CN111921591B - Material crushing system and method - Google Patents
Material crushing system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111921591B CN111921591B CN202010690982.7A CN202010690982A CN111921591B CN 111921591 B CN111921591 B CN 111921591B CN 202010690982 A CN202010690982 A CN 202010690982A CN 111921591 B CN111921591 B CN 111921591B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
- B02C1/14—Stamping mills
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
- B02C19/186—Use of cold or heat for disintegrating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/02—Feeding devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of material crushing, and aims to solve the problems that a crystal material strong crushing mode is large in particle size distribution, more powder materials exist, and the existing cold explosion crushing processing mode is easy to pollute materials; an inlet end of the replacement channel and an outlet end of the heating channel are respectively provided with an air curtain for leading out protective gas; one end of the cooling system is connected with the heating system, and the other end of the cooling system is connected with the crushing system; the cooling system comprises a cooling liquid tank; the outlet end of the heating channel is communicated with the air cover, the air cover is provided with a downward material outlet, and the material outlet is arranged in the cooling liquid tank; the channel which is communicated to the cooling liquid groove from the outlet end of the heating channel through the air cover from the material outlet is a first channel and is used as a transmission channel of the material from the heating channel to the cooling liquid groove. The invention has the beneficial effects of effectively realizing pollution-free continuous heating, quenching and crushing of the crystal material under clean conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material crushing, in particular to a material crushing system and a material crushing method.
Background
In the photovoltaic, electronics industry, crystalline materials are used in large quantities. Such as monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon, the production process determines that the silicon crystal materials are mostly square or cylindrical solid materials with a certain volume. The large-size material needs to be broken into small-size material blocks in subsequent processing, and the material blocks can be further processed after being separated.
In the primary crushing of raw materials, monocrystalline silicon or polycrystal of a photovoltaic production enterprise is mainly crushed by a jaw crusher, the crushed silicon material has large particle size distribution, more fine materials and large loss, and a hammer material is easy to be doped into the silicon material to pollute the silicon material.
In recent years, a cold explosion and fragmentation method has appeared, which can avoid the problems, but in the high-temperature heating process, elemental ions released by a hearth, a carrier and a moving machine in the furnace at high temperature pollute the silicon material, and meanwhile, a series of problems such as high-temperature oxidation and continuous production operation of the silicon material plagues a cold explosion treatment mode, so the cold explosion and fragmentation mode cannot realize industrialization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a material crushing system and a material crushing method, which are used for solving the problems that the crushing mode of a strong crystal material is large in particle size distribution, more in powder and easy to pollute materials in the existing cold explosion crushing processing mode.
Embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:
a material crushing system comprising an isolation displacement system, a heating system, a cooling system, and a crushing system;
the isolation replacement system is provided with a replacement channel, the heating system is provided with a heating channel, and the inlet end of the heating channel is communicated with the outlet end of the replacement channel and allows the material passing through the replacement channel to enter the heating channel; the inlet end of the replacement channel and the outlet end of the heating channel are respectively provided with an air curtain which can be used for leading out protective gas and is used for separating and blocking the gas outside the replacement channel and the heating channel;
one end of the cooling system is connected with the heating system and used for receiving the material from the heating system and cooling the material, and the other end of the cooling system is connected with the crushing system and used for conveying the cooled material to the crushing system for crushing;
the cooling system comprises a cooling liquid tank for containing cooling liquid;
the outlet end of the heating channel is communicated with the air cover, the air cover is provided with a downward material outlet, and the material outlet is arranged in the cooling liquid tank and can be immersed below the liquid level when the cooling liquid tank contains cooling liquid; the channel which is communicated to the cooling liquid groove from the outlet end of the heating channel through the air cover from the material outlet is a first channel and is used as a transmission channel of the material from the heating channel to the cooling liquid groove.
When the material crushing system is used, the material firstly passes through the isolation replacement system, the surface adsorption oxygen is removed in the replacement channel and then is sent into the heating system, and the material is heated in the heating system under the atmosphere formed by the protective gas led out by the gas curtain; the heated material is conveyed into a cooling liquid tank of a cooling system through a first channel, and is rapidly cooled in the cooling liquid to form surface stress; and then enters a crushing system, and is crushed into small blocks in the crushing system.
