CN111895672B - Refrigerator, working fluid for refrigerator, and refrigerator oil - Google Patents

Refrigerator, working fluid for refrigerator, and refrigerator oil Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111895672B
CN111895672B CN202010661049.7A CN202010661049A CN111895672B CN 111895672 B CN111895672 B CN 111895672B CN 202010661049 A CN202010661049 A CN 202010661049A CN 111895672 B CN111895672 B CN 111895672B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
viscosity
refrigerator
oil
refrigerator oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202010661049.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN111895672A (en
Inventor
山口健太郎
大城户武
尾形英俊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eneos Co ltd
Original Assignee
Eneos Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eneos Co ltd filed Critical Eneos Co ltd
Publication of CN111895672A publication Critical patent/CN111895672A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN111895672B publication Critical patent/CN111895672B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/10—Components
    • C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
    • C09K2205/122—Halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
    • C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/001—Charging refrigerant to a cycle

Abstract

The present invention provides a refrigerator 10, the refrigerator 10 includes a refrigerant cycle 6 having a compressor 1, a condenser 2, an expansion device 3 and an evaporator 4, the refrigerant cycle 6 is filled with a refrigerant and a refrigerator oil, and a working fluid composed of the refrigerant and the refrigerator oil exhibits a thickness of 2 to 4mm under conditions of a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2Refrigerant dissolution viscosity/s.

