CN111889680A - Direct on-demand printing mechanism for hot-melt metal micro-droplets based on piezoelectric micro-jetting - Google Patents
Direct on-demand printing mechanism for hot-melt metal micro-droplets based on piezoelectric micro-jetting Download PDFInfo
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- CN111889680A CN111889680A CN202010515663.2A CN202010515663A CN111889680A CN 111889680 A CN111889680 A CN 111889680A CN 202010515663 A CN202010515663 A CN 202010515663A CN 111889680 A CN111889680 A CN 111889680A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
The invention provides a direct on-demand printing mechanism for hot-melt metal micro-droplets based on piezoelectric micro-jetting, which comprises a base, a flexible displacement amplification mechanism, a piezoelectric stack, a push rod, a rigid compression ring, a hot-melt cavity structure and an elastic membrane, wherein the flexible displacement amplification mechanism and the hot-melt cavity structure are both fixed on the base, a conical cavity is arranged at the center of the hot-melt cavity structure, a feed hole is arranged on the upper wall surface of the hot-melt cavity structure and is communicated with the conical cavity through a communication channel, a jet micropore is arranged at the tip end of the conical cavity, the piezoelectric stack is connected with the input end of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism, one end of the push rod is connected with the output end of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism, the other end of the push rod is connected with the elastic membrane, and the rigid compression ring compresses the elastic membrane. The invention can realize the direct printing and jetting of the hot-melt metal micro-droplets, has simple and compact structure, regular shape of the jetted hot-melt metal micro-droplets and controllable outlet speed and volume.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hot-melt metal micro-droplet injection, and particularly relates to a direct on-demand hot-melt metal micro-droplet printing mechanism based on piezoelectric micro-injection.
Background
The existing hot-melt metal micro-droplet jet printing technology has good application prospects in the aspects of repairing tiny defects of metal parts, printing and forming miniature complex metal structural parts, welding pins of electronic components and the like. The existing uniform molten metal beam jet deposition technology is relatively complex in method for accurately controlling the ejected continuous fluid, is difficult to realize the injection according to requirements, and is generally used for high-frequency continuous jet deposition manufacturing; in addition, the existing molten metal droplet spraying mode based on pneumatic driving is limited by the compressibility of gas, and has the defects of poor control effect, low spraying precision, complex structure and slow response.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a direct hot-melt metal micro-droplet on-demand printing mechanism based on piezoelectric micro-spraying, which can realize direct printing and spraying of hot-melt metal micro-droplets, has a simple and compact structure, does not need a back pressure system, enables molten metal to continuously flow into a cavity along a liquid supply channel only under the action of gravity, ensures that the sprayed hot-melt metal micro-droplets have regular shapes and controllable outlet speed and volume, and can solve the problems of complex manufacturing process and low material utilization rate of the existing metal additive based on laser selective sintering and the problems of low precision, complex structure and slow response of the existing pneumatic molten metal droplet printing mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a direct on-demand printing mechanism for hot-melt metal micro-droplets based on piezoelectric micro-jetting comprises a base, a flexible displacement amplification mechanism, a piezoelectric stack, a guide compression block, a push rod, a rigid compression ring, a hot-melt cavity structure and an elastic membrane, wherein the flexible displacement amplification mechanism and the hot-melt cavity structure are fixed on the base, a conical cavity is arranged at the center of the hot-melt cavity structure, the opening of the conical cavity is arranged towards the output end of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism, a feed hole is formed in the upper wall surface of the hot-melt cavity structure, a communication channel is formed in the hot-melt cavity structure, the feed hole is communicated with the conical cavity through the communication channel, a jet micropore is formed in the tip end of the conical cavity, one end of the guide compression block abuts against the piezoelectric stack, the other end of the guide compression block is fixed on the flexible displacement amplification mechanism through a pre-tightening screw, and the piezoelectric stack is connected with, one end of the push rod is connected with the output end of the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism, the other end of the push rod is connected with the elastic membrane, and the rigid compression ring compresses the elastic membrane to cover the opening of the conical cavity to form a closed cavity.
