CN111852536A - Negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system and method - Google Patents

Negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111852536A
CN111852536A CN202010740032.0A CN202010740032A CN111852536A CN 111852536 A CN111852536 A CN 111852536A CN 202010740032 A CN202010740032 A CN 202010740032A CN 111852536 A CN111852536 A CN 111852536A
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tunnel
sensor
pressure
negative pressure
pressure wave
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CN111852536B (en
Inventor
赵万强
范雲鹤
郑长青
喻渝
何昌国
刘祥
汤印
余刚
曾勤
辜英晗
张迁
粟威
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China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co Ltd CREEC
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China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co Ltd CREEC
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/08—Ventilation arrangements in connection with air ducts, e.g. arrangements for mounting ventilators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system and a negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding method. According to the negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system, the air at the outlet area of the tunnel is sucked by the exhaust fan to generate the negative pressure area, and the gradient of pressure waves is retarded on a propagation path in a mode of blocking pressure waves in the tunnel by negative pressure, so that the energy of micro-pressure waves is retarded; the exhaust fan is arranged in the tunnel arch wall, the original structure of the tunnel is not required to be changed, and the construction and design are simpler and more convenient; the whole structure of the system is simple, and the maintenance is convenient.

Description

Negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system and method.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, after the train 1 enters the enclosed space such as the tunnel 2, the air flow in the tunnel 2 caused by the train 1 approaching and entering the tunnel 2 is a complex three-dimensional, unsteady and compressible turbulent flow. Thereby, a pressure wave 5 is generated in the tunnel 2, the pressure wave 5 propagates to the exit position of the tunnel 2 to generate a micro-pressure wave 7, and the micro-pressure wave 7 may cause great damage to the vicinity of the exit of the tunnel 2, such as great noise, infrasonic waves, shock waves and the like which affect the safety of people.
In the prior art, the common measures for reducing the micro-pressure waves 7 are to increase the area of the tunnel 2, reduce the blockage ratio and other auxiliary methods, wherein the common auxiliary methods are to optimize the shape of the head and the tail of the train 1, add a hole buffer device, increase a ventilation shaft, control the temperature gradient of an outlet position and the like. However, the above measures each have different drawbacks: if the section of the tunnel 2 is enlarged, the construction risk is large, and the engineering quantity is increased; meanwhile, the effect of reducing the micro-pressure waves 7 by the existing auxiliary method is not obvious.
Therefore, a new approach to solve the above problems needs to be proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system and method aiming at the problems that the construction risk is high, the engineering quantity is increased and the effect of reducing micro-pressure waves by other auxiliary methods is not obvious in the existing method for reducing the micro-pressure waves by increasing the tunnel section in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a negative pressure separation tunnel pressure wave slows down system, includes detection parts and at least one air exhauster, the air exhauster sets up in the tunnel arch wall, the exhaust column of air exhauster stretches into the positive hole in tunnel, the exhaust pipe intercommunication of air exhauster outside the tunnel, detection parts is used for detecting the position of train with control stop of air exhauster, the air exhauster is used for the tunnel exit region forms the negative pressure zone.
By adopting the negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system, the start and stop of the exhaust fan are controlled according to the train position detected by the detection part, the exhaust fan is started, the exhaust pipe of the exhaust fan is used for sucking the air at the outlet area of the tunnel, the negative pressure area is formed at the outlet area, the gradient of pressure waves is effectively retarded on a propagation path in a mode that the negative pressure area blocks the pressure waves in the tunnel, so that the energy of micro pressure waves at the outlet position is effectively retarded, and then the exhaust fan is stopped when the train leaves; the exhaust fan is arranged in the tunnel arch wall, the original structure of the tunnel is not required to be changed, the construction and the design are simpler and more convenient, the existing tunnel is convenient to transform, and the cost is saved; the whole structure of the system is simple, and the maintenance is convenient.
Preferably, the exhaust duct extends to the outside of the tunnel along an evacuation passage of the tunnel.