Description

Refrigerator, working fluid for refrigerator, and refrigerator oil
The present application is a divisional application of a chinese patent application entitled "refrigerator, method for manufacturing refrigerator, and method for improving COP" with an application date of 2017, 25/01, and an application number of 201710060845.3.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a refrigerator, a method for manufacturing the refrigerator, and a method for improving COP.
Background
The refrigerator includes a refrigerant cycle system having a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, an evaporator, and the like. In a refrigerant cycle system, a cycle comprising the following steps is repeated, utilizing the phenomenon that heat is taken from the surroundings when a liquid is vaporized: the compression and temperature rise of the vaporized refrigerant in the compressor, the liquefaction of the refrigerant by heat-releasing condensation in the condenser, the decompression and expansion in the expansion device, and the vaporization of the refrigerant in the evaporator.
As an index for evaluating the Performance of such a refrigerator, a Coefficient of Performance (COP) is often used. COP indicates a ratio of a cooling capacity (also referred to as a freezing capacity) to energy consumed when a refrigerant cycle system or the like is operated (cooling capacity/consumed energy). In recent years, further improvement in COP of a refrigerator has been expected, and for example, japanese patent application laid-open No. 2015-94259 discloses an expander-integrated compressor capable of improving COP of a refrigerator.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a refrigerator having excellent COP, a method for manufacturing the refrigerator, and a method for improving COP.
The present invention provides a refrigerator, the refrigerator has a refrigerant cycle system with a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, an evaporator and the like, a refrigerant and a refrigerator oil are filled in the refrigerant cycle system, and a working fluid composed of the refrigerant and the refrigerator oil shows 2-4 mm under the conditions that the temperature is 80 ℃ and the absolute pressure is 3.4MPa2Refrigerant dissolution viscosity/s.
In this refrigerator, since the refrigerant filled in the refrigerant cycle and the refrigerator oil exhibit a specific refrigerant dissolution viscosity as the working fluid, COP can be improved. That is, according to the discussion of the present inventors, it was found that if the refrigerant dissolution viscosity of the working fluid is too low, the refrigerating capacity or cooling capacity is lowered due to a reduction in sealing property or the like, while if the refrigerant dissolution viscosity of the working fluid is too high, the energy consumption is increased as the stirring resistance or resistance at the time of starting the refrigerator is increased, and the refrigerating capacity or cooling capacity is also lowered. Also, the inventionThe inventors found that the glass composition shows 2 to 4mm under the conditions of a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2The working fluid having a refrigerant solution viscosity of/s can ensure a balance between suppression of energy consumption and improvement of freezing capacity or refrigerating capacity, and can improve COP.
The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a refrigerator including a refrigerant cycle system having a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator, the method for manufacturing a refrigerator including a step of filling a refrigerant and a refrigerator oil in the refrigerant cycle system, wherein a working fluid composed of the refrigerant and the refrigerator oil exhibits a pressure of 2 to 4mm under conditions of a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2Refrigerant dissolution viscosity/s.
Further, the present invention provides a method for improving COP in a refrigerator having a refrigerant cycle system including a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator, wherein the refrigerant cycle system is filled with a refrigerant and a refrigerator oil and exhibits a COP of 2 to 4mm under a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2The working fluid having a refrigerant solution viscosity of/s is a working fluid composed of a refrigerant and a refrigerating machine oil, and the COP is improved.
According to the present invention, a refrigerator having excellent COP, a method for manufacturing the refrigerator, and a method for improving COP can be provided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a refrigerator.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the refrigerant melt viscosity and COP.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings as appropriate.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a refrigerator. As shown in fig. 1, the refrigerator 10 includes at least a refrigerant cycle 6, and the refrigerant cycle 6 is formed by connecting a compressor (refrigerant compressor) 1, a condenser (gas cooler) 2, an expansion device 3 (a capillary tube, an expansion valve, or the like), and an evaporator (heat exchanger) 4 in this order via a flow path 5.
In the refrigerant cycle 6, first, the high-temperature (typically 70 to 120 ℃) refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 into the flow path 5 is changed into a high-density fluid (supercritical fluid or the like) in the condenser 2. The refrigerant then passes through a narrow flow path of the expansion device 3, is liquefied, and is further vaporized in the evaporator 4 to become a low temperature (typically-40 to 0 ℃). The refrigeration performed by the refrigerator 10 utilizes a phenomenon in which the refrigerant takes heat from the surroundings when vaporized in the evaporator 4.
In the compressor 1, a small amount of refrigerant coexists with a large amount of refrigerating machine oil under a high temperature (generally 70 to 120 ℃). The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 into the flow path 5 is gaseous, and contains a small amount (usually 1 to 10 vol%) of refrigerating machine oil as a mist, but a small amount of refrigerant is dissolved in the mist of refrigerating machine oil (point a in fig. 1).
In the condenser 2, the gaseous refrigerant is compressed into a high-density fluid, and a large amount of refrigerant coexists with a small amount of refrigerating machine oil under a relatively high temperature (usually 50 to 70 ℃) (point b in fig. 1). Further, a mixture of a large amount of refrigerant and a small amount of refrigerating machine oil is sent to the expansion device 3 and the evaporator 4 in sequence to be rapidly lowered to a low temperature (typically-40 to 0 ℃ (points c, d in fig. 1), and then returned to the compressor 1.
Examples of such a refrigerator 10 include a cooling device in an automobile air conditioner, a dehumidifier, a refrigerator, a freezer/refrigerator warehouse, a vending machine, a showcase, a chemical device, and the like, a residential air conditioner, a complete air conditioning unit, a hot water supply heat pump, and the like.
As described above, the refrigerant cycle 6 is filled with the refrigerant and the refrigerator oil. Provided that a working fluid comprising a refrigerant and a refrigerating machine oil is 2 to 4mm at a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2The refrigerant dissolution viscosity/s may be appropriately selected for each of the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil.
