CN111927675A - Utilize regular hexagon water conservancy diversion bars to do draft tube of suppressing whirlpool device - Google Patents
Utilize regular hexagon water conservancy diversion bars to do draft tube of suppressing whirlpool device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111927675A CN111927675A CN202010660472.5A CN202010660472A CN111927675A CN 111927675 A CN111927675 A CN 111927675A CN 202010660472 A CN202010660472 A CN 202010660472A CN 111927675 A CN111927675 A CN 111927675A
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- draft tube
- regular hexagon
- wall
- straight cone
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/04—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator for diminishing cavitation or vibration, e.g. balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a draft tube which is connected with the outlet of a turbine runner and uses a regular hexagon diversion grid as a vortex suppression device, comprising a straight cone cylinder with a conical axial section and a through up-down direction, wherein the upper end is a conical small end, the lower end is a conical large end, the conical small end is an inlet, the conical large end is an outlet, a diversion grid is sleeved in the straight cone cylinder, the outer wall of the diversion grid is enclosed into a cylindrical structure with a cross section and an outer contour of a regular hexagon, a horizontal inner support is respectively connected between each vertex of the regular hexagon and the center of the straight cone cylinder in the cylindrical structure, each inner support is a vertically arranged plate-shaped structure, the radial length of each inner support is equal to that of the regular hexagon, the six inner supports divide the inside of the cylindrical structure into six identical equilateral triangle through grooves, the control on a dead water area at the central part of the draft tube is increased, and the circulation motion is suppressed, the eccentricity of the vortex belt is reduced, so that the strength of the vortex belt is reduced, and the pressure pulsation phenomenon caused by the vortex belt is weakened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low specific speed mixed-flow water turbines, in particular to a draft tube structure connected with an outlet of a rotating wheel of a water turbine.
Background
The hydraulic turbine is a power machine capable of converting potential energy of water flow into mechanical energy, and it uses water flow as power to drive other machines to work, belonging to the turbine machinery in fluid machinery. The water turbine is provided with a draft tube at the outlet of the rotating wheel, collects water flow flowing out of the rotating wheel, sends the water flow into a downstream river channel and recycles residual energy of the water flow at the outlet of the rotating wheel. When the water turbine deviates from the designed working condition, the outlet speed of the rotating wheel can generate circumferential component to cause low internal central pressure and high peripheral pressure of the draft tube, a dead water area is formed in the central area of the draft tube, the water flow at the central part forms reverse flow in a reverse flow upward way and simultaneously generates periodic eccentric motion to form a regular spiral vortex belt, the periodic swing of the vortex belt can generate a periodically changed pressure at a certain fixed point of the wall of the draft tube, thereby causing serious pressure pulsation phenomenon, causing the vibration of a unit and influencing the stable operation of the water turbine. The pressure pulsation of the draft tube is solved by adopting the following measures in engineering:
1) a flow guide structure is added in the tail water pipe to eliminate circulation so as to achieve the purpose of eliminating or weakening the eccentric vortex band.
2) An air supplement device is arranged in the draft tube to destroy the vacuum of the draft tube. The availability of air also causes certain undesirable phenomena, such as, during normal operating conditions, a reduction in the turbine output and an increase in the pressure pulsations behind the runner.
3) The outlet structure of the runner is improved, so that pressure pulsation is weakened, but the method is not suitable for all working conditions and has great influence on the whole operation of the water turbine.
