CN111872378B - Core-shell structure powder preparation device and method - Google Patents
Core-shell structure powder preparation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111872378B CN111872378B CN202011040574.3A CN202011040574A CN111872378B CN 111872378 B CN111872378 B CN 111872378B CN 202011040574 A CN202011040574 A CN 202011040574A CN 111872378 B CN111872378 B CN 111872378B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/17—Metallic particles coated with metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
Abstract
The invention relates to a core-shell structure powder preparation device. The core-shell structure powder preparation device comprises: the device comprises an atomizing chamber, a heat source, a powder feeding unit, a rotating unit, a feeding unit and a driving unit; the heat source comprises a heating part positioned in the atomizing chamber; the powder feeding unit is used for feeding the powder of the nuclear body into the atomizing chamber; the rotating unit is connected with one end, positioned outside the atomizing chamber, of the shell bar to drive the shell bar to rotate by taking the axis of the shell bar as a rotating shaft; the feeding unit is used for pushing the shell bar stock to the heat source along the axial direction; the driving unit comprises a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism is connected with the rotating unit; the second driving mechanism is connected with the feeding unit. On one hand, the invention can not cause environmental pollution, on the other hand, the produced core-shell structure powder has high sphericity and good fluidity, and the thickness of a shell layer covering a core body in the powder can be controlled to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, in particular to a device and a method for preparing core-shell structure powder.
Background
In recent years, as an important branch of new material science, composite materials have made great progress in the aspects of theoretical research and practical application and become the research focus of the field of new material science, wherein the application prospect of the particle reinforced composite material is very bright, and the particle reinforced composite material is coated by powder or coated by powderModifying the surface of the powder by a method such as modifying functional groups. Such as in Al2O3Or SiC or other typical ceramic powder, the surface of which is dispersed or coated with metal nanoparticles such as nickel, thereby promoting sintering, improving electrical conductivity, or imparting new functional properties to the carrier powder.
In the related technology, the surface coating of the powder is mainly realized by methods such as chemical plating, sol-gel and fluidized bed chemical vapor deposition, so that the core-shell structure powder is formed. Electroless plating reduces metal ions from a solution metal salt by a redox mechanism to form a plated layer, but this method is likely to cause environmental pollution. The sol-gel method is also a chemical process for uniformly mixing composite powder, mainly involving hydrolysis reaction and subsequent condensation reaction of molecular precursors in solution, and also brings about problems of environmental pollution and waste liquid treatment.
Accordingly, there is a need to ameliorate one or more of the problems with the related art solutions described above.
It is noted that this section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to an apparatus and a method for preparing core-shell powder, which overcome one or more of the problems due to the limitations and disadvantages of the related art, at least to some extent.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a core-shell structure powder preparation apparatus, including:
an atomization chamber;
the heat source comprises a heating part which is arranged in the atomizing chamber and is used for heating and melting one end of the shell bar material in the atomizing chamber to form a liquid film;
the powder feeding unit comprises a powder storage device and an annular powder feeder with an annular inner cavity, and is used for feeding core body powder into the atomizing chamber, and the core body powder falls down from an annular opening of the annular powder feeder to form an annular powder wall;
the rotating unit is connected with one end, located outside the atomizing chamber, of the shell bar and is used for driving the shell bar to rotate by taking the axis of the shell bar as a rotating shaft, so that the liquid film is thrown out under the action of centrifugal force to form a liquid line, the liquid line is contacted and adhered with the annular powder wall in the throwing-out process, and the core body powder is coated under the action of surface tension to form core-shell structure powder;
the feeding unit is used for pushing the shell bar stock to the heat source along the axial direction to realize loss compensation of the shell bar stock, so that the end face of the shell bar stock can be continuously melted by the heat source to form a liquid film;
the driving unit comprises a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism is connected with the rotating unit and used for driving the rotating unit to rotate; the second driving mechanism is connected with the feeding unit and used for driving the feeding mechanism to move linearly.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the powder collecting device further includes a powder collecting unit, the powder collecting unit includes at least two powder collecting tanks communicated with a lower portion of the atomizing chamber, and the powder collecting tanks are used for collecting the core-shell structure powder prepared and formed in the atomizing chamber.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:
the vacuumizing unit is used for vacuumizing the atomizing chamber;
and the inert gas supply unit is used for filling inert gas into the vacuumized atomization chamber.