Examples of the refrigerant include a saturated Hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerant, an unsaturated Hydrofluorocarbon (HFO) refrigerant, a hydrocarbon refrigerant, a fluorine-containing ether refrigerant such as perfluoroethers, a bis (trifluoromethyl) sulfide refrigerant, a trifluoroiodomethane refrigerant, and a natural refrigerant such as ammonia (R717) and carbon dioxide (R744).
The saturated fluorocarbon refrigerant is preferably a saturated fluorocarbon refrigerant having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and more preferably a saturated fluorocarbon refrigerant having 1 to 2 carbon atoms. The saturated fluorocarbon refrigerant may be any one or a mixture of two or more of difluoromethane (R32), trifluoromethane (R23), pentafluoroethane (R125), 1,1,2, 2-tetrafluoroethane (R134), 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), 1,1, 1-trifluoroethane (R143a), 1, 1-difluoroethane (R152a), fluoroethane (R161), 1,1,1,2,3,3, 3-heptafluoropropane (R227ea), 1,1,1,2,3, 3-hexafluoropropane (R236ea), 1,1,1,3,3, 3-hexafluoropropane (R236fa), 1,1,1,3, 3-pentafluoropropane (R245fa), and 1,1,1,3, 3-pentafluorobutane (R365mfc), for example.
As particularly preferable examples of the saturated hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant, for example, R32 alone; r23 alone; r134a alone; r125 alone; r134a/R32 is a mixture of 60-80 mass%/40-20 mass%; R32/R125 is a mixture of 40-70 mass%/60-30 mass%; R125/R143a is a mixture of 40 to 60 mass%/60 to 40 mass%; r134a/R32/R125 ═ 60%/30%/10% by mass of the mixture; a mixture of R134a/R32/R125 in an amount of 40 to 70 mass%/15 to 35 mass%/5 to 40 mass%; and a mixture of 35 to 55 mass%/1 to 15 mass%/40 to 60 mass% of R125/R134a/R143 a. More specifically, a mixture of R134a/R32 ═ 70/30 mass% is preferably used; a mixture of R32/R125 ═ 60/40 mass%; a mixture (R410A) of R32/R125 ═ 50/50 mass%; a mixture (R410B) of R32/R125 ═ 45/55 mass%; a mixture (R507C) of R125/R143a ═ 50/50 mass%; a mixture of R32/R125/R134a ═ 30/10/60 mass%; a mixture of R32/R125/R134a ═ 23/25/52 mass% (R407C); a mixture of R32/R125/R134a ═ 25/15/60 mass% (R407E); a mixture (R404A) of R125/R134a/R143a of 44/4/52 mass%, and the like.
Examples of the unsaturated hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant include fluoroethylene having a fluorine number of 3 and fluoropropene having a fluorine number of 3 to 5. The unsaturated fluorocarbon refrigerant may be any one or a mixture of two or more of 1,1, 2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), 1,2,3,3, 3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225ye), 1,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze), 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf), 1,2,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ye), and 3,3, 3-trifluoropropene (HFO-1243zf), for example.
The hydrocarbon refrigerant includes hydrocarbons having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. The hydrocarbon refrigerant may be any one of methane, ethylene, ethane, propylene, propane (R290), cyclopropane, n-butane, isobutane, cyclobutane, methylcyclopropane, 2-methylbutane, and n-pentane, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
From the viewpoint of easily obtaining high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of 80 ℃ or higher and 3.4MPa or higher, the refrigerant preferably contains difluoromethane (R32), more preferably difluoromethane (R32) and pentafluoroethane (R125). The refrigerant may further contain difluoromethane, or difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane, in addition to the above-mentioned components. The refrigerant used together with difluoromethane, or difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane may preferably be 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234yf), 1,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO1234ze (E) or (Z)), trifluoroethylene (HFO 1123).
The content of the refrigerant used together with difluoromethane, or difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane may be, for example, 80 mass% or less, or preferably 30 to 60 mass% based on the total amount of the refrigerant.
Among them, as the refrigerant, the following are suitably used: a mixed refrigerant (R407C) of R32, R125 and R134 with a mass ratio (R32/R125/R134a) of 23/25/52, a mixed refrigerant (R449A) of R32, R125, HFO1234yf and R134a with a mass ratio (R32/R125/HFO1234yf/R134a) of 24.3/24.7/25.3/25.7, and a mixed refrigerant (R448A) of R32, R125, HFO1234yf, R134a and HFO1234ze (E) with a mass ratio (R32/R125/HFO1234yf/R134a/HFO1234ze (E)) of 26/26/20/21/7.
More preferably, the refrigerant consists of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane. The mass ratio (R32/R125) of difluoromethane (R32) to pentafluoroethane (R125) in the refrigerant may be, for example, 40/60 to 70/30. As such a refrigerant, a refrigerant having a mass ratio (R32/R125) of 60/40, a refrigerant (R410A) having a mass ratio (R32/R125) of 50/50, and a refrigerant (R410B) having a mass ratio (R32/R125) of 45/55 are preferably used, and particularly R410A is preferably used.
The refrigerating machine oil is only required to be mixed with the refrigerant (working fluid) so that the temperature of the refrigerant is 80 ℃ and the refrigerant dissolution viscosity is 2-4 mm under the absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2The refrigerating machine oil is used for refrigerating. The refrigerating machine oil needs to be selected in consideration of the compatibility (solubility) between the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil, which varies depending on the type of the refrigerating machine oil, in addition to the viscosity of the refrigerating machine oil itself. That is, the refrigerant dissolution viscosity of the working fluid is set within the above range by selecting a refrigerator oil suitable in both viscosity of the refrigerator oil itself and compatibility (solubility) with the refrigerant.
The kinematic viscosity of the refrigerating machine oil at 40 ℃ is preferably 2mm2More preferably 10mm or more in terms of the thickness of the film2(ii) at least s, more preferably 20mm2More than or equal to s, and preferably 125mm2Less than s, more preferably 100mm2(ii) less than s, more preferably 80mm2The ratio of the water to the water is less than s.
The kinematic viscosity of the refrigerating machine oil at 100 ℃ is preferably 1mm2More preferably 2 mm/s or more2At least s, more preferably 3mm2Is not less than s, and is preferably 11mm2Less than s, more preferably 10mm2(ii) less than s, more preferably 9mm2The ratio of the water to the water is less than s.
The kinematic viscosity in the present invention means a kinematic viscosity in accordance with JIS K-2283: 1993 measured kinematic viscosity.
The viscosity reduction rate of the refrigerator oil before and after the refrigerant is dissolved (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "viscosity reduction rate") is calculated according to the following formula (1).
Viscosity reduction ratio (%) (kinematic viscosity-refrigerant dissolution viscosity)/kinematic viscosity × 100 … (1)