At present, a vortex suppression device is added in a draft tube, so that the strength of a vortex in the draft tube can be limited, the pressure pulsation of the draft tube can be reduced, the stability and the safety of a water turbine set in running under a non-rated working condition can be improved, the maintenance cost of the water turbine set can be greatly reduced, and the overall efficiency of a water turbine is not greatly influenced. However, the problems of the draft tube are that: due to the structure and arrangement form of the splitter vane, the area of the overflowing section is small, the flow velocity of local fluid in the main flow area is low, and backflow is easy to generate. In addition, when the condition that the reposition of redundant personnel piece and reposition of redundant personnel section of thick bamboo damaged appears, be difficult for dismantling the change.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a draft tube which uses a regular hexagon flow guiding grid with six regular triangle through grooves inside as a vortex suppression device in order to overcome the defects of the prior art.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose: the invention includes a straight cone cylinder with conical axial section and through up and down, the upper end is a conical small end, the lower end is a conical big end, the conical small end is an inlet, the conical big end is an outlet, it is characterized in that: the flow guide grid is sleeved inside the straight cone cylinder, the outer wall of the flow guide grid is enclosed into a cylindrical structure with a cross section outline being a regular hexagon, a horizontal inner support is connected between each vertex of the regular hexagon and the center of the straight cone cylinder inside the cylindrical structure, each inner support is of a vertically arranged plate-shaped structure, the radial length of each inner support is equal to the side length of the regular hexagon, and six inner supports divide the inside of the cylindrical structure into six identical equilateral triangle through grooves.
The axial height of each internal support is equal to the height of the outer wall of the flow guide grid, and the internal supports are flush with the upper surface and the lower surface of the outer wall of the flow guide grid.
Six external supports are fixedly connected between the outer wall of the flow guide grid and the inner wall of the straight cone, the included angle between every two adjacent external supports is 60 degrees, each external support is horizontally arranged along the diameter direction, the outer end of each external support is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the straight cone, and the inner end of each external support is fixedly connected with the outer edge of the regular hexagon vertex of the flow guide grid.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts the regular hexagon flow-guiding grid with six regular triangle through grooves inside as the vortex suppression device, increases the control on the dead water area at the central part of the draft tube, suppresses the circulation motion and has a more stable structure.
2. The central pressure in the draft tube is low, the formed dead water area is easy to generate spiral vortex strips, therefore, the diversion grid is arranged at the position of the initial formation part of the vortex strips, when water flows through the diversion grid, the dead water area and the main flow area are blocked by the diversion grid, the energy obtained by the dead water area is reduced, meanwhile, the triangular through grooves in the diversion grid divide the regular hexagonal diversion grid into six regular triangles, the structural stability of the diversion grid is greatly improved, the reverse flow of the dead water area is reduced, a part of circulation is directly damaged, the eccentricity of the vortex strips is reduced, the strength of the vortex strips is greatly reduced, the pressure pulsation phenomenon caused by the vortex strips is weakened, and the operation stability of the unit is improved.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a vortex band forming route in a draft tube;
FIG. 5 is a draft tube pressure pulsation schematic;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of draft tube pressure pulsation cancellation;
in the figure: 1-inlet, 2-flange structure, 3-straight cone, 4-flow guiding grid, 5-external support, 6-outlet, 7-internal support and 8-connecting through hole.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the draft tube of the invention comprises a straight cone cylinder 3, wherein the axial section of the straight cone cylinder 3 is conical, the upper end of the straight cone cylinder 3 is a conical small end, the lower end of the straight cone cylinder is a conical large end, the conical small end is an open inlet 1, the conical large end is an open outlet 6, the straight cone cylinder 3 is communicated up and down, a flange structure 2 is processed at the peripheral edge of the inlet 1, eight connecting through holes 8 are uniformly formed in the flange structure 2 in the circumferential direction, and the straight cone cylinder 3 is fixedly connected with the outlet of the rotating wheel through the eight connecting through holes 8 by bolts. The central axis of the outlet of the rotating wheel is collinear with the central axis of the straight cone 3, and the outlet of the rotating wheel is communicated with the straight cone 3.
