JP2002301400A - Refuse disposal system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refuse disposal system in which refuse left at a lower part is eliminated and the exhalation of a malodor is prevented by directly sending fed refuse bags by a receiving conveyor and immediately disposing of them, the burdens on the receiving conveyor is lightened by reducing an opening part, and reduction of facilities costs, facilitation of construction and effective utilization of ground inside facilities are actualized by constituting a pit in a small size. SOLUTION: This refuse disposal system for kitchen refuse, or the like, is constituted of a refuse line composed of a bunker 1 to which the refuse bags are fed, a conveyor 2 for carrying the refuse bags placed inside the bunker, a refuse bag breaking machine 3, a magnetic separator 4, a refuse dryer 6, separator 7, shredders 8 and 9 and an incinerator 11. The bunker is formed in a small size and the fed refuse bags are directly sent to the refuse line by the conveyor, dried, shredded and then incinerated. Since dried and shredded refuse is supplied to the incinerator, the combustion rate of the incinerator is accelerated, the generation of harmful materials such as exhaust gas and dioxins, is suppressed and the malodor of an incineration plant is prevented by complete combustion and the improvement of a working environment, or the like, is attained. Also, the refuse does not remain at the lower part and the exhalation of the malodor is prevented. The opening part is reduced and the burdens on a conveyor area are lightened as a result.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste disposal system for waste, garbage and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional general waste or garbage such as garbage.
The facility that treats waste (hereinafter referred to as garbage) is generally incinerated. Among the garbage, garbage contains a large amount of water (containing about 60% of water), so if it is put into an incinerator as it is, it will cause a cooling action in the incinerator, causing a decrease in drying rate and burning rate. This leads to a prolonged combustion time or an increase in fuel due to a decrease in fuel consumption. In particular, there is a risk of emission of harmful substances such as exhaust gas and / or dioxin due to incomplete combustion. In addition, the bad odor generated from the incineration plant has a bad working environment,
If it leaks outside the factory, it becomes a social problem.

[0003] Further, the conventional storage hitting method often has a structure (apparatus) for grasping and discharging only the upper portion of the garbage of the hit. Therefore,
Since the lower garbage remains in the bunker, it begins to rot and foul odors are generated. The odor of this remaining garbage is severe,
Causes unexpected damage to workers and neighbors. For this purpose, a method to contain odors by air curtain and / or air suction (negative pressure suction method) or a method to actively exhaust odors have been adopted, but no satisfactory results have been achieved at present. It is.

[0004] Prior art relating to solving the above-mentioned problem and this kind of incineration facility includes the following documents (1) to (3). This is outlined below. (1) There is a waste incineration plant disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-329316 (referred to as Reference (1)). It is equipped with a garbage input door for garbage input, which reduces the required flat area and enables construction on a site with a small area, and prevents odor from the garbage heat from leaking out to platforms and other places. Can be reduced. (2) There is an odor prevention device (referred to as reference (2)) in the garbage disposal unit of JP-A-10-263496, which partitions the building into a treatment room and a front room,
The front and rear of the front room have a double shutter structure, the upper surface of the refuse disposal unit is partitioned by a partition wall, and the refuse storage space can be hermetically sealed. The power for deodorization can be reduced while preventing the occurrence of odor. In addition, (3) there is a garbage dump at the garbage disposal facility described in JP-A-2001-48353 (reference (3)), in which garbage is put into the front part of the garbage sheet from the garbage input station and transferred to the rear part of the garbage sheet by an overhead crane. After the waste is deposited and replaced, the waste is thrown from the inlet of the hopper and incinerated.The waste brought into the rear part of the waste can be deposited up to the height of the inlet, so the bottom of the waste is shallow. can do.

[0005]

Conventionally, the method of putting garbage directly into an incinerator has various disadvantages as described above. For example, a cooling action in the incinerator is caused to cause a decrease in drying rate, a prolonged combustion time due to a decrease in combustion rate, or an increase in fuel. In particular, there is a risk of harmful substances such as exhaust gas and / or dioxin due to incomplete combustion.

[0006] A conventional incineration facility using a pet and a crane has a configuration in which the waste stored in the pet is picked up by a crane from above. Thus, the upper refuse is frequently input and discharged, while the lower refuse remains forever. In particular, in the case of garbage, what remains below is liable to rot, and the degree of odor is severe, which is a major problem.
Further, since the opening of the pet is relatively large, it is also a problem that a bad smell is likely to leak to the outside.