In the formula (1), the kinematic viscosity is the kinematic viscosity (mm) of the refrigerating machine oil at 80 ℃2(s) the refrigerant solution viscosity means that the working fluid consisting of the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil is at a temperature of 80 ℃Refrigerant solution viscosity (mm) at an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2/s)。
The greater the viscosity reduction rate, the more easily the refrigerant dissolves in the refrigerator oil, but if the refrigerator oil excessively dissolves in the refrigerant, the lubricity tends to be reduced, and therefore, the viscosity reduction rate of the refrigerator oil is preferably 85% or less, more preferably 80% or less, from the viewpoint of excellent lubricity. The lower limit of the viscosity reduction rate of the refrigerator oil is not particularly limited, but the lower the viscosity reduction rate, the more difficult the refrigerant is to dissolve in the refrigerator oil, and therefore, from the viewpoint of compatibility, it may be 60% or more, 70% or more, or 75% or more.
The pour point of the refrigerator oil may preferably be-10 ℃ or lower, more preferably-20 ℃ or lower. The pour point in the present invention means a pour point measured in accordance with JIS K2269-1987.
The refrigerator oil having the above characteristics contains a lubricant base oil and, if necessary, additives. The lubricant base oil may be, for example, a hydrocarbon oil or an oxygen-containing oil. Examples of the hydrocarbon oil include mineral oil, olefin polymer, naphthalene compound, and alkylbenzene. Examples of the oxygen-containing oil include ester oils such as monoesters, diesters, polyol esters, and complex esters, and ether oils such as polyalkylene glycols, polyvinyl ethers, polyphenylene ethers, and perfluoroethyl ethers. The oxygen-containing oil is preferably composed mainly of at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyol esters, polyalkylene glycols and polyvinyl ethers, and more preferably composed mainly of polyol esters or polyvinyl ethers. The content of the lubricant base oil may be 80 mass% or more, 90 mass% or more, or 95 mass% or more based on the total amount of the refrigerator oil.
Examples of the additives include acid-absorbing agents such as epoxy compounds and carbodiimide compounds, antioxidants such as phenol compounds and amine compounds, extreme pressure additives such as phosphorus compounds and sulfur compounds, oiliness agents such as ester compounds, antifoaming agents such as silicone compounds, metal deactivators such as benzotriazole compounds, antiwear agents such as phosphorus compounds, and viscosity index improvers such as polymethyl acrylate compounds. The content of the additive may be 5% by mass or less or 2% by mass or less based on the total amount of the refrigerator oil.
The content of the refrigerating machine oil in the working fluid may be 1 to 500 parts by mass or 2 to 400 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the refrigerant.
The working fluid has a refrigerant dissolution viscosity of 2-4 mm at a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2Preferably 2 to 3.9 mm/s2/s、2～3.8mm2/s、2～3.6mm2/s、2.1～4mm2/s、2.1～3.9mm2/s、2.1～3.8mm2/s、2.1～3.6mm2/s、2.2～4mm2/s、2.2～3.9mm2/s、2.2～3.8mm2/s、2.2～3.6mm2/s、2.4～4mm2/s、2.4～3.9mm2/s、2.4～3.8mm2/s, or 2.4 to 3.6mm2/s。
The refrigerant dissolution viscosity of the working fluid was measured in the following order. First, 100g of a refrigerating machine oil filled in the refrigerant cycle system 6 was charged into a 200mL pressure-resistant container containing a vibration-type viscometer (vibration-type viscometer), and the container was vacuum-degassed, and then a refrigerant was added to prepare a working fluid. At this time, the pressure of the refrigerant and the temperature of the pressure-resistant vessel were adjusted so as to attain a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4 MPa. Then, the viscosity of the working fluid in the container is measured.
The refrigerator 10 is manufactured by a manufacturing method including, for example, a step (filling step) of filling the refrigerant cycle 6 with a refrigerant and a refrigerator oil having the following properties: the working fluid is 2-4 mm at 80 deg.C and 3.4MPa2Refrigerant dissolution viscosity/s. In the filling step, the refrigerant and the refrigerator oil may be separately filled in the refrigerant cycle 6. The steps other than the filling step may be the same as those of a known method for manufacturing a refrigerator.
In the refrigerator 10 described above, the working fluid is made to exhibit a thickness of 2 to 4mm under conditions of a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2The refrigerant having a refrigerant solution viscosity of/s and the refrigerating machine oil are filled in the refrigerant cycle 6, and the suppression of the consumed energy and the refrigerating capacity or the refrigerating performance can be ensuredAn improved balance of capabilities, and thus the COP can be improved.
Here, the COP of the refrigerator 10 is calculated by the following equation (2). The COP of the refrigerator 10 can also be calculated by the following equation (3).
COP (cooling capacity) [ W ]/energy consumption [ W ] … (2)
COP＝(h1-h2)×G/P…(3)
In the formula (3), h1Represents the outlet enthalpy [ J/kg ] of the evaporator (heat exchanger) 4]，h2Represents the inlet enthalpy [ J/kg ] of the evaporator (heat exchanger) 4]And G represents the mass flow rate [ kg/s ] of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant cycle system 6]And P represents power (power consumption) [ W ] of an engine (not shown) driving the refrigerant cycle system 6]。
Fig. 2 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the refrigerant melt viscosity of the working fluid and the COP of the refrigerant 10 when a mixed refrigerant containing difluoromethane (for example, R410A) is used as the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil having the above-described preferred kinematic viscosity is used as the refrigerating machine oil. As shown in FIG. 2, when the refrigerant dissolution viscosity of the working fluid is less than 2mm2At the time of/s, the refrigerating capacity or the cooling capacity is lowered due to a reduction in sealability, and the desired COP cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the refrigerant dissolution viscosity of the working fluid exceeds 4mm2As the stirring resistance or the resistance at the time of starting the refrigerator increases, the energy consumption also increases, and the desired COP cannot be obtained because the refrigerating capacity or the cooling capacity decreases. Therefore, the working fluid composed of the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil filled in the refrigerant cycle system 6 is required to exhibit 2 to 4mm under the conditions of a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2In this case, the refrigerant solution viscosity/s can satisfy both the suppression of the consumption energy and the improvement of the freezing capacity or the refrigerating capacity, and can realize an excellent COP. In particular, a refrigerator oil having a viscosity reduction rate of 70 to 80% before and after dissolution of the refrigerant is preferable because compatibility and lubricity between the refrigerator oil and the refrigerant can be easily achieved.
Description of the symbols
A 1 … compressor, a 2 … condenser, a 3 … expansion device, a 4 … evaporator, a 5 … flow path, a 6 … refrigerant cycle, and a 10 … refrigerator.