The guide grid 4 is sleeved in the straight cone 3, and the guide grid 4 is completely contained in the straight cone 3 and is not in contact with the inner side wall of the straight cone 3, and a distance is reserved between the guide grid 4 and the inner side wall. The outer wall of the flow guide grid 4 is enclosed into a cylindrical structure with a cross section and an outer contour of a regular hexagon, a horizontal inner support 7 is connected between each vertex of the regular hexagon and the center of the straight cone 3 inside the cylindrical structure, the six inner supports 7 are all arranged along the diameter direction, the inner ends of the six inner supports 7 are fixedly connected to the center of the straight cone 3, the outer ends of the six inner supports 7 are fixedly connected to the inner edge of each vertex of the regular hexagon respectively, and the inner supports 7 are identical in structure and are all plate-shaped structures which are arranged vertically. The radial length of each internal support 7 is equal to the side length of a regular hexagon, so that the six internal supports 7 divide the interior of the tubular structure of the flow guide grid 4 into six identical equilateral triangle through grooves. Each equilateral triangle through groove has a vertex positioned on the central line of the straight cone cylinder 3, and six vertexes of the six equilateral triangle through grooves are connected to the central line of the straight cone cylinder 3 together. The flow guide grid 4 is coaxially and concentrically sleeved inside the straight cone 3, and the central shaft of the flow guide grid 4 is collinear with the central shaft of the straight cone 3. The axial height of each inner support 7 is equal to the height of the outer wall of the air guide grid 4, and the axial height is flush with the upper surface and the lower surface of the outer wall of the air guide grid 4.
An external bracket 5 is fixedly connected between the outer wall of the flow guide grid 4 and the inner wall of the straight cone 3, and the flow guide grid 4 and the straight cone 3 are fixed. The outer brackets 5 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, six outer brackets 5 are arranged in total, and the angle between every two adjacent outer brackets 5 is 60 degrees. Each external support 5 is horizontally arranged along the diameter direction, the outer end of each external support 5 is fixed on the inner wall of the right cone barrel 3, and the inner end of each external support 5 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the top point of the regular hexagon of the flow guide grid 4. The outer support 5 is cylindrical, and the outer support 5 is located in the middle of the flow guiding grid 4 in the axial direction.
Diameter of inlet 1 on right cone 3D 1And diameter of outlet of turbine runnerDThe phase of the two phases is equal to each other,D 1=Douter diameter of the flange structure 2D 2=2.45 D 1. Axial height of the right cone 3L 1=（3.5～5）D 1. Diameter of outlet 6 of right-angle cone 3D 3=0.78 L 1。
The axial height of the flow-guiding grid 4 isL 2=（0.08～0.2）L 1. The axial distance from the lower end surface of the flow guide grid 4 to the upper end surface of the straight cone 3L 3=（4.5～6）L 2. Side length of each equilateral triangle through grooveL 4=0.55D 1. Outer side wall thickness of the flow guide grid 4t 1=（0.13～0.22）L 2. The thickness of the inner support 7 is 2t 1. The groove corner of each equilateral triangle through groove is processed, and the radius of the filletR=0.06 L 4And taking the integer of the product.
Outer diameter of outer stent 5D 4=（0.2～0.3）L 2. Axial thickness of the flange structure 2t 2=（0.2～0.28）D 1. Side wall thickness of the right cone 3t 3=（0.28～0.4）t 2. The centers of the eight connecting through holes 8 on the flange structure 2 are on the same circumference, and the diameter of the same circumference isD 5=2 D 1Each connecting through-hole 8 has a diameter ofD 6=（0.17～0.19）D 1And taking the standard diameter.
The whole diversion fence 4 is formed by casting, and the external bracket 5 is welded with the diversion fence 4 and the inner wall of the straight cone 3.
