CN111921665B - Annular material crushing treatment system and method - Google Patents
Annular material crushing treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111921665B CN111921665B CN202010690640.5A CN202010690640A CN111921665B CN 111921665 B CN111921665 B CN 111921665B CN 202010690640 A CN202010690640 A CN 202010690640A CN 111921665 B CN111921665 B CN 111921665B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
- B02C19/186—Use of cold or heat for disintegrating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/02—Feeding devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of material crushing, aims to solve the problems that a crystal material strong crushing mode is large in particle size distribution and large in powder quantity, and an existing cold explosion crushing processing mode is easy to pollute materials, and provides an annular material crushing processing system and method. The annular material crushing treatment system comprises an isolation displacement system, an annular heating system, a cooling system and a crushing system. An air curtain is respectively arranged at the inlet end of the replacement channel and the outlet end of the annular heating channel; one end of the cooling system is connected with the annular heating system, and the other end of the cooling system is connected with the crushing system; the cooling system comprises a cooling liquid tank; the annular heating channel is communicated with the air cover, and the air cover is provided with a downward material outlet which is arranged in the cooling liquid tank. The channel from the outlet end of the heating channel to the cooling liquid tank through the material outlet of the heating channel after passing through the air cover is a first channel. The invention has the beneficial effects of effectively realizing pollution-free continuous heating, quenching and crushing of the crystal material under clean conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material crushing, in particular to a ring-shaped material crushing processing system and method.
Background
In the photovoltaic, electronics industry, crystalline materials are used in large quantities. Such as monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon, the production process determines that the silicon crystal materials are mostly square or cylindrical solid materials with a certain volume. The large-size material needs to be broken into small-size material blocks in subsequent processing, and the material blocks can be further processed after being separated.
In the primary crushing of raw materials, monocrystalline silicon or polycrystal of a photovoltaic production enterprise is mainly crushed by a jaw crusher, the crushed silicon material has large particle size distribution, more fine materials and large loss, and a hammer material is easy to be doped into the silicon material to pollute the silicon material.
In recent years, a cold explosion and fragmentation method has appeared, which can avoid the problems, but in the high-temperature heating process, elemental ions released by a hearth, a carrier and a moving machine in the furnace at high temperature pollute the silicon material, and meanwhile, a series of problems such as high-temperature oxidation and continuous production operation of the silicon material plagues a cold explosion treatment mode, so the cold explosion and fragmentation mode cannot realize industrialization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an annular material crushing treatment system and an annular material crushing treatment method, which are used for solving the problems that the crushing mode of a strong crystal material is large in particle size distribution, more in powder and easy to pollute materials in the existing cold explosion crushing processing mode.
Embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:
an annular material crushing treatment system comprising an isolation displacement system, an annular heating system, a cooling system and a crushing system;
the isolation replacement system is provided with a replacement channel, the annular heating system is provided with an annular heating channel, and the inlet end of the annular heating channel is communicated with the outlet end of the replacement channel and allows the material passing through the replacement channel to enter the annular heating channel; an inlet end of the replacement channel and an outlet end of the annular heating channel are respectively provided with an air curtain which can be used for leading out protective gas and is used for blocking gas outside the replacement channel and the annular heating channel;
one end of the cooling system is connected with the annular heating system and used for receiving materials from the annular heating system and cooling the materials, and the other end of the cooling system is connected with the crushing system and used for conveying the cooled materials to the crushing system for crushing;
the cooling system comprises a cooling liquid tank for containing cooling liquid;
the outlet end of the annular heating channel is communicated with the air cover, the air cover is provided with a downward material outlet, and the material outlet is arranged in the cooling liquid tank and can be immersed below the liquid level when the cooling liquid tank contains cooling liquid; the channel which is communicated to the cooling liquid groove from the outlet end of the annular heating channel through the air cover and then from the material outlet is a first channel and is used as a transmission channel of the material from the annular heating channel to the cooling liquid groove.
When the annular material crushing treatment system is used, materials firstly pass through the isolation replacement system, the surface adsorption oxygen is removed in the replacement channel and then are sent into the annular heating system, and the materials are heated in the annular heating system under the atmosphere formed by protective gas led out by the gas curtain; the heated material is conveyed into a cooling liquid tank of a cooling system through a first channel, and is rapidly cooled in the cooling liquid to form surface stress; and then enters a crushing system, and is crushed into small blocks in the crushing system.
The annular material crushing treatment in this scheme is through the effect of heating back rapid cooling plus breakage, can realize the crushing operation of material effectively to in the operation process, guarantee the protective atmosphere in the heating process through the setting of air curtain and air cover, avoid the pollution that the material oxidation brought. In particular, the air sealing cover is arranged, and the cooling liquid tank is combined to perform airtight arrangement, so that the annular heating system is communicated with the cooling system, external air is isolated from entering through the water seal skillfully, and the air sealing device has higher practicability.