Claims (26)

1. A refrigerator having a refrigerant cycle system including a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator, in which a refrigerant and a refrigerator oil are filled in the refrigerant cycle system,
the refrigerant comprises difluoromethane,
the kinematic viscosity of the refrigerator oil at 100 ℃ is 3mm29mm above s2(ii) a ratio of (c) to(s) below,
a working fluid composed of the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil shows 2.4 to 3.6mm at a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2A refrigerant dissolution viscosity in/s, and,
the rate of decrease in viscosity of the refrigerator oil before and after dissolution of the refrigerant, calculated according to the following formula (1), is 85% or less,
viscosity reduction ratio (%) ((kinematic viscosity-refrigerant dissolution viscosity)/kinematic viscosity × 100 (1))
Here, in the formula (1), the kinematic viscosity means the kinematic viscosity (mm) of the refrigerator oil at 80 ℃2(s), the refrigerant solution viscosity means the refrigerant solution viscosity (mm) of the working fluid at a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2/s)，
The refrigerant dissolution viscosity was measured by adding 100g of the refrigerator oil to a 200mL pressure-resistant container containing a vibration viscometer, vacuum degassing the container, adding the refrigerant, and adjusting the temperature to 80 ℃ and the absolute pressure to 3.4 MPa.
2. The freezer according to claim 1, wherein,
the refrigerant circulating system has a flow path sequentially connecting a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device and an evaporator,
the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the flow path is 70 to 120 ℃,
the refrigerant is changed into 50-70 ℃ in the condenser, is liquefied through the expansion device and is gasified through the evaporator, and accordingly the temperature of the refrigerant is changed into-40-0 ℃.
3. The freezer according to claim 1, wherein,
the refrigerator is one selected from the group consisting of an air conditioner for an automobile, a dehumidifier, a refrigerator, a refrigerating and cold storage warehouse, a vending machine, a cooling device in a showcase or a chemical device, an air conditioning device for a house, a complete air conditioning unit, and a heat pump for hot water supply.
4. The freezer according to claim 1, wherein,
the kinematic viscosity of the refrigerator oil at 40 ℃ is 20mm280mm above s2The ratio of the water to the water is less than s.
5. The freezer according to claim 1, wherein,
the viscosity reduction rate calculated by the following formula (1) is 70% to 80%,
viscosity reduction ratio (%) ((kinematic viscosity-refrigerant dissolution viscosity)/kinematic viscosity × 100 (1))
Here, the kinematic viscosity refers to the kinematic viscosity (mm) of the refrigerator oil at 80 deg.C2(s) the refrigerant solution viscosity means the refrigerant solution viscosity (mm) at a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa of the working fluid composed of the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil2/s)。
6. The freezer according to claim 1, wherein,
the refrigerant comprises difluoromethane only.
7. The freezer according to claim 1, wherein,
the refrigerant includes difluoromethane, and at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene, and trifluoroethylene.
8. The freezer according to claim 7, wherein,
the content of at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene, and trifluoroethylene is 30 to 60 mass% based on the total amount of the refrigerant.
9. A working fluid for a refrigerator, which is filled in a refrigerant cycle system provided in the refrigerator, the refrigerant cycle system having a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator, the working fluid for a refrigerator containing a refrigerant and a refrigerator oil,
the refrigerant comprises difluoromethane,
the kinematic viscosity of the refrigerator oil at 100 ℃ is 3mm29mm above s2(ii) a ratio of (c) to(s) below,
a working fluid composed of the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil shows 2.4 to 3.6mm at a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2A refrigerant dissolution viscosity in/s, and,
the rate of decrease in viscosity of the refrigerator oil before and after dissolution of the refrigerant, calculated according to the following formula (1), is 85% or less,
viscosity reduction ratio (%) ((kinematic viscosity-refrigerant dissolution viscosity)/kinematic viscosity × 100 (1))
Here, in the formula (1), the kinematic viscosity means the kinematic viscosity (mm) of the refrigerator oil at 80 ℃2(s), the refrigerant solution viscosity means the refrigerant solution viscosity (mm) of the working fluid at a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2/s)，
The refrigerant dissolution viscosity was measured by adding 100g of the refrigerator oil to a 200mL pressure-resistant container containing a vibration viscometer, vacuum degassing the container, adding the refrigerant, and adjusting the temperature to 80 ℃ and the absolute pressure to 3.4 MPa.
10. The working fluid for refrigerators according to claim 9, wherein,
the kinematic viscosity of the refrigerator oil at 40 ℃ is 20mm280mm above s2The ratio of the water to the water is less than s.
11. The working fluid for refrigerators according to claim 9, wherein,
the viscosity reduction rate calculated by the following formula (1) is 70% to 80%,
viscosity reduction ratio (%) ((kinematic viscosity-refrigerant dissolution viscosity)/kinematic viscosity × 100 (1))
Here, the kinematic viscosity refers to the kinematic viscosity (mm) of the refrigerator oil at 80 deg.C2(s) the refrigerant solution viscosity means the refrigerant solution viscosity (mm) at a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa of the working fluid composed of the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil2/s)。