In the above-mentioned documents (1) and (2), although the configuration is such that the bad smell of the pet is contained, the method using a large pet and a crane is the same as the conventional one, and consideration is given to the decay of the garbage remaining below. No odor measures are taken.
Document (3) is characterized in that the depth of the jet is made shallow, but the method using a crane is the same as before, and no consideration is given to the decay of the garbage remaining below, and odor control measures are not taken. not enough.

Further, the above-mentioned documents (1) and (2) have a configuration in which the waste of a pet is directly supplied to an incinerator using means such as a transfer crane, and as described above, contains a large amount of water. There is a similar problem from incinerating wet garbage.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The invention of claim 1 is to cancel the conventional method of directly putting garbage into an incinerator, supply dried and finely divided garbage to the incinerator, and reduce the burning rate of the incinerator. Of waste, harmful substances such as dioxin, etc. due to complete combustion, prevention of offensive odor in incineration plants, and improvement of work environment. In addition, the conventional method of storing the pets and the method of transporting the crane were abolished, and the input garbage bags were sent directly to the conveyor for immediate processing, eliminating garbage remaining below and releasing odors. Prevention and reducing the opening to reduce the load on the receiving conveyor. In addition, the unit is designed to be small in size to reduce equipment costs, facilitate construction, and effectively use the site within the equipment. In addition, dry and solid waste (fine RDF) for three days according to the Ministry of the Environment's structural standards will be stored in a storage tank and processed to achieve quick and reliable disposal of food waste.

[0010] The first aspect of the present invention is a tanker for putting in garbage bags containing waste, garbage, etc., a conveyor for garbage bags provided in the bunker, a crushing bag for the garbage bags and a crushing device for loosening the garbage. A bag machine, a crusher that roughly crushes the loosened garbage, a dryer that dries the roughly crushed garbage, a separator that sorts the dried garbage, and a finer that grinds the sorted garbage, A refuse treatment system in which the fine refuse generated by the finer is sent to an incinerator using an air blowing means and a quantitative feeder, and burned in the incinerator, wherein the garbage bag put into the handker is: After being received by the conveyor, it is sent to a bag breaker using this conveyor, and the crushed garbage is sent to a dryer, a sorter, and a finer, and a storage tank that can hold the finely dried garbage for at least three days. To the incinerator via the Only a waste treatment system that can be processed without delay.

The invention of claim 2 intends to efficiently dry garbage or achieve fuel saving.

[0012] Claim 2 includes a dryer, a plurality of hot air supply ports provided in the dryer, one or a plurality of cylindrical screw bodies, and a screw provided on a peripheral surface of the screw body. A trough provided below the screw body and a number of holes formed in the trough, and air is blown out from the holes of the trough toward dust while being conveyed by the screw, and is dried.
1 is a refuse disposal system.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS According to the present invention, a hopper for charging garbage bags is made smaller than a conventional one, and for example, as shown in FIG. As a result, the amount of garbage to be thrown in at a time is reduced, and the garbage bags are directly sent to the receiving conveyer for immediate processing.
Therefore, there is no danger that the lower refuse will remain and rot, and most of the refuse in the tanker can be replaced at all times. In addition, the opening of the bunker is small (narrow), so that the odor does not easily leak to the outside.

[0014] The garbage bags sent directly to the garbage line at the receiving con- tainer are then subjected to bag breakage, crushing of garbage, magnetic separation, drying, sorting and RD.
Proceed to a process similar to the F (Refuse Derived Fuel) line, further pulverize into primary and secondary fines, and reduce the risk of no fine dust and dry storage dust (for three days of waste). Temporarily store in a storage tank (for 3 days, apparent specific gravity 0.55) to supplement. After this storage, the fuel is injected and supplied to the incinerator for combustion. In addition, drying,
After fine grinding, as a RDF powder or solid RDF, this fine RDF is burned (RDF lower calorific value 4,500 [kcal / kg]) and can be used as a heat source for hot water supply, power generation boilers, incineration ash melting, etc. It is.

In the present invention, a dryer is also characterized. That is,
The present invention employs a multi-stage vertical dryer. The reason is that conventional dryers are often of a horizontal rotary trailer type, but are inefficient. Therefore, a specific example of the dryer of the present invention will be described.In a vertical multi-stage dryer, a bowl-shaped trough and a large number of screw bodies are provided in a multi-stage manner, and by rotating this screw body, the screw is rotated. The screw provided on the main body rotates. With the rotation of the screw, the garbage in the trough is moved in the longitudinal direction of the screw body while being stirred. During this movement, hot air (air) introduced into the dryer is blown out from a number of holes formed in a trough provided below the screw body to perform drying. At this time, the hot air of the dryer uses the hot air of the incinerator,
Dry efficiently and save resources. This hot air
After being blown out from the lower side of the trough, it is successively guided to the upper trough hole with fresh hot air, and is efficiently dried.
In addition, the roughly crushed refuse and the roughly crushed refuse in the middle of drying are almost completely dried by being transported so as to bypass between a number of screw bodies.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a tanker for throwing in a garbage bag brought in. The tanker 1 is provided with a receiving conveyer 2. The garbage bags put into the tanker 1 are sequentially and promptly conveyed to the garbage line by the receiving conveyer 2. Therefore, no garbage bag or garbage stays in any of the bunker 1. In addition, by narrowing the opening 100 of the bunker 1, a large amount of garbage bags can be prevented,
And to eliminate storage and prevent the spread of bad odors.

