CN111875770B - 一种防水棉衣 - Google Patents

一种防水棉衣 Download PDF

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CN111875770B
CN111875770B CN202010664887.XA CN202010664887A CN111875770B CN 111875770 B CN111875770 B CN 111875770B CN 202010664887 A CN202010664887 A CN 202010664887A CN 111875770 B CN111875770 B CN 111875770B
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CN111875770A (zh
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林巧
黄丽娜
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Wenzhou Houde Clothing Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及服装领域，具体公开了一种防水棉衣。防水棉衣包括外表层、填充层和内衬层，所述外表层包括涤纶基布、涂覆在涤纶基布表面的PU涂层，所述PU涂层由包含以下重量份的原料制成：水性聚氨酯90‑100份；增稠剂3‑5份；填料3‑5份；消光粉1.5‑2份；交联剂0.4‑0.8份。本发明具有PU涂层附着力强，棉衣使用寿命长的优点。

Description

一种防水棉衣
技术领域
本发明涉及服装的领域，更具体的说，它涉及一种防水棉衣。
背景技术
棉衣是指内充以棉花、羽绒等物料作为填充物，用来御寒的服饰。棉花能吸收很多空气，而空气是热的不良导体，不容易产生热交换，因而棉衣具有优异的保暖效果。棉衣内衬常为光滑、耐磨的涤纶面料，棉衣外表层常为防水的涂层面料。
涂层面料分为即在基布表面形成一层均匀的涂层胶，基布可以为棉布、涤纶、锦纶等，涂层胶分为PU胶、PA胶等。其中PU涂层面料具有手感好、有弹性、防水透湿，因此应用广泛。但是目前普遍存在PU涂层附着力差的问题，棉衣长期穿着后PU皮容易剥落，有待改进。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的PU涂层附着力差的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种防水棉衣，其具有PU涂层附着力高的优点。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
一种防水棉衣，包括外表层、填充层和内衬层，所述外表层包括涤纶基布、涂覆在涤纶基布表面的PU涂层，所述PU涂层由包含以下重量份的原料制成：
水性聚氨酯 90-100份；
增稠剂 3-5份；
填料 3-5份；
消光粉 1.5-2份；
交联剂 0.4-0.8份；
所述水性聚氨酯的制备过程如下：
第一步，将10-12份多聚甲醛、30-35份松香、120-150份甲苯和0.15-0.2份浓硫酸混合，升温至100-120℃，反应4-6h，再继续升温至140-150℃，反应20-30min，回收去除甲苯后温度降至室温，丙酮洗、于60℃下烘干，得到预产物；
第二步，将50-60份上述预产物、25-30份丙三醇、0.2-0.3份氢氧化钾混合，升温至100-110℃并保温，抽真空脱水2-3h，再于0.3-0.5MPa压力下加入90-100份环氧丙烷，反应1-2h，接着加入50-60份环氧乙烷，反应1-2h，反应完成后减压蒸馏，得到粗产物；
第三步，将50-60份上述粗产物、5-6份水、0.6-0.8份磷酸、0.2-0.3份酸性白土混合均匀，抽真空脱水、过滤去除滤渣，得到聚醚多元醇；
第四步，将40-50份上述聚醚多元醇、20-25份PCDL-1000混合并搅拌均匀，升温至100-120℃，真空脱水2-3h后冷却至室温，再加入30-35份TDI、0.12-0.18份二月桂酸二丁基锡，升温至80-90℃，反应2-3h，接着加入3-4份二羟甲基丙酸，反应1-2h，然后降温至50-60℃，加入8-10份二甘醇和10-15份丙酮的混合液，反应2-4h后脱除丙酮，最后冷却至室温，加入3-4份三乙胺，搅拌15-20min后加入80-90份水，剪切乳化20-30min，得到水性聚氨酯。
通过采用上述技术方案，松香分子结构中含有不饱和的共轭双键和羧基官能团，可以与其他化学官能团进行反应，且其分子中含有刚性的稠环结构。松香分子进行羟甲基化后引入到水性聚氨酯分子结构中，一方面PU涂层的耐热性、光泽度及耐水性均有所改善，另一方面可减小涂层的体积收缩率，使其在涤纶基布上具有较好的附着力，且涂层的柔韧性更好。
进一步地，所述涤纶基布经过预处理，预处理具体过程如下：
第一步，将涤纶基布浸入碱处理液，升温至50-60℃，持续10-15min后取出，水洗、烘干备用；
第二步，将经过第一步处理的涤纶基布浸入胺处理液，升温至70-80℃， 持续20-30min后取出，水洗、烘干备用；
第三步，将经过第二步处理的涤纶基布浸入丙烯酸处理液，升温至50-60℃，持续2-3h，经轧压后于100-130℃下焙烘2-3min，最后水洗、烘干，所述丙烯酸处理液包括10-20g/L丙烯酸、6-8g/L双氧水。
通过采用上述技术方案，一方面涤纶基布的亲水性改善，透湿性提高，穿着更为舒适；另一方面涤纶纤维上引入大量可反应的活性基团，与水性聚氨酯之间存在化学键结合，使PU涂层的附着力提高。
进一步地，所述碱处理液包括15-20g/L氢氧化钠、6-8g/L双氧水、3-5g/LOP-10。
通过采用上述技术方案，涤纶分子在碱处理液中会发生部分水解，生成乙二醇和水溶性的对苯二甲酸盐，进而使得涤纶分子结构相对疏松，亲水性改善，提高外表层的透湿性能。
进一步地，所述胺处理液包括20-25g/L乙醇胺、3-5g/L碳酸氢钠。
通过采用上述技术方案，涤纶基布经过胺处理液浸泡，纤维结构上引入活性基团，可与松香分子结构形成化学键结合，提高PU涂层的附着力。
进一步地，所述填料为纳米二氧化钛。
通过采用上述技术方案，纳米二氧化钛具有补强增韧的效果，可改善PU涂层的机械性能，而在本发明的水性聚氨酯中无需表面处理便能较好的分散。
进一步地，所述交联剂为氨基树脂。
通过采用上述技术方案，可提高水性聚氨酯和涤纶纤维之间的交联程度，进而提高PU涂层的附着性能。
进一步地，所述增稠剂为羧甲基纤维素。
通过采用上述技术方案，羧甲基纤维素来源广泛且环保无污染。
进一步地，所述消光粉为二氧化硅消光剂。
通过采用上述技术方案，低添加量便能产生优良的消光效果，且化学惰性高，易于长时间贮存。
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、本发明中的水性聚氨酯采用松香制成的聚醚多元醇，在水性聚氨酯分子中引入松香的稠环结构，提高PU涂层的附着力；
2、本发明中的涤纶基布经过预处理，引入大量可与水性聚氨酯反应的活性基团，进而提高PU涂层的附着力。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的防水棉衣的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：1、外表层；2、填充层；3、内衬层。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明，予以特别说明的是：以下实施例中未注明具体条件者，按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行，以下实施例中所用原料除特殊说明外均可来源于普通市售。
本发明的实施例采用以下原料：
纳米二氧化钛粒径50nm，购买自杭州九朋新材料有限责任公司；二氧化硅消光剂牌号VK-SP30B，购买自杭州万景新材料有限公司；氨基树脂牌号385，购买自美国湛新；多聚甲醛购买自济南铭信化工有限公司；松香为马尾松松香，购买自广西梧州日成林产化工有限公司；酸性白土购买自山东淄博春昇环保科技有限公司。
实施例1：
一种防水棉衣，如图1所示，包括外表层1、填充层2和内衬层3，外表层1包括涤纶基布、涂覆在涤纶基布表面的PU涂层， 填充层2为棉花，内衬层3为涤纶面料制成。
涤纶基布经过预处理，预处理具体过程如下：
第一步，将涤纶基布浸入碱处理液，浴比1:20，升温至50℃，持续10min后取出，水洗、烘干备用，碱处理液包括15g/L氢氧化钠、6g/L30wt%双氧水、3g/LOP-10、余量为水；
第二步，将经过第一步处理的涤纶基布浸入胺处理液，浴比1:20，升温至70℃， 持续20min后取出，水洗、烘干备用，胺处理液包括20g/L乙醇胺、3g/L碳酸氢钠、余量为水；
第三步，将经过第二步处理的涤纶基布浸入丙烯酸处理液，浴比1:20，升温至50℃，持续2h，一浸一轧，轧余率70%，随后于100℃下焙烘2min，最后水洗、烘干，丙烯酸处理液包括10g/L丙烯酸、6g/L30wt%双氧水、余量为水。
PU涂层的制作过程如下：先将90份水性聚氨酯、3份羧甲基纤维素、3份纳米二氧化钛、1.5份二氧化硅消光剂、0.4份氨基树脂混合均匀，得到涂料；再将涂料均匀刮涂在经过预处理的涤纶基布表面；接着加热至100℃，持续5min，最后加热至150℃，持续30s，PU涂层便成型在涤纶基布表面。
水性聚氨酯的制备过程如下：
第一步，将10份多聚甲醛、30份松香、120份甲苯和0.15份98wt%浓硫酸混合，升温至100℃，反应4h，再继续升温至140℃，反应20min，回收去除甲苯后温度降至室温，丙酮洗、于60℃下烘干，得到预产物；
第二步，将50份上述预产物、25份丙三醇、0.2份氢氧化钾混合，升温至100℃并保温，抽真空脱水2h，再于0.3MPa压力下加入90份环氧丙烷，反应1h，接着加入50份环氧乙烷，反应1h，反应完成后减压蒸馏，得到粗产物；
第三步，将50份上述粗产物、5份水、0.6份磷酸、0.2份酸性白土混合均匀，抽真空脱水、过滤去除滤渣，得到聚醚多元醇；
第四步，将40份上述聚醚多元醇、20份PCDL-1000混合并搅拌均匀，升温至100℃，真空脱水2h后冷却至室温，再加入30份TDI、0.12份二月桂酸二丁基锡，升温至80℃，反应2h，接着加入3份二羟甲基丙酸，反应1h，然后降温至50℃，加入8份二甘醇和10份丙酮的混合液，反应2h后脱除丙酮，最后冷却至室温，加入3份三乙胺，搅拌15min后加入80份水，以1500r/min的转速剪切乳化20min，得到水性聚氨酯。
实施例2：
一种防水棉衣，如图1所示，包括外表层1、填充层2和内衬层3，外表层1包括涤纶基布、涂覆在涤纶基布表面的PU涂层， 填充层2为棉花，内衬层3为涤纶面料制成。
涤纶基布经过预处理，预处理具体过程如下：
第一步，将涤纶基布浸入碱处理液，浴比1:20，升温至60℃，持续15min后取出，水洗、烘干备用，碱处理液包括20g/L氢氧化钠、8g/L30wt%双氧水、5g/LOP-10、余量为水；
第二步，将经过第一步处理的涤纶基布浸入胺处理液，浴比1:20，升温至80℃， 持续30min后取出，水洗、烘干备用，胺处理液包括25g/L乙醇胺、5g/L碳酸氢钠、余量为水；
第三步，将经过第二步处理的涤纶基布浸入丙烯酸处理液，浴比1:20，升温至60℃，持续3h，一浸一轧，轧余率70%，随后于130℃下焙烘3min，最后水洗、烘干，丙烯酸处理液包括20g/L丙烯酸、8g/L30wt%双氧水、余量为水。
PU涂层的制作过程如下：先将100份水性聚氨酯、5份羧甲基纤维素、5份纳米二氧化钛、2份二氧化硅消光剂、0.8份氨基树脂混合均匀，得到涂料；再将涂料均匀刮涂在经过预处理的涤纶基布表面；接着加热至105℃，持续5min，最后加热至170℃，持续30s，PU涂层便成型在涤纶基布表面。
水性聚氨酯的制备过程如下：
第一步，将12份多聚甲醛、35份松香、150份甲苯和0.2份98wt%浓硫酸混合，升温至120℃，反应6h，再继续升温至150℃，反应30min，回收去除甲苯后温度降至室温，丙酮洗、于60℃下烘干，得到预产物；
第二步，将60份上述预产物、30份丙三醇、0.3份氢氧化钾混合，升温至110℃并保温，抽真空脱水3h，再于0.5MPa压力下加入100份环氧丙烷，反应2h，接着加入60份环氧乙烷，反应2h，反应完成后减压蒸馏，得到粗产物；
第三步，将60份上述粗产物、6份水、0.8份磷酸、0.3份酸性白土混合均匀，抽真空脱水、过滤去除滤渣，得到聚醚多元醇；