12. The working fluid for refrigerators according to claim 9, wherein,
the refrigerant comprises difluoromethane only.
13. The working fluid for refrigerators according to claim 9, wherein,
the refrigerant includes difluoromethane, and at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene, and trifluoroethylene.
14. The working fluid for refrigerators according to claim 13,
the content of at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene, and trifluoroethylene is 30 to 60 mass% based on the total amount of the refrigerant.
15. The working fluid for refrigerators according to claim 9, wherein,
at 40 ℃ of said refrigerator oilKinematic viscosity of 2mm2125mm above s2(ii) less than s, and the pour point of the refrigerator oil is-20 ℃ or less.
16. The working fluid for refrigerators according to claim 9, wherein,
the refrigerator oil contains a lubricant base oil, and the content of the lubricant base oil is 80 mass% or more based on the total amount of the refrigerator oil.
17. The working fluid for refrigerators according to claim 9, wherein,
the refrigerating machine oil contains at least one lubricating base oil selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, olefin polymer, naphthalene compound, alkylbenzene, monoester, diester, polyol ester, complex ester, polyalkylene glycol, polyvinyl ether, polyphenylene ether, and perfluoroether, and the content of the lubricating base oil is 80% by mass or more based on the total amount of the refrigerating machine oil.
18. A refrigerator oil which is filled in a refrigerant cycle system provided in a refrigerator and used together with a refrigerant, the refrigerant cycle system having a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator,
the refrigerant comprises difluoromethane,
the kinematic viscosity of the refrigerator oil at 100 ℃ is 3mm29mm above s2(ii) a ratio of (c) to(s) below,
a working fluid composed of the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil shows 2.4 to 3.6mm at a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2A refrigerant dissolution viscosity in/s, and,
the rate of decrease in viscosity of the refrigerator oil before and after dissolution of the refrigerant, calculated according to the following formula (1), is 85% or less,
viscosity reduction ratio (%) ((kinematic viscosity-refrigerant dissolution viscosity)/kinematic viscosity × 100 (1))
Here, in the formula (1), the kinematic viscosity means the kinematic viscosity (mm) of the refrigerator oil at 80 ℃2/s)，The refrigerant dissolution viscosity refers to the refrigerant dissolution viscosity (mm) of the working fluid at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the absolute pressure of 3.4MPa2/s)，
The refrigerant dissolution viscosity was measured by adding 100g of the refrigerator oil to a 200mL pressure-resistant container containing a vibration viscometer, vacuum degassing the container, adding the refrigerant, and adjusting the temperature to 80 ℃ and the absolute pressure to 3.4 MPa.
19. The refrigerator oil of claim 18 wherein,
the kinematic viscosity of the refrigerator oil at 40 ℃ is 20mm280mm above s2The ratio of the water to the water is less than s.
20. The refrigerator oil of claim 18 wherein,
the viscosity reduction rate calculated by the following formula (1) is 70% to 80%,
viscosity reduction ratio (%) ((kinematic viscosity-refrigerant dissolution viscosity)/kinematic viscosity × 100 (1))
Here, the kinematic viscosity refers to the kinematic viscosity (mm) of the refrigerator oil at 80 deg.C2(s) the refrigerant solution viscosity means the refrigerant solution viscosity (mm) at a temperature of 80 ℃ and an absolute pressure of 3.4MPa of the working fluid composed of the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil2/s)。
21. The refrigerator oil of claim 18 wherein,
the refrigerant comprises difluoromethane only.
22. The refrigerator oil of claim 18 wherein,
the refrigerant includes difluoromethane, and at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene, and trifluoroethylene.
23. The refrigerator oil of claim 22 wherein,
the content of at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, 2,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene, and trifluoroethylene is 30 to 60 mass% based on the total amount of the refrigerant.
24. The refrigerator oil of claim 18 wherein,
the kinematic viscosity of the refrigerator oil at 40 ℃ is 2mm2125mm above s2(ii) less than s, and the pour point of the refrigerator oil is-20 ℃ or less.
25. The refrigerator oil of claim 18 wherein,
the refrigerator oil contains a lubricant base oil, and the content of the lubricant base oil is 80 mass% or more based on the total amount of the refrigerator oil.
26. The refrigerator oil of claim 18 wherein,
the refrigerating machine oil contains at least one lubricating base oil selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, olefin polymer, naphthalene compound, alkylbenzene, monoester, diester, polyol ester, complex ester, polyalkylene glycol, polyvinyl ether, polyphenylene ether, and perfluoroether, and the content of the lubricating base oil is 80% by mass or more based on the total amount of the refrigerating machine oil.
CN202010661049.7A 2016-02-08 2017-01-25 Refrigerator, working fluid for refrigerator, and refrigerator oil Active CN111895672B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016-021550 2016-02-08
JP2016021550A JP6736019B2 (en) 2016-02-08 2016-02-08 Refrigerator, method for manufacturing refrigerator, and method for improving COP
CN201710060845.3A CN107044739B (en) 2016-02-08 2017-01-25 Refrigerator, method for manufacturing refrigerator, and method for improving COP

