CN111890482A - Formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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CN111890482A
CN111890482A CN202010829037.0A CN202010829037A CN111890482A CN 111890482 A CN111890482 A CN 111890482A CN 202010829037 A CN202010829037 A CN 202010829037A CN 111890482 A CN111890482 A CN 111890482A
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plywood
parts
aldehyde
temperature
adhesive
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CN111890482B (en
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许月婷
赵莉莉
何志松
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Ningxia Funing Wood Co ltd
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Guangxi Longyou Trade Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
    • B27G11/00—Applying adhesives or glue to surfaces of wood to be joined
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00
    • C08F261/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00 on to polymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C08F261/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00 on to polymers of unsaturated alcohols on to polymers of vinyl alcohol
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
    • C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
    • C08F290/06—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
    • C08F290/061—Polyesters; Polycarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J151/00—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J151/003—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2265—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of iron
    • C08K2003/2272—Ferric oxide (Fe2O3)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
    • C08K2003/3063—Magnesium sulfate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of plywood preparation, in particular to aldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and a manufacturing method thereof; the method comprises the following steps: preparing a curing auxiliary agent, preparing an aldehyde-free adhesive, pretreating a veneer, preparing a plywood, balancing moisture and the like; the formaldehyde-free adhesive is adopted, the formaldehyde emission of the prepared plywood is almost zero, and the prepared plywood belongs to a completely green and environment-friendly building material; according to the invention, a curing auxiliary agent is added into the adhesive, so that the adhesive is cured at a lower hot-pressing temperature, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved; the plywood disclosed by the invention has the advantages of zero pollution, safety, environmental friendliness, low cost and excellent physical properties, and is very suitable for being applied to the fields of interior decoration, furniture manufacturing and the like.

Description

Formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plywood preparation, in particular to aldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of woodworking mechanization and numerical control and the invention of novel adhesive resin adhesive, the plywood industry has also rapidly developed, the application field of the plywood is expanded, and the plywood is expanded from the application fields of indoor furniture and the like to the application field of structural materials.
CN101244571A provides a preparation method of E0 level plywood, and the urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive used is simple in preparation process, good in reproducibility, low in cost and long in storage period. The plywood (three-ply board, veneer and multilayer board) pressed by the adhesive has the bonding strength and the formaldehyde emission meeting the requirements of E0-grade plywood. The preparation of the urea-formaldehyde resin used in the invention adopts an alkali-acid-alkali traditional process, urea and melamine are selected to be added in three batches, the urea is added in several times to play a role in adjusting the molecular mass of the resin, and particularly, the urea added in the second time can degrade macromolecular parts in rearranged molecules, reduce the content of ether bonds in the rearranged molecules and reduce the release amount of formaldehyde. The pH value of the polycondensation stage is strictly controlled in the synthesis process, and the polycondensation reaction can be orderly and quickly carried out by a two-stage polycondensation method.
CN106903761B discloses a preparation method of plywood, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: a) continuous plywood blanks formed by continuous transverse veneer strips, continuous longitudinal veneer strip assemblies and adhesives enter a preheating and pressurizing unit to be preheated and pressurized simultaneously; b) after preheating and pressurizing, the plywood plate blank enters a heating and pressurizing unit from a preheating and pressurizing unit to be subjected to heating and pressurizing treatment; c) the veneer slabs which are heated and pressed are conveyed by the steel belt conveying unit, enter the cooling and pressing unit from the heating and pressing unit and are subjected to thickness setting and forming. According to the preparation method of the plywood, the blank is finished in one step, so that the production period is short, the efficiency of producing the plywood is high, and the plywood finished product produced by preheating and pressurizing a plywood plate blank, heating and pressurizing the plywood plate blank and cooling and fixing the thickness of the plywood plate blank is stable and reliable in quality and durable in use.