In one embodiment:
an annular furnace lining which is of a downwardly-opening annular groove-shaped structure;
the furnace bottom lining is annular and is matched with the lower end opening of the annular furnace lining to form an annular furnace space together with the annular furnace lining; the annular heating channel comprises a partial arc section of the furnace space;
the driving structure is in transmission connection with the bottom lining and can drive the bottom lining to rotate around a self-shaft of the bottom lining;
a sealing liquid tank which is positioned below the annular furnace lining and the bottom lining and can contain liquid; and
the fixed sealing ring is fixedly connected to the annular furnace lining, and the movable sealing ring is connected to the furnace bottom lining and can rotate along with the furnace bottom lining; and the lower ends of the fixed sealing ring and the movable sealing ring are respectively inserted into the sealing liquid groove, so that an annular air flow channel formed by a matching gap between the annular furnace lining and the furnace bottom lining can be blocked by liquid in the sealing liquid groove.
In one embodiment:
the annular heating system further comprises an annular furnace frame, wherein the annular furnace frame is of an annular shell-shaped structure and is surrounded by a frame bottom wall, a frame top wall, a frame inner annular wall and a frame outer annular wall;
the annular furnace lining is fixedly matched with the upper part in the annular furnace frame;
the bottom wall of the frame is provided with a track along the circumferential direction; the furnace lining is supported on the rail through a supporting wheel, and the rolling of the supporting wheel on the rail can drive the furnace lining to rotate around a self-shaft of the furnace lining.
In one embodiment:
a plurality of furnace material seats which can rotate along with the furnace bottom lining are radially distributed on the furnace bottom lining and are used for respectively bearing materials thereon;
two ports which are circumferentially spaced are formed in the outer side wall of the annular furnace lining and correspond to the inlet end and the outlet end of the annular heating channel respectively; the replacement channel is communicated with the outside of the through hole at the inlet end of the annular heating channel, and extends along the radial direction of the space in the furnace; a step mechanism passing radially through said displacement channel and into said furnace space through said port to step-wise transport the material received thereby through said displacement channel and then onto the furnace material seat within the annular heating channel;
the gas cover is communicated with the outside of the through hole at the outlet end of the annular heating channel, and a conversion manipulator passes through the gas cover and can transfer the material on the material seat in the furnace in the annular heating channel into the gas inlet cover through the through hole at the outlet end of the annular heating channel;
a transfer manipulator is arranged at the first channel, and the tail end of the transfer manipulator is connected with a transfer tray; the transferring manipulator can drive the transferring tray to receive the materials on the transferring manipulator and drive the transferring tray and the materials on the transferring tray to move downwards into the cooling liquid tank for soaking and cooling, and then move upwards to transfer the materials to the crushing system after cooling.
In one embodiment:
the furnace space sequentially comprises a low-temperature area, a preheating area, a heating area and a high-temperature area along the circumferential direction;
the heating channel comprises a preheating area, a heating area and a high-temperature area which are sequentially communicated.
In one embodiment:
the cooling system is communicated with the crushing system through a post-treatment system;
the post-treatment system is used for carrying out surface cleaning and drying treatment on the materials which enter the cooling liquid tank after being cooled by the cooling liquid tank.
In one embodiment:
the inlet end of the aftertreatment system is communicated with the opening of the cooling liquid tank so that the material coming out of the cooling liquid tank can enter the cooling liquid tank; the aftertreatment system comprises a cover body, a feeding mechanism, a sprayer, an air knife and a water collecting plate, wherein the feeding mechanism, the sprayer, the air knife and the water collecting plate are arranged in the cover body; the feeding mechanism is used for transferring materials to the crushing system, the sprayer and the air knife are used for cleaning the surfaces of the materials and drying the materials, and the water collecting plate is located below the materials and is obliquely arranged and used for collecting water which is dredged and sprayed.
In one embodiment:
the crushing system comprises a crusher feeding manipulator, a fixed plate, a support plate, a hammer head, a lifting mechanism and a discharging transmission mechanism;
the crusher feeding manipulator is used for receiving materials from the feeding mechanism and conveying the materials between the fixed plate and the supporting plate;
the lifting mechanism is in transmission connection with the hammer head and can drive the hammer head to rotate to a high position, so that the hammer head can fall down by means of gravitational potential energy to hammer materials.
In one embodiment:
the crushing system further comprises a base, and the fixing plate, the supporting plate, the hammer head, the lifting mechanism and the discharging transmission mechanism are all arranged in the base, so that hammering operation is limited in a sealed space.
In one embodiment:
the annular material crushing treatment system further comprises a loading system disposed prior to the isolation displacement system for loading material.