When the water turbine deviates from the optimal working condition to operate, water flow enters the inlet 1 of the straight cone cylinder 3 from the outlet of the rotating wheel, and due to the fact that the circumferential speed is provided, the phenomena of high peripheral pressure and low central pressure are formed, a dead water area is formed in the central portion of the straight cone cylinder 3, water flow in the dead water area forms reverse flow in a countercurrent mode upwards, meanwhile, periodic eccentric motion is generated, and a regular spiral vortex band is formed, and as shown in the figure 4, a route is formed for the vortex band. The vortex strips are continuously developed without any intervention measures, and due to the periodic eccentric motion of the vortex strips, periodic pressure changes are formed at a certain point on the side wall of the straight cone 3, so that a serious pressure pulsation phenomenon is caused. After the invention adopts the regular hexagon flow guiding grid 4 which is additionally provided with six equal-connected triangular through grooves inside the right cone 3, when the vortex belt passes through the flow guiding grid 4 at the initial stage of formation, the flow guiding grid 4 separates a dead water area positioned at the central part of the figure 4 from a main flow area, the normal flow of fluid in the main flow area is slightly influenced by an external bracket 5, the energy of the dead water area cannot be supplemented by the main flow area so as to be reduced, the strength of the vortex belt is inhibited when the strength of reverse flow upwards in a reverse flow is reduced, meanwhile, the flow guiding grid 4 has obvious function of damaging the circulation flow, so that the strength of the whole vortex belt is further reduced, the movement area of the vortex belt is corrected, and finally, as shown in figure 5, the eccentric movement with the eccentric distance of e along the side wall of the right cone 3 is developed, the state shown in figure 6 is changed, the eccentric movement in the right cone 3 close to the central area is realized, the eccentric distance of, e' < e, finally discharged from the outlet 6 of the straight cone 3, reducing the moving eccentricity of the vortex band and reducing the pressure pulsation phenomenon caused by the vortex band, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the unit. On the other hand, because the existence of triangle-shaped logical groove for the air guide fence 4 becomes the structure of compriseing six triangles by simple regular hexagon, when destroying the circulation, has improved air guide fence 4's stability greatly, improves air guide fence 4's life, adopts the mode of outside support 5 to connect, makes things convenient for later stage dismantlement to change and maintain.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an utilize regular hexagon water conservancy diversion bars to do draft tube of vortex suppression device, includes that an axial cross-section is conical straight cone section of thick bamboo (3) that link up from top to bottom, and its upper end is the toper tip, and its lower extreme is the toper main aspects, and toper tip department is import (1), and toper main aspects department is export (6), characterized by: the inside cover of a straight cone section of thick bamboo (3) has a water conservancy diversion bars (4), the outer wall of water conservancy diversion bars (4) encloses into the tubular structure that the cross section outline is regular hexagon, inside the tubular structure, respectively connect a horizontally inside support (7) between every summit of regular hexagon and the center of a straight cone section of thick bamboo (3), every inside support (7) all are the platelike structure of arranging perpendicularly, the radial length of every inside support (7) equals regular hexagon's length of side, six inside supports (7) are separated into six the same equilateral triangle logical grooves with tubular structure inside.
2. The draft tube of claim 1, wherein the draft tube comprises a regular hexagonal flow fence as a vortex suppression device, and the draft tube comprises: the axial height of each internal support (7) is equal to the height of the outer wall of the flow guide grid (4) and is flush with the upper surface and the lower surface of the outer wall of the flow guide grid (4).
3. The draft tube of claim 1, wherein the draft tube comprises a regular hexagonal flow fence as a vortex suppression device, and the draft tube comprises: six external supports (5) of fixed connection between water conservancy diversion bars (4) outer wall and straight awl section of thick bamboo (3) inner wall, the contained angle between two adjacent external supports (5) is 60, and every external support 5 all arranges along diameter direction level, and the outer end fixed connection straight awl section of thick bamboo (3) inner wall of every external support (5), the regular hexagon summit outer arris department of inner fixed connection water conservancy diversion bars (4).