CN105969274B provides a special glue for carbonized plywood and a preparation method of the carbonized plywood, wherein the special glue for the carbonized plywood is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-150 parts of phenolic resin, 1-10 parts of melamine, 1-10 parts of silicon powder, 0.05-1.5 parts of boric acid and 4-20 parts of glue mixing agent, and the preparation method of the carbonized plywood comprises the steps of carbonizing plywood, pasting the plywood and flame-retardant and fireproof.
Along with the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the requirements of people on the living environment are higher and higher, the environmental protection performance of the plywood used as a building material receives more and more attention, the formaldehyde release problem of the plywood provided by the above patents and the prior art always troubles users, and the application of the plywood in the field of building materials is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an aldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and a manufacturing method thereof.
An aldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the method comprises the following operations:
step one, preparation of a curing assistant: adding 15-24 parts of cement, 2-8 parts of calcium titanate and 1-5 parts of iron oxide into a mixer according to the mass parts, mixing for 20-30min, adding 2-5 parts of methanesulfonic acid, 0.5-3 parts of sodium silicate and 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, controlling the temperature to be 40-70 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 30-60min to obtain the cement;
step two, preparing an aldehyde-free adhesive: according to the mass portion, 5-18 portions of curing auxiliary agent, 25-38 portions of inorganic filler, 5-14 portions of organic filler and 160 portions of aldehyde-free adhesive are mixed, the temperature is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, and the mixture is stirred and mixed for 60-120min, so that the aldehyde-free adhesive is obtained;
step three, pretreatment of the veneer: blowing dust off a veneer with the thickness of 0.5-5mm, and then drying at 60-80 ℃;
step four, preparing the plywood: the prepared adhesive is glued on a single plate at normal temperature on both sides, and the glue distribution amount is 150-2Splicing 3-7 glued veneers and 2 non-glued veneers, arranging and combining the veneers according to criss-cross textures, and performing cold press at 5-12kg/cm2Cold pressing for 10-30min under the pressure of (1), and then hot pressing;
step five, balancing moisture: the hot-pressed plywood is placed in an environment with the humidity of 12-22% and the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 48-72 hours, and then the manufacturing of the formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood can be completed.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free adhesive comprises the following steps:
preparing 20-30% aqueous solution from 100-120 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol with the average polymerization degree of 1700-2000, adding 40-58 parts by mass of hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester, 60-80 parts by mass of 3- (trimethylsilyl) -4-pentenoic acid and 0.5-2.5 parts by mass of sulfuric acid into the aqueous solution, uniformly mixing, controlling the temperature to be 70-90 ℃, stirring for reaction for 120-180min, adding 1-5 parts by mass of (allylsulfinyl) acetic acid after the reaction is finished, continuing to stir for reaction for 30-60min, adding 1.8-2.6 parts by mass of potassium persulfate, controlling the temperature to be 40-70 ℃, stirring for reaction for 60-180min, adding 5-10 parts by mass of 10-20% aluminum sulfate solution, 0.1-0.5 part by mass of borax and 0.05-0.1 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, cooling to room temperature after stirring for 30-60min, and adding 50-75 parts of poly diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive.
The schematic equation of the partial reaction is:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
the cement in the step one is quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement or high strength sulphoaluminate cement or expansion sulphoaluminate cement.
The inorganic filler in the step one is calcium carbonate or kaolin.
And the organic filler in the step two is wood powder or flour.
And step three, drying the veneer until the moisture content is 4% -10%.
The hot pressing in the step four adopts low-temperature hot pressing, and the process comprises the following steps: hot pressing at 120-150 ℃ for 12-22 minutes under the pressure of 8-14 kg/cm2Then reducing the pressure to 1-5 kg/cm2And keeping the pressure for 10-20 min.
The formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and the manufacturing method thereof have the following advantages that: the formaldehyde emission of the prepared plywood is almost zero by adopting an aldehyde-free adhesive, and the prepared plywood belongs to a completely green and environment-friendly building material, the main components of the adhesive are modified polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester and 3- (trimethylsilyl) -4-pentenoic acid are subjected to esterification reaction and then polymerized with (allyl sulfinyl) acetic acid, so that the hydrophilicity of the adhesive is improved, and the adhesive force is improved due to a crosslinked net structure; according to the invention, a curing auxiliary agent is added into the adhesive, so that the adhesive is cured at a lower hot-pressing temperature, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved; the plywood disclosed by the invention has the advantages of zero pollution, safety, environmental friendliness, low cost and excellent physical properties, and is very suitable for being applied to the fields of interior decoration, furniture manufacturing and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Fourier infrared spectrum of the aldehyde-free adhesive prepared in example 1:
at 2933cm-1A telescopic absorption peak of hydrocarbon exists nearby, and is 1225cm-1A flexible absorption peak of a carbon-oxygen single bond exists nearby, which indicates that the polyvinyl alcohol participates in the reaction and generates polyurethane with isocyanate; at 694cm-1Extension with silicon-carbon bond in the vicinityAbsorption peak at 1456cm-1An in-plane bending absorption peak of the carboxyl hydroxyl exists nearby, and the 3- (trimethylsilyl) -4-pentenoic acid participates in the reaction; at 1614/1535cm-1An absorption peak of benzene ring skeleton is present nearby, and is 1741cm-1The absorption peak of the amide in the vicinity of the carbonyl group is 1381cm-1The absorption peak of expansion and contraction of a carbon-nitrogen single bond is 3269cm-1A stretching absorption peak of a nitrogen-hydrogen bond exists nearby, which indicates that the poly diphenylmethane diisocyanate and the hyperbranched polyester participate in the reaction; at 1168cm-1The antisymmetric telescopic absorption peak of the sulfonate exists nearby, which indicates that (allyl sulfinyl) acetic acid participates in the reaction.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
the following hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyesters are commercially available products of SeHBP H10 type using aliphatic hyperbranched polyesters as frameworks.
Example 1
An aldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the method comprises the following operations:
step one, preparation of a curing assistant: adding 15kg of cement, 2kg of calcium titanate and 1kg of iron oxide into a mixer, mixing for 20min, adding 2kg of methanesulfonic acid, 0.5kg of sodium silicate and 1kg of magnesium sulfate, controlling the temperature to be 40 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 30min to obtain the cement;
step two, preparing an aldehyde-free adhesive: mixing 5kg of curing aid, 25kg of inorganic filler, 5kg of organic filler and 140kg of aldehyde-free adhesive, controlling the temperature to be 40 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 60min to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive;
step three, pretreatment of the veneer: blowing dust off a single plate with the thickness of 0.5mm, and then drying at 60 ℃;
step four, preparing the plywood: the prepared adhesive is glued on a single plate at normal temperature on both sides, and the glue spreading amount is 150g/m2Splicing 3 glued veneers and 2 non-glued veneers, arranging and combining the veneers according to criss-cross textures, and performing cold press at 5kg/cm2Cold pressing for 10min under the pressure of (1), and then hot pressing;
step five, balancing moisture: and placing the hot-pressed plywood in an environment with the humidity of 12% and the temperature of 20 ℃ for 48 hours to finish the manufacture of the formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free adhesive comprises the following steps:
preparing 100kg of polyvinyl alcohol with the average polymerization degree of 1700 into 20% aqueous solution, then adding 40kg of hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester, 60kg of 3- (trimethylsilyl) -4-pentenoic acid and 0.5kg of sulfuric acid into the solution, uniformly mixing, controlling the temperature to be 70 ℃, stirring, reacting for 120min, adding 1kg of (allyl sulfinyl) acetic acid after the reaction is finished, continuously stirring, reacting for 30min, adding 1.8kg of potassium persulfate, controlling the temperature to be 40 ℃, stirring, reacting for 60min, adding 5kg of 10% of aluminum sulfate solution, 0.1kg of borax and 0.05kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate after the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature after stirring for 30min, adding 50kg of poly diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive.
The cement in the step one is quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement.
The inorganic filler in the step one is calcium carbonate.