The crushing operation of material can be effectively realized through the rapid cooling and crushing effect after heating by the material crushing system in the scheme, and in the operation process, the protective atmosphere in the heating process is ensured through the arrangement of the air curtain and the air cover, so that the pollution caused by material oxidation is avoided. In particular, the air sealing cover is arranged, and the cooling liquid tank is combined for airtight arrangement, so that the communication from the heating system to the cooling system is realized, the external air is isolated from entering through the water seal, and the air sealing device has higher practicability.
In one embodiment:
the material crushing system further comprises a charging system arranged before the isolation displacement system for charging material into the isolation displacement system.
In one embodiment:
the material is in a round and square column-shaped structure;
the feeding system is provided with a stepping mechanism along the feeding direction, and is used for sequentially transferring materials into the front isolation displacement system in a stepping manner;
an automatic centering mechanism is arranged at the stepping mechanism and is used for centering the axial direction of the material.
In one embodiment:
the automatic centering mechanism comprises a V-shaped support, a sliding piece, a first centering frame, a second centering frame and a power gear;
the V-shaped support is supported on the foundation surface through the sliding piece and can translate along the axial direction of the material supported on the V-shaped support along with the sliding piece;
the centering heads of the first centering frame and the centering heads of the second centering frame are respectively positioned at two axial sides of the material, the centering heads of the first centering frame and the second centering frame are respectively provided with rack sections meshed with the power gear, and the rack sections of the first centering frame and the second centering frame are respectively meshed with two opposite sides of the power gear, so that when the power gear rotates, the centering heads of the first centering frame and the second centering frame can move in opposite directions to axially position the material or move in opposite directions to separate from the material.
In one embodiment:
the cooling system is communicated with the crushing system through a post-treatment system;
the post-treatment system is used for carrying out surface cleaning and drying treatment on the materials which enter the cooling liquid tank after being cooled by the cooling liquid tank.
In one embodiment:
the inlet end of the aftertreatment system is communicated with the opening of the cooling liquid tank so that the material coming out of the cooling liquid tank can enter the cooling liquid tank; the aftertreatment system comprises a cover body, a feeding mechanism, a sprayer, an air knife and a water collecting plate, wherein the feeding mechanism, the sprayer, the air knife and the water collecting plate are arranged in the cover body; the feeding mechanism is used for transferring materials to the crushing system, the sprayer and the air knife are used for cleaning the surfaces of the materials and drying the materials, and the water collecting plate is positioned below the materials and is obliquely arranged and used for collecting the dredged and sprayed water;
the cooling liquid tank is provided with a transferring tray which reciprocates among the air cover, the cooling liquid tank and the inlet end of the post-treatment system so as to realize receiving materials entering the air cover from the heating system and transferring the received materials to a feeding mechanism of the post-treatment system after passing through the cooling liquid tank.
In one embodiment:
the crushing system comprises a material guide plate, a material guide wheel, a fixed plate, a support plate, a hammer head, a lifting mechanism and a discharging transmission mechanism;
the material guide plate is connected to the material guide wheel and can rotate along with the material guide wheel to guide a material between the hammer head and the fixed plate and support the material on the supporting plate; the lifting mechanism is in transmission connection with the hammer head and can drive the hammer head to rotate to a high position, so that the hammer head can fall down by means of gravitational potential energy to hammer materials.
In one embodiment:
the surface of the hammer head and the supporting plate, which is used for being contacted with the material, is any one of a plane, a surface densely covered with cylindrical bulges or conical bosses and a knife edge concave-convex surface.
In one embodiment:
the crushing system further comprises a base, and the material guide plate, the material guide wheel, the fixed plate, the support plate, the hammer head, the lifting mechanism and the discharging transmission mechanism are all arranged in the base, so that hammering operation is limited in a sealed space.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a material crushing method based on the material crushing system, which comprises the following steps:
the material firstly passes through an isolation displacement system, and oxygen adsorbed on the surface is removed in a displacement channel of the material and then is sent into a heating system;
in the heating system, the material is heated under an atmosphere formed by a protective gas vented from a gas curtain; the heated material is conveyed into a cooling liquid tank of a cooling system through a first channel, and is rapidly cooled in the cooling liquid to form surface stress; and then enters a crushing system, and is crushed into small blocks in the crushing system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly describe the drawings in the embodiments, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
An internal structural view of a material crushing system in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1;
a top view of a material crushing system in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 2;
a schematic diagram of the self-centering structure in the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 3.