Through the arrangement, the arrangement of the exhaust pipes can be facilitated, and the installation of the exhaust fan is facilitated.
Preferably, the negative pressure blocking type tunnel pressure wave retarding system comprises at least two exhaust fans, wherein the exhaust fans are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the tunnel along the center line of the tunnel.
Through this kind of setting, can make respectively right air in the tunnel half region carries out quick suction, two relatively the air exhauster can be to corresponding air rapid suction in the tunnel region reaches preset pressure as early as possible, guarantees right the effect of slowing down of pressure wave.
Preferably, the detection part includes first sensor and second sensor, first sensor is relative the air exhauster is located tunnel entry direction, the second sensor is located exhaust column position department, the train passes through start during the first sensor the air exhauster, the train passes through shut down during the second sensor the air exhauster.
Through this kind of setting, adopt the mode that train triggered sensor comes right the air exhauster controls, can well control opening of air exhauster, and can make the pressure wave reachs during air exhauster department, air exhauster department can have design maximum vacuum to this produces the best separation effect, slows down the energy of little pressure wave, the second sensor is located exhaust column position department is located promptly negative pressure zone is favorable to energy-concerving and environment-protective.
Further preferably, the first sensor and the second sensor are both non-contact sensors, and the train passing the sensors can trigger sensor responses immediately.
The invention also provides a method for blocking the tunnel pressure wave by negative pressure, which is applied to the negative pressure blocking type tunnel pressure wave retarding system and comprises the following steps:
time t for obtaining preset pressure intensity after air in suction tunnel of exhaust fan1；
Acquiring the length L of the train from the exhaust fan when the position of the tunnel outlet is monitored to detect the micro-pressure waves; i.e. to the position of the suction opening of the extraction duct 31, i.e. to the position where the negative pressure zone is formed;
acquiring the average speed v of the train passing through the tunnel;
setting the distance length between the first sensor and the second sensor to be S;
wherein S > vt1+ L, S units are m, v units are m/S, t1The unit is s and L is m.
By adopting the negative pressure barrier type tunnel pressure wave retarding method, the distance between the first sensor and the second sensor can be adjusted according to different speed per hour of the train, so that the corresponding tunnel has preset pressure when the pressure wave reaches the exhaust fan, the preset pressure is determined according to design requirements, the optimal blocking effect is generated, the energy of micro pressure waves is retarded, the flexibility is strong, the method has simple steps, the operation is convenient, and the effect is good.
Preferably, the suction fan is started, and the time t for reaching the preset pressure is measured1。
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system, the exhaust fan is used for sucking air at the outlet area of the tunnel to form the negative pressure area, and the gradient of pressure waves is retarded on a propagation path in a mode that the negative pressure blocks pressure waves in the tunnel, so that the energy of micro pressure waves is retarded;
2. according to the negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system, the exhaust fan is arranged in the tunnel arch wall, the original structure of the tunnel is not required to be changed, and construction and design are simpler and more convenient;
3. the negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system is simple in overall structure and composition and convenient to maintain;
4. according to the negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system, the exhaust fan is controlled in a mode that the train triggers the sensor, the start and stop of the exhaust fan can be well controlled, energy is saved, and the operation cost is low;
5. according to the method for blocking the tunnel pressure wave by using the negative pressure, disclosed by the invention, the distance between the first sensor and the second sensor can be adjusted according to different speeds of the train, so that when the pressure wave reaches the exhaust fan, the negative pressure area with the designed maximum vacuum degree can be formed at the position, the pressure wave is buffered, the optimal blocking effect is generated, the energy of the micro-pressure wave is relieved, the flexibility is strong, the method is simple in step, convenient to operate and good in effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of pressure waves and micro-pressure waves generated when a train enters a tunnel in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a pressure wave mitigation system according to the present invention (tunnel lateral);
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a pressure wave mitigation system of the present invention (tunnel longitudinal);
FIG. 4 is a second schematic view (tunnel longitudinal) of the pressure wave mitigation system of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-train, 2-tunnel, 3-exhaust fan, 31-exhaust pipe, 32-exhaust pipe, 41-first sensor, 42-second sensor, 5-pressure wave, 6-negative pressure zone and 7-micro-pressure wave.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2-4, the negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave attenuation system of the present invention includes a detection component and two suction fans 3.