In an embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the shell bar is 10-200 mm, and the diameter of the inner circle of the annular powder feeder is 50-200 mm larger than that of the shell bar.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the rotation speed of the rotating unit is 1000 to 100000 rpm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid line has a thickness of 5-100 um and a length of 50-2000 um.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the heat source is a plasma arc or an electric arc or an electron beam.
In an embodiment of the invention, the core body powder is spherical core body powder, the diameter of the spherical core body powder is selected according to the diameter requirement of the core-shell structure powder to be prepared, and the thickness of an annular inner cavity of the annular powder feeder is 2-10 times of the diameter of the spherical core body powder.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a core-shell structure powder, the method including:
one end of a shell bar is arranged on the rotating unit, the other end of the shell bar is positioned in the atomizing chamber, and the axis of the shell bar is positioned on the rotating center of the rotating unit;
starting a first driving mechanism to enable the first driving mechanism to drive the rotating unit to rotate, so that the shell bar stock arranged on the rotating unit rotates;
opening a heat source, heating the end face of the shell bar positioned in the atomizing chamber to melt the shell bar to form a liquid film, and throwing the liquid film out under the action of centrifugal force to form a liquid line;
starting a second driving mechanism to enable the second driving mechanism to drive the feeding unit to move linearly, so that the shell bar stock is pushed towards the heat source along the axial direction;
opening the powder feeding unit, conveying the spherical core powder in the powder storage device into the atomizing chamber through the annular powder feeder, and forming an annular powder wall;
the spherical core body powder is contacted with the liquid line in the falling process, and the liquid line coats the spherical core body powder under the action of surface tension to form core-shell structure powder.
In an embodiment of the present invention, before the first driving mechanism is turned on, the method further includes:
starting a vacuumizing unit to vacuumize the atomizing chamber, and closing the vacuumizing unit after the vacuum degree of the atomizing chamber meets the process requirement;
and starting an inert gas supply unit, and filling inert protective gas into the atomizing chamber until the atomizing chamber reaches a preset pressure.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can have the following beneficial effects:
in the embodiment of the invention, by the core-shell structure powder preparation device and the core-shell structure powder preparation method, on one hand, environmental pollution is avoided, on the other hand, the produced core-shell structure powder has high sphericity and good fluidity, and the thickness of a shell layer covering a core body in the powder can be controlled to a certain extent.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a core-shell structure powder preparation device in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a method for preparing core-shell structure powder in an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein: 100-an atomizing chamber, 101-a heat source, 102-a shell bar, 103-a powder storage device, 104-an annular powder feeder, 105-core body powder, 106-a rotating unit, 107-a feeding unit, 108-a powder collecting tank, 109-a vacuumizing unit, 110-an inert gas supply unit, 111-a heating part, 112-a high-temperature area, 113-an installation unit and 114-a powder feeding pipeline.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention firstly provides a core-shell structure powder preparation device. Referring to fig. 1, the core-shell structure powder preparation apparatus may include: an atomizing chamber 100, a heat source 101, a powder feeding unit, a rotating unit 106, a feeding unit 107, and a driving unit (not shown); the heat source 101 comprises a heating part 111, the heating part 111 is arranged inside the atomizing chamber 100 and is used for heating and melting one end of the shell bar 102 positioned inside the atomizing chamber 100 to form a liquid film; the powder feeding unit comprises a powder storage device 103 and an annular powder feeder 104 with an annular inner cavity, and is used for feeding core body powder 105 into the atomizing chamber 100, and the core body powder 105 falls from an annular opening of the annular powder feeder 104 to form an annular powder wall; the rotating unit 106 is connected with one end, located outside the atomizing chamber 100, of the shell bar 102, and the rotating unit 106 is used for driving the shell bar 102 to rotate by taking the axis of the shell bar 102 as a rotating shaft, so that the liquid film is thrown out under the action of centrifugal force to form a liquid line, the liquid line is contacted and adhered with the annular powder wall in the throwing process, and the core body powder 105 is coated under the action of surface tension to form core-shell structure powder; the feeding unit 107 is used for pushing the shell bar stock 102 to the heat source 101 along the axial direction, so that the loss compensation of the shell bar stock 102 is realized, and the end face of the shell bar stock 102 can be continuously melted by the heat source 101 to form a liquid film; the driving unit comprises a first driving mechanism (not shown) and a second driving mechanism (not shown), the first driving mechanism is connected with the rotating unit 106 for driving the rotating unit 106 to rotate; the second drive mechanism is connected to the feed unit 107 for driving the feed unit 107 to move linearly so that the end of the shell rod 102 remains in the high temperature region 112 below the heat source 101 during the wear process.