Icon: the material crushing system 10, the charging system 1, the integrated charging tray 1-4, the charging manipulator 1-5, the fixing frame 1-2, the stepping frame 1-1, the automatic centering mechanism 1-3, the V-shaped support 1-3-1, the sliding piece 1-3-2, the first centering frame 1-3-3, the second centering frame 1-3-4, the power gear 1-3-5, the centering head 1-3-6, the rack section 1-3-7, the machine base 1-3-8, the positioning sleeve 1-3-9, the isolation displacement system 2, the gas collecting hood 2-1, the front gas curtain 2-2, the displacement channel 2-3, the heating system 3, the furnace body 3-1, the stepping mechanism in the furnace 3-2, the heating device 3-3 the device comprises a temperature measurement control device 3-4, a rear air curtain 3-5, a heating channel 3-6, a cooling system 4, an air cover 4-1, a transfer tray 4-2, a material outlet 4-3, a cooling liquid tank 4-4, an overflow tank 4-5, a transfer manipulator 4-6, a post-treatment system 5, a sprayer 5-1, a feeder 5-2, a V-shaped support 5-3, an air knife 5-4, a cover body 5-4, a water collecting plate 5-6, a crushing system 6, a material guiding plate 6-1, a material guiding wheel 6-2, a fixed plate 6-3, a supporting plate 6-4, a hammer 6-5, a base 6-6, a lifting mechanism 6-7, a discharging transmission mechanism 6-8, a material 20 and a first channel 30.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment proposes a material crushing system 10 comprising a charging system 1, an isolation displacement system 2, a heating system 3, a cooling system 4, a post-treatment system 5 and a crushing system 6 arranged in this order.
The material disruption system 10 in this embodiment may process crystalline materials, such as polysilicon, monocrystalline silicon, and the like. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below by taking a round bar-shaped crystal bar as an example. Of course, it is also applicable to other materials having brittle fracture properties. And, other shapes, such as square cross section columnar or other shapes of material, may also be suitable.
In this embodiment, the loading system 1 is used to load material 20 into the isolation displacement system 2. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the charging system 1 is provided with a stepping mechanism along the feed direction for stepwise transferring material in sequence into the front insulation displacement system 2. The stepping mechanism can be arranged to comprise a fixed frame 1-2 and a stepping frame 1-1, wherein the fixed frame 1-2 is fixedly arranged, the upper surface of the fixed frame is provided with wavy surfaces in the shape of an adaptive material or cylindrical surfaces which are sequentially arranged, the upper surface of the stepping frame 1-1 and the upper surface of the fixed frame 1-2 are identical in shape, and the stepping frame 1-1 and the fixed frame 1-2 are staggered at a certain position along the length direction; in the process of moving the stepping frame 1-1 up and down relative to the fixed frame 1-2, the material placed on the fixed frame 1-2 moves forward by one step under the drive of the stepping frame 1-1. The specific driving mode can be seen from the driving mode of a common stepping structure. An automatic centering mechanism 1-3 is arranged at the stepping mechanism and is used for axially centering the material (when the material is in a bar shape).