After the garbage is broken by the bag breaker 3, the garbage is separated by the magnetic separator 4 into metal and non-metal. The separated nonmetallic waste is roughly crushed by the crusher 5. In addition, the magnetic separator 4 is provided in an appropriate place as needed. Then, it is dried in the dryer 6 and the sorting machine 7
And then pulverize to predetermined dimensions by primary and secondary mills 8 and 9. This fine dust is temporarily stored in the storage tank 10. The odor generated by the bunker 1 and / or the bag breaking machine 3
The (odor) is deodorized by the deodorizing device 18 (thermal oxidation method), and then guided to the exhaust stack 16 and diffused into the atmosphere. Further, the sewage is stored in the sewage tank 20 and then converted into steam in an incinerator described later to eliminate odor.

The structure of the dryer 6 is a vertical multi-stage type,
A hot air supply port 60 is provided at an appropriate position of the dryer 6. One or a plurality of screw bodies 61 are arranged in the dryer 6, and the screw 610 is rotated by the rotation of the screw body 61. A trough 62 is provided below the screw main body 61, and a number of holes 620 are formed in the trough 62. Therefore, the hot air introduced from the hot air supply port 60 is blown out of the dryer 6 through the holes 620 toward the roughly crushed waste. It should be noted that the roughly crushed refuse or the roughly crushed refuse in the course of drying is bypassed between the many troughs 62 and the screw main body 61.

The fine dust in the storage tank 10 is put into an incinerator 11 and burned, and the combustion gas passes through a temperature controller 12 to a gas cooling chamber.
Cooled in 13 and clarified in dust collector 14. Thereafter, the air is guided to the exhaust stack 16 by the induced exhaust fan 15 and diffused into the atmosphere. When the incinerator 11 is ignited, the incinerator 11 is heated by an auxiliary oil heater to enable the ignition of the fine RDF. In the figure 17
Indicates an oil tank.

Hereinafter, each of the above components will be described in detail.

(1) The bunker 1 is made of steel plate or the like.
The volume is equivalent to one or two trucks.

(2) The receiving conveyor 2 is made of steel and is supplied in a fixed amount by a conveyor to the bag-breaking machine 3.
To remove iron powder or metal (iron).

(3) The crusher 5 first has a size of 20 m / m to 50 m / m
Rough crushing (hydraulic) to a size of about m.

(4) The configuration of the dryer 6 is a multi-stage vertical type. The reason is that water remains in the refuse, so that the conventional horizontal rotary trailer type is inefficient and requires a long processing time. The dryer 6 has a configuration in which hot air from several hot air supply ports 60 is blown out from holes 620 of a punching metal trough 62 toward rough crushed debris and dried. The crushed refuse and the like are sequentially dropped into the trough 62 and the screw body 61 of the same type below while being stirred by the screws 610 of the multiple parallel screw bodies 61. The number of stages of the trough 62 and the screw body 61 is suitably about 3 to 4 stages,
For example, it circumvents crushed refuse and the like, and ensures reliable and efficient drying.

(5) The sorter 7 employs a specific gravity selection method for removing residual iron, glass, or inorganic incombustibles.

(6) The primary fine powder mill 8 uses a rotary blade type or a screw type, for example, to reduce the powder to 3 m / m to 6 m / m. For example, spray cooling water is sprayed to prevent the deterioration because the efficiency is deteriorated due to the melt adhesion to the fine blade. In addition, the transfer to the below-mentioned secondary fine-grain machine 9 is equipped with a wind fan.

(7) The secondary fine-powder 9 pulverizes the powder to a size of, for example, about 500 μm or less (powder of a thermal power plant is 70 μm) and sends it to the storage tank 10 by air.

(8) The storage tank 10 is discharged for three days from below with a plurality of parallel screw conveyors. The external casing has a flat upper and lower cross-sectional area of the same area to prevent flitching. In addition, fine dust shall be blown by a blower.