Specifically, the shell bar 102 is used as a material of a core-shell structure powder shell in a preparation process, the core body powder 105 is used as a material of a core-shell structure powder core in the preparation process, and the materials of the shell bar 102 and the core body powder 105 can be selected according to a specific core-shell powder material required to be prepared; the heat source 101 is used for melting one end of the shell bar 102 located inside the atomizing chamber 100 to form a liquid film, specifically, the shell bar 102 is partially installed inside the atomizing chamber 100 through an installation unit 113 in the middle of the bottom of the atomizing chamber 100, the installation unit 113 may be divided into a clamping portion and a sealing portion, the clamping portion is used for stabilizing the shell bar 102 so that the shell bar 102 is not prone to deflection when rotating, and the sealing portion is used for sealing the installation position of the shell bar 102 so that the atomizing chamber 100 maintains sealing performance; the powder feeding unit can also comprise a powder feeding pipeline 114 and a powder feeding pump (not shown), the core body powder 105 reaches the position of the annular powder feeder 104 from the powder storage device 103 through the powder feeding pipeline 114 under the action of the powder feeding pump, the annular powder feeder 104 is provided with an annular inner cavity and corresponds to an annular powder outlet with a downward opening, and the core body powder 105 uniformly falls under the pressure action of the powder feeding pump and the action of self gravity to form an annular powder wall; the rotating unit 106 is connected with the shell bar 102, the shell bar 102 can be driven to rotate axially after the rotating unit 106 is started, a liquid film of the melted shell bar 102 is thrown away under the action of centrifugal force to form a liquid line, the falling core body powder 105 falls on the liquid line and contacts with the liquid line, and the liquid line coats the core body powder 105 under the action of surface tension to form core-shell structure powder; the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism can be motors, and the second driving mechanism can drive the feeding mechanism to move linearly through a ball screw.
In this embodiment, by the above apparatus and method for preparing core-shell structure powder, on one hand, no environmental pollution is caused, and on the other hand, the produced core-shell structure powder has high sphericity and good fluidity, and the thickness of the shell layer covering the core body in the powder can be controlled to a certain extent.
Next, each part of the above core-shell structure powder production apparatus in the present exemplary embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to fig. 1.
In an embodiment, a powder collecting unit may further be included, where the powder collecting unit may include at least two powder collecting tanks 108 communicated with a lower portion of the atomizing chamber 100, and the powder collecting tanks 108 are configured to collect the core-shell structure powder prepared and formed in the atomizing chamber 100. Specifically, the powder collection tank 108 is located below the atomization chamber 100 and connected with the atomization chamber 100 and used for collecting prepared core-shell structure powder, an installation interface and a switch valve are sequentially arranged at a position where the powder collection tank 108 is connected with the atomization chamber 100, when the core-shell structure powder in the powder collection tank 108 reaches a certain amount, the valve is closed, the installation interface is detached from the powder collection tank 108, the core-shell structure powder in the powder collection tank 108 is moved away, the operation is convenient, and the time is saved.