And the organic filler in the second step is wood powder.
And step three, drying the veneer until the moisture content is 4%.
The hot pressing in the step four adopts low-temperature hot pressing, and the process comprises the following steps: hot pressing at 120 deg.C for 12 min under 8kg/cm2Then, the pressure was reduced to 1 kg/cm2And keeping the pressure for 10 min.
Example 2
An aldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the method comprises the following operations:
step one, preparation of a curing assistant: adding 20kg of cement, 5kg of calcium titanate and 3kg of iron oxide into a mixer, mixing for 25min, adding 3kg of methanesulfonic acid, 2kg of sodium silicate and 2kg of magnesium sulfate, controlling the temperature to be 60 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 45min to obtain the calcium titanate/iron oxide-containing cement;
step two, preparing an aldehyde-free adhesive: mixing 12kg of curing aid, 31kg of inorganic filler, 9kg of organic filler and 150kg of aldehyde-free adhesive, controlling the temperature to be 50 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 90min to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive;
step three, pretreatment of the veneer: blowing dust off a veneer with the thickness of 2.5mm, and then drying at 70 ℃;
step four, preparing the plywood: the prepared adhesive is glued on a single plate at normal temperature on both sides, and the glue spreading amount is 210g/m2Splicing 5 glued veneers and 2 non-glued veneers, arranging and combining the veneers according to criss-cross textures, and performing cold press on the veneers at 8kg/cm2Cold pressing for 20min under the pressure of (1), and then hot pressing;
step five, balancing moisture: and placing the hot-pressed plywood in an environment with the humidity of 17% and the temperature of 25 ℃ for 60 hours to finish the manufacture of the formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free adhesive comprises the following steps:
preparing 110kg of polyvinyl alcohol with the average polymerization degree of 1800 into a 25% aqueous solution, then adding 48kg of hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester, 70kg of 3- (trimethylsilyl) -4-pentenoic acid and 1.3kg of sulfuric acid into the aqueous solution, uniformly mixing, controlling the temperature to be 80 ℃, stirring, reacting for 150min, adding 3kg of (allyl sulfinyl) acetic acid after the reaction is completed, continuously stirring, reacting for 45min, adding 2.2kg of potassium persulfate, controlling the temperature to be 60 ℃, stirring, reacting for 120min, adding 8kg of 15% of aluminum sulfate solution, 0.3kg of borax and 0.08kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate after the reaction is completed, cooling to the room temperature after the stirring for 45min, adding 55kg of polydiphenylmethane diisocyanate, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive.
The cement in the step one is high-strength sulphoaluminate cement.
The inorganic filler in the step one is kaolin.
And the organic filler in the second step is flour.
And step three, drying the veneer until the moisture content is 7%.
The hot pressing in the step four adopts low-temperature hot pressing, and the process comprises the following steps: hot pressing at 140 deg.C for 18 min under 12kg/cm2Then, the pressure was reduced to 3 kg/cm2And keeping the pressure for 15 min.