4. The draft tube of claim 1, wherein the draft tube comprises a regular hexagonal flow fence as a vortex suppression device, and the draft tube comprises: diameter of the inlet (1)D 1And diameter of outlet of turbine runnerDEqual, axial height of the straight cone cylinder (3)L 1=（3.5～5）D 1Diameter of the outlet (6)D 3=0.78 L 1。
5. The draft tube of claim 4, wherein the draft tube comprises a regular hexagonal flow fence as a vortex suppression device, and the draft tube comprises: the axial height of the flow-guiding grid (4)L 2=（0.08～0.2）L 1The axial distance from the lower end surface of the flow guide grid (4) to the upper end surface of the straight cone cylinder (3)L 3=（4.5～6）L 2The side length of each equilateral triangle through grooveL 4=0.55D 1The thickness of the outer wall of the flow guide grid (4)t 1=（0.13～0.22）L 2The thickness of the inner support (7) is 2t 1。
6. The draft tube of claim 5, wherein the draft tube comprises a regular hexagonal flow fence as a vortex suppression device, and the draft tube comprises: the peripheral edge of the inlet (1) is provided with a flange structure (2), a straight cone cylinder (3) is fixedly connected with the outlet of the rotating wheel through the flange structure (2), and the axial thickness of the flange structure (2)t 2=（0.2～0.28）D 1Thickness of side wall of right cone (3)t 3=（0.28～0.4）t 2。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010660472.5A CN111927675B (en) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-07-10 | Utilize regular hexagon water conservancy diversion bars to do draft tube of suppressing whirlpool device |
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| CN202010660472.5A CN111927675B (en) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-07-10 | Utilize regular hexagon water conservancy diversion bars to do draft tube of suppressing whirlpool device |
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| CN111927675A true CN111927675A (en) | 2020-11-13 |
| CN111927675B CN111927675B (en) | 2022-02-15 |
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Citations (10)
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| US3292901A (en) * | 1965-03-04 | 1966-12-20 | Newport News S & D Co | Turbine apparatus |
| CN2100503U (en) * | 1991-07-20 | 1992-04-01 | 东方电机厂 | Vane flow-stabilizing device of turbines |
| JP2007120461A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Toshiba Corp | Vertical shaft valve type hydraulic power generation equipment |
| CN101158328A (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2008-04-09 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Novel draft-tube and preparation method thereof |
| CN103982361A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-13 | 中山市创想模型设计有限公司 | Draft tube for water turbine |
| CN203847319U (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-09-24 | 韩佳 | Wave energy power generating device |
| GB2512567A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2014-10-08 | Nenad Paunovic | Wind and hydro turbines turbulence control mechanism |
| CN106825657A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-13 | 哈尔滨善思科技有限责任公司 | A kind of method that 4 holes are made a call to based on the inclined operating mode hydraulic turbine draft cone of big flow |
| CN110259622A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-09-20 | 江苏大学 | A kind of conical draft tube with ellipse and regular hexagonal cell |
| CN110285005A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-09-27 | 江苏大学 | A kind of turbine draft tube with round and oval grid |
-
2020
- 2020-07-10 CN CN202010660472.5A patent/CN111927675B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3292901A (en) * | 1965-03-04 | 1966-12-20 | Newport News S & D Co | Turbine apparatus |
| CN2100503U (en) * | 1991-07-20 | 1992-04-01 | 东方电机厂 | Vane flow-stabilizing device of turbines |
| JP2007120461A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-17 | Toshiba Corp | Vertical shaft valve type hydraulic power generation equipment |
| CN101158328A (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2008-04-09 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Novel draft-tube and preparation method thereof |
| GB2512567A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2014-10-08 | Nenad Paunovic | Wind and hydro turbines turbulence control mechanism |
| CN203847319U (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-09-24 | 韩佳 | Wave energy power generating device |
| CN103982361A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2014-08-13 | 中山市创想模型设计有限公司 | Draft tube for water turbine |
| CN106825657A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-13 | 哈尔滨善思科技有限责任公司 | A kind of method that 4 holes are made a call to based on the inclined operating mode hydraulic turbine draft cone of big flow |
| CN110259622A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-09-20 | 江苏大学 | A kind of conical draft tube with ellipse and regular hexagonal cell |
| CN110285005A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-09-27 | 江苏大学 | A kind of turbine draft tube with round and oval grid |
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