The invention also provides an annular material crushing treatment method based on the annular material crushing treatment system, which comprises the following steps of:
the material firstly passes through an isolation displacement system, and is sent into an annular heating system after surface adsorption oxygen is removed in a displacement channel of the material;
in an annular heating system, the material is heated under an atmosphere formed by a protective gas vented from a gas curtain; the heated material is conveyed into a cooling liquid tank of a cooling system through a first channel, and is rapidly cooled in the cooling liquid to form surface stress; and then the material enters a crushing system, the stress balance is broken under the action of the knocking force, and the material is crushed into uniform blocks.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly describe the drawings in the embodiments, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
A plan view of an annular material crushing treatment system in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 1;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view at A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view at B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view at C-C of FIG. 1;
an internal view of the crushing system is shown in fig. 5;
a schematic of the in-furnace susceptor support material is shown in fig. 6.
Icon: annular material crushing processing system 10, material 20, first channel 30, charging system 1, isolation displacement system 2, annular heating system 3, cooling system 4, post-processing system 5, crushing system 6, integrated tray 1-4, feeding manipulator 1-5, feed table holder 1-2, feed table step rack 1-1, step mechanism 1-3, gas collection hood 2-1, front gas curtain 2-2, displacement channel 2-3, heating device 3-3, temperature measuring and control device 3-4, rear gas curtain 3-5, annular furnace frame 3-1-1, frame bottom wall 3-1-1a, frame top wall 3-1-1b the inner annular wall 3-1-1c, the outer annular wall 3-1 d, the fixed sealing ring 3-1-2, the sealing liquid groove 3-1-3, the annular furnace lining 3-1-4, the inner annular wall 3-1-4a, the outer annular wall 3-1-4b, the top wall 3-1-4c, the track 3-1-5, the furnace bottom frame 3-2-1, the supporting ring 3-2, the supporting wheel 3-2-3, the centering wheel 3-2-4, the transmission mechanism 3-2-5, the movable sealing ring 3-2-6, the furnace bottom lining 3-2-7, the furnace inner material seat 3-2-8, the limiting plate 3-2-9, the furnace inner space 3-6, the low temperature area 3-6-1, the preheating area 3-6-2, the heating area 3-6-3, the high-temperature area 3-6-4, the annular heating channel 3-6-5, the matching gap f1, the self-axis Z1, the air cover 4-1, the transfer tray 4-2, the material outlet 4-3, the cooling liquid tank 4-4, the overflow tank 4-5, the transfer manipulator 4-6, the conversion manipulator 4-7, the sprayer 5-1, the chain feeder 5-2, the feeder V-shaped support 5-3, the air knife 5-4, the cover body 5-5, the water collecting plate 5-6, the crusher feeding manipulator 5-7, the fixed plate 6-1, the supporting plate 6-2, the hammer 6-3, the base 6-4, the lifting mechanism 6-5 and the discharging and conveying mechanism 6-6.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment proposes an annular material crushing treatment system 10 comprising a charging system 1, an isolation displacement system 2, an annular heating system 3, a cooling system 4, a post-treatment system 5 and a crushing system 6 arranged in this order.
Wherein the isolated displacement system 2 has a displacement channel 2-3, the annular heating system 3 has an annular heating channel 3-6-5, and an inlet end of the annular heating channel 3-6-5 is communicated with an outlet end of the displacement channel 2-3 and allows the material 20 after passing through the displacement channel 2-3 to enter the annular heating channel 3-6-5; the inlet end of the replacement channel 2-3 and the outlet end of the annular heating channel 3-6-5 are respectively provided with an air curtain which can be used for leading out protective gas and is used for blocking gas outside the replacement channel 2-3 and the annular heating channel 3-6-5. For convenience of description, the air curtain defining the inlet end of the replacement channel 2-3 is the front air curtain 2-2, and the air curtain defining the outlet end of the annular heating channel 3-6-5 is the rear air curtain 3-5. The cooling system 4 is connected with the annular heating system 3 at one end for receiving the material 20 from the annular heating system 3 and cooling the material 20, and is connected with the crushing system 6 at the other end for conveying the cooled material 20 to the crushing system 6 for crushing. The cooling system 4 comprises a cooling liquid tank 4-4 for containing a cooling liquid. The outlet end of the annular heating channel 3-6-5 is communicated with the air cover 4-1, the air cover 4-1 is provided with a downward material outlet 4-3, and the material outlet 4-3 is arranged in the cooling liquid tank 4-4 and can be immersed below the liquid level when the cooling liquid tank 4-4 contains cooling liquid; the channel from the outlet end of the annular heating channel 3-6-5 through the air enclosure 4-1 and from its material outlet 4-3 to the cooling liquid bath 4-4 is a first channel 30, which serves as a transport channel for the material 20 from the annular heating channel 3-6-5 to the cooling liquid bath 4-4.