In one embodiment, the method may further include: a vacuum pumping unit 109 for pumping vacuum to the atomizing chamber 100; an inert gas supply unit 110 for filling the vacuumized atomization chamber 100 with inert gas. Specifically, when the spherical core body powder 105 and/or the shell bar 102 are made of a high-activity material such as titanium, zirconium, etc., the atomization chamber 100 may be vacuumized by the vacuuming unit 109, and then the inert gas supply unit 110 is turned on to fill the inert gas into the atomization chamber 100 to ensure a high-purity environment in the production process, so that the high-activity material may be prevented from deteriorating to a certain extent, and the joints between the vacuuming unit 109, the inert gas supply unit 110 and the atomization chamber 100 are sequentially provided with an installation interface and a switch valve, which facilitates opening, closing and detaching.
In one embodiment, the diameter of the shell bar 102 may be 10-200 mm, and the inner diameter of the annular powder feeder 104 may be 50-200 mm larger than the diameter of the shell bar 102. Specifically, if the diameter of the annular powder feeder 104 is too small and too close to the outer circular surface of the end of the shell bar 102, the annular powder feeder 104 is easily too close to the high temperature region 112, and thus the service life of the annular powder feeder 104 is affected, and if the diameter of the annular powder feeder 104 is too large, the falling annular powder wall is easily too far from the shell bar 102, so that the liquid line of the spherical core body powder 105 is already cooled to a certain extent when contacting with the liquid line thrown out by the shell bar 102, and the spherical core body powder 105 is difficult to be well coated.
In one embodiment, the rotation speed of the rotating unit 106 may be 1000 to 100000 rpm. Specifically, the rotating unit 106 drives the shell rod 102 to rotate at the rotating speed, so that a more appropriate liquid line size can be formed.
In one embodiment, the liquid line thickness can be 5-100 um and the length is 50-2000 um. Specifically, the size of the liquid line is related to one or more of the power of the heat source 101, the diameter of the shell bar 102, or the rotational speed of the first drive unit.
In one embodiment, the heat source 101 may be a plasma arc or an electric arc or an electron beam, although not limited thereto.
In one embodiment, the core body powder 105 is a spherical core body powder, the diameter of the spherical core body powder is selected according to the diameter requirement of the core-shell structure powder to be prepared, and the thickness of the annular inner cavity of the annular powder feeder 104 can be 2-10 times of the diameter of the spherical core body powder. Specifically, the thickness of the annular inner cavity of the annular powder feeder 104 is too large, which easily causes too much falling spherical core powder, so that the coating rate of the spherical core powder coated by the liquid line is low; the annular inner cavity thickness of annular powder feeder 104 is undersized, then causes the spherical core body powder 105 of whereabouts too little easily for the cladding rate of liquid line cladding spherical core body powder 105 is lower, adopts spherical core body powder 105, and the powder sphericity of the core-shell structure of making is better, and the cladding nature is better.
The present exemplary embodiment provides a method for preparing a core-shell powder. Referring to fig. 2, the method for preparing the core-shell structure powder may include:
s101: mounting one end of a shell bar stock 102 on a rotating unit 106, and enabling the other end to be located in the atomizing chamber 100, wherein the axis of the shell bar stock 102 is located on the rotating center of the rotating unit 106;
s102: starting a first driving mechanism, so that the first driving mechanism drives the rotating unit 106 to rotate, and thus the shell bar stock 102 mounted on the rotating unit 106 rotates;
s103: opening a heat source 101, heating the end surface of the shell bar 102 positioned in the atomizing chamber 100, melting the end surface to form a liquid film, and throwing the liquid film out under the action of centrifugal force to form a liquid line;
s104: starting a second driving mechanism, so that the second driving mechanism drives the feeding unit 107 to move linearly, and the shell rod 102 is pushed towards the heat source 101 along the axial direction;
s105: opening the powder feeding unit, and conveying the spherical core body powder 105 in the powder storage device 103 into the atomizing chamber 100 through the annular powder feeder 104 to form an annular powder wall;
s106: the spherical core body powder 105 is in contact with the liquid line in the falling process, and the liquid line coats the spherical core body powder 105 under the action of surface tension to form core-shell structure powder.