Referring to FIG. 3, the automatic centering mechanism 1-3 comprises a V-shaped support 1-3-1, a sliding piece 1-3-2, a first centering frame 1-3-3, a second centering frame 1-3-4 and a power gear 1-3-5; the V-shaped support 1-3-1 is supported on the basic surface of the base 1-3-9 through the sliding piece 1-3-2 and can translate along the axial direction of the material supported on the V-shaped support along with the sliding piece 1-3-2; the centering heads 1-3-6 of the first centering frame 1-3-3 and the centering heads 1-3-6 of the second centering frame 1-3-4 are respectively positioned at two axial sides of the material, the centering heads of the first centering frame 1-3-3 and the second centering frame 1-3-4 are respectively provided with a rack section 1-3-7 meshed with the power gear 1-3-5, and the rack sections 1-3-7 of the two are respectively meshed at two opposite sides of the power gear 1-3-5, so that when the power gear 1-3-5 rotates, the centering heads of the two can move towards each other to axially position the material or move away from each other to separate from the material. Thus, each material can be sequentially centered by the automatic centering mechanism 1-3, so that the material can smoothly enter the subsequent structure. In this embodiment, the positioning sleeves 1-3-8 may be provided on the housing for guiding the two rack segments.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the loading system 1 is further provided with an integrated tray 1-4 and a loading manipulator 1-5. The feeding manipulator 1-5 rotates horizontally to sequentially transfer materials from the integrated tray 1-4 to the fixing frame 1-2.
Of course, other existing feeding modes can be selected according to the needs.
Referring mainly to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the isolated displacement system 2 has a displacement channel 2-3, the heating system 3 has a heating channel 3-6, and the inlet end of the heating channel 3-6 is communicated with the outlet end of the displacement channel 2-3, and allows the material passing through the displacement channel 2-3 to enter the heating channel 3-6; and the inlet end of the replacement channel 2-3 and the outlet end of the heating channel 3-6 are respectively provided with an air curtain which can be used for leading out protective gas and is used for blocking gas outside the replacement channel 2-3 and the heating channel 3-6. For convenience of description, the air curtain defining the inlet end of the replacement channel 2-3 is a front air curtain 2-2, and the air curtain defining the outlet end of the heating channel 3-6 is a rear air curtain 3-5, where the protective gas may be an inert gas, such as argon, or may be nitrogen or other suitable gas. Through the air curtains respectively arranged at the inlet end of the heating channel 3-6 and the outlet end of the heating channel 3-6, the atmosphere in the heating channel 3-6 and the replacing channel 2-3 can be kept, and the influence of harmful gases such as oxygen and the like on the oxidation and the like of materials in the heating process can be avoided.
In this embodiment, the inlet end of the isolation replacement system 2 is further provided with a gas collecting hood 2-1 to guide out the gas overflowed from the inlet end to the outside, so as to prevent the peripheral oxygen from decreasing and prevent personal injury accidents.
The heating system 3 in the embodiment is also provided with a furnace body 3-1, a stepping mechanism 3-2 in the furnace, a heating device 3-3 and a temperature measurement control device 3-4. The furnace body 3-1 has the functions of heat insulation and heat preservation and airtight realization, and the temperature in the furnace is ensured to be controlled within 1000 ℃ in the embodiment. The in-furnace stepper mechanism 3-2 is used to continuously and steadily feed material to the cooling system 4 step by step. The feeding amount of the in-furnace stepping mechanism 3-2 for one stepping period may be one or more. The material is gradually heated to the process temperature by the heating device 3-3 during the step-wise transportation, and the heating device 3-3 includes, but is not limited to, a resistance heater, a microwave heater, and a fuel radiant tube heater. The temperature measurement control device 3-4 detects and controls the heating system 3 to stably work at the process temperature. The air curtain arranged at the rear end opening of the heating system 3 can prevent the heat diffusion in the furnace and prevent the steam in the subsequent cooling liquid tank 4-4 (see later) from entering the furnace body 3-1.
Referring again to fig. 1, in this embodiment, one end of the cooling system 4 is connected to the heating system 3, for receiving the material from the heating system 3 and cooling the material, and the other end is connected to the crushing system 6, for conveying the cooled material to the crushing system 6 for crushing. In this embodiment, the cooling system 4 communicates with the crushing system 6 via an aftertreatment system 5; the post-treatment system 5 is used for surface cleaning and drying the material which enters the cooling liquid tank 4-4 after being cooled. In some cases, such as when the process requirements are low, the aftertreatment system 5 may be omitted, with the cooling system 4 being directly connected to the crushing system 6.
