2, characterized by: in step S13, the following steps are included,
1) calculating the instantaneous electric quantity E of the storage batteryb(t) the calculation formula is,
wherein, I represents that the time t falls in the time interval corresponding to the I-th single wave;
2) drawing E on a rectangular coordinate system with time t as an abscissa and electric quantity E as an ordinateb(t) a time domain curve in the form of a polyline, the time corresponding to the kth inflection point on the curve being
Corresponding to the instantaneous electric quantity of the storage battery being
3) Get Eb(t) the difference between the upper and lower limits of the battery is the maximum net charge-discharge capacity E of the batteryb_max；
4) Based on Eb_maxCalculate nth groups b and Pw_rateCorresponding rated capacity E of accumulatorb_rate，Eb_maxThe formula for calculating (a) is as follows,
Eb_rate＝ξEb_max (12)
where xi is the capacity margin coefficient, xi > 1.
12. The wave energy independent power generation system capacity planning method of claim 2, characterized by: in step S14, the total construction cost C of the wave power generation device and the storage battery is calculated by the formula,
wherein, CbFor the construction cost of the accumulator, CwFor the construction costs of wave-energy power plants, Eb0Rated capacity of a single battery, cb0And cb2Respectively the market average price and the installation and transportation cost of a single battery, m is the weight of the wave power generation device except the three-phase alternating-current generator corresponding to the unit wave-facing surface width, cw0、cw1And cw2Market average price, processing cost and installation and transportation cost of steel products of unit mass, respectively, cg0And cg2Respectively the market average price and the installation and transportation cost of the unit power three-phase alternating-current generator.
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| CN103399273A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-11-20 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Real sea state testing method for wave energy device |
| CN104701871A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-10 | 国家电网公司 | Wind, light and water-containing multi-source complementary micro-grid hybrid energy storage capacity optimal proportion method |
| CN105863940A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-08-17 | 中国海洋大学 | Combined wave power generation device provided with oscillating buoys as well as measurement and control system and method of device |
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2020
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103399273A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-11-20 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Real sea state testing method for wave energy device |
| CN104701871A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-06-10 | 国家电网公司 | Wind, light and water-containing multi-source complementary micro-grid hybrid energy storage capacity optimal proportion method |
| CN105863940A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-08-17 | 中国海洋大学 | Combined wave power generation device provided with oscillating buoys as well as measurement and control system and method of device |
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