Example 3
An aldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the method comprises the following operations:
step one, preparation of a curing assistant: adding 24kg of cement, 8kg of calcium titanate and 5kg of iron oxide into a mixer, mixing for 30min, adding 5kg of methanesulfonic acid, 3kg of sodium silicate and 3kg of magnesium sulfate, controlling the temperature to be 70 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 60min to obtain the calcium titanate/iron oxide-containing cement;
step two, preparing an aldehyde-free adhesive: mixing 18kg of curing aid, 38kg of inorganic filler, 14kg of organic filler and 160kg of aldehyde-free adhesive, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 120min to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive;
step three, pretreatment of the veneer: blowing dust off a veneer with the thickness of 5mm, and then drying at 80 ℃;
step four, preparing the plywood: the prepared adhesive is glued on a single plate at normal temperature on both sides, and the glue spreading amount is 280g/m2Splicing 7 glued veneers and 2 non-glued veneers, arranging and combining the veneers according to criss-cross textures, and performing cold press on the veneers at 12kg/cm2Cold pressing for 30min under the pressure of (1), and then hot pressing;
step five, balancing moisture: and placing the hot-pressed plywood in an environment with the humidity of 22% and the temperature of 30 ℃ for 72 hours to finish the manufacture of the formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free adhesive comprises the following steps:
preparing 30% aqueous solution from 120kg of polyvinyl alcohol with the average polymerization degree of 2000, then adding 58kg of hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester, 80kg of 3- (trimethylsilyl) -4-pentenoic acid and 2.5kg of sulfuric acid into the aqueous solution, uniformly mixing, controlling the temperature to 90 ℃, stirring, reacting for 180min, adding 5kg of (allyl sulfinyl) acetic acid after the reaction is completed, continuously stirring, reacting for 60min, adding 2.6kg of potassium persulfate, controlling the temperature to 70 ℃, stirring, reacting for 180min, adding 10kg of 20% of aluminum sulfate solution, 0.5kg of borax and 0.1kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate after the reaction is completed, cooling to room temperature after stirring for 60min, adding 75kg of polydiphenylmethane diisocyanate, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive.
The cement in the step one is expanded sulphoaluminate cement.
The inorganic filler in the step one is kaolin.
And the organic filler in the second step is wood powder.
And step three, drying the veneer until the moisture content is 10%.
The hot pressing in the step four adopts low-temperature hot pressing, and the process comprises the following steps: hot pressing at 150 deg.C for 22 min under 14kg/cm2Then, the pressure was reduced to 5kg/cm2And keeping the pressure for 20 min.
Example 4
An aldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the method comprises the following operations:
step one, preparation of a curing assistant: adding 24kg of cement, 8kg of calcium titanate and 5kg of iron oxide into a mixer, mixing for 30min, adding 5kg of methanesulfonic acid, 3kg of sodium silicate and 3kg of magnesium sulfate, controlling the temperature to be 70 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 60min to obtain the calcium titanate/iron oxide-containing cement;
step two, preparing an aldehyde-free adhesive: mixing 18kg of curing aid, 38kg of inorganic filler, 14kg of organic filler and 160kg of aldehyde-free adhesive, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 120min to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive;
step three, pretreatment of the veneer: blowing dust off a veneer with the thickness of 5mm, and then drying at 80 ℃;
step four, preparing the plywood: the prepared adhesive is glued on a single plate at normal temperature on both sides, and the glue spreading amount is 280g/m2Splicing 7 glued veneers and 2 non-glued veneers, arranging and combining the veneers according to criss-cross textures, and performing cold press on the veneers at 12kg/cm2Cold pressing for 30min under the pressure of (1), and then hot pressing;
step five, balancing moisture: and placing the hot-pressed plywood in an environment with the humidity of 22% and the temperature of 30 ℃ for 72 hours to finish the manufacture of the formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free adhesive comprises the following steps:
preparing 110kg of polyvinyl alcohol with the average polymerization degree of 1800 into a 25% aqueous solution, then adding 48kg of hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester, 70kg of 3- (trimethylsilyl) -4-pentenoic acid and 2.5kg of sulfuric acid into the aqueous solution, uniformly mixing, controlling the temperature to be 80 ℃, stirring, reacting for 150min, adding 3kg of (allyl sulfinyl) acetic acid after the reaction is completed, continuously stirring, reacting for 45min, adding 2.2kg of potassium persulfate, controlling the temperature to be 60 ℃, stirring, reacting for 120min, adding 8kg of 15% of aluminum sulfate solution, 0.3kg of borax and 0.08kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate after the reaction is completed, cooling to the room temperature after the stirring for 45min, adding 55kg of polydiphenylmethane diisocyanate, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive.
The cement in the step one is quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement.
The inorganic filler in the step one is calcium carbonate.
And the organic filler in the second step is wood powder.
And step three, drying the veneer until the moisture content is 4%.
The hot pressing in the step four adopts low-temperature hot pressing, and the process comprises the following steps: hot pressing at 120 deg.C for 12 min under 8kg/cm2Then, the pressure was reduced to 1 kg/cm2And keeping the pressure for 10 min.
Comparative example 1
An aldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the method comprises the following operations:
step one, preparation of a curing assistant: adding 15kg of cement, 2kg of calcium titanate and 1kg of iron oxide into a mixer, mixing for 20min, adding 2kg of methanesulfonic acid, 0.5kg of sodium silicate and 1kg of magnesium sulfate, controlling the temperature to be 40 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 30min to obtain the cement;
step two, preparing an aldehyde-free adhesive: mixing 25kg of inorganic filler, 5kg of organic filler and 140kg of aldehyde-free adhesive, controlling the temperature to be 40 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 60min to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive;
step three, pretreatment of the veneer: blowing dust off a single plate with the thickness of 0.5mm, and then drying at 60 ℃;
step four, preparing the plywood: the prepared adhesive is glued on a single plate at normal temperature on both sides, and the glue spreading amount is 150g/m2Splicing 3 glued veneers and 2 non-glued veneers, arranging and combining the veneers according to criss-cross textures, and performing cold press at 5kg/cm2Under pressure of (2)Cold pressing for 10min, and hot pressing;
step five, balancing moisture: and placing the hot-pressed plywood in an environment with the humidity of 12% and the temperature of 20 ℃ for 48 hours to finish the manufacture of the formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free adhesive comprises the following steps:
preparing 100kg of polyvinyl alcohol with the average polymerization degree of 1700 into 20% aqueous solution, then adding 40kg of hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester and 60kg of 3- (trimethylsilyl) -4-pentenoic acid into the solution, controlling the temperature of 0.5kg of sulfuric acid at 70 ℃, stirring for reaction for 120min, adding 1kg of (allyl sulfinyl) acetic acid after the reaction is finished, continuing to stir for reaction for 30min, adding 1.8kg of potassium persulfate, controlling the temperature to 40 ℃, stirring for reaction for 60min, adding 5kg of 10% of aluminum sulfate solution, 0.1kg of borax and 0.05kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate after the reaction is finished, stirring for 30min, cooling to room temperature, adding 50kg of poly-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive.
The cement in the step one is quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement.
The inorganic filler in the step one is calcium carbonate.
And the organic filler in the second step is wood powder.
And step three, drying the veneer until the moisture content is 4%.
The hot pressing in the step four adopts low-temperature hot pressing, and the process comprises the following steps: hot pressing at 120 deg.C for 12 min under 8kg/cm2Then, the pressure was reduced to 1 kg/cm2And keeping the pressure for 10 min.
Comparative example 2
An aldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the method comprises the following operations:
step one, preparation of a curing assistant: adding 15kg of cement, 2kg of calcium titanate and 1kg of iron oxide into a mixer, mixing for 20min, adding 2kg of methanesulfonic acid, 0.5kg of sodium silicate and 1kg of magnesium sulfate, controlling the temperature to be 40 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 30min to obtain the cement;
step two, preparing an aldehyde-free adhesive: mixing 5kg of curing aid, 25kg of inorganic filler, 5kg of organic filler and 140kg of aldehyde-free adhesive, controlling the temperature to be 40 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 60min to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive;
step three, pretreatment of the veneer: blowing dust off a single plate with the thickness of 0.5mm, and then drying at 60 ℃;
step four, preparing the plywood: the prepared adhesive is glued on a single plate at normal temperature on both sides, and the glue spreading amount is 150g/m2Splicing 3 glued veneers and 2 non-glued veneers, arranging and combining the veneers according to criss-cross textures, and performing cold press at 5kg/cm2Cold pressing for 10min under the pressure of (1), and then hot pressing;
step five, balancing moisture: and placing the hot-pressed plywood in an environment with the humidity of 12% and the temperature of 20 ℃ for 48 hours to finish the manufacture of the formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free adhesive comprises the following steps:
preparing 100kg of polyvinyl alcohol with the average polymerization degree of 1700 into a 20% aqueous solution, then adding 60kg of 3- (trimethylsilyl) -4-pentenoic acid into the solution, controlling the temperature of 0.5kg of sulfuric acid to 70 ℃, stirring and reacting for 120min, adding 1kg of (allyl sulfinyl) acetic acid after the reaction is finished, continuing to stir and react for 30min, adding 1.8kg of potassium persulfate, controlling the temperature to 40 ℃, stirring and reacting for 60min, adding 5kg of 10% aluminum sulfate solution, 0.1kg of borax and 0.05kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate after the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature after stirring for 30min, adding 50kg of poly diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive.