The cooling system 4 comprises a cooling liquid tank 4-4 for holding a cooling liquid. The outlet end of the heating channel 3-6 is communicated with an air cover 4-1, the air cover 4-1 is provided with a downward material outlet 4-3, and the material outlet 4-3 is arranged in the cooling liquid tank 4-4 and can be immersed below the liquid level when the cooling liquid tank 4-4 contains cooling liquid so as to form an air seal; the channel from the outlet end of the heating channel 3-6 through the air enclosure 4-1 and then through the material outlet 4-3 to the cooling liquid tank 4-4 is the first channel 30, which is used as a material transfer channel from the heating channel 3-6 to the cooling liquid tank 4-4.
Optionally, the inlet end of the aftertreatment system 5 communicates with the opening of the cooling fluid bath 4-4 to enable material exiting the cooling fluid bath 4-4 to enter therein; the aftertreatment system 5 comprises a cover body 5-4, and a feeding mechanism, a sprayer 5-1, an air knife 5-4 and a water collecting plate 5-6 which are arranged in the cover body 5-4. The material conveying mechanism is used for conveying materials to the crushing system 6, the material conveying mechanism adopts a chain conveying intermittent feeding mode, the V-shaped support 5-3 is arranged on the chain, the feeder 5-2 drives the chain to run, the sprayer 5-1 and the air knife 5-4 are used for cleaning the surfaces of the materials and drying the materials, and the water collecting plate 5-6 is arranged below the materials and is obliquely arranged and used for collecting the dredged and sprayed water.
The cooling liquid tank 4-4 is provided with a transfer tray 4-2 and a transfer manipulator 4-6, and the transfer tray 4-2 reciprocates among the air cover 4-1, the cooling liquid tank 4-4 and the inlet end of the post-treatment system 5 under the drive of the transfer manipulator 4-6 so as to realize the purpose of receiving the materials entering the air cover 4-1 from the heating system 3 and transferring the received materials to the feeding mechanism of the post-treatment system 5 after passing through the cooling liquid tank 4-4. An overflow tank 4-5 is provided near the cooling liquid tank 4-4 for receiving the cooling liquid overflowed from the cooling liquid tank 4-4. In this embodiment, the cooling liquid may be water or other liquid. The lower end of the water collecting plate can also be communicated with the overflow groove.
In this embodiment, the crushing system 6 includes a guide plate 6-1, a guide wheel 6-2, a fixing plate 6-3, a support plate 6-4, a hammer head 6-5, a lifting mechanism 6-7, and a discharge transmission mechanism 6-8. The material guiding plate 6-1 is connected to the material guiding wheel 6-2 and can rotate along with the material guiding wheel 6-2 to guide a material between the hammer head 6-5 and the fixed plate 6-3 and support the material on the supporting plate; the lifting mechanism 6-7 is in transmission connection with the hammer head 6-5 and can drive the hammer head 6-5 to rotate to a high position, so that the hammer head 6-5 can fall down by means of gravitational potential energy to hammer materials. Optionally, the surfaces of the hammer head 6-5 and the supporting plate 6-4 used for being in contact with the material are any one of a plane, a surface densely covered with cylindrical bulges or conical bosses and a knife edge concave-convex surface. Optionally, the crushing system 6 further comprises a base 6-6, and the material guiding plate 6-1, the material guiding wheel 6-2, the fixing plate 6-3, the supporting plate 6-4, the hammer head 6-5, the lifting mechanism 6-7 and the material discharging transmission mechanism 6-8 are all arranged in the base 6-6, so that hammering operation is limited in a sealed space.
When the material crushing system 10 in the scheme is used, a material is filled into the isolation replacement system 2 by the charging system 1, passes through the isolation replacement system 2, removes surface adsorption oxygen in the replacement channel 2-3 and is then sent into the heating system 3, and in the heating system 3, the material is heated under the atmosphere formed by protective gas led out by the air curtain; the heated material is conveyed into a cooling liquid tank 4-4 of a cooling system 4 through a first channel, and is rapidly cooled in the cooling liquid to form surface stress; after passing through the post-treatment system 5, the mixture enters the crushing system 6, and is hammered and crushed into small blocks by the hammer heads 6-5 in the crushing system 6.