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710060845.3A Division CN107044739B (en) 2016-02-08 2017-01-25 Refrigerator, method for manufacturing refrigerator, and method for improving COP

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111895672A CN111895672A (en) 2020-11-06
CN111895672B true CN111895672B (en) 2022-02-25

Family

ID=59543928

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010661049.7A Active CN111895672B (en) 2016-02-08 2017-01-25 Refrigerator, working fluid for refrigerator, and refrigerator oil
CN201710060845.3A Active CN107044739B (en) 2016-02-08 2017-01-25 Refrigerator, method for manufacturing refrigerator, and method for improving COP

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710060845.3A Active CN107044739B (en) 2016-02-08 2017-01-25 Refrigerator, method for manufacturing refrigerator, and method for improving COP

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6736019B2 (en)
CN (2) CN111895672B (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3778842A4 (en) * 2018-04-02 2021-09-01 Eneos Corporation Refrigerator, refrigerator oil, working fluid composition for refrigerator
WO2020166272A1 (en) * 2019-02-14 2020-08-20 出光興産株式会社 Composition for refrigerating machines
CN112760080B (en) * 2020-12-29 2022-01-28 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Mixed refrigerant and air conditioning system
WO2023210504A1 (en) * 2022-04-26 2023-11-02 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Air conditioner