When the annular material crushing processing system 10 is used in the embodiment, after the material 20 is filled in through the charging system 1, the material is sent to the annular heating system 3 after the surface adsorption oxygen is removed in the replacement channel 2-3 through the isolation replacement system 2, and the material 20 is heated in the annular heating system 3 under the atmosphere formed by the protective gas led out by the gas curtain; the heated material 20 is conveyed into a cooling liquid tank 4-4 of a cooling system 4 through a first channel 30, and is rapidly cooled in the cooling liquid to form surface stress; and then enters the crushing system 6, and is crushed into small blocks in the crushing system 6.
The annular material crushing treatment system 10 in the scheme can effectively realize the crushing operation of the material 20 through rapid cooling and crushing after heating, and ensure the protective atmosphere in the heating process through the arrangement of the air curtain and the air cover 4-1 in the operation process, so as to avoid pollution caused by oxidation of the material 20. In particular, the air sealing cover 4-1 is arranged in combination with the cooling liquid tank 4-4 to perform airtight arrangement, namely, the communication between the annular heating system 3 and the cooling system 4 is realized to allow the material 20 to pass through, and the water seal is skillfully used for isolating the external air from entering, so that the air sealing device has higher practicability.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the function of the charging system 1 may be implemented by other charging modes or devices. Also, in some cases, such as when the process requirements are low, the aftertreatment system 5 may be omitted, with the cooling system 4 being directly connected to the crushing system 6.
The annular material crushing processing system 10 of the present embodiment may process crystalline material 20, such as polysilicon, monocrystalline silicon, and the like. Of course, other materials 20 having brittle fracture properties are also suitable. The material can be a columnar or square columnar integral structure or a structure formed by combining a plurality of pieces of materials in a long direction into a certain length specification. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below by taking a cylindrical crystal bar as an example.
The processing systems are described below by way of example.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2 in combination, in this embodiment, the annular heating system 3 includes an annular furnace lining 3-1-4, a furnace bottom lining 3-2-7, a driving structure (not shown), a sealing liquid bath 3-1-3, and fixed and movable sealing rings 3-1-2 and 3-2-6.
Wherein the annular furnace lining 3-1-4 is in a downward opening annular groove-shaped structure. Optionally, the annular lining 3-1-4 is mainly surrounded by an inner annular wall 3-1-4a, an outer annular wall 3-1-4b and a top wall 3-1-4 c. The annular furnace lining 3-1-4 is made of high-purity nonmetallic materials and other heat-insulating materials, and has good heat-insulating functions. The bottom lining 3-2-7 has a ring shape and a substantially ring-shaped plate-like structure. The bottom lining 3-2-7 is matched with the lower end opening of the annular furnace lining 3-1-4 to form an annular furnace space 3-6 together with the annular furnace lining 3-1-4. The aforementioned annular heating channel 3-6-5 comprises a partial arc of the furnace space 3-6. In this embodiment, the furnace space 3-6 is an annular space of substantially rectangular cross section. The heating means 3-3 provided in the space 3-6 in the furnace may be a resistance heater, a microwave heater, a fuel radiant tube heater, or the like. For temperature detection and control, a temperature measuring and controlling device 3-4 can be arranged in the furnace space 3-6. In this embodiment, the heating device 3-3 is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the top wall 3-1-4c of the annular furnace lining 3-1-4, and the temperature measuring and controlling device 3-4 penetrates through the outer annular wall 3-1-4b of the annular furnace lining 3-1-4 to enter the furnace space 3-6.
For realizing the installation and support of each part, the annular heating system 3 further comprises an annular furnace frame 3-1-1, wherein the annular furnace frame 3-1-1 is of an annular shell-shaped structure and is surrounded by a frame bottom wall 3-1-1a, a frame top wall 3-1-1b, a frame inner annular wall 3-1-1c and a frame outer annular wall 3-1-1 d. The annular furnace lining 3-1-4 is fixedly matched with the upper part in the annular furnace frame 3-1-1; the frame bottom wall 3-1-1a is provided with a track 3-1-5 along the circumferential direction; the bottom lining 3-2-7 is supported on the rails 3-1-5 by the supporting wheels 3-2-3, and the rolling of the supporting wheels 3-2-3 on the rails 3-1-5 can drive the bottom lining 3-2-7 to rotate around its own axis Z1. Optionally, the lower end of the hearth lining 3-2-7 is padded with the hearth frame 3-2-1, and the supporting wheels 3-2-3 are connected to the lower end face of the hearth frame 3-2-1 through the supporting rings 3-2-2. In order to limit the rolling of the support wheel 3-2-3 on the track 3-1-5, to avoid derailment, centering wheels 3-2-4 are also arranged on both sides of the support wheel 3-2-3. The centering wheels 3-2-4 are horizontally arranged and fixed on the bottom wall 3-1-1a of the annular furnace frame 3-1-1, and the rotating shaft is vertical; limiting plates 3-2-9 respectively positioned at two sides of the supporting wheel 3-2-3 are arranged on the furnace bottom frame 3-2-1; the centering wheels 3-2-4 on both sides limit the outward movement ranges of the limiting plates 3-2-9 on both sides respectively, thereby limiting the radial inner and outer movement ranges of the bottom lining 3-2-7 so that the bottom lining can reliably rotate without derailing. In the embodiment, a plurality of groups of centering wheels 3-2-4 and limiting plates 3-2-9 inside and outside the supporting wheels 3-2-3 can be distributed along the circumferential direction, and the inner side and the outer side can be staggered.
In consideration of possible deviation in the movement of the bottom lining 3-2-7 and the avoidance of relative movement friction between the bottom lining 3-2-7 and the annular lining 3-1-4, a fit gap f1 is provided therebetween. In order to achieve the closure of the mating gap f1, a sealing means is provided in this embodiment by means of a sealing liquid bath 3-1-3. In this embodiment, the sealing fluid bath 3-1-3 is also actually an annular groove. The sealing liquid tank 3-1-3 is positioned below the annular furnace lining 3-1-4 and the bottom lining 3-2-7 and can hold water or other liquid. The fixed sealing ring 3-1-2 is fixedly connected to the annular furnace lining 3-1-4, and the movable sealing ring 3-2-6 is connected to the bottom lining 3-2-7 and can rotate along with the bottom lining 3-2-7; and, the lower ends of the fixed seal ring 3-1-2 and the movable seal ring 3-2-6 are inserted into the seal bath 3-1-3, respectively, so that the fit gap f1 between the annular lining 3-1-4 and the bottom lining 3-2-7 can be closed by the liquid in the seal bath 3-1-3. In this way, the fit gap f1 between the two is sealed during the movement of the bottom lining 3-2-7 relative to the annular lining 3-1-4, without the problem of air intake affecting the material 20.
In this embodiment, a driving mechanism (not shown) is drivingly connected to the base plate 3-2-7 and is capable of driving the base plate 3-2-7 to rotate about its own axis Z1. Optionally, a transmission mechanism 3-2-5 is arranged on the furnace bottom frame 3-2-1, and the driving mechanism applies horizontal force through the transmission mechanism 3-2-5 so as to drive the structures such as the furnace bottom lining 3-2-7 and the like to rotate. The driving structure in this embodiment may be a driving motor, and the driving mechanism 3-2-5 may be a chain driving mechanism, a belt driving mechanism, a gear driving mechanism, or the like, or may be any other conventional driving mechanism, that is, only a mechanism capable of driving the bottom lining 3-2-7 to rotate about its own axis Z1 is required.
In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 6, a plurality of furnace holders 3-2-8 are radially arranged on the hearth lining 3-2-7 and rotatable together with the hearth lining 3-2-7 for carrying the material 20 thereon, respectively, so as to realize the conveyance of the material 20 in the furnace space 3-6. In this embodiment, the number of the seats 3-2-8 in the furnace corresponds to the number of the stations of the furnace bottom lining 3-2-7, and one piece of crystal material 20 enters or exits the ring heating system 3 at the same time every time the furnace bottom lining 3-2-7 rotates one station.
In this embodiment, the furnace space 3-6 includes a low temperature region 3-6-1, a preheating region 3-6-2, a heating region 3-6-3, and a high temperature region 3-6-4 in this order in the circumferential direction. The heating channel comprises a preheating area 3-6-2, a heating area 3-6-3 and a high temperature area 3-6-4 which are communicated in sequence. Alternatively, the thickness of the outer wall at the low temperature region 3-6-1 is smaller.
In this embodiment, two ports spaced circumferentially are formed in the outer side wall of the annular furnace lining 3-1-4, corresponding to the inlet end and the outlet end of the annular heating channel 3-6-5, respectively, the replacement channel 2-3 is communicated with the outside of the port at the inlet end of the annular heating channel 3-6-5, and the replacement channel 2-3 extends radially along the space 3-6 in the furnace.
In this embodiment, a gas collecting hood 2-1 and a front curtain 2-2 provided thereat are provided at an inlet end of the isolation replacement system 2. The isolation replacement system 2 can effectively block the diffusion of outside air. The material 20 passes through the replacement channel 2-3, and oxygen adsorbed on the surface of the material 20 is removed, so that the residual oxygen amount in the annular heating channel 3-6-5 is reduced. Protective gas such as inert gas like argon or other protective gas like nitrogen is introduced from the front air curtain 2-2 to form a protective atmosphere. The gas collecting hood 2-1 can lead out the gas overflowed from the inlet end to the outside of the room, thereby preventing the peripheral oxygen from being reduced and avoiding personal injury accidents.
Referring again to fig. 1 and 2, the loading system 1 of the present embodiment is used in the following manner: the crystal material 20 with certain diameter specification and certain length or combined into a certain length is transferred to the station from the integrated material tray 1-4, and the feeding mechanical arm 1-5 horizontally and rotationally puts the crystal material 20 on the first station of the feeding table fixing frame 1-2 piece by piece longitudinally from the inside of the integrated material tray 1-4. The feeding table stepping frame 1-1 lifts, advances and descends the crystal material 20 by one station to back to the position under the action of the stepping mechanism 1-3 to complete a working period, and the crystal material 20 is continuously fed into the heating system step by step in a continuous cycle. Wherein the feeding table fixing frame 1-2 and the feeding table stepping frame 1-1 are sequentially connected, and the feeding table stepping frame 1-1 extends into the annular heating channel 3-6-5. The stepper mechanism 1-3 passes radially through the substitution channel 2-3 and through the port into the furnace space 3-6 to stepwise transport the material 20 received thereby through the substitution channel 2-3 and then onto the furnace material holder 3-2-8 in the annular heating channel 3-6-5. The stepping manner in this embodiment may be performed in a conventional stepping manner.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4 in combination, the cooling system 4 in this embodiment includes a gas enclosure 4-1, a transfer tray 4-2, a cooling liquid bath 4-4, an overflow bath 4-5, a transfer robot 4-6, and a transfer robot 4-7. The gas enclosure 4-1 is in communication with the outside of the port at the outlet end of the annular heating channel 3-6-5, and the conversion robot 4-7 passes through the gas enclosure 4-1 and is able to transfer material 20 on the in-furnace material holder 3-2-8 within the annular heating channel 3-6-5 into the intake enclosure 4-1 through the port at the outlet end of the annular heating channel 3-6-5. The transfer manipulator 4-6 is arranged at the first channel 30, and the tail end of the transfer manipulator 4-6 is connected with the transfer tray 4-2; the transfer manipulator 4-6 can drive the transfer tray 4-2 to receive the material 20 on the transfer manipulator 4-7 and drive the transfer tray 4-2 and the material 20 thereon to travel downwards into the cooling liquid tank 4-4 for soaking and cooling and to travel upwards after cooling to transfer the material 20 to the crushing system 6. The transfer robots 4-6 may be shaft truss robots. In this solution, the air enclosure 4-1 blocks air from entering the annular heating system 3 and protects the high temperature crystalline material 20 from contact with air before entering water, preventing high temperature oxidation. The conversion mechanical arm 4-7 sends the crystal material 20 into the air sealing cover 4-1, the transfer material tray 4-2 quickly sinks the crystal material 20 into the cooling liquid tank, after the cooling time specified by the process is reached, the transfer material tray 4-2 discharges water, and the crystal material 20 is transferred to the post-treatment system 5. The material outlet 4-3 is inserted into the cooling liquid tank as a water seal port to a certain depth. The water of the cooling liquid tank flows into the overflow tanks 4-5 in an overflow manner.
Referring to fig. 4 in a matching manner, the post-treatment system 5 comprises a cover body 5-5, and a feeding mechanism, a sprayer 5-1, an air knife 5-4 and a water collecting plate 5-6 which are arranged in the cover body 5-5. The feed mechanism may be configured to include a chain feeder 5-2 and a feeder V-bracket 5-3.
The crystal material 20 on the material tray 4-2 is transferred to the feeder V-shaped support 5-3 by the sprayer 5-1 to forcefully clean the surface after water is discharged. The chain feeder 5-2 conveys the crystal material 20 to the end station, in the conveying process, the air knife 5-4 forcefully removes surface residual water and sundries, the cover body 5-5 prevents water vapor from diffusing and is conveyed to the outside in a organized manner, condensed water deposited in the cover body 5-5 returns to the overflow groove 4-5 through the water collecting plate 5-6, and after the crystal material 20 is conveyed to the end station of the chain feeder 5-2, the crystal material is transferred to the crushing system 6 by the crusher feeding manipulator 5-7.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5 in combination, the crushing system 6 includes a fixed plate 6-1, a support plate 6-2, a hammer head 6-3, a base 6-4, a lifting mechanism 6-5, and a discharge conveyor mechanism 6-6.
The crystalline material 20 is fed by the crusher feed robot 5-7 into the crushing system 6 and onto the crushing station formed by the fixed plate 6-1 and the support plate 6-2. Under the action of the lifting mechanism 6-5, the hammer head 6-3 is lifted along the rotation shaft, the hammer head 6-3 automatically breaks away from the rotation power after being in a high position, the hammer head 6-3 rapidly knocks on the surface of the crystal material 20 under the action of gravitational potential energy, the surface stress balance is broken, and the crystal material 20 is broken and automatically falls into a transmission system. The finished crystalline lump is continuously transported to the next process. The base 6-4 is used for integrating all parts, and the closed base 6-4 can effectively prevent dust. The contact surfaces of the hammer head 6-3 and the supporting plate 6-2 with the crystal material 20 include, but are not limited to, flat plates, densely distributed cylindrical bosses and cone bosses, knife edge concave-convex structures and the like.