Air exhauster 3 is located 2 exit regions in tunnel (train exit region), air exhauster 3 sets up in 2 arch walls in tunnel, be close to ground setting, certainly also can locate according to actual need other positions in tunnel 2, if set up two air exhauster 3 follows respectively 2 central line symmetries in tunnel are located 2 both sides in tunnel, air exhauster 3 is used for making 2 exit regions in tunnel form negative pressure region 6.
Exhaust column 31 of air exhauster 3 stretches into 2 positive holes in tunnel, exhaust column 31 is located 3 places of air exhauster correspond the section position, promptly 3 position department of air exhauster forms negative pressure zone 6, the exhaust pipe 32 of air exhauster 3 is followed the evacuation passageway in tunnel 2 extends to outside the tunnel 2, through this kind of setting, can be convenient arranging of exhaust pipe 32 is convenient for the installation setting of air exhauster 3.
The detecting part includes first sensor 41 and second sensor 42, first sensor 41 is relative air exhauster 3 locates 2 entry directions in tunnel (the train entering direction promptly), the quantity and the power of air exhauster 3 set up according to design requirements such as preset pressure, so that first sensor 41 can be located in tunnel 2, avoid interfering, second sensor 42 is located 3 position departments of air exhauster are favorable to sparingly using electricity, train 1 passes through start during first sensor 41 air exhauster 3, train 1 passes through shut down during the second sensor 42 air exhauster 3, of course, also can with second sensor 42 is located after the air exhauster 3 or outside the export of tunnel 2.
Specifically, the first sensor 41 and the second sensor 42 are both non-contact sensors, such as photoelectric sensors, which can trigger sensor responses immediately when the train 1 passes by the sensors.
By applying the negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system, the exhaust fan 3 is used for sucking air at the outlet area of the tunnel 2 to form the negative pressure area 6, and the gradient of the pressure wave 5 is retarded on a propagation path in a mode of blocking the pressure wave 5 in the tunnel 2 by negative pressure, so that the energy of the micro pressure wave 7 is retarded; the exhaust fan 3 is arranged in the arch wall of the tunnel 2, the original structure of the tunnel 2 does not need to be changed, and the construction and the design are simpler and more convenient; one exhaust fan 3 can rapidly suck air in a half area of the tunnel 2, and the two opposite exhaust fans 3 can rapidly suck air in the corresponding area of the tunnel 2 to reach a preset pressure as soon as possible, so that the effect of slowing down the pressure wave 5 is ensured; the starting and stopping of the exhaust fan 3 are controlled by adopting a mode that the train 1 triggers a sensor, the starting and stopping of the exhaust fan 3 can be well controlled, and when the pressure wave 5 reaches the exhaust fan 3, the maximum vacuum degree is formed in the tunnel 2 at the exhaust fan 3, so that the optimal blocking effect is generated, and the energy of the micro-pressure wave 7 is reduced; the whole structure of the system is simple, and the maintenance is convenient.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the method for reducing a negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave according to the present invention, which is applied to the negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave reduction system according to embodiment 1, includes:
A. starting the exhaust fan 3, measuring the time t for the exhaust fan 3 to suck the air in the tunnel 2 and then reach the preset pressure intensity1The judgment of reaching the preset pressure intensity can be obtained by taking the average value of a plurality of sensors after the collection of the section area of the suction opening of the exhaust pipe 31;
B. measuring the length L of the train 1 from the exhaust fan 3 when the micro-pressure wave 7 is monitored at the exit position of the tunnel 2, as shown in FIG. 3;
C. measuring the average speed v of said train 1 through said tunnel 2;
D. arranging second sensor 42 at exhaust fan 3, arranging first sensor 41 at a distance S from exhaust fan 3, arranging first sensor 41 opposite to exhaust fan 3 in the direction of tunnel 2 entrance, wherein S > vt1+ L, S units are m, v units are m/S, t1The unit is s and L is m, as shown in FIG. 4. The steps A, B and C are not limited to the order, and only need to be measured.