The cement in the step one is quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement.
The inorganic filler in the step one is calcium carbonate.
And the organic filler in the second step is wood powder.
And step three, drying the veneer until the moisture content is 4%.
The hot pressing in the step four adopts low-temperature hot pressing, and the process comprises the following steps: hot pressing at 120 deg.C for 12 min under 8kg/cm2Then, the pressure was reduced to 1 kg/cm2And keeping the pressure for 10 min.
Comparative example 3
An aldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the method comprises the following operations:
step one, preparation of a curing assistant: adding 15kg of cement and 1kg of iron oxide into a mixer, mixing for 20min, adding 2kg of methanesulfonic acid, 0.5kg of sodium silicate and 1kg of magnesium sulfate, controlling the temperature to be 40 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 30min to obtain the cement;
step two, preparing an aldehyde-free adhesive: mixing 5kg of curing aid, 25kg of inorganic filler, 5kg of organic filler and 140kg of aldehyde-free adhesive, controlling the temperature to be 40 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 60min to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive;
step three, pretreatment of the veneer: blowing dust off a single plate with the thickness of 0.5mm, and then drying at 60 ℃;
step four, preparing the plywood: the prepared adhesive is glued on a single plate at normal temperature on both sides, and the glue spreading amount is 150g/m2Splicing 3 glued veneers and 2 non-glued veneers, arranging and combining the veneers according to criss-cross textures, and performing cold press at 5kg/cm2Cold pressing for 10min under the pressure of (1), and then hot pressing;
step five, balancing moisture: and placing the hot-pressed plywood in an environment with the humidity of 12% and the temperature of 20 ℃ for 48 hours to finish the manufacture of the formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood.
The preparation method of the aldehyde-free adhesive comprises the following steps:
preparing 100kg of polyvinyl alcohol with the average polymerization degree of 1700 into 20% aqueous solution, then adding 40kg of hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester and 60kg of 3- (trimethylsilyl) -4-pentenoic acid into the solution, controlling the temperature of 0.5kg of sulfuric acid at 70 ℃, stirring for reaction for 120min, adding 1kg of (allyl sulfinyl) acetic acid after the reaction is finished, continuing to stir for reaction for 30min, adding 1.8kg of potassium persulfate, controlling the temperature to 40 ℃, stirring for reaction for 60min, adding 5kg of 10% of aluminum sulfate solution, 0.1kg of borax and 0.05kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate after the reaction is finished, stirring for 30min, cooling to room temperature, adding 50kg of poly-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive.
The cement in the step one is quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement.
The inorganic filler in the step one is calcium carbonate.
And the organic filler in the second step is wood powder.
And step three, drying the veneer until the moisture content is 4%.
The hot pressing in the step four adopts low-temperature hot pressing, and the process comprises the following steps: hot pressing at 120 deg.C for 12 min under 8kg/cm2Then, the pressure was reduced to 1 kg/cm2And keeping the pressure for 10 min.
The bonding strength adopts a universal test press: BY60222/2 type according to GB/T17657-1999, a nominal pressure of 1500KN and a hot-pressing board width dimension of 500 × 500 mm;
the formaldehyde emission is measured according to the dryer method specified in the national standard GB/T17657-1999 test method for physical and chemical properties of artificial boards and veneered artificial boards.