When the annular material crushing treatment system 10 is used, the material 20 passes through the isolation replacement system 2, surface adsorption oxygen is removed in the replacement channel 2-3, and then the material 20 is sent into the annular heating system 3, and the material 20 is heated in the annular heating system 3 under the atmosphere formed by protective gas led out by a gas curtain; the heated material 20 is conveyed into a cooling liquid tank 4-4 of a cooling system 4 through a first channel 30, and is rapidly cooled in the cooling liquid to form surface stress; and then enters the crushing system 6, and is crushed into small blocks in the crushing system 6.
The annular material crushing treatment system 10 in the scheme can effectively realize the crushing operation of the material 20 through rapid cooling and crushing after heating, and ensure the protective atmosphere in the heating process through the arrangement of the air curtain and the air cover 4-1 in the operation process, so as to avoid pollution caused by oxidation of the material 20. In particular, the air sealing cover 4-1 is arranged and combined with the cooling liquid groove 4-4 to perform airtight arrangement, so that the annular heating system 3 is communicated with the cooling system 4, and external air is isolated from entering through water sealing skillfully, so that the air sealing device has higher practicability.
In addition, in this embodiment, the columnar crystal material may be sequentially fed into the isolation replacement system and the annular heating system in steps by the step mechanism 1-3 in the form of a unit of a single bar or a bar with a certain length formed by splicing multiple sections of shorter bars, and before entering the annular heating system, the crystal material is placed on the step mechanism in such a way that its axial direction is parallel to the step direction; thus, when being fed onto the furnace seat of the annular heating channel, the axial direction thereof is along the radial direction of the annular heating channel. Then transported circumferentially in the annular heating channel to the outlet of the annular heating channel, and then output radially outwards to the transfer robot 4-7 and further transported stepwise backwards.
Therefore, the annular material crushing processing system in the scheme can be also suitable for step-by-step transmission of columnar materials with different lengths, namely, materials with different lengths can be transmitted and processed, and the problem that the processing system has high requirements on the consistency of the lengths of the materials due to transmission requirements is solved.
Example two
The invention also provides an annular material crushing treatment method based on the annular material crushing treatment system 10, which comprises the following steps:
the material 20 passes through the isolation displacement system 2, removes surface adsorption oxygen in the displacement channel 2-3, and is sent to the annular heating system 3;
within the annular heating system 3, the material 20 is heated under an atmosphere formed by a protective gas vented by a curtain of air; the heated material 20 is conveyed into a cooling liquid tank 4-4 of a cooling system 4 through a first channel 30, and is rapidly cooled in the cooling liquid to form surface stress; and then into the crushing system 6, the stress balance is broken under the action of the striking force, and the material 20 is crushed into uniform blocks.
Optionally, for the provision of the charging system 1, a step of charging from the charging system 1 to the isolation replacement system 2 is also included.
Optionally, for the provision of the post-treatment system 5, the material 20 after cooling by the cooling system 4 is cleaned and dried by the post-treatment system 5 before being crushed by the crushing system 6.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An annular material crushing processing system, characterized in that:
comprises an isolation displacement system, an annular heating system, a cooling system and a crushing system;
the isolation replacement system is provided with a replacement channel, the annular heating system is provided with an annular heating channel, and the inlet end of the annular heating channel is communicated with the outlet end of the replacement channel and allows the material passing through the replacement channel to enter the annular heating channel; an inlet end of the replacement channel and an outlet end of the annular heating channel are respectively provided with an air curtain which can be used for leading out protective gas and is used for blocking gas outside the replacement channel and the annular heating channel;
one end of the cooling system is connected with the annular heating system and used for receiving materials from the annular heating system and cooling the materials, and the other end of the cooling system is connected with the crushing system and used for conveying the cooled materials to the crushing system for crushing;
the cooling system comprises a cooling liquid tank for containing cooling liquid;
the outlet end of the annular heating channel is communicated with the air cover, the air cover is provided with a downward material outlet, and the material outlet is arranged in the cooling liquid tank and can be immersed below the liquid level when the cooling liquid tank contains cooling liquid; the channel which is communicated to the cooling liquid tank from the material outlet of the annular heating channel after passing through the air cover is a first channel and is used as a transmission channel of the material from the annular heating channel to the cooling liquid tank;
the ring heating system includes:
an annular furnace lining which is of a downwardly-opening annular groove-shaped structure;
the furnace bottom lining is annular and is matched with the lower end opening of the annular furnace lining to form an annular furnace space together with the annular furnace lining; the annular heating channel at least comprises a partial arc section of the furnace space;
the furnace space sequentially comprises a low-temperature area, a preheating area, a heating area and a high-temperature area along the circumferential direction;
the annular heating channel comprises a preheating area, a heating area and a high-temperature area which are sequentially communicated;
the material is fed into an annular heating system after removing surface adsorbed oxygen in the displacement channel, and is heated in the annular heating system under the atmosphere formed by protective gas led out by the gas curtain.