If the concrete implementation mode is as follows: when the train 1 passes the first sensor 41, the first sensorIn response to sensor 41, the control system controls the suction fan 3 to start, via t1Afterwards, air exhauster 3 will tunnel 2 exit region department pump drainage reaches preset pressure, forms negative pressure zone 6 waits pressure wave 5 transmits during the air exhauster 3 position, because the existence of negative pressure zone 6 can the separation pressure wave 5 propagates, slows down from this tunnel 2 exit the energy of little pressure wave 7, later train 1 passes through second sensor 42, second sensor 42 responds, and control system control air exhauster 3 closes.
By applying the method for blocking the tunnel pressure wave by using the negative pressure, the distance between the first sensor 41 and the second sensor 42 can be adjusted according to different speed per hour of the train 1, so that the negative pressure area 6 with the maximum vacuum degree is formed in the tunnel 2 corresponding to the pressure wave 5 when the pressure wave 5 reaches the exhaust fan 3, the pressure wave 5 is buffered, the best blocking effect is generated, the energy of the micro-pressure wave 7 is reduced, the flexibility is strong, and the method has the advantages of simple steps, convenience in operation and good effect.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a negative pressure separation tunnel pressure wave slows down system, its characterized in that, includes detection part and at least one air exhauster (3), air exhauster (3) set up in tunnel (2) arch wall, exhaust column (31) of air exhauster (3) stretch into tunnel (2) main tunnel, exhaust pipe (32) of air exhauster (3) communicate to outside tunnel (2), the detection part is used for detecting the position of train (1) with control opening and stopping of air exhauster (3), air exhauster (3) are used for tunnel (2) exit region forms negative pressure zone (6).
2. Slowing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust duct (32) extends outside the tunnel (2) along an evacuation channel of the tunnel (2).
3. Slowing system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least two said suction fans (3), said suction fans (3) being symmetrically arranged on both sides of said tunnel (2) along the median line of said tunnel (2).
4. Slowing system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said detection means comprise a first sensor (41) and a second sensor (42), said first sensor (41) being positioned in the direction of the entrance of said tunnel (2) with respect to said suction fan (3), said second sensor (42) being positioned at the location of said suction fan (3), said suction fan (3) being activated when said train (1) passes said first sensor (41), said suction fan (3) being deactivated when said train (1) passes said second sensor (42).
5. Slowing system according to claim 3, characterized in that said first sensor (41) and said second sensor (42) are both non-contact sensors.
6. A method of negative pressure blocking a tunnel pressure wave, using the negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave attenuation system of any one of claims 4 to 5, the method comprising:
obtaining the time t when the exhaust fan (3) sucks the air in the tunnel (2) and then reaches the preset pressure intensity1；
Acquiring the length L of the train (1) from the exhaust fan (3) when the outlet position of the tunnel (2) monitors the micro-pressure wave (7);
acquiring the average speed v of the train (1) passing through the tunnel (2);
arranging a first sensor (41) and a second sensor (42) in the tunnel (2), wherein the distance between the first sensor (41) and the second sensor (42) is S, and S is greater than vt1+L。
7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the suction fan (3) is activated and the measurement reaches a preset valueTime t of pressure intensity1。
CN202010740032.0A 2020-07-28 2020-07-28 Negative pressure blocking tunnel pressure wave retarding system and method Active CN111852536B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112523805A (en) * 2020-11-19 2021-03-19 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 Micro-air pressure wave dissipation system and method for high-speed train to pass through tunnel

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0842291A (en