In one embodiment, before the first driving mechanism is turned on, the method may further include:
starting a vacuumizing unit 109 to vacuumize the atomizing chamber 100, and closing the vacuumizing unit 109 after the vacuum degree of the atomizing chamber 100 meets the process requirement;
the inert gas supply unit 110 is turned on, and inert shielding gas is filled into the atomization chamber 100 until the atomization chamber 100 reaches a preset pressure.
Specifically, when the spherical core body material 105 and/or the shell bar 102 are made of a high-activity material such as titanium, zirconium, etc., the atomization chamber 100 may be evacuated by the evacuation unit 109, and then the inert gas supply unit 110 is turned on to fill the atomization chamber 100 with an inert gas, so as to ensure a high-purity environment in the production process, and to some extent, prevent the high-activity material from deteriorating.
The first embodiment is as follows:
processing metal Ni into a shell bar stock 102 with the diameter phi of 60mm, and then connecting the shell bar stock 102 with a rotating unit 106;
starting the vacuumizing unit 109 to vacuumize the atomizing chamber 100, and ensuring that the ultimate vacuum degree of the atomizing chamber 100 reaches 5 × 10-3Pa；
Starting the inert gas supply unit 110 to fill high-purity argon into the atomizing chamber 100 to reach a positive pressure of 0.04-0.1 Mpa, so that the high-purity argon meets the high-purity inert atmosphere environment of the atomizing powder-making forming process;
starting a first driving mechanism to drive a rotating unit 106 to rotate so as to drive the shell bar stock 102 to rotate at a rotating speed of 20000 r/min;
starting a heat source 101, applying high temperature to the end face of the shell bar 102 in the atomizing chamber 100, and melting the end face to form a liquid film; the liquid film is thrown out under the action of high-speed centrifugal force to form a liquid line, the thickness of the liquid line is 30-50 um, and the length of the liquid line is 500-800 um;
starting a second driving mechanism, so that the second driving mechanism drives the feeding unit 107 to move linearly, so that the shell bar 102 is pushed towards the heat source 101 along the axial direction, loss replenishment is performed, and the end face of the shell bar 102 is continuously located in a high-temperature area 112 formed by the heat source 101;
starting a powder feeding unit to convey spherical Al into the atomizing chamber2O3Ceramic powder of the spherical Al2O3The ceramic powder falls from the annular powder feeder 104 to form a powder wall, the spherical Al2O3The size of the ceramic powder is 50-100 um;
spherical Al2O3The ceramic powder falls and fully contacts with a liquid line thrown out by the shell bar 102, and the liquid line is along Al under the action of surface tension2O3The spherical shell of the ceramic powder flows to be completely and uniformly covered, and the thickness of the shell is 10-20 mu m;
the core-shell structure powder is completely cooled to a solid state in an inert atmosphere and finally flows into the powder collection tank 108.
The second embodiment is as follows:
processing the chromium metal into a shell bar stock 102 with the diameter phi of 30mm, and then connecting the shell bar stock 102 with a rotating unit 106;
starting the vacuumizing unit 109 to vacuumize the atomizing chamber 100, and ensuring that the ultimate vacuum degree of the atomizing chamber 100 reaches 5 × 10-3Pa；
Starting the inert gas supply unit 110 to fill high-purity argon into the atomizing chamber 100 to reach a positive pressure of 0.04-0.1 Mpa, so that the high-purity argon meets the high-purity inert atmosphere environment of the atomizing powder-making forming process;
starting a first driving mechanism to drive the rotating unit 106 to rotate so as to drive the shell bar stock 102 to rotate at the rotating speed of 50000 r/min;
starting a heat source 101, applying high temperature to the end face of the shell bar 102 in the atomizing chamber 100, and melting the end face to form a liquid film; the liquid film is thrown out under the action of high-speed centrifugal force to form a liquid line, the thickness of the liquid line is 20-30 um, and the length of the liquid line is 100-300 um;
starting a second driving mechanism, so that the second driving mechanism drives the feeding unit 107 to move linearly, so that the shell bar 102 is pushed towards the heat source 101 along the axial direction, loss replenishment is performed, and the end face of the shell bar 102 is continuously located in a high-temperature area 112 formed by the heat source 101;
starting a powder feeding unit to convey spherical aluminum alloy powder into the atomizing chamber 100, wherein the spherical aluminum alloy powder falls from the annular powder feeder 104 to form a powder wall, and the size of the spherical aluminum alloy powder is 20-30 um;
the spherical aluminum alloy powder fully contacts a liquid line thrown out by a shell bar 102 in the falling process, the liquid line flows along a spherical shell of the aluminum alloy powder under the action of surface tension until the liquid line is completely and uniformly covered, and the thickness of the shell is 5-10 mu m;
the core-shell structure powder is completely cooled to a solid state in an inert atmosphere and finally flows into the powder collection tank 108.
The third concrete embodiment:
processing metal silver into a shell bar stock 102 with the diameter phi of 50mm, and then connecting the shell bar stock 102 with a rotating unit 106;
starting the vacuumizing unit 109 to vacuumize the atomizing chamber 100, and ensuring that the ultimate vacuum degree of the atomizing chamber 100 reaches 2 × 10-2Pa；
Starting the inert gas supply unit 110 to fill high-purity argon into the atomizing chamber 100 to a positive pressure of 0.04-0.2 Mpa, so that the high-purity argon meets the high-purity inert atmosphere environment of the atomizing powder-making forming process;
starting a first driving mechanism to drive the rotating unit 106 to rotate so as to drive the shell bar stock 102 to rotate at a rotating speed of 30000 r/min;
starting a heat source 101, applying high temperature to the end face of the shell bar 102 in the atomizing chamber 100, and melting the end face to form a liquid film; the liquid film is thrown out under the action of high-speed centrifugal force to form a liquid line, the thickness of the liquid line is 30-40 um, and the length of the liquid line is 300-500 um;
starting a second driving mechanism, so that the second driving mechanism drives the feeding unit 107 to move linearly, so that the shell bar 102 is pushed towards the heat source 101 along the axial direction, loss replenishment is performed, and the end face of the shell bar 102 is continuously located in a high-temperature area 112 formed by the heat source 101;
starting a powder feeding unit to convey spherical aluminum alloy powder into the atomizing chamber 100, wherein the spherical aluminum alloy powder falls from the annular powder feeder 104 to form a powder wall, and the size of the spherical aluminum alloy powder is 40-60 um;
the falling process of the spherical aluminum alloy powder is fully contacted with a liquid line thrown out by the shell bar 102, the liquid line flows along a spherical shell of the aluminum alloy powder under the action of surface tension until the liquid line is completely and uniformly covered, and the thickness of the shell is 10-18 mu m;
the core-shell structure powder is completely cooled to a solid state in an inert atmosphere and finally flows into the powder collection tank 108.
By the core-shell structure powder preparation device and the core-shell structure powder preparation method, on one hand, environmental pollution cannot be caused, on the other hand, the produced core-shell structure powder is high in sphericity and good in flowability, and the thickness of a shell layer covering a core body in the powder can be controlled to a certain extent.
It is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like in the foregoing description are used for indicating or indicating the orientation or positional relationship illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing embodiments of the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise the first and second features being in direct contact, or the first and second features being in contact, not directly, but via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A core-shell structure powder preparation device is characterized by comprising:
an atomization chamber;
the heat source comprises a heating part which is arranged in the atomizing chamber and is used for heating and melting one end of the shell bar material in the atomizing chamber to form a liquid film;
the powder feeding unit comprises a powder storage device and an annular powder feeder with an annular inner cavity, and is used for feeding core body powder into the atomizing chamber, and the core body powder forms an annular powder wall when falling from an annular opening of the annular powder feeder;
the rotating unit is connected with one end, located outside the atomizing chamber, of the shell bar and is used for driving the shell bar to rotate by taking the axis of the shell bar as a rotating shaft, so that the liquid film is thrown out under the action of centrifugal force to form a liquid line, the liquid line is contacted and adhered with the annular powder wall in the throwing-out process, and the core body powder is coated under the action of surface tension to form core-shell structure powder;
the feeding unit is used for pushing the shell bar stock to the heat source along the axial direction to realize loss compensation of the shell bar stock, so that the end face of the shell bar stock can be continuously melted by the heat source to form a liquid film;
the driving unit comprises a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism is connected with the rotating unit and used for driving the rotating unit to rotate; the second driving mechanism is connected with the feeding unit and used for driving the feeding unit to move linearly.
2. The core-shell structure powder preparation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a powder collection unit, wherein the powder collection unit comprises at least two powder collection tanks communicated with a lower portion of the atomization chamber, and the powder collection tanks are configured to collect the core-shell structure powder prepared and formed in the atomization chamber.
3. The apparatus for preparing core-shell powder according to claim 1, further comprising:
the vacuumizing unit is used for vacuumizing the atomizing chamber;
and the inert gas supply unit is used for filling inert gas into the vacuumized atomization chamber.
4. The core-shell structure powder preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the shell bar is 10-200 mm, and the diameter of the inner circle of the annular powder feeder is 50-200 mm larger than that of the shell bar.
5. The core-shell structure powder preparation device according to claim 4, wherein the rotation speed of the rotation unit is 1000-100000 rpm.
6. The core-shell structure powder preparation device according to claim 5, wherein the liquid line has a thickness of 5 to 100um and a length of 50 to 2000 um.
7. The core-shell structure powder preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the heat source is a plasma arc, an electric arc or an electron beam.
8. The core-shell structure powder preparation device according to claim 1, wherein the core powder is a spherical core powder, the diameter of the spherical core powder is selected according to the diameter requirement of the core-shell structure powder to be prepared, and the thickness of an annular inner cavity of the annular powder feeder is 2-10 times of the diameter of the spherical core powder.
9. A method for preparing core-shell structure powder is characterized in that the device of any one of claims 1 to 8 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
one end of a shell bar is arranged on the rotating unit, the other end of the shell bar is positioned in the atomizing chamber, and the axis of the shell bar is positioned on the rotating center of the rotating unit;
starting a first driving mechanism to enable the first driving mechanism to drive the rotating unit to rotate, so that the shell bar stock arranged on the rotating unit rotates;
opening a heat source, heating the end face of the shell bar positioned in the atomizing chamber to melt the shell bar to form a liquid film, and throwing the liquid film out under the action of centrifugal force to form a liquid line;
starting a second driving mechanism to enable the second driving mechanism to drive the feeding unit to move linearly, so that the shell bar stock is pushed towards the heat source along the axial direction;
opening the powder feeding unit, conveying the spherical core powder in the powder storage device into the atomizing chamber through the annular powder feeder, and forming an annular powder wall;
the spherical core body powder is contacted with the liquid line in the falling process, and the liquid line coats the spherical core body powder under the action of surface tension to form core-shell structure powder.
10. The method for preparing core-shell structure powder according to claim 9, further comprising, before the first driving mechanism is turned on:
starting a vacuumizing unit to vacuumize the atomizing chamber, and closing the vacuumizing unit after the vacuum degree of the atomizing chamber meets the process requirement;
and starting an inert gas supply unit, and filling inert protective gas into the atomizing chamber until the atomizing chamber reaches a preset pressure.
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