2. The annular material crushing processing system of claim 1 wherein the annular heating system further comprises:
the driving structure is in transmission connection with the bottom lining and can drive the bottom lining to rotate around a self-shaft of the bottom lining;
a sealing liquid tank which is positioned below the annular furnace lining and the bottom lining and can contain liquid; the fixed sealing ring is fixedly connected to the annular furnace lining, and the movable sealing ring is connected to the furnace bottom lining and can rotate along with the furnace bottom lining; and the lower ends of the fixed sealing ring and the movable sealing ring are respectively inserted into the sealing liquid groove, so that an annular air flow channel formed by a matching gap between the annular furnace lining and the furnace bottom lining can be blocked by liquid in the sealing liquid groove.
3. The annular material crushing processing system of claim 2, wherein:
the annular heating system further comprises an annular furnace frame, wherein the annular furnace frame is of an annular shell-shaped structure and is surrounded by a frame bottom wall, a frame top wall, a frame inner annular wall and a frame outer annular wall;
the annular furnace lining is fixedly matched with the upper part in the annular furnace frame;
the bottom wall of the frame is provided with a track along the circumferential direction; the furnace lining is supported on the rail through a supporting wheel, and the rolling of the supporting wheel on the rail can drive the furnace lining to rotate around a self-shaft of the furnace lining.
4. The annular material crushing processing system of claim 2, wherein:
a plurality of furnace material seats which can rotate along with the furnace bottom lining are radially distributed on the furnace bottom lining and are used for respectively bearing materials thereon;
two ports which are circumferentially spaced are formed in the outer side wall of the annular furnace lining and correspond to the inlet end and the outlet end of the annular heating channel respectively; the replacement channel is communicated with the outside of the through hole at the inlet end of the annular heating channel, and extends along the radial direction of the space in the furnace; a step mechanism passing radially through said displacement channel and into said furnace space through said port to step-wise transport the material received thereby through said displacement channel and then onto the furnace material seat within the annular heating channel;
the gas cover is communicated with the outside of the through hole at the outlet end of the annular heating channel, and a conversion manipulator passes through the gas cover and can transfer the material on the material seat in the furnace in the annular heating channel into the gas inlet cover through the through hole at the outlet end of the annular heating channel;
a transfer manipulator is arranged at the first channel, and the tail end of the transfer manipulator is connected with a transfer tray; the transferring manipulator can drive the transferring tray to receive the materials on the transferring manipulator and drive the transferring tray and the materials on the transferring tray to move downwards into the cooling liquid tank for soaking and cooling, and then move upwards to transfer the materials to the crushing system after cooling.
5. The annular material crushing processing system of claim 1, wherein:
the cooling system is communicated with the crushing system through a post-treatment system;
the post-treatment system is used for carrying out surface cleaning and drying treatment on the materials which enter the cooling liquid tank after being cooled by the cooling liquid tank.
6. The annular material crushing processing system of claim 5 wherein:
the inlet end of the aftertreatment system is communicated with the opening of the cooling liquid tank so that the material coming out of the cooling liquid tank can enter the cooling liquid tank; the aftertreatment system comprises a cover body, a feeding mechanism, a sprayer, an air knife and a water collecting plate, wherein the feeding mechanism, the sprayer, the air knife and the water collecting plate are arranged in the cover body; the feeding mechanism is used for transferring materials to the crushing system, the sprayer and the air knife are used for cleaning the surfaces of the materials and drying the materials, and the water collecting plate is located below the materials and is obliquely arranged and used for collecting water which is dredged and sprayed.
7. The annular material crushing processing system of claim 6 wherein:
the crushing system comprises a crusher feeding manipulator, a fixed plate, a support plate, a hammer head, a lifting mechanism and a discharging transmission mechanism;
the crusher feeding manipulator is used for receiving materials from the feeding mechanism and conveying the materials between the fixed plate and the supporting plate;
the lifting mechanism is connected with the hammer in a transmission way and can drive the hammer to rotate to a high position so that the hammer can fall down by means of gravitational potential energy to hammer materials.
8. The annular material crushing processing system of claim 1, wherein:
the annular material crushing treatment system further comprises a loading system disposed prior to the isolation displacement system for loading material.
9. A method of annular material crushing treatment, characterized in that it comprises the following steps, based on an annular material crushing treatment system according to any one of claims 1-8:
the material firstly passes through an isolation displacement system, and is sent into an annular heating system after surface adsorption oxygen is removed in a displacement channel of the material;
in an annular heating system, the material is heated under an atmosphere formed by a protective gas vented from a gas curtain; the heated material is conveyed into a cooling liquid tank of a cooling system through a first channel, and is rapidly cooled in the cooling liquid to form surface stress; and then the material enters a crushing system, the stress balance is broken under the action of the knocking force, and the material is crushed into uniform blocks.
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