The results of the tests on the bonding strength and formaldehyde emission of the samples of the above examples are as follows:
numbering Bonding Strength (MPa) Formaldehyde emission (mg/L)
Example 1 1.34 0.014
Example 2 1.41 0.012
Example 3 1.48 0.011
Example 4 1.39 0.012
Comparative example 1 0.87 0.015
Comparative example 2 1.05 0.014
Comparative example 3 1.19 0.013

Claims (7)

1. An aldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, wherein the method comprises the following operations:
step one, preparation of a curing assistant: adding 15-24 parts of cement, 2-8 parts of calcium titanate and 1-5 parts of iron oxide into a mixer according to the mass parts, mixing for 20-30min, adding 2-5 parts of methanesulfonic acid, 0.5-3 parts of sodium silicate and 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, controlling the temperature to be 40-70 ℃, and stirring and mixing for 30-60min to obtain the cement;
step two, preparing an aldehyde-free adhesive: according to the mass portion, 5-18 portions of curing auxiliary agent, 25-38 portions of inorganic filler, 5-14 portions of organic filler and 160 portions of aldehyde-free adhesive are mixed, the temperature is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, and the mixture is stirred and mixed for 60-120min, so that the aldehyde-free adhesive is obtained;
step three, pretreatment of the veneer: blowing dust off a veneer with the thickness of 0.5-5mm, and then drying at 60-80 ℃;
step four, preparing the plywood: the prepared adhesive is subjected to double-sided normal-temperature gluing and adhesive spreading on a single plateThe amount is 150-280g/m2Splicing 3-7 glued veneers and 2 non-glued veneers, arranging and combining the veneers according to criss-cross textures, and performing cold press at 5-12kg/cm2Cold pressing for 10-30min under the pressure of (1), and then hot pressing;
step five, balancing moisture: the hot-pressed plywood is placed in an environment with the humidity of 12-22% and the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for 48-72 hours, and then the manufacturing of the formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood can be completed.
2. The formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and the manufacturing method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the aldehyde-free adhesive comprises the following steps:
preparing 20-30% aqueous solution from 100-120 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol with the average polymerization degree of 1700-2000, adding 40-58 parts by mass of hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester, 60-80 parts by mass of 3- (trimethylsilyl) -4-pentenoic acid and 0.5-2.5 parts by mass of sulfuric acid into the aqueous solution, uniformly mixing, controlling the temperature to be 70-90 ℃, stirring for reaction for 120-180min, adding 1-5 parts by mass of (allylsulfinyl) acetic acid after the reaction is finished, continuing to stir for reaction for 30-60min, adding 1.8-2.6 parts by mass of potassium persulfate, controlling the temperature to be 40-70 ℃, stirring for reaction for 60-180min, adding 5-10 parts by mass of 10-20% aluminum sulfate solution, 0.1-0.5 part by mass of borax and 0.05-0.1 part by mass of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, cooling to room temperature after stirring for 30-60min, and adding 50-75 parts of poly diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the aldehyde-free adhesive.
3. The formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and the manufacturing method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cement in the step one is quick hardening sulphoaluminate cement or high strength sulphoaluminate cement or expansion sulphoaluminate cement.
4. The formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and the manufacturing method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inorganic filler in the step one is calcium carbonate or kaolin.
5. The formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and the manufacturing method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the organic filler in the step two is wood powder or flour.
6. The formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and the manufacturing method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step three, drying the veneer until the moisture content is 4% -10%.
7. The formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and the manufacturing method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hot pressing in the step four adopts low-temperature hot pressing, and the process comprises the following steps: hot pressing at 120-150 ℃ for 12-22 minutes under the pressure of 8-14 kg/cm2Then reducing the pressure to 1-5 kg/cm2And keeping the pressure for 10-20 min.
CN202010829037.0A 2020-08-18 2020-08-18 Formaldehyde-free environment-friendly plywood and manufacturing method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN111890482B (en)

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