CN111883795A - Preheating type end plate for fuel cell - Google Patents
Preheating type end plate for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111883795A CN111883795A CN202010552911.0A CN202010552911A CN111883795A CN 111883795 A CN111883795 A CN 111883795A CN 202010552911 A CN202010552911 A CN 202010552911A CN 111883795 A CN111883795 A CN 111883795A
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- Prior art keywords
- preheating
- end plate
- plate
- fuel cell
- flow field
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to an end plate for a fuel cell having a function of preheating a coolant. The preheating plate is arranged on one side of the end plate, and the cooling liquid flow field is arranged on the other side of the end plate. By adding the preheating plate and the liquid flow field on the end plate, the cooling liquid is heated in the end plate during the cold start process of the fuel cell, so that the preheating system of the cooling liquid of the fuel cell is simplified. The cooling liquid is heated in the end plate of the fuel cell stack and then is immediately introduced into the fuel cell stack, so that the temperature of the fuel cell stack can be rapidly raised, and the aims of improving the rapid cold start performance of the fuel cell, saving energy consumption, simplifying a cooling liquid heating system and increasing the volume specific power of a fuel cell power generation system are fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of design of bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells, in particular to a preheating type end plate for a fuel cell.
Background
Hydrogen energy, which is a green energy carrier, can be obtained by electrolyzing water by using abandoned wind or abandoned light energy, and is considered as a future renewable energy source. The fuel cell takes hydrogen as fuel, converts chemical energy in the hydrogen energy into electric energy, and the application field of the fuel cell extends to distributed fixed power stations, mobile power sources and the like, wherein the fuel cell automobile formed by the fuel cell automobile serving as a driving power source of the electric automobile has the advantages of high hydrogenation speed, long endurance and the like and is considered as an ideal substitute of the traditional gasoline automobile.
The end plate is one of the key components of the hydrogen fuel cell, and the traditional fuel cell end plate has important functions of packaging, fixing the fuel cell stack, providing inlets and outlets for cathodes and anodes and cooling liquid, sealing and the like. The current low-temperature storage at-30 ℃ and cold start of the fuel cell are research hotspots and difficulties of the fuel cell. When the temperature of the fuel cell is below 0 ℃, water generated in the power generation process is frozen, the mass transfer process of reaction gas of the fuel cell is seriously influenced, the power generation performance is low, and the cold start failure of the fuel cell is caused in serious cases. Thus, it is necessary to rapidly raise the temperature of the fuel cell stack to above 0 ℃ during cold start of the fuel cell so that water exists in a liquid state. When a traditional fuel cell is started in a cold mode, one mode is that cooling liquid in an external cooling liquid tank is heated and is introduced into a fuel cell stack through a heat preservation pipeline to assist the fuel cell in temperature rise; or the cooling liquid is heated by a heat-preservation heating pipeline and then is introduced into the fuel cell stack. In the process, the overall heating of the cooling liquid tank takes longer time and energy, and the arrangement of the heat preservation heating pipeline increases the volume of the fuel cell power generation system and reduces the volume specific power of the power generation system. Therefore, while ensuring the success of cold start, there is a need to further reduce the cold start time, reduce the temperature rise energy consumption, and increase the volumetric specific power of the fuel cell power generation system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preheating type end plate for a fuel cell, wherein a preheating plate and a liquid flow field are respectively added on two sides of a traditional end plate, and in the low-temperature cold starting process of the fuel cell, when cooling liquid flows through the end plate, the cooling liquid is heated, and meanwhile, the end plate is also heated, so that the energy consumption is saved to the maximum extent; the cooling liquid is dynamically heated in the flow field of the end plate, and the cooling liquid can be used immediately after being heated, so that the time is saved to the maximum extent; the heated cooling liquid directly enters the cell stack, and the space is saved to the maximum extent without being transmitted by a pipeline. Thereby realizing the quick and high-efficient low-temperature cold start process of the fuel cell.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the preheating type end plate for the fuel cell comprises an end plate main body and is characterized in that a preheating plate is arranged on one surface of the end plate main body, a cooling liquid flow field is arranged at the position, corresponding to the preheating plate, on the other surface of the end plate main body, a heating device is arranged on the preheating plate, and the preheating plate heats cooling liquid flowing through the cooling liquid flow field after being heated by the heating device.
The end plate main body is provided with a preheating plate placing groove on one side of the preheating plate, and the preheating plate is arranged in the preheating plate placing groove.
The heating device comprises a resistance wire wiring field and resistance wires arranged in the resistance wire wiring field, and the resistance wire wiring field is arranged on one side of the preheating plate, which faces the end plate main body.
And a flow field cover plate is also arranged on the outer side of the cooling liquid flow field.
The outer side of the preheating plate is also provided with a preheating plate cover plate.
The cooling liquid flow field adopts a parallel flow field.
One side of the end plate main body is provided with a cooling liquid inlet end plate inlet communicated with a cooling liquid flow field, one side of the end plate main body, which is provided with the cooling liquid flow field, is positioned at the upper part of the end plate and is provided with a cooling liquid inlet fuel cell stack inlet, one side of the end plate main body, which is provided with the preheating plate placing groove, is positioned at the lower part of the preheating plate placing groove and is provided with a cooling liquid outlet penetrating through the end plate, the cooling liquid enters the cooling liquid flow field through the cooling liquid inlet end plate, enters the fuel cell stack from the cooling liquid inlet after being heated, and is discharged from the cooling liquid outlet after being.
And cathode and anode gas inlets and outlets are arranged on two sides of the inlet of the cooling liquid into the fuel cell stack and the outlet of the cooling liquid.
And a flow field sealing ring is also arranged between the flow field cover plate and the cooling liquid flow field, a sealing ring groove is arranged around the cooling liquid flow field, and the flow field sealing ring is arranged in the sealing ring groove.
The preheating plate or the preheating plate cover plate is made of insulating heat-conducting ceramic or a metal plate with the surface subjected to insulating treatment.
The invention has the following technical effects:
1) through the design of the preheating type end plate, the cooling liquid can be rapidly heated and heated, and the temperature of the fuel cell is rapidly raised to be more than 0 ℃, so that the rapid low-temperature cold start process of the fuel cell is realized;
2) the preheating time of the cooling liquid is reduced to the maximum extent, the preheating energy consumption is reduced, the preheating system in the fuel cell power generation system is simplified, and the volume ratio power of the fuel cell power generation system is improved.
Drawings
The following is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a preheating-type end plate for a fuel cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the surface A of the end plate body in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the side B of the end plate body in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the flow field cover plate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the flow field seal ring of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic front view of the preheating plate in fig. 1.
Wherein:
the fuel cell stack preheating device comprises an end plate main body 10, a preheating plate placing groove 101, a cooling liquid inlet 102, a cooling liquid outlet 103, a cathode and anode gas inlet and outlet 104, a cooling liquid flow field 111, a sealing ring groove 113, a cooling liquid inlet 121, a resistance wire wiring hole 122, a preheating plate 20, a resistance wire wiring field 21, a sealing rubber groove 22, a resistance wire wiring inlet and outlet 23, a preheating plate cover plate 30, a flow field cover plate 40, a fixing plate 41, a fixing hole 411 and a flow field sealing ring 50.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the description herein is only for purposes of explanation and is not intended to be a limitation of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the preheating-type end plate for a fuel cell includes an end plate main body 10, and the end plate main body 10 is a rectangular thin plate having front and back surfaces, wherein one surface facing the outside of the fuel cell is a surface a (a surface on which a preheating plate is provided), and the other surface, that is, the surface facing other components of the fuel cell is a surface B (a surface on which a coolant flow field is provided).
The middle part of the A surface of the end plate main body 10 is provided with a preheating plate placing groove 101 which is sunken into the plate plane, a preheating plate 20 is arranged in the preheating plate placing groove 101, a preheating plate cover plate 30 is arranged on the outer side of the preheating plate 20, and the preheating plate cover plate 30 covers the preheating plate 20 in the preheating plate placing groove 101 in a sealing mode. A coolant flow field 111 is disposed in the center of the surface B of the end plate body 10, a flow field cover plate 40 is disposed outside the coolant flow field, and the coolant flow field 111 is sealed by the flow field cover plate 40.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a surface a of the end plate body 10, a center of the surface a of the end plate body 10 is recessed inward to form a preheating plate holding groove 101, a rectangular outer frame of the surface a is formed by the portion of the preheating plate holding groove 101 without the recess, a cooling liquid outlet 103 penetrating through the end plate body 10 is provided on the lower side of the rectangular outer frame, and a cathode and anode gas inlet and outlet 104 penetrating through the end plate body are further provided on both sides of the cooling liquid outlet 103.
Fig. 3 is a schematic B-side structure diagram of the end plate body 10. A cooling liquid flow field 111 is arranged at the center of the surface B corresponding to the preheating plate placing groove 101, the cooling liquid flow field 111 adopts a parallel flow channel design, wherein the length direction of the flow channel is consistent with the length direction of the end plate main body 10, the length direction is the extension direction of the longest edge of the surface a or the surface B, a cooling liquid inlet 102 is arranged on the end plate, and cathode and anode gas inlets and outlets 104 penetrating through the end plate main body are also arranged on two sides of the cooling liquid inlet 102.
A B-surface rectangular outer frame is formed on the B surface around the cooling liquid flow field 111, and the four sides of the B-surface rectangular outer frame are provided with cooling liquid flow field cover plate positioning holes 112. A gasket groove 113 is formed around the coolant flow field 111.
The end plate body 10 has two side surfaces on both sides in the longitudinal direction, one of which is provided with a coolant inlet port 121 communicating with the coolant flow field 111, and the other of which is provided with a resistance wire wiring hole 122 communicating with the preheating plate holding groove 101.
As shown in fig. 4, the flow field cover plate 40 includes a cover plate main body, fixing pieces 41 extend from the peripheral edge of the cover plate main body, fixing holes 411 are formed in the fixing pieces 41, the fixing holes 411 correspond to the positioning holes 112 of the cooling liquid flow field cover plate on the side B, bolts pass through the fixing holes 411 and the positioning holes 112 to fix the flow field cover plate 40 on the side B of the end plate main body 10, so as to cover the cooling liquid flow field 111, and in order to ensure the sealing effect, a flow field seal ring 50 is further disposed between the side B of the cover plate main body and the flow field cover plate 40, and the flow field seal ring 50 is disposed in a seal ring groove 113 around the cooling liquid. The upper part of the cover plate is provided with a through hole communicated with the inlet 102 of the cooling liquid into the fuel cell.
The structure of the preheating plate is shown in fig. 6, a resistance wire wiring field 21 is arranged on one surface of the preheating plate 20 facing the preheating plate placing groove 101, the resistance wire wiring field 21 adopts a parallel flow field design, resistance wires are arranged in the resistance wire wiring field 21, and the resistance wires are flexibly arranged at intervals according to the specific needs of heating power and the length of the resistance wires according to actual needs. And a resistance wire wiring inlet and outlet 23 is arranged below the resistance wire wiring field 21, and after the preheating plate 20 is placed in the preheating plate placing groove 101, the resistance wire wiring inlet and outlet 23 corresponds to and is communicated with the resistance wire wiring hole 122. The resistance wires in the resistance wire wiring field 21 penetrate out from the resistance wire wiring inlet and outlet 23 and the resistance wire wiring hole 122 and then are connected with a preheating power supply. The preheating plate is made of insulating heat conducting materials, and can be ceramic or a metal plate plated with an insulating layer.
And a sealing rubber groove 22 is formed in the periphery of the resistance wire wiring field 21, and after glue is dispensed in the sealing rubber groove 22, the preheating plate 20 is glued and stands in a preheating plate placing groove 101 of the end plate main body.
The working principle of the preheating type end plate is as follows: the coolant enters the coolant flow field 111 from the coolant inlet end plate inlet 121 of the end plate body 10, is heated by the preheating plates 20 during the flow from the coolant flow field 111, and then reaches the coolant inlet 102 of the fuel cell stack, passes through the stack and exchanges heat, and then is discharged outside the fuel cell stack from the coolant outlet 103.
The specification of the preheating-type end plate for a fuel cell is described below by way of specific examples.
Example 1
The end plate main body 10 adopts an aluminum plate with the thickness of 15mm as a base material, the flow field cover plate 40 adopts an aluminum plate with the thickness of 1mm as a base material, and the preheating plate 20 and the preheating cover plate 30 adopt a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 2.5mm as a base material. In this embodiment, the end plate main body 10 has a length of 300mm and a width of 200mm, the preheating plate placement groove 101 on the a side has a width of 140mm, a length of 240mm and a depth of 5mm, and the cooling liquid flow field 111 on the B side also has a width of 140mm and a length of 240mm, wherein the flow channel of the cooling liquid flow field 111 has the following specifications: the width of the runner ridge is 1mm, the width of the runner groove is 1.5mm, and the depth of the runner groove is 3.5 mm. The width of a seal ring groove 113 on the periphery of the cooling liquid flow field 111 is 3mm, and the groove depth is 1.5 mm.
The specification of the preheating plate is that the width is 140mm, the length is 240mm, the width of a resistance wire wiring field main body is 130.6mm, the length is 230.6mm, the ridge width is 0.8mm, the groove width is 1mm, the groove depth is 1mm, the width of a sealing rubber groove 22 around the resistance wire wiring field is 2mm, and the groove depth is 0.5 mm. The diameter of the resistance wire is 0.9 mm.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The preheating type end plate for the fuel cell comprises an end plate main body and is characterized in that a preheating plate is arranged on one surface of the end plate main body, a cooling liquid flow field is arranged at the position, corresponding to the preheating plate, on the other surface of the end plate main body, a heating device is arranged on the preheating plate, and the preheating plate heats cooling liquid flowing through the cooling liquid flow field after being heated by the heating device.
2. A preheating-type end plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein one surface of the end plate main body having the preheating plate is provided with a preheating plate placement groove in which the preheating plate is disposed.
3. A preheating-type end plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the heating means includes a resistance wire wiring field and a resistance wire provided in the resistance wire wiring field, the resistance wire wiring field being provided on a side of the preheating plate facing the end plate main body.
4. A preheating-type end plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a flow field cover plate is further provided on an outer side of the coolant flow field.
5. A preheating-type end plate for a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein a preheating plate cover plate is further provided on an outer side of the preheating plate.
6. A preheating-type end plate for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the coolant flow field employs a parallel flow field.
7. A preheating-type end plate for a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein one side of the end plate body is provided with a coolant inlet port communicating with the coolant flow field, the side of the end plate body provided with the coolant flow field is provided with a coolant inlet port into the fuel cell stack at an upper portion of the end plate, the side of the end plate body provided with the preheating plate placement groove is provided with a coolant outlet port penetrating the end plate at a lower portion of the preheating plate placement groove, and the coolant enters the coolant flow field through the coolant inlet port, is heated, enters the fuel cell from the coolant inlet port into the fuel cell stack, and is discharged through the coolant outlet port after heat exchange.
8. A preheating-type end plate for a fuel cell according to claim 7, wherein a cathode-anode gas inlet and outlet are provided on both sides of the inlet and outlet of the coolant to the fuel cell stack.
9. A preheating-type end plate for a fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein a flow field sealing ring is further provided between the flow field cover plate and the coolant flow field, a sealing ring groove is provided around the coolant flow field, and the flow field sealing ring is provided in the sealing ring groove.
10. A preheating-type end plate for a fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein the preheating plate or the preheating-plate cover plate is made of an insulating and heat-conducting ceramic or a metal plate with an insulating surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010552911.0A CN111883795A (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Preheating type end plate for fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010552911.0A CN111883795A (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Preheating type end plate for fuel cell |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111883795A true CN111883795A (en) | 2020-11-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010552911.0A Pending CN111883795A (en) | 2020-06-17 | 2020-06-17 | Preheating type end plate for fuel cell |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112331880A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-02-05 | 武汉中极氢能产业创新中心有限公司 | Dead end plate of fuel cell and fuel cell |
| CN112768718A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-07 | 上海捷氢科技有限公司 | Fuel cell and heating structure of hydrogen supply system thereof |
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2020
- 2020-06-17 CN CN202010552911.0A patent/CN111883795A/en active Pending
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112331880A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-02-05 | 武汉中极氢能产业创新中心有限公司 | Dead end plate of fuel cell and fuel cell |
| CN112768718A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-07 | 上海捷氢科技有限公司 | Fuel cell and heating structure of hydrogen supply system thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201103 |
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