(9) The incinerator 11 uses an injection-type burner type combustion device. The exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 11 is cooled to approximately 150 ° C. by spray water in the gas cooling chamber 13 just in case,
I. In order to prevent dioxin emission, the concentration is controlled using activated carbon and slaked lime.

(10) The dust collector 14 is of a vacuum filter type,
The dust collector generated by the dust collector 14 is introduced into a melting furnace (not shown) to be melted or solidified to about 20 m / m to 30 m / m (an example).

[0032]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tanker for charging a garbage bag, a conveyor for transporting the garbage bag, a garbage bag breaking machine, a magnetic separator, a garbage dryer, a sorter, and a powder. This is a refuse treatment system composed of a refuse line consisting of thin machines and the like.The storage tanker is formed in a small size, and the garbage bags are sent directly to the refuse line by a conveyer for processing. It is characterized in that dioxin generation is suppressed (complete combustion) by utilizing the synergistic effect with combustion. Therefore, the conventional method of directly putting garbage into the incinerator has been abolished, and dried and pulverized garbage has been supplied to the incinerator to increase the burning rate of the incinerator, to reduce the amount of waste generated by complete combustion and / or toxinous substances such as dioxin. Prevent the generation and odor of incineration plants, or improve the work environment. In addition, the conventional method of storing the pets and the method of transporting the crane were abolished, and the input garbage bags were sent directly to the conveyor and immediately processed, so that no garbage remained below the garbage and the odor was released. This has the following effects: prevention of damage, reduction of the opening, and reduction of the burden on the conveyer area, and reduction of equipment costs and simplification of construction due to the compact size of the bunker.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the dryer comprises: a plurality of hot air supply ports provided in the dryer; one or a plurality of cylindrical screw bodies; and a screw provided on a peripheral surface of the screw body. This is a refuse treatment system that consists of a trough provided below a screw body and a number of holes formed in the trough, and air is blown out from the holes of the trough toward refuse while being conveyed by a screw and dried. Therefore, in the case of garbage such as garbage having a large amount of water, effects such as rapid removal of water and efficient drying can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an entire refuse disposal system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the screw of the dryer, partially cut away.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Handker 100 Opening 2 Receiving conveyor 3 Bag breaker 4 Magnetic separator 5 Crusher 6 Dryer 60 Hot air supply 61 Screw body 610 Screw 62 Trough 620 holes 7 Sorter 8 Primary mill 9 Secondary mill Machine 10 Storage tank 11 Incinerator 12 Temperature controller 13 Gas cooling room 14 Dust collector 15 Induced exhaust fan 16 Exhaust stack 17 Oil tank 18 Deodorizer 20 Sewage tank

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) B09B 3/00 B65F 5/00 101 4D067 ZAB F23G 5/02 E 5/00 5/033 A B65F 5/00 101B F23G 5/02 C 5/033 5/04 E 5/44 B B09B 3/00 303J 5/04 ZAB 5/44 303M 5/00 PM term (reference) 3E025 AA02 CA01 CA02 CA04 CA11 CA12 DC01 DE03 3K065 AA18 AB01 AC01 CA01 CA02 CA14 4D004 AA03 AA46 AB01 AC05 CA04 CA08 CA09 CA28 CA42 CB05 CB13 CB36 CB46 CB47 DA03 DA20 4D021 FA12 GA11 HA01 HA10 4D065 CA05 CC01 EB15 ED45 4D067 DD02 DD07 DD11 DD12 DD19 EE27 GA17 GB07

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A garbage bag for storing waste, garbage and the like, a garbage bag input container, a garbage bag conveying conveyor provided in the garbage bag, a garbage bag breaking machine and a garbage breaking machine. A crusher for roughly crushing the loosened garbage, a dryer for drying the roughly crushed garbage, a sorting machine for separating the dried garbage, a finer for grinding the sorted garbage, and the finer Is a refuse treatment system in which the fine refuse generated in the above is sent to an incinerator using an air blowing means and a quantitative feeder, and is burned in the incinerator. The garbage bags put into the tanker are received by a conveyor. After being sent, the conveyer is used to send it to a bag breaker, the crushed refuse is sent to a dryer, a sorter, and a finer, and the crushed and dried refuse is sent to an incinerator via a storage tank. Garbage can be processed without delay in garbage bags System. 2. The dryer, comprising: a plurality of hot air supply ports provided in the dryer; one or a plurality of cylindrical screw bodies; a screw provided on a peripheral surface of the screw body; A structure comprising a trough provided below a screw main body, and a number of holes formed in the trough, and drying by blowing air from the holes of the trough toward garbage while conveying with the screw.
Waste treatment system described in 1.