The material crushing system 10 in the scheme can effectively realize the crushing operation of materials through rapid cooling and crushing effect after heating, and ensure the protective atmosphere in the heating process through the arrangement of the air curtain and the air cover 4-1 in the operation process, so as to avoid pollution caused by oxidation of the materials. In particular, the air sealing cover 4-1 is arranged and combined with the cooling liquid tank 4-4 to perform airtight arrangement, so that the communication from the heating system 3 to the cooling system 4 is realized, and the external air is isolated from entering through the water seal skillfully, so that the air sealing device has higher practicability.
Example two
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a material crushing method based on the material crushing system 10, which comprises the following steps:
the material firstly passes through an isolation displacement system 2, and is sent into a heating system 3 after surface adsorption oxygen is removed in a displacement channel 2-3;
in the heating system 3, the material is heated under an atmosphere formed by a protective gas vented by a curtain of air; the heated material is conveyed into a cooling liquid tank 4-4 of a cooling system 4 through a first channel, and is rapidly cooled in the cooling liquid to form surface stress; and then enters the crushing system 6, and is crushed into small blocks in the crushing system 6.
Optionally, for the provision of the charging system 1, a step of charging from the charging system 1 to the isolation replacement system 2 is also included.
Optionally, for the provision of the post-treatment system 5, the material after cooling by the cooling system 4 is cleaned and dried by the post-treatment system 5 before being crushed by the crushing system 6.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A material crushing system, characterized by:
comprises an isolation displacement system, a heating system, a cooling system and a crushing system;
the isolation replacement system is provided with a replacement channel, the heating system is provided with a heating channel, and the inlet end of the heating channel is communicated with the outlet end of the replacement channel and allows the material passing through the replacement channel to enter the heating channel; the inlet end of the replacement channel and the outlet end of the heating channel are respectively provided with an air curtain which can be used for leading out protective gas and is used for separating and blocking the gas outside the replacement channel and the heating channel;
one end of the cooling system is connected with the heating system and used for receiving the material from the heating system and cooling the material, and the other end of the cooling system is connected with the crushing system and used for conveying the cooled material to the crushing system for crushing;
the cooling system comprises a cooling liquid tank for containing cooling liquid;
the outlet end of the heating channel is communicated with an air cover, the air cover is provided with a downward material outlet, and the material outlet is arranged in the cooling liquid tank and can be immersed below the liquid level when the cooling liquid tank contains cooling liquid; the channel which is communicated to the cooling liquid groove from the outlet end of the heating channel through the air cover from the material outlet is a first channel and is used as a transmission channel of the material from the heating channel to the cooling liquid groove.
2. The material crushing system of claim 1 wherein:
a loading system disposed prior to the isolation displacement system is also included for loading material into the isolation displacement system.
3. The material crushing system of claim 2 wherein:
the material is in a round and square column-shaped structure;
the feeding system is provided with a stepping mechanism along the feeding direction, and is used for sequentially transferring materials into the front isolation displacement system in a stepping manner;
an automatic centering mechanism is arranged at the stepping mechanism and is used for centering the axial direction of the material.
4. A material crushing system according to claim 3, wherein:
the automatic centering mechanism comprises a V-shaped support, a sliding piece, a first centering frame, a second centering frame and a power gear;
the V-shaped support is supported on the foundation surface through the sliding piece and can translate along the axial direction of the material supported on the V-shaped support along with the sliding piece;
the centering heads of the first centering frame and the centering heads of the second centering frame are respectively positioned at two axial sides of the material, the first centering frame and the second centering frame are respectively provided with rack sections meshed with the power gear, and the rack sections of the first centering frame and the second centering frame are respectively meshed with two opposite sides of the power gear, so that when the power gear rotates, the centering heads of the first centering frame and the second centering frame can move in opposite directions to axially position the material or move in opposite directions to separate from the material.
5. The material crushing system of claim 1 wherein:
the cooling system is communicated with the crushing system through a post-treatment system;
the post-treatment system is used for carrying out surface cleaning and drying treatment on the materials which enter the cooling liquid tank after being cooled by the cooling liquid tank.