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001289171A (en) * 2000-04-06 2001-10-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Refrigerant compressor
CN1697927A (en) * 2003-04-14 2005-11-16 大金工业株式会社 Enclosed compressor
CN102191112A (en) * 2010-03-12 2011-09-21 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 Working fluid composition for refrigerator
CN102333839A (en) * 2009-02-26 2012-01-25 大金工业株式会社 Refrigerant composition containing hydrofluoropropane with low-global warming potential
CN103261689A (en) * 2010-12-20 2013-08-21 日立空调·家用电器株式会社 Compressor for refrigeration and air-conditioning, and refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus
CN103589486A (en) * 2009-08-28 2014-02-19 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 Refrigerant oil and operating fluid composition for freezer
CN104583688A (en) * 2012-08-17 2015-04-29 东芝开利株式会社 Refrigeration cycle device
CN105189714A (en) * 2013-03-25 2015-12-23 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 Working fluid composition for refrigerator
CN105579431A (en) * 2013-09-20 2016-05-11 株式会社Moresco Ether-containing monoester compound and use thereof
CN106103641A (en) * 2014-01-10 2016-11-09 路博润公司 Lubricant for low global warming potential refrigerating system

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3410994B2 (en) * 1990-11-16 2003-05-26 株式会社日立製作所 Refrigeration equipment
US20040209789A1 (en) * 2002-12-19 2004-10-21 Andrew Swallow Alkylbenzene/polyol ester blends for use in air conditioning systems
US8961811B2 (en) * 2010-04-15 2015-02-24 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Compositions comprising E-1,2-difluoroethylene and uses thereof
CN104220415B (en) * 2012-03-23 2016-09-28 Kh新化株式会社 Mixed ester
JP6195429B2 (en) * 2012-03-29 2017-09-13 Ｊｘｔｇエネルギー株式会社 Working fluid composition for refrigerator and refrigerator oil
CN103509520A (en) * 2013-08-01 2014-01-15 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 Composition and compressor and refrigeration equipment using the composition

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001289171A (en) * 2000-04-06 2001-10-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Refrigerant compressor
CN1697927A (en) * 2003-04-14 2005-11-16 大金工业株式会社 Enclosed compressor
CN102333839A (en) * 2009-02-26 2012-01-25 大金工业株式会社 Refrigerant composition containing hydrofluoropropane with low-global warming potential
CN103589486A (en) * 2009-08-28 2014-02-19 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 Refrigerant oil and operating fluid composition for freezer
CN102191112A (en) * 2010-03-12 2011-09-21 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 Working fluid composition for refrigerator
CN103261689A (en) * 2010-12-20 2013-08-21 日立空调·家用电器株式会社 Compressor for refrigeration and air-conditioning, and refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus
CN104583688A (en) * 2012-08-17 2015-04-29 东芝开利株式会社 Refrigeration cycle device
CN105189714A (en) * 2013-03-25 2015-12-23 吉坤日矿日石能源株式会社 Working fluid composition for refrigerator
CN105579431A (en) * 2013-09-20 2016-05-11 株式会社Moresco Ether-containing monoester compound and use thereof
CN106103641A (en) * 2014-01-10 2016-11-09 路博润公司 Lubricant for low global warming potential refrigerating system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2017141974A (en) 2017-08-17
CN107044739A (en) 2017-08-15
CN107044739B (en) 2020-08-04
JP6736019B2 (en) 2020-08-05
CN111895672A (en) 2020-11-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9725631B2 (en) Heat transfer compositions and methods
US10450488B2 (en) Heat transfer compositions having improved miscibility with lubricating oil
EP2009075B1 (en) Fluorinated alkene refrigerant compositions
EP3255114B1 (en) Use of compositions for refrigeration
US8980118B2 (en) Heat transfer compositions and methods
EP2268762B1 (en) Refrigerant compositions having a siloxane solubilizing agent
KR20140107611A (en) Heat transfer compositions having improved miscibility with lubricating oil
KR20130102617A (en) Low gwp heat transfer compositions
CN111895672B (en) Refrigerator, working fluid for refrigerator, and refrigerator oil
CA2834894A1 (en) Heat transfer compositions and methods
US20160024361A1 (en) Heat transfer compositions and methods
KR20150093728A (en) Low gwp heat transfer compositions
WO2024009684A1 (en) Refrigerator oil and working fluid composition
JP6879411B1 (en) A composition containing a refrigerant, its use, a refrigerator having it, and a method of operating the refrigerator.
JP2019034997A (en) Refrigerator oil composition and refrigerator working fluid
AU2016231462B2 (en) Heat-transfer compositions exhibiting improved miscibility with the lubricating oil
CN106029827A (en) Use of R-1233 in liquid chillers
JP2000044938A (en) Working medium composition for air conditioner, and air conditioner using the same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant