CN111872075A - Environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage treatment method - Google Patents
Environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111872075A CN111872075A CN202010892123.6A CN202010892123A CN111872075A CN 111872075 A CN111872075 A CN 111872075A CN 202010892123 A CN202010892123 A CN 202010892123A CN 111872075 A CN111872075 A CN 111872075A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of resource recycling, in particular to an environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage treatment method, which comprises the following steps: conveying the bagged garbage after primary high-temperature shrinkage treatment to a draining tank for extrusion cutting bag breaking and screen vibration draining treatment, and then screening relatively heavy garbage and relatively light garbage after hammering and crushing treatment by a crushing device I; the relatively heavy garbage is hammered and crushed by a crushing device II, then ferromagnetic substances and non-ferromagnetic substances are screened out, and then the non-ferromagnetic substances are screened to obtain tough garbage, brittle garbage and rigid garbage; combining the relatively light garbage and the tough garbage, and separating the dry tough garbage and the wet tough garbage; incinerating the dry tough garbage; the wet tough garbage is used for preparing organic fermented fertilizer; the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage are used for firing into the building brick. The method realizes the harmless treatment of the garbage, does not cause pollution to the environment in the whole process, and realizes a sustainable circulation system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resource recycling, in particular to an environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage treatment method.
Background
In recent years, with the development of various large cities, the amount of domestic garbage generated by urban residents is increasing. The annual growth rate of garbage all over the world is 8.42 percent, and the growth rate of Chinese garbage reaches more than 10 percent. Around 5 million tons of garbage are produced worldwide each year, with china producing nearly 1.5 million tons of municipal garbage each year. Many cities in the world face the embarrassing situation of a refuse mall.
Municipal waste can generally be divided into four categories: can recover garbage, kitchen garbage, harmful garbage and other garbage. The traditional municipal refuse treatment methods comprise three methods of landfill, composting and incineration, wherein the two methods of landfill and composting occupy larger fields and cause environmental pollution. The landfill method is to transport the garbage to a landfill site for landfill. Although the method is simpler, the transportation cost is higher, and the occupied space is more; moreover, the landfill garbage must be strictly treated to prevent explosion and combustion and prevent the pollution of the garbage sewage to underground water sources. The composting method is that the garbage is screened properly, the building garbage mixed in the garbage, such as stone, brick and other sundries, is buried, the organic matters in the household garbage are piled up and naturally fermented, and corresponding components are added according to the requirement to make the household garbage become organic fertilizer for crops to utilize, so that the waste is utilized. Because the whole process is natural fermentation, the effect is greatly influenced by the outside such as weather, temperature and the like, the fermentation degree is difficult to control, more fields are occupied, and the fermentation fields are easy to become the breeding fields of mosquitoes, flies and rats. The simple burning method uses domestic garbage as fuel and adopts discontinuous feeding and periodic slag discharge. The method has long incineration period, no waste heat utilization, no corresponding flue gas deacidification and dust removal environmental protection process, and easy environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage treatment method, which realizes harmless treatment of garbage, does not cause pollution to the environment in the whole process, realizes a sustainable circulation system and accords with the domestic urban garbage treatment method.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided an environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage disposal method comprising the steps of:
firstly, performing primary high-temperature shrinkage treatment on bagged garbage by high-temperature treatment equipment, then conveying the bagged garbage subjected to the high-temperature shrinkage treatment to a screen mesh in a draining tank for extrusion, cutting and breaking the bags, and vibrating the draining treatment for at least 30 minutes by the screen mesh after breaking the bags;
secondly, hammering and crushing the garbage subjected to vibration draining treatment by a crushing device I until the volume of the garbage is no more than 40cm3Conveying the hammered garbage to a screening component I to screen out relatively heavy garbage and relatively light garbage;
step three, the relative weight is comparedThe garbage is hammered and crushed by the hammering component crushing device II until the volume of the garbage is no more than 20cm3Screening the blocky garbage by magnetic separation equipment to obtain ferromagnetic substances and non-ferromagnetic substances, and screening the non-ferromagnetic substances to obtain tough garbage, brittle garbage and rigid garbage;
combining the relatively light garbage and the tough garbage, and then performing low-temperature blowing and screening treatment on the combined light garbage and tough garbage through a screening component II to separate out dry tough garbage and wet tough garbage;
fifthly, feeding the dry tough garbage into an incinerator for incineration treatment, collecting incinerator flue gas, feeding the collected incinerator flue gas into the high-temperature treatment equipment in the first step, collecting the flue gas discharged from the high-temperature treatment equipment, and then pressurizing and blowing the flue gas into a screening component II for low-temperature blowing and screening treatment;
step six, manually picking up residual artificial garbage in the wet tough garbage, sterilizing at high temperature, disinfecting, crushing, and then preparing the organic fermented fertilizer; and
step seven, sterilizing and disinfecting the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage at high temperature, respectively crushing the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage, mixing the crushed rigid garbage and brittle garbage with the ash obtained by incineration in the step five and the additive for buildings in proportion, compressing and burning the mixture to prepare the building brick;
the screen also comprises a screen I and a screen II which are distributed up and down, wherein the mesh diameter of the screen I is larger than that of the screen II, and the mesh diameter of the screen II is less than or equal to 8 mm; the draining tank also comprises a water outlet which is arranged at the bottom of the draining tank;
the crushing device I comprises a crushing bin which is an obliquely arranged cylindrical bin body, and the diameter of the cross section of the crushing bin is gradually reduced from the upper end to the lower end; the crushing assembly comprises a rotary shaft which is rotatably arranged on the central line of the crushing bin; the tail ends of the hammer handles of the plurality of breaking hammers are pivoted on the rotating shaft, the hammer ends of the plurality of breaking hammers are freely arranged vertically, the diameter of the cross section of the breaking bin is gradually reduced, and the lengths of the hammer handles of the plurality of breaking hammer pieces are correspondingly shortened; the opening at the lower end of the temporary garbage storage bin is arranged over against the opening at the upper end of the crushing bin; the lower end of the garbage conveying belt is communicated to the bottom of the crushing bin, and the upper end of the garbage conveying belt extends to the feeding hole in the upper end of the temporary garbage storage bin; the infrared scanner is arranged on the garbage conveying belt, and the scanning range of the scanning end of the infrared scanner covers the garbage conveying belt; the screening component I also comprises a layering groove and a separation groove which are arranged in an end-to-end connection mode, and a plurality of separation grooves in a wavy line shape are longitudinally arranged along the bottom of the separation groove; the pair of driving side walls extend along the length direction of the layering groove and the separating groove and are arranged at two sides of the layering groove and the separating groove, the lower end edges of the pair of driving side walls are connected with the edges at two sides of the layering groove, and the rest edges of the pair of driving side walls and the edges at two sides of the separating groove are arranged at a certain distance so as to form a pair of long wavy line-shaped leaking openings between the rest edges of the pair of driving side walls and the edges at two sides of the separating groove; the opening of the collecting tank faces upwards and is arranged below the separating tank, the width of the collecting tank is more than 2 times of the width of the separating tank, and the height of the side wall of the collecting tank is higher than that of the pair of long-wave-shaped leaking outlets; the diameter of the cross section of the crushing bin of the crushing device II is smaller than that of the cross section of the crushing bin of the crushing device I;
the screening component II also comprises an S-shaped separation pipe; the garbage inlet is arranged on the side wall of the middle part of the S-shaped separation pipe; and the high-pressure gas blowing inlet is arranged below the garbage inlet and is close to the garbage inlet.
Preferably, in the first step, the bagged garbage is stirred at the temperature of 115 ℃ and 125 ℃ for no more than 15 min;
the high-temperature treatment equipment also comprises a roller which is rotatably arranged; a feed inlet and an air inlet which are arranged at one end of the roller; a discharge port and an air outlet which are arranged at the other end of the roller.
Preferably, the mesh opening of the screen I is less than or equal to 15 cm.
Preferably, the draining tank further comprises:
the garbage outlet I and the garbage outlet II are respectively arranged on the side wall of the draining tank, and the lower edges of the garbage outlet I and the garbage outlet II are respectively abutted against the first side edge of the screen I and the first side edge of the screen II;
the first side border that screen cloth I used screen cloth I is the rotatable setting of axle, and screen cloth II uses the first side border of screen cloth II as the rotatable setting of axle, and the rotation angle of screen cloth I and screen cloth II for the cross section in waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall pond is greater than 40 degrees.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the crushing bin is less than 35 degrees, and an internal thread is further arranged on the inner side wall of the crushing bin.
Preferably, the maximum width of any one long wave shaped outlet of the pair of long wave shaped outlets is less than 1/2 of the thickness of the garbage on the screen assembly I.
Preferably, in the third step, the heavy garbage is hammered and crushed by the hammering assembly crushing device II, so that the fragile garbage in the heavy garbage is crushed into particles with the particle size of less than 5 cm; then, sieving the heavy garbage to separate out fragile garbage;
and rolling the heavy garbage without the brittle garbage by a roller with hooks uniformly distributed on the surface to separate the tough garbage, wherein the length of the hooks is less than 1/10 of the diameter of the cross section of the roller.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the gas blown out from the screening assembly II is collected, subjected to dioxin removal and deodorization treatment, and then discharged into the atmosphere.
Preferably, a plurality of rubbish guiding gutters, it is sunken shaping side by side on screen cloth I, and a plurality of rubbish guiding gutters are the arc transition shrink setting from the second side border of screen cloth I to the first side border of screen cloth I, and wherein, the second side border corresponds the setting with first side border.
Preferably, in the seventh step, the ratio of the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage to the ash obtained by incineration in the fifth step is 2:1:1-4:1:1, the total addition amount of the rigid garbage, the brittle garbage and the ash in the building brick is less than or equal to 20%, and the additive for building is cement, concrete, clay or fiber.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the bagged garbage is subjected to high-temperature treatment, so that on one hand, the garbage can be subjected to primary sterilization and disinfection treatment, and on the other hand, the garbage can be subjected to decrement compatibility through the shrinkage deformation of the garbage bag, and the garbage can be conveniently loaded into a draining tank; furthermore, the compact garbage bag can facilitate further extrusion, cutting and bag breaking treatment, so that sewage in the garbage bag can be quickly drained; the drained sewage enters a sewage treatment tank for sedimentation treatment; in the vibration draining process, small granular residues of kitchen garbage can be removed; the screen I is used for filtering kitchen garbage and the like flowing along with sewage, and the screen II is used for intercepting the kitchen garbage and filtering the sewage;
the relatively heavy garbage is concentrated on the lower layer and the relatively light garbage is concentrated on the upper layer through the vibration treatment of the layering groove of the screening component I, then when the relatively heavy garbage passes through the separation groove, the relatively heavy garbage on the lower layer is leaked from the long-wave linear leaking outlets and falls into the collecting groove through a left-right shaking vibration method, the simple and quick sorting is realized, the width of the long-wave linear leaking outlets is gradually reduced, and the relatively light garbage with the relatively heavy garbage removed is prevented from falling from the long-wave linear leaking outlets;
the waste such as iron and button batteries are removed by magnetic separation equipment and recycled; then sieving the non-magnetic objects, wherein in the hammering and crushing process, fragile and brittle garbage can be hammered into irregular particles, such as glass, deteriorated leather, hard plastic and the like, and the fragile garbage can be separated out through sieving; the tough garbage is generally artificial fabric, garden waste and the like, and is generally only deformed to a certain extent in the hammering process due to high toughness, so that the tough garbage cannot be broken into particles, and can be manually picked and separated after being vibrated to the upper layer of the garbage by a vibrating screen; and rigid waste, such as: materials such as aluminum, alloy, building stones, bricks and the like have certain brittleness relative to tough garbage, but are generally not easy to be broken into smaller particles, but the specific gravity of the materials is generally higher than that of the tough garbage, so that after the materials are vibrated by a vibrating screen, the tough garbage is generally distributed on the upper layer, the rigid garbage is generally distributed on the lower layer, and the rigid garbage is remained after the tough garbage is manually picked and separated;
the high-pressure gas blowing inlet is arranged below the garbage inlet, light garbage such as paper sheets, plastics or foaming materials and the like can fly out of the upper part of the S-shaped separation pipe under the blowing of the high-pressure gas, and relatively heavy waste fabrics, garden wastes and the like fall into the collecting tank connected with the lower end of the S-shaped separation pipe under the action of gravity;
the wet tough garbage obtained after sorting is generally organic matters such as large kitchen garbage, garden waste and the like, so that the wet tough garbage is recycled and used for organic fermented fertilizer, and the waste of organic resources is avoided; the sorted artificial garbage can be sent into an incinerator along with dry and tough garbage for incineration treatment;
rigid garbage and brittle garbage are crushed together to be made into building bricks which are completely consumed without garbage residue.
In conclusion, in the harmless treatment system for the municipal solid waste, the whole process of waste treatment is pollution-free and discharges; the garbage treatment cycle is short, the system structure is reasonable, the garbage classification treatment effect is good, the garbage recycling is facilitated, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the garbage classification treatment system is suitable for wide popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an environmental and energy efficient garbage disposal method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a draining pond and a screen according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a crushing device i and a crushing device ii according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of screen assembly I according to one embodiment of the present invention;
figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of screen assembly ii according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a draining pond and a screen according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic top view of a screen i according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, an environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage disposal method comprises the following steps:
firstly, performing primary high-temperature shrinkage treatment on bagged garbage by high-temperature treatment equipment, then conveying the bagged garbage subjected to the high-temperature shrinkage treatment to a screen mesh in a draining tank 10 for extrusion, cutting and breaking the bags, and vibrating the draining treatment for at least 30 minutes by the screen mesh after breaking the bags;
secondly, hammering and crushing the garbage subjected to vibration draining treatment by a crushing device I until the volume of the garbage is no more than 40cm3Conveying the hammered garbage to a screening component I to screen out relatively heavy garbage and relatively light garbage;
thirdly, hammering and crushing the heavy garbage by a crushing device II until the volume of the garbage is no more than 20cm3Screening the blocky garbage by magnetic separation equipment to obtain ferromagnetic substances and non-ferromagnetic substances, and screening the non-ferromagnetic substances to obtain tough garbage, brittle garbage and rigid garbage; hammering and crushing the garbage to crush large garbage into small garbage, and hammering fragile garbage into particle garbage so as to further screen the garbage according to the size;
combining the relatively light garbage and the tough garbage, and then performing low-temperature blowing and screening treatment on the combined light garbage and tough garbage through a screening component II to separate out dry tough garbage and wet tough garbage;
fifthly, feeding the dry tough garbage into an incinerator for incineration treatment, collecting incinerator flue gas, feeding the collected incinerator flue gas into the high-temperature treatment equipment in the first step, collecting the flue gas discharged from the high-temperature treatment equipment, and then pressurizing and blowing the flue gas into a screening component II for low-temperature blowing and screening treatment; the heat energy obtained by burning the dry and tough garbage is fully utilized to carry out sterilization, disinfection and bag shrinkage treatment on the bagged garbage; furthermore, the recovered flue gas is used for secondary screening treatment of the relatively light garbage and the tough garbage in the screening component II, so that waste of heat energy is avoided;
step six, manually picking up residual artificial garbage in the wet tough garbage, sterilizing at high temperature, disinfecting, crushing, and then preparing the organic fermented fertilizer; the wet tough garbage obtained after sorting is generally organic matters such as large kitchen garbage, garden waste and the like, so that the wet tough garbage is recycled and used for organic fermented fertilizer, and the waste of organic resources is avoided; the sorted artificial garbage can be sent into an incinerator along with dry and tough garbage for incineration treatment; and
step seven, sterilizing and disinfecting the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage at high temperature, respectively crushing the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage, mixing the crushed rigid garbage and brittle garbage with the ash obtained by incineration in the step five and the additive for buildings in proportion, compressing and burning the mixture to prepare the building brick;
as shown in fig. 2, the screen also comprises a screen I101 and a screen II 102 which are distributed up and down, wherein the mesh diameter of the screen I is larger than that of the screen II, and the mesh diameter of the screen II is less than or equal to 8 mm; the draining tank also comprises a water outlet 103 which is arranged at the bottom of the draining tank;
in the first step, the bagged garbage is subjected to high-temperature treatment, so that on one hand, the garbage can be subjected to primary sterilization and disinfection treatment, and on the other hand, the garbage can be subjected to decrement compatibility through the shrinkage deformation of the garbage bag, and the garbage can be conveniently loaded into a draining tank; furthermore, the compact garbage bag can facilitate further extrusion, cutting and bag breaking treatment, so that sewage in the garbage bag can be quickly drained; the drained sewage enters a sewage treatment tank for sedimentation treatment; in the vibration draining process, small granular residues of kitchen garbage can be removed; the screen I is used for filtering kitchen garbage and the like flowing along with sewage, and the screen II is used for intercepting the kitchen garbage and filtering the sewage;
as shown in fig. 3, the crushing device i 60 comprises a crushing bin 601 which is an obliquely arranged cylindrical bin body, and the diameter of the cross section of the crushing bin is gradually reduced from the upper end to the lower end; a crushing assembly 602 comprising a rotating shaft 6021 rotatably disposed on the crushing bin centerline; the tail ends of the hammer handles of the plurality of breaking hammers 6022 are pivoted on the rotating shaft, the hammer ends of the plurality of breaking hammers freely hang down and gradually decrease along with the diameter of the cross section of the breaking bin, and the length of the hammer handles of the plurality of breaking hammers is correspondingly shortened; a temporary garbage storage bin 603, the lower end of which is provided with a first feed opening and a second feed opening which can be opened and closed, and the first feed opening is arranged opposite to the upper end opening of the crushing bin; the second feed opening is arranged right opposite to the feed opening of the screening component I; the lower end of the garbage conveying belt 604 is communicated to the bottom of the crushing bin, and the upper end of the garbage conveying belt extends to the feeding hole at the upper end of the garbage temporary storage bin; an infrared scanner 605 disposed on the waste conveyor belt, wherein a scanning range of a scanning end of the infrared scanner covers the waste conveyor belt; the garbage needing to be hammered and crushed is discharged to the crushing bin through a first discharging opening of the temporary garbage storage bin, the obliquely arranged crushing bin can enable the garbage to move downwards under the action of gravity, a plurality of crushing hammers continuously hammer the passing garbage under the driving of a rotating shaft, so that large garbage is hammered into small garbage gradually, the large garbage can be scanned into small garbage when passing through an infrared scanner, the size of the garbage can be scanned if the garbage does not reach the standard, the hammering and crushing treatment is continuously and circularly performed, if the garbage reaches the standard after one cycle, the first discharging opening is closed, and meanwhile, a second discharging opening is opened, the garbage can be discharged to the screening assembly I from the temporary garbage storage bin;
as shown in FIG. 4, screen assembly I20 further comprises a layering groove 201 and a separation groove 202 which are arranged end to end, and a plurality of separation grooves in the shape of wavy lines are longitudinally arranged along the bottom of the separation grooves; a pair of driving side walls 203 extending along the length direction of the layering slot and the separating slot and disposed at both sides of the layering slot and the separating slot, and the lower end edges of the pair of driving side walls are connected with both side edges of the layering slot, and the remaining part edges of the pair of driving side walls are disposed at a certain distance from both side edges of the separating slot, so as to form a pair of long wave line-shaped leakage outlets 204 between the remaining part edges of the pair of driving side walls and both side edges of the separating slot, and the width of the pair of long wave line-shaped leakage outlets is gradually reduced; the opening of the collecting tank 205 is upward and arranged below the separating tank, the width of the collecting tank is more than 2 times of the width of the separating tank, and the height of the side wall of the collecting tank is higher than that of the pair of long-wave linear leakage outlets; the diameter of the cross section of the crushing bin of the crushing device II is smaller than that of the cross section of the crushing bin of the crushing device I;
in the second step, firstly, the relatively heavy garbage is concentrated on the lower layer and the relatively light garbage is concentrated on the upper layer through the vibration treatment of the layering groove of the screening component I, then when the relatively heavy garbage passes through the separation groove, the relatively heavy garbage on the lower layer leaks out of the pair of long-wave linear leakage outlets and falls into the collection groove through a left-right shaking vibration method, the simple and quick sorting is realized, and the widths of the pair of long-wave linear leakage outlets are gradually reduced so as to avoid the relatively light garbage without the relatively heavy garbage from falling out of the pair of long-wave linear leakage outlets; the waste such as iron and button batteries are removed by magnetic separation equipment and recycled; then sieving the non-magnetic objects, wherein in the hammering and crushing process, fragile and brittle garbage can be hammered into irregular particles, such as glass, deteriorated leather, hard plastic and the like, and the fragile garbage can be separated out through sieving; the tough garbage is generally artificial fabric, garden waste and the like, and is generally only deformed to a certain extent in the hammering process due to high toughness, so that the tough garbage cannot be broken into particles, and can be manually picked and separated after being vibrated to the upper layer of the garbage by a vibrating screen; and rigid waste, such as: materials such as aluminum, alloy, building stones, bricks and the like have certain brittleness relative to tough garbage, but are generally not easy to be broken into smaller particles, but the specific gravity of the materials is generally higher than that of the tough garbage, so that after the materials are vibrated by a vibrating screen, the tough garbage is generally distributed on the upper layer, the rigid garbage is generally distributed on the lower layer, and the rigid garbage is remained after the tough garbage is manually picked and separated;
as shown in FIG. 5, screen assembly II also includes an "S" shaped separator tube 30; a garbage inlet 301 opened on a side wall of a middle portion of the "S" shaped separation pipe; a high-pressure gas blowing inlet 302 which is arranged below the garbage inlet and is arranged close to the garbage inlet; the high-pressure gas blowing inlet is arranged below the garbage inlet, light garbage such as paper sheets, plastics or foaming materials and the like can fly out of the upper part of the S-shaped separation pipe under the blowing of the high-pressure gas, and relatively heavy waste fabrics, garden wastes and the like fall into the collecting tank 40 connected with the lower end of the S-shaped separation pipe under the action of gravity;
and seventhly, crushing the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage together to manufacture the building brick, and completely consuming the building brick.
In conclusion, in the harmless treatment system for the municipal solid waste, the whole process of waste treatment is pollution-free and discharges; the garbage treatment cycle is short, the system structure is reasonable, the garbage classification treatment effect is good, the garbage recycling is facilitated, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the garbage classification treatment system is suitable for wide popularization and application.
In a preferable scheme, in the first step, the bagged garbage is stirred at the temperature of 115 ℃ and 125 ℃ for no more than 15 min;
the high-temperature treatment equipment also comprises a roller which is rotatably arranged; a feed inlet and an air inlet which are arranged at one end of the roller; a discharge port and an air outlet which are arranged at the other end of the roller. Can carry out preliminary sterilization and disinfection treatment on the garbage.
In a preferred scheme, the mesh opening diameter of the screen I is less than or equal to 15 cm. For example, the aperture of the sieve pore is 10cm, 8cm, 6cm, 4cm, 3cm, 1cm, 0.5cm, etc.
In a preferred embodiment, the draining tank further comprises:
as shown in fig. 5, a garbage outlet i 104 and a garbage outlet ii 105 are respectively arranged on the side wall of the draining tank, and the lower edges of the garbage outlet i and the garbage outlet ii respectively abut against the first side edge of the screen i and the first side edge of the screen ii;
the first side border that screen cloth I used screen cloth I is the rotatable setting of axle, and screen cloth II uses the first side border of screen cloth II as the rotatable setting of axle, and the rotation angle of screen cloth I and screen cloth II for the cross section in waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall pond is greater than 40 degrees. Can set up the hydraulic stem and lift up screen cloth I and screen cloth II, also can set up the lifting hook and lift up the offside border at the first side border of screen cloth I and screen cloth II. Treat vibrations waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall and handle the back, can rotate screen cloth I and screen cloth II for the waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall pond to make rubbish above that drop out the waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall pond respectively from rubbish export I and rubbish export II, simple structure, convenient and practical.
In a preferred scheme, the inclination angle of the crushing bin is less than 35 degrees, and an internal thread is further arranged on the inner side wall of the crushing bin.
In a preferred scheme, the width of any one long wave-shaped linear leakage outlet of the pair of long wave-shaped linear leakage outlets is smaller than 1/2 of the thickness of garbage on the screening assembly I.
In a preferable scheme, in the third step, the heavy garbage is hammered and crushed by a hammering component crushing device II, so that the fragile garbage in the heavy garbage is crushed into particles with the particle size of less than 5 cm; then, sieving the heavy garbage to separate out fragile garbage;
and rolling the heavy garbage without the brittle garbage by a roller with hooks uniformly distributed on the surface to separate the tough garbage, wherein the length of the hooks is less than 1/10 of the diameter of the cross section of the roller. In the rolling process of the roller, tough garbage, such as plastic films, artificial fabrics and the like, can be hung on the hooks, and then most of the tough garbage is removed.
In a preferable scheme, in the fifth step, the gas blown out from the screening assembly II is collected, subjected to dioxin removal and deodorization treatment and then discharged into the atmosphere.
As shown in fig. 6, in a preferred embodiment, the method further includes: the garbage leading-out barrel 50 is of an inverted funnel-shaped structure, the lower end of the garbage leading-out barrel is connected and arranged on the upper end of the S-shaped separation pipe, and the maximum diameter of the lower end of the garbage leading-out barrel is smaller than the diameter of the cross section of the spiral separation pipe. The lower extreme diameter that a rubbish was derived section of thick bamboo is less than the cross section diameter of spiral separator tube, and arc transitional coupling is passed through in the department of linking between the two, flies to the here time as light rubbish, can take place certain collision, and in relatively heavier part rubbish still can drop to "S" shape separator tube, further effectual separates out light rubbish.
As shown in fig. 7, in a preferred embodiment, a plurality of garbage chutes 1041 are formed on the screen i in a recessed manner side by side, and the garbage chutes are arranged in an arc-shaped transition and shrinkage manner from a second side edge of the screen i to a first side edge of the screen i, wherein the second side edge is arranged corresponding to the first side edge.
In a preferable scheme, in the seventh step, the ratio of the rigid garbage, the brittle garbage and the ash obtained by incineration in the fifth step is 2:1:1-4:1:1, the total addition amount of the rigid garbage, the brittle garbage and the ash in the building brick is less than or equal to 20%, and the additive for building is cement, concrete, clay or fiber. The mixing amount of the incineration ash, the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage in the building brick is controlled while the incineration ash, the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage are recycled, so that the quality of the building brick is ensured.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. An environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage disposal method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, performing primary high-temperature shrinkage treatment on bagged garbage by high-temperature treatment equipment, then conveying the bagged garbage subjected to the high-temperature shrinkage treatment to a screen mesh in a draining tank for extrusion, cutting and breaking the bags, and vibrating the draining treatment for at least 30 minutes by the screen mesh after breaking the bags;
secondly, hammering and crushing the garbage subjected to vibration draining treatment by a crushing device I until the volume of the garbage is no more than 40cm3Conveying the hammered garbage to a screening component I to screen out relatively heavy garbage and relatively light garbage;
thirdly, hammering and crushing the heavy garbage by a hammering component crushing device II until the volume of the garbage is no more than 20cm3Screening the blocky garbage by magnetic separation equipment to obtain ferromagnetic substances and non-ferromagnetic substances, and screening the non-ferromagnetic substances to obtain tough garbage, brittle garbage and rigid garbage;
combining the relatively light garbage and the tough garbage, and then performing low-temperature blowing and screening treatment on the combined light garbage and tough garbage through a screening component II to separate out dry tough garbage and wet tough garbage;
fifthly, feeding the dry tough garbage into an incinerator for incineration treatment, collecting incinerator flue gas, feeding the collected incinerator flue gas into the high-temperature treatment equipment in the first step, collecting the flue gas discharged from the high-temperature treatment equipment, and then pressurizing and blowing the flue gas into a screening component II for low-temperature blowing and screening treatment;
step six, manually picking up residual artificial garbage in the wet tough garbage, sterilizing at high temperature, disinfecting, crushing, and then preparing the organic fermented fertilizer; and
step seven, sterilizing and disinfecting the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage at high temperature, respectively crushing the rigid garbage and the brittle garbage, mixing the crushed rigid garbage and brittle garbage with the ash obtained by incineration in the step five and the additive for buildings in proportion, compressing and burning the mixture to prepare the building brick;
the screen also comprises a screen I and a screen II which are distributed up and down, wherein the mesh diameter of the screen I is larger than that of the screen II, and the mesh diameter of the screen II is less than or equal to 8 mm; the draining tank also comprises a water outlet which is arranged at the bottom of the draining tank;
the crushing device I comprises a crushing bin which is an obliquely arranged cylindrical bin body, and the diameter of the cross section of the crushing bin is gradually reduced from the upper end to the lower end; the crushing assembly comprises a rotary shaft which is rotatably arranged on the central line of the crushing bin; the tail ends of the hammer handles of the plurality of breaking hammers are pivoted on the rotating shaft, the hammer ends of the plurality of breaking hammers are freely arranged vertically, the diameter of the cross section of the breaking bin is gradually reduced, and the lengths of the hammer handles of the plurality of breaking hammer pieces are correspondingly shortened; the opening at the lower end of the temporary garbage storage bin is arranged over against the opening at the upper end of the crushing bin; the lower end of the garbage conveying belt is communicated to the bottom of the crushing bin, and the upper end of the garbage conveying belt extends to the feeding hole in the upper end of the temporary garbage storage bin; the infrared scanner is arranged on the garbage conveying belt, and the scanning range of the scanning end of the infrared scanner covers the garbage conveying belt; the screening component I also comprises a layering groove and a separation groove which are arranged in an end-to-end connection mode, and a plurality of separation grooves in a wavy line shape are longitudinally arranged along the bottom of the separation groove; the pair of driving side walls extend along the length direction of the layering groove and the separating groove and are arranged at two sides of the layering groove and the separating groove, the lower end edges of the pair of driving side walls are connected with the edges at two sides of the layering groove, and the rest edges of the pair of driving side walls and the edges at two sides of the separating groove are arranged at a certain distance so as to form a pair of long wavy line-shaped leaking openings between the rest edges of the pair of driving side walls and the edges at two sides of the separating groove; the opening of the collecting tank faces upwards and is arranged below the separating tank, the width of the collecting tank is more than 2 times of the width of the separating tank, and the height of the side wall of the collecting tank is higher than that of the pair of long-wave-shaped leaking outlets; the diameter of the cross section of the crushing bin of the crushing device II is smaller than that of the cross section of the crushing bin of the crushing device I;
the screening component II also comprises an S-shaped separation pipe; the garbage inlet is arranged on the side wall of the middle part of the S-shaped separation pipe; and the high-pressure gas blowing inlet is arranged below the garbage inlet and is close to the garbage inlet.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step one, the bagged garbage is stirred at 115-125 ℃ for no more than 15 min;
the high-temperature treatment equipment also comprises a roller which is rotatably arranged; a feed inlet and an air inlet which are arranged at one end of the roller; a discharge port and an air outlet which are arranged at the other end of the roller.
3. The environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein the mesh opening size of the screen mesh I is not more than 15 cm.
4. The environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein the draining tank further comprises:
the garbage outlet I and the garbage outlet II are respectively arranged on the side wall of the draining tank, and the lower edges of the garbage outlet I and the garbage outlet II are respectively abutted against the first side edge of the screen I and the first side edge of the screen II;
the first side border that screen cloth I used screen cloth I is the rotatable setting of axle, and screen cloth II uses the first side border of screen cloth II as the rotatable setting of axle, and the rotation angle of screen cloth I and screen cloth II for the cross section in waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall pond is greater than 40 degrees.
5. The environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle of the crushing bin is less than 35 degrees, and the inner side wall of the crushing bin is further provided with internal threads.
6. The environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein the maximum width of any one of the long wavy linear discharging openings in the pair of long wavy linear discharging openings is less than 1/2 of the thickness of the garbage on the screen assembly I.
7. The environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the heavy garbage is hammered and crushed by the hammering assembly crushing device II, so that the fragile garbage therein is crushed into particles with the particle size of less than 5 cm; then, sieving the heavy garbage to separate out fragile garbage;
and rolling the heavy garbage without the brittle garbage by a roller with hooks uniformly distributed on the surface to separate the tough garbage, wherein the length of the hooks is less than 1/10 of the diameter of the cross section of the roller.
8. The environmental protection and energy saving garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the gas blown out from the screen assembly II is collected for dioxin removal and deodorization treatment and then is discharged into the atmosphere.
9. The environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage disposal method according to claim 4, further comprising:
a plurality of rubbish guiding gutters, it is sunken shaping side by side on screen cloth I, and a plurality of rubbish guiding gutters are the arc transition shrink setting from the second side border of screen cloth I to the first side border of screen cloth I, and wherein, the second side border corresponds the setting with first side border.
10. The environment-friendly and energy-saving garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein in the seventh step, the ratio of the rigid garbage, the brittle garbage and the ash obtained by incineration in the fifth step is 2:1:1-4:1:1, the total addition amount of the rigid garbage, the brittle garbage and the ash in the building brick is not more than 20%, and the building additive is cement, concrete, clay or fiber.
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