第四步，将50份上述聚醚多元醇、25份PCDL-1000混合并搅拌均匀，升温至120℃，真空脱水3h后冷却至室温，再加入35份TDI、0.18份二月桂酸二丁基锡，升温至90℃，反应3h，接着加入4份二羟甲基丙酸，反应2h，然后降温至60℃，加入10份二甘醇和15份丙酮的混合液，反应4h后脱除丙酮，最后冷却至室温，加入4份三乙胺，搅拌20min后加入90份水，以1500r/min的转速剪切乳化30min，得到水性聚氨酯。
实施例3：
一种防水棉衣，如图1所示，包括外表层1、填充层2和内衬层3，外表层1包括涤纶基布、涂覆在涤纶基布表面的PU涂层， 填充层2为棉花，内衬层3为涤纶面料制成。
涤纶基布经过预处理，预处理具体过程如下：
第一步，将涤纶基布浸入碱处理液，浴比1:20，升温至55℃，持续12min后取出，水洗、烘干备用，碱处理液包括18g/L氢氧化钠、7g/L30wt%双氧水、4g/LOP-10、余量为水；
第二步，将经过第一步处理的涤纶基布浸入胺处理液，浴比1:20，升温至75℃， 持续25min后取出，水洗、烘干备用，胺处理液包括23g/L乙醇胺、4g/L碳酸氢钠、余量为水；
第三步，将经过第二步处理的涤纶基布浸入丙烯酸处理液，浴比1:20，升温至55℃，持续2.5h，一浸一轧，轧余率70%，随后于120℃下焙烘2.5min，最后水洗、烘干，丙烯酸处理液包括15g/L丙烯酸、7g/L30wt%双氧水、余量为水。
PU涂层的制作过程如下：先将95份水性聚氨酯、4份羧甲基纤维素、4份纳米二氧化钛、1.8份二氧化硅消光剂、0.6份氨基树脂混合均匀，得到涂料；再将涂料均匀刮涂在经过预处理的涤纶基布表面；接着加热至102℃，持续5min，最后加热至160℃，持续30s，PU涂层便成型在涤纶基布表面。
水性聚氨酯的制备过程如下：
第一步，将11份多聚甲醛、32份松香、130份甲苯和0.18份98wt%浓硫酸混合，升温至110℃，反应5h，再继续升温至145℃，反应25min，回收去除甲苯后温度降至室温，丙酮洗、于60℃下烘干，得到预产物；
第二步，将55份上述预产物、28份丙三醇、0.25份氢氧化钾混合，升温至105℃并保温，抽真空脱水2.5h，再于0.4MPa压力下加入95份环氧丙烷，反应1.5h，接着加入55份环氧乙烷，反应1.5h，反应完成后减压蒸馏，得到粗产物；
第三步，将55份上述粗产物、5.5份水、0.7份磷酸、0.25份酸性白土混合均匀，抽真空脱水、过滤去除滤渣，得到聚醚多元醇；
第四步，将45份上述聚醚多元醇、22份PCDL-1000混合并搅拌均匀，升温至110℃，真空脱水2.5h后冷却至室温，再加入32份TDI、0.15份二月桂酸二丁基锡，升温至85℃，反应2.5h，接着加入3.5份二羟甲基丙酸，反应1.5h，然后降温至55℃，加入9份二甘醇和12份丙酮的混合液，反应3h后脱除丙酮，最后冷却至室温，加入3.5份三乙胺，搅拌18min后加入85份水，以1500r/min的转速剪切乳化25min，得到水性聚氨酯。
实施例4：
与实施例3的区别在于，PU涂层不包括纳米二氧化钛。
实施例5：
与实施例3的区别在于，涤纶基布未进行预处理。
实施例6：
与实施例3的区别在于，涤纶基布预处理过程未进行第二步。
实施例7：
与实施例3的区别在于，涤纶基布预处理过程未进行第三步。
对比例1：
与实施例3的区别在于，水性聚氨酯制备过程中的聚醚多元醇替换为PTMG-2000。
对比例2：
与实施例3的区别在于，水性聚氨酯制备过程中的聚醚多元醇替换为PTMG-2000，且涤纶基布未进行预处理。
对比例3：
与实施例3的区别在于，PU涂层不包括氨基树脂。
性能测试：
根据FZ/T 01004-2008《涂层织物 抗渗水性的测定》中记载的方法，对实施例1-7、对比例1-3的外表层进行防水测试，所得结果见表1。
根据FZ/T 01010-2012《涂层织物 涂层剥离强力的测定》中记载的方法，对实施例1-7、对比例1-3的外表层进行涂层附着力测试，所得结果见表1。
根据FZ/T 01052-1998《涂层织物 抗扭曲弯挠性能的测定》中记载的方法，对实施例1-7、对比例1-3的外表层进行抗扭曲弯挠性能测试，所得结果见表1。
表1 外表层性能测试结果记录表
最大静水压/KPa 剥离强度(N/cm) 抗扭曲弯挠/级
实施例1 39.5 13.8 0
实施例2 39.4 13.5 0
实施例3 40.4 14.2 0
实施例4 39.7 14.1 1
实施例5 36.5 9.2 2
实施例6 39.8 11.8 2
实施例7 36.7 12.5 1
对比例1 28.9 6.9 3
对比例2 19.2 3.2 4
对比例3 39.4 12.9 1
从表1可以看出：
1、对比实施例1-3，实施例3各方面性能相对更为优异，其为优选实施例；
2、对比实施例3和实施例5-7，涤纶基布经过预处理，PU涂层的附着力提高且防水性能有所改善；
3、对比例实施例3和对比例1、2，聚醚多元醇采用松香制成，有利于提高PU涂层的附着力和防水性能。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (7)

1.一种防水棉衣，包括外表层(1)、填充层(2)和内衬层(3)，所述外表层(1)包括涤纶基布、涂覆在涤纶基布表面的PU涂层，其特征在于，所述PU涂层由包含以下重量份的原料制成：
水性聚氨酯 90-100份；
增稠剂 3-5份；
填料 3-5份；
消光粉 1.5-2份；
交联剂 0.4-0.8份；
所述水性聚氨酯的制备过程如下：
第一步，将10-12份多聚甲醛、30-35份松香、120-150份甲苯和0.15-0.2份浓硫酸混合，升温至100-120℃，反应4-6h，再继续升温至140-150℃，反应20-30min，回收去除甲苯后温度降至室温，丙酮洗、于60℃下烘干，得到预产物；
第二步，将50-60份上述预产物、25-30份丙三醇、0.2-0.3份氢氧化钾混合，升温至100-110℃并保温，抽真空脱水2-3h，再于0.3-0.5MPa压力下加入90-100份环氧丙烷，反应1-2h，接着加入50-60份环氧乙烷，反应1-2h，反应完成后减压蒸馏，得到粗产物；
第三步，将50-60份上述粗产物、5-6份水、0.6-0.8份磷酸、0.2-0.3份酸性白土混合均匀，抽真空脱水、过滤去除滤渣，得到聚醚多元醇；
第四步，将40-50份上述聚醚多元醇、20-25份PCDL-1000混合并搅拌均匀，升温至100-120℃，真空脱水2-3h后冷却至室温，再加入30-35份TDI、0.12-0.18份二月桂酸二丁基锡，升温至80-90℃，反应2-3h，接着加入3-4份二羟甲基丙酸，反应1-2h，然后降温至50-60℃，加入8-10份二甘醇和10-15份丙酮的混合液，反应2-4h后脱除丙酮，最后冷却至室温，加入3-4份三乙胺，搅拌15-20min后加入80-90份水，剪切乳化20-30min，得到水性聚氨酯；
所述涤纶基布经过预处理，预处理具体过程如下：
第一步，将涤纶基布浸入碱处理液，升温至50-60℃，持续10-15min后取出，水洗、烘干备用；
第二步，将经过第一步处理的涤纶基布浸入胺处理液，升温至70-80℃， 持续20-30min后取出，水洗、烘干备用；
第三步，将经过第二步处理的涤纶基布浸入丙烯酸处理液，升温至50-60℃，持续2-3h，经轧压后于100-130℃下焙烘2-3min，最后水洗、烘干，所述丙烯酸处理液包括10-20g/L丙烯酸、6-8g/L双氧水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水棉衣，其特征在于：所述碱处理液包括15-20g/L氢氧化钠、6-8g/L双氧水、3-5g/LOP-10。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水棉衣，其特征在于：所述胺处理液包括20-25g/L乙醇胺、3-5g/L碳酸氢钠。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水棉衣，其特征在于：所述填料为纳米二氧化钛。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水棉衣，其特征在于：所述交联剂为氨基树脂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水棉衣，其特征在于：所述增稠剂为羧甲基纤维素。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种防水棉衣，其特征在于：所述消光粉为二氧化硅消光剂。
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