Furthermore, the flexible displacement amplification mechanism comprises a first transverse rod, a second transverse rod, a longitudinal rod, an output rod and an input groove which are arranged in the same horizontal plane, wherein the first transverse rod, the second transverse rod and the longitudinal rod are respectively provided with two, the two first transverse rods are arranged in the same straight line, the two second transverse rods are arranged in the same straight line, the first transverse rod and the second transverse rods are arranged in parallel, and the two longitudinal rods are arranged in parallel;
two longitudinal bars are located between the first and second transverse bars, the input slot is located between the two first transverse bars, and is connected with the adjacent ends of the two first transverse rods through hinges, the other ends of the two first transverse rods are respectively connected with one end of the corresponding longitudinal rod through hinges, the output rod is positioned between the two second transverse rods, and is connected with the adjacent ends of the two second transverse rods through hinges, the other ends of the two second transverse rods are respectively connected with the other ends of the corresponding longitudinal rods through hinges, the two first transverse rods are connected with the base through a first mounting seat, each second transverse rod is connected with the base through a second mounting seat, the transverse rods are connected with the respective installation seats through hinges, the piezoelectric stacks and the guide compression blocks are arranged in an accommodating space formed between the input groove and the first installation seat, and the guide compression blocks are fixed on the first installation seat through pre-tightening screws.
Further, the communication channel comprises a positive L-shaped channel and an inverted L-shaped channel, and the horizontal part of the positive L-shaped channel is communicated with the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped channel.
Furthermore, a plurality of heating channels are arranged on the hot melting cavity structure around the conical cavity, an electric heating rod is inserted into each heating channel, a plurality of connecting holes for fastening and connecting the rigid compression ring and the hot melting cavity are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the conical cavity, and bolt through holes for fastening and connecting the rigid compression ring and the hot melting cavity are formed in the bottom of the hot melting cavity structure.
Furthermore, the one end of the push rod is provided with an external thread, the other end of the push rod is provided with an internal thread, the external thread of the push rod is connected with the output end of the output rod of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism and is fastened through a push rod fastening nut, and the internal thread of the push rod is connected and fastened with the elastic diaphragm through a push rod connecting screw.
Furthermore, a first limit step and a second limit step of the installation and positioning flexible displacement amplification mechanism and a third limit step of the installation and positioning hot-melting cavity structure are arranged on the base, installation round holes corresponding to the corresponding installation seats are formed in the first limit step and the second limit step, and installation round holes connected with the hot-melting cavity structure are formed in the third limit step.
Furthermore, every spacing step all includes vertical spacing face and horizontal location face, the horizontal location face of first spacing step and the horizontal location face of second spacing step are located same horizontal plane, the horizontal location face of third spacing step is less than the horizontal location face setting of first spacing step, the first mount pad terminal surface of flexible displacement mechanism of amplifying and the vertical spacing face contact fit of first spacing step, the second mount pad terminal surface of flexible displacement mechanism of amplifying and the vertical spacing face contact fit of second spacing step, all set up two installation round holes on the horizontal location face of first spacing step and on the horizontal location face of second spacing step, set up two installation slotted holes on the horizontal location face of third spacing step.
Furthermore, a guide groove is formed in the first mounting seat, a threaded hole communicated with the guide groove is formed in the end face of the first mounting seat, a pre-tightening screw is screwed into the threaded hole and then enters the groove in the guide compression block through the guide groove to be in contact fit with the end face of the groove, and the outer end face of the guide compression block is in contact fit with the end face of the piezoelectric stack.
Furthermore, a circular through hole is formed in the center of the elastic diaphragm, a push rod connecting screw penetrates through the circular through hole to be connected with the push rod, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the elastic diaphragm and the circumferential direction of the rigid pressing ring, and the through holes in the elastic diaphragm are correspondingly formed with the through holes in the rigid pressing ring and the connecting holes in the periphery of the conical cavity of the hot melting cavity structure.
Furthermore, a mounting groove is formed in the center of the hot melting cavity structure, when the elastic diaphragm is not mounted, the bottom of the mounting groove is communicated with the opening of the conical cavity, the outer circular surface of the rigid compression ring is matched with the groove wall of the mounting groove, and the rigid compression ring is tightly pressed on the bottom surface of the mounting groove.
Compared with the prior art, the direct hot-melt metal micro-droplet on-demand printing mechanism based on piezoelectric micro-jetting has the following advantages:
the invention can realize the direct injection of the hot-melt metal micro-droplets, the volume of the injected hot-melt micro-droplets can reach nL level, the volume of the droplets is adjustable, the response is fast, the electromagnetic interference is avoided, and the control precision is high.
The effective driving injection of any metal material with the melting point below 1000 ℃ can be realized by relying on the natural heat dissipation of air at room temperature, and the driving injection of the material with the temperature higher than 1000 ℃ only needs to be added with a cooling heat dissipation system of a displacement amplification mechanism, so that the device has high popularity and moderate degree.
The structure is simple and compact, the cost is low, the overall size is less than 200mm 100mm, and compared with a high-cost laser selective sintering additive manufacturing system and a large-volume pneumatically-driven hot melt liquid drop spraying system, the invention has more market application prospect.
Compared with a pneumatically driven hot melt liquid drop injection system, the invention has higher control precision and better reliability. Compared with the existing striker type viscous liquid drop injection mechanism, the invention has faster response, effectively solves the problem that piezoelectric ceramic is easy to depolarize due to high temperature and lose efficacy when the piezoelectric actuator is applied to high-temperature fluid injection, and compared with the existing micro-injection cavity, the feeding hole is positioned above the piezoelectric actuator and the cavity is provided with the communicating channel, the effective discharge of bubbles in the cavity in working engineering can be realized, and the influence of vibration backflow on the feeding hole can be reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a direct on-demand printing mechanism for hot-melt metal micro-droplets based on piezoelectric micro-jetting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a direct on-demand printing mechanism for hot-melt metal micro-droplets based on piezoelectric micro-jetting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a hot melt chamber configuration;
FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of a hot melt chamber configuration;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a hot melt cavity structure;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the flexible displacement magnifying mechanism;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the base;
fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the flexible displacement magnifying mechanism.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a base, 1-1-a first limiting step, 1-2-a second limiting step, 1-3-a third limiting step, 1-4-an installation round hole, 1-5-an installation long round hole and 1-6-a plane;
2-flexible displacement amplification mechanism, 2-1-second transverse rod, 2-2-threaded hole, 2-3-first mounting seat, 2-4-guide groove, 2-5-input groove, 2-6-first transverse rod, 2-7-longitudinal rod, 2-8-hinge, 2-9-output rod and 2-10-second mounting seat;
3-piezoelectric stack, 4-guide compression block, 5-pre-tightening screw, 6-push rod fastening nut, 7-push rod, 8-rigid compression ring,
9-hot melting cavity structure, 9-1-heating channel, 9-2-feeding hole, 9-3-communicating channel, 9-4-bottom surface, 9-5-conical cavity, 9-6-spraying micropore, 9-7-connecting hole, 9-8-bolt through hole and 9-9-placing groove;
10-push rod connecting screw and 11-elastic diaphragm.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-8, a direct hot-melt metal droplet on-demand printing mechanism based on piezoelectric micro-jet comprises a base 1, a flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2, a piezoelectric stack 3, a guide compression block 4, a push rod 7, a rigid compression ring 8, a hot-melt cavity structure 9 and an elastic membrane 11, wherein the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2 and the hot-melt cavity structure 9 are both fixed on the base 1 through bolts, a conical cavity 9-5 is formed in the center of the hot-melt cavity structure 9, the opening of the conical cavity 9-5 faces the output end of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2, a feed hole 9-2 is formed in the upper wall surface of the hot-melt cavity structure 9, a communication channel 9-3 is formed in the hot-melt cavity structure 9, and the feed hole 9-2 is communicated with the conical cavity 9-5 through the communication channel 9-3, the jet micro-holes 9-6 are formed in the tip end of the conical cavity 9-5, one end of the guide compression block 4 abuts against the piezoelectric stack 3, the other end of the guide compression block is fixed on the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2 through the pre-tightening screw 5, the piezoelectric stack 3 is connected with the input end of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2, one end of the push rod 7 is connected with the output end of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2, the other end of the push rod is connected with the elastic membrane 11, and the rigid compression ring 8 compresses the elastic membrane 11 to cover the opening of the conical cavity 9-5 to form a closed cavity. Under the excitation of periodic voltage signals, the piezoelectric stack 3 generates telescopic deformation, the deformation is amplified by the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism 2 and is transmitted to the push rod 7, the push rod 7 pushes the elastic diaphragm 11 to generate deformation, the volume change of the conical cavity 9-5 is caused, hot-melt metal micro-droplets are extruded to be sprayed out of the spraying micropores 9-6, and the outlet speed, the volume size and the droplet shape of the sprayed hot-melt metal droplets can be controlled by adjusting waveform parameters such as waveform sine, triangle, rectangular wave, trapezoidal wave and the like of periodic voltage models and waveform parameters such as waveform parameter voltage amplitude, duty ratio and the like.
The flexible displacement amplifying mechanism 2 is of an axisymmetric structure, and the symmetric axis is positioned in the center of the base 1 in the spanwise direction. The flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2 adopts a flexible hinge displacement amplification mechanism, the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2 comprises a first transverse rod 2-6, a second transverse rod 2-1, a longitudinal rod 2-7, an output rod 2-9 and an input groove 2-5 which are arranged in the same horizontal plane, the first transverse rod 2-6, the second transverse rod 2-1 and the longitudinal rod 2-7 are respectively provided with two, the two first transverse rods are arranged in the same straight line, the two second transverse rods are arranged in the same straight line, the first transverse rods and the second transverse rods are arranged in parallel, and the two longitudinal rods are arranged in parallel;
two longitudinal bars 2-7 are located between the first transverse bars 2-6 and the second transverse bars 2-1, the input slot 2-5 is located between the two first transverse bars 2-6 and is connected with the adjacent ends of the two first transverse bars 2-6 by hinges, the other ends of the two first transverse bars 2-6 are respectively connected with one end of the corresponding longitudinal bar 2-7 by hinges, the output bar 2-9 is located between the two second transverse bars 2-1 and is connected with the adjacent ends of the two second transverse bars 2-1 by hinges, the other ends of the two second transverse bars 2-1 are respectively connected with the other end of the corresponding longitudinal bar 2-7 by hinges, the two first transverse bars 2-6 are connected with the base 1 by a first mounting seat 2-3, each second transverse bar 2-1 is connected with the base 1 by a second mounting seat 2-10, the transverse rods are connected with the respective installation bases through hinges, the piezoelectric stacks 3 and the guide compression blocks 4 are arranged in an accommodating space formed between the input grooves 2-5 and the first installation bases 2-3, and the guide compression blocks 4 are fixed on the first installation bases 2-3 through pretightening screws 5; the hinges 2-8 are round flexible hinges, and other flexible displacement amplification structural forms and flexible hinges with other shapes can also be adopted;
the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2 is of a two-stage amplification configuration, the amplification principle schematic diagram of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2 is shown in fig. 9, and the amplification amount calculation formula is represented by formula a ═ Dout/Din＝A1/A2＝(l2/l1)*(l4/l3) Wherein l is3，l4Second cross bar 2-1, located at the upper left, corresponding to fig. 6, wherein3Second rail representing the left half of the hingeRod segment l4A second transverse bar section, which is the right half of the hinge1、l2First transverse bar 2-6, located at the bottom left, corresponding to fig. 6, where l2First crossbar segment, representing the left half of the hinge1The first transverse rod segment of the right half of the hinge, corresponding to D, is the input end face of the input slot 2-5 (the output end contact face of the piezoelectric stack)inD for output rods 2-9outDifferent displacement amplification factors are obtained by adjusting the overall size of the first transverse rod 2-6 and the position of the hinge connected with the first mounting seat, different amplification efficiencies can be obtained by optimizing the length of each rod of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2 and the unfolding position of the hinge, and a multi-stage amplification configuration can also be adopted.
The rotating pretightening screw 5 pushes the guide compression block 4 to move in the guide grooves 2-4 of the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism 2 and compress the piezoelectric stack 3, so that the head and tail ends of the piezoelectric stack 3 are respectively tightly attached to the convex surface of the guide compression block 4 and the end surfaces of the input grooves 2-5 of the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism 2 and have certain mutual extrusion force, and the pretightening force generated by the extrusion force ensures the normal and effective work of the piezoelectric stack 3. The piezoelectric stack 3 is in direct contact with the convex surface of the guide compression block 4, and the piezoelectric stack 3 is bonded with the end surfaces of the input grooves 2-5 of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2 by adopting epoxy resin or other glue; or the convex surfaces of the piezoelectric stack 3 and the guide compression block 4 are bonded by epoxy resin or other glue, and the piezoelectric stack 3 is directly contacted with the end surfaces of the input grooves 2-5 of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2; the guide pressing block 4 and the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism 2 are in small clearance fit, and the guide pressing block 4 can move horizontally in the guide grooves 2-4 on the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism 2.
The feed inlet 9-2 of the hot-melting cavity structure 9 is positioned above the cavity structure, raw materials enter the communicating channel 9-3 through the feed inlet 9-2 to start hot melting, and enter the conical cavity 9-5 after hot melting, and because the feed inlet 9-2 is positioned above, bubbles generated inside the conical cavity 9-5 in the injection process can be discharged through the feed inlet 9-2; the communication channel 9-3 comprises a positive L-shaped channel and an inverted L-shaped channel, and the horizontal part of the positive L-shaped channel is communicated with the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped channel, so that the communication channel 9-3 can inhibit the backflow of hot molten metal in the conical cavity 9-5 to the feeding hole 9-2 when the space volume of the conical cavity 9-5 deforms in the spraying process; the feed inlet 9-2 is cylindrical and is directly communicated with the channel 9-3, and can also be arranged into other structural forms and arrangement schemes; the conical cavity 9-5 is a conical convergent structure, and can also be arranged into a convergent structure or a non-convergent structure in other structural forms; the injection micropores 9-6 are arranged at the conical head position of the conical cavity, are cylindrical micropores, and can also be arranged at other positions of the conical cavity 9-5 and adopt other shapes; the side wall of the mounting groove on the hot melting cavity structure 9 is a cylindrical surface, and can also be a mounting groove surface in other structural forms, and if the mounting groove surface in other forms corresponds to the elastic membrane 11 and the rigid compression ring 8, the forms are also changed.
A plurality of heating channels 9-1 are arranged on the hot melting cavity structure 9 around the conical cavity 9-5, an electric heating rod is inserted into the heating channels 9-1 to realize constant temperature heating of the cavity, a plurality of connecting holes 9-7 for connecting the rigid compression ring 8 and the hot melting cavity structure 9 are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the conical cavity 9-5, and bolt through holes 9-8 for fastening and connecting with a base are formed in the bottom of the hot melting cavity structure 9.
One end of the push rod 7 is provided with an external thread, the other end of the push rod 7 is provided with an internal thread, the external thread of the push rod 7 is connected with the output ends of the output rods 2-9 of the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism 2 and is fastened through a push rod fastening nut 6, and the internal thread of the push rod 7 is connected and fastened with the elastic diaphragm 11 through a push rod connecting screw 10. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the outer thread end of one end of the push rod 7 is screwed into the thread blind hole on the end face of the output rod 2-9 of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2 and is fastened through the push rod fastening nut 6, so that the displacement of the end face of the output rod 2-9 of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2 can be effectively transmitted to the push rod 7, the inner thread of the other end of the push rod 7 is a thread blind hole formed in the end face of the push rod, the end face of the push rod 7, which is provided with the thread blind hole, is attached to the outer surface of the elastic diaphragm 11, and the thread blind hole of the push rod 7 is screwed into the inner surface of the elastic diaphragm 11 through the push rod connecting screw 10, so that the elastic diaphragm.
The flexible displacement amplifying mechanism comprises a base 1, a first limiting step 1-1, a second limiting step 1-2 and a third limiting step 1-3, wherein the first limiting step 1-1 and the second limiting step 1-2 are used for installing and positioning the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism 2, the plane 1-6 of the base is arranged between the first limiting step 1-1 and the second limiting step 1-2, the first limiting step 1-1 and the second limiting step 1-2 are respectively provided with an installing round hole 1-4 corresponding to a corresponding installing seat, and the third limiting step 1-3 is provided with an installing long round hole 1-5 connected with the hot melting cavity structure 2. The arrangement of the installation long circular holes 1-5 enables the axial position of the hot melting cavity structure 9 to be adjustable during installation, so that the matching, fastening and connection in the axial direction among the hot melting cavity structure 9, the elastic diaphragm 11 and the push rod 7 are guaranteed. Thermal insulation materials or gaskets can be arranged on the contact surface between the hot melting cavity structure 9 and the base 1 to adjust the normal height of the hot melting cavity structure 9 on the base 1 in a micro-adjustment mode, and the matching, fastening and connection in the normal direction among the hot melting cavity structure 9, the elastic membrane 11 and the push rod 7 are guaranteed.
Each limiting step comprises a vertical limiting surface and a horizontal positioning surface, the horizontal positioning surface of the first limiting step 1-1 and the horizontal positioning surface of the second limiting step 1-2 are positioned in the same horizontal plane and are in contact fit with the bottom surface of the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism 2 to realize the normal positioning of the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism 2, the horizontal positioning surface of the third limiting step 1-3 is lower than the horizontal positioning surface of the first limiting step 1-1, the vertical limiting surface of the first limiting step 1-1 is spatially vertical to the vertical limiting surface of the second limiting step, the vertical limiting surface of the first limiting step and the vertical limiting surface of the third limiting step are arranged in parallel, the end surface of the first mounting seat 2-3 of the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism 2 is in contact fit with the vertical limiting surface of the first limiting step 1-1, and the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism 2 realizes the flexible displacement amplifying by means of the vertical limiting surface of the first limiting step 1-1 Axial positioning of the mechanism 2, wherein the end face of a second mounting seat 2-10 of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism is in contact fit with a vertical limiting face of a second limiting step 1-2 to realize the spanwise positioning of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2, a certain normal distance is kept between a plane 1-6 of the base 1 and a horizontal positioning face of a first limiting step 1-1 and a horizontal positioning face of the second limiting step 1-2 to realize natural circulation and heat dissipation of air, and the vertical limiting face of a third limiting step 1-3 of the base 1 is used for limiting the axial moving position of the hot melting cavity structure 9;
two mounting round holes 1-4 are formed in the horizontal positioning surface of the first limiting step 1-1, two mounting round holes 1-4 are formed in the horizontal positioning surface of the second limiting step 1-2, and two mounting long round holes 1-5 are formed in the horizontal positioning surface of the third limiting step 1-3.
A guide groove 2-4 is formed in the first installation seat 2-3, a threaded hole 2-2 communicated with the guide groove 2-4 is formed in the end face of the first installation seat 2-3, a pre-tightening screw 5 is screwed into the threaded hole 2-2 and then enters a groove in the guide pressing block 4 through the guide groove 2-4 to be in contact fit with the end face of the groove, and the outer end face of the guide pressing block 4 is in contact fit with the end face of the piezoelectric stack 3.
A round through hole is formed in the center of the elastic diaphragm 11, a push rod connecting screw 10 penetrates through the round through hole to be connected with the push rod 7, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the elastic diaphragm 11 and the circumferential direction of the rigid pressing ring 8, and the through holes in the elastic diaphragm 11 are arranged corresponding to the through holes in the rigid pressing ring 8 and the connecting holes 9-7 in the periphery of the conical cavity 9-5 of the hot melting cavity structure 9.
The center of the hot melting cavity structure 9 is provided with a placing groove 9-9, when the elastic membrane 11 is not installed, the bottom of the placing groove 9-9 is communicated with the opening of the conical cavity 2-9, the outer circular surface of the rigid compression ring 8 is matched with the groove wall of the placing groove 9-9, the rigid compression ring 8 is compressed on the bottom surface 9-4 of the placing groove 9-9, and the through hole on the hot melting cavity structure 9 corresponding to the elastic membrane 11 is arranged on the bottom surface 9-4 of the placing groove 9-9.
The elastic diaphragm 11 is a heat-resistant elastic diaphragm with certain elasticity and rigidity, a through hole is formed in the center of the elastic diaphragm, the end face of the blind hole formed in the push rod 7 is fixed through a push rod connecting screw and then attached to the bottom surface 9-4 of the placing groove 9-9 of the hot melting cavity structure 9, meanwhile, the elastic diaphragm is tightly pressed and fixed on the bottom surface 9-4 of the placing groove 9-9 of the hot melting cavity structure 9 through the rigid pressing ring 8 and forms a closed space with the conical cavity 9-5, and the elastic diaphragm 11 generates elastic deformation under the pressing effect of the rigid pressing ring 8 to play a sealing role.
The rigid pressing ring 8 is made of rigid materials, a matching surface outside the elastic diaphragm 11 has a certain flatness, a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed, and bolts are arranged on the through holes to fix the rigid pressing ring 8 on the hot melting cavity structure 9 and press the elastic diaphragm 11 to fixedly restrain and seal the pressing elastic diaphragm 11.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
raw materials enter from a feeding port 9-2 of the hot melting cavity structure 9 and are communicated with the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped channel to form a circuitous communicating channel 9-3, under the action of a heating rod arranged in the heating groove 9-1, the raw materials are melted and enter the conical cavity 9-5, hot melting metal fills the whole conical cavity 9-5 under the action of gravity, and the conical cavity 9-5 is sealed under the action of the rigid compression ring 8 and the elastic diaphragm 11; under the excitation of periodic voltage, the piezoelectric stack 3 generates elongation and recovery deformation, the amplification effect of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism 2 drives the push rod 7 to generate periodic displacement change, the middle part of the elastic membrane 11 generates protrusion and recovery deformation, so that the volume of a space enclosed by the elastic membrane 11 and the conical cavity 9-5 of the hot melt cavity structure 9 generates increase and decrease change, when the piezoelectric stack 3 is elongated, the volume of the space enclosed by the elastic membrane 11 and the conical cavity 9-5 of the hot melt cavity structure 9 is reduced, at the moment, positive pressure is generated in the ejection cavity instantly, molten metal is extruded from the nozzle to form micro-droplets, and certain initial speed is obtained; when the piezoelectric stack 3 recovers deformation, the volume of a space enclosed by the elastic membrane 11 and the conical cavity 9-5 of the hot-melt cavity structure 9 is increased, negative pressure is instantly generated in the spraying cavity, so that the tail of the liquid metal droplet which is sprayed and has a certain initial speed is reversely sucked, the head of the droplet is kept at an outward moving speed, the sprayed hot-melt metal micro-droplet is broken with molten metal in the cavity, and the hot-melt metal micro-droplet is completely formed and moves towards a target surface; the liquid metal in the hot melting cavity structure 9 positioned in the roundabout communication channel is replenished into the spraying cavity under the action of gravity, and the whole device returns to the initial state and starts to spray next time. Namely, the piezoelectric stack 3 generates axial extension and recovery vibration to cause the volume of a space enclosed by the elastic membrane 11 and the conical cavity 9-5 of the hot-melt cavity structure 9 to be increased or decreased, so that liquid hot-melt metal forms metal liquid drops through the nozzle and is sprayed out, and the metal liquid drops are sprayed as required.
The driving part of the invention adopts a piezoelectric driver with fast response and high precision, the driving displacement is amplified by the flexible hinge displacement amplifying mechanism and then acts on the push rod, the push rod pushes the elastic diaphragm to rapidly generate deformation, the deformation of the elastic diaphragm causes the volume of the conical cavity to change in a short time, and metal liquid drops are extruded out of the spray hole of the cavity and break in the process of reducing the volume of the cavity and then instantly recovering. The driving mode ensures that no gas exists in the cavity, so that the problem of slow response is solved, and the piezoelectric direct-drive mode and the flexible hinge displacement amplification mechanism are combined, so that the driving force and the displacement are ensured to be large enough, and the micro-droplet jet device has certain advantages for the injection of the large-viscosity molten metal micro-droplets.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a direct printing mechanism as required of little liquid drop of hot melt metal based on piezoelectricity is spouted a little which characterized in that: the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism (2) and the hot melting cavity structure (9) are fixed on the base (1), a conical cavity (9-5) is formed in the center of the hot melting cavity structure (9), the opening of the conical cavity (9-5) faces the output end of the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism (2), a feeding hole (9-2) is formed in the upper wall surface of the hot melting cavity structure (9), a communicating channel (9-3) is formed in the hot melting cavity structure (9), and the feeding hole (9-2) is communicated with the conical cavity (9-5) through the communicating channel (9-3), the ejection micro-holes (9-6) are formed in the tip end of the conical cavity (9-5), one end of the guide compression block (4) abuts against the piezoelectric stack (3), the other end of the guide compression block is fixed on the flexible displacement amplification mechanism (2) through the pre-tightening screw (5), the piezoelectric stack (3) is connected with the input end of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism (2), one end of the push rod (7) is connected with the output end of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism (2), the other end of the push rod is connected with the elastic membrane (11), and the rigid compression ring (8) compresses the elastic membrane (11) to cover the opening of the conical cavity (9-5) to form a closed cavity.
2. The direct on-demand printing mechanism of hot-melt metal micro-droplets based on piezoelectric micro-jetting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flexible displacement amplification mechanism (2) comprises a first transverse rod (2-6), a second transverse rod (2-1), a longitudinal rod (2-7), an output rod (2-9) and an input groove (2-5) which are arranged in the same horizontal plane, wherein the first transverse rod (2-6), the second transverse rod (2-1) and the longitudinal rod (2-7) are respectively provided with two, the two first transverse rods are arranged in the same straight line, the two second transverse rods are arranged in the same straight line, the first transverse rod and the second transverse rods are arranged in parallel, and the two longitudinal rods are arranged in parallel;
two longitudinal rods (2-7) are positioned between the first transverse rods (2-6) and the second transverse rods (2-1), the input slot (2-5) is positioned between the two first transverse rods (2-6) and is connected with the adjacent ends of the two first transverse rods (2-6) through hinges (2-8), the other ends of the two first transverse rods (2-6) are respectively connected with one end of the corresponding longitudinal rod (2-7) through hinges, the output rod (2-9) is positioned between the two second transverse rods (2-1) and is connected with the adjacent ends of the two second transverse rods (2-1) through hinges, the other ends of the two second transverse rods (2-1) are respectively connected with the other ends of the corresponding longitudinal rods (2-7) through hinges, and the two first transverse rods (2-6) are connected with the base (2-3) through first mounting seats (2-3) 1) And each second transverse rod (2-1) is connected with the base (1) through a second mounting seat (2-10), the transverse rods are connected with the respective mounting seats through hinges, the piezoelectric stacks (3) and the guide compression blocks (4) are arranged in accommodating spaces formed between the input grooves (2-5) and the first mounting seats (2-3), and the guide compression blocks (4) are fixed on the first mounting seats (2-3) through pretightening screws (5).
3. The direct on-demand printing mechanism of hot-melt metal micro-droplets based on piezoelectric micro-jetting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the communication channel (9-3) comprises a positive L-shaped channel and an inverted L-shaped channel, and the horizontal part of the positive L-shaped channel is communicated with the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped channel.
4. The direct on-demand printing mechanism of hot-melt metal micro-droplets based on piezoelectric micro-jetting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a plurality of heating channels (9-1) are arranged on the hot melting cavity structure (9) around the conical cavity (9-5), an electric heating rod is inserted into each heating channel (9-1), a plurality of connecting holes (9-7) used for connecting the rigid pressing ring (8) and the hot melting cavity structure (9) are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the conical cavity (9-5), and bolt through holes (9-8) used for being fixedly connected with the base are formed in the bottom of the hot melting cavity structure (9).
5. The direct hot-melt metal micro-droplet on-demand printing mechanism based on piezoelectric micro-jetting as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and one end of the push rod (7) is provided with an external thread, the other end of the push rod (7) is provided with an internal thread, the external thread of the push rod (7) is connected with the output end of the output rod (2-9) of the flexible displacement amplification mechanism (2) and is fastened through a push rod fastening nut (6), and the internal thread of the push rod (7) is connected and fastened with the elastic diaphragm (11) through a push rod connecting screw (10).
6. The direct on-demand printing mechanism of hot-melt metal micro-droplets based on piezoelectric micro-jetting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism is characterized in that a first limiting step (1-1) and a second limiting step (1-2) of the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism (2) and a third limiting step (1-3) of the hot-melt cavity structure (2) are arranged on the base (1), mounting round holes (1-4) corresponding to corresponding mounting seats are formed in the first limiting step (1-1) and the second limiting step (1-2), and mounting long round holes (1-5) connected with the hot-melt cavity structure (2) are formed in the third limiting step (1-3).
7. The direct hot-melt metal micro-droplet on-demand printing mechanism based on piezoelectric micro-jetting as claimed in claim 6, wherein: each limiting step comprises a vertical limiting surface and a horizontal positioning surface, the horizontal positioning surface of the first limiting step (1-1) and the horizontal positioning surface of the second limiting step (1-2) are positioned in the same horizontal plane, the horizontal positioning surface of the third limiting step (1-3) is lower than the horizontal positioning surface of the first limiting step (1-1) and is arranged, the end surface of the first mounting seat (2-3) of the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism (2) is in contact fit with the vertical limiting surface of the first limiting step (1-1), the end surface of the second mounting seat (2-10) of the flexible displacement amplifying mechanism is in contact fit with the vertical limiting surface of the second limiting step (1-2), two mounting round holes (1-4) are respectively formed in the horizontal positioning surface of the first limiting step (1-1) and the horizontal positioning surface of the second limiting step (1-2), two mounting long round holes (1-5) are arranged on the horizontal positioning surface of the third limiting step (1-3).
8. The direct hot-melt metal micro-droplet on-demand printing mechanism based on piezoelectric micro-jetting as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a guide groove (2-4) is formed in the first mounting seat (2-3), a threaded hole (2-2) communicated with the guide groove (2-4) is formed in the end face of the first mounting seat (2-3), a pre-tightening screw (5) is screwed into the threaded hole (2-2), enters a groove in the guide pressing block (4) through the guide groove (2-4) and is in contact fit with the end face of the groove, and the outer end face of the guide pressing block (4) is in contact fit with the end face of the piezoelectric stack (3).
9. The direct hot-melt metal micro-droplet on-demand printing mechanism based on piezoelectric micro-jetting as claimed in claim 4, wherein: a round through hole is formed in the center of the elastic diaphragm (11), a push rod connecting screw (10) penetrates through the round through hole to be connected with the push rod (7), a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the elastic diaphragm (11) and the circumferential direction of the rigid pressing ring (8), and the through holes in the elastic diaphragm (11), the through holes in the rigid pressing ring (8) and the connecting holes (9-7) in the periphery of the conical cavity (9-5) of the hot melting cavity structure (9) are correspondingly formed.
10. A hot-melt metal micro-droplet direct on-demand printing mechanism based on piezoelectric micro-jetting as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the center of the hot melting cavity structure (9) is provided with a placement groove (9-9), when the elastic membrane (11) is not installed, the bottom of the placement groove (9-9) is communicated with the opening of the conical cavity (2-9), the outer circular surface of the rigid compression ring (8) is matched with the groove wall of the placement groove (9-9), and the rigid compression ring (8) is compressed on the bottom surface (9-4) of the placement groove (9-9).
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