6. The material crushing system of claim 5 wherein:
the inlet end of the aftertreatment system is communicated with the opening of the cooling liquid tank so that the material coming out of the cooling liquid tank can enter the cooling liquid tank; the aftertreatment system comprises a cover body, a feeding mechanism, a sprayer, an air knife and a water collecting plate, wherein the feeding mechanism, the sprayer, the air knife and the water collecting plate are arranged in the cover body; the feeding mechanism is used for transferring materials to the crushing system, the sprayer and the air knife are used for cleaning the surfaces of the materials and drying the materials, and the water collecting plate is positioned below the materials and is obliquely arranged and used for collecting the dredged and sprayed water;
the cooling liquid tank is provided with a transferring tray which reciprocates among the air cover, the cooling liquid tank and the inlet end of the post-treatment system so as to realize receiving materials entering the air cover from the heating system and transferring the received materials to a feeding mechanism of the post-treatment system after passing through the cooling liquid tank.
7. The material crushing system of claim 1 wherein:
the crushing system comprises a material guide plate, a material guide wheel, a fixed plate, a support plate, a hammer head, a lifting mechanism and a discharging transmission mechanism;
the material guide plate is connected to the material guide wheel and can rotate along with the material guide wheel to guide a material between the hammer head and the fixed plate and support the material on the supporting plate; the lifting mechanism is in transmission connection with the hammer head and can drive the hammer head to rotate to a high position, so that the hammer head can fall down by means of gravitational potential energy to hammer materials.
8. The material crushing system of claim 7 wherein:
the surface of the hammer head and the supporting plate, which is used for being contacted with the material, is any one of a plane, a surface densely covered with cylindrical bulges or conical bosses and a knife edge concave-convex surface.
9. The material crushing system of claim 7 wherein:
the crushing system further comprises a base, and the material guide plate, the material guide wheel, the fixed plate, the support plate, the hammer head, the lifting mechanism and the discharging transmission mechanism are all arranged in the base, so that hammering operation is limited in a sealed space.
10. A material crushing method, characterized in that it is based on a material crushing system according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of:
the material firstly passes through an isolation displacement system, and oxygen adsorbed on the surface is removed in a displacement channel of the material and then is sent into a heating system;
in the heating system, the material is heated under an atmosphere formed by a protective gas vented from a gas curtain;
the heated material is conveyed into a cooling liquid tank of a cooling system through a first channel, and is rapidly cooled in the cooling liquid to form surface stress; and then the material enters a crushing system, the stress balance is broken under the action of the knocking force, and the material is crushed into uniform blocks.
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| CN113019644B (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-04-01 | 曲靖阳光新能源股份有限公司 | Automatic crushing device and method for block materials |
| CN113976216A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2022-01-28 | 扬州盈航硅业科技有限公司 | Polycrystalline silicon rod crushing equipment |
| CN114308317A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-12 | 亚洲硅业(青海)股份有限公司 | Polycrystalline silicon rod crushing system and crushing method |
| CN114505149A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-17 | 合肥开比锐精机科技有限公司 | Single crystal or polycrystalline silicon material accumulation bar integral transfer water explosion device and use method thereof |
| CN114367371A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-04-19 | 江苏鑫华半导体材料科技有限公司 | Electronic grade polycrystalline silicon thermal crushing device |
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| CN202591206U (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-12-12 | 秦文隆 | Glass phase material hardening and crushing recovery device |
| CN102836765B (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2014-12-31 | 新特能源股份有限公司 | Method and device for breaking polysilicon |
| CN106000993A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-10-12 | 大工（青岛）新能源材料技术研究院有限公司 | Pollution-free silicon material crushing and cleaning method |
| CN208390203U (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-01-18 | 亚洲硅业（青海）有限公司 | A kind of polysilicon rod pretreatment unit and crushing device |
| CN209205503U (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-08-06 | 亚洲硅业（青海）有限公司 | A kind of breaking polycrystalline silicon system |
| CN209918034U (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-01-10 | 宁夏隆基硅材料有限公司 | Automatic breaker of cubic material |
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| CN212348852U (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2021-01-15 | 自贡佳源炉业有限公司 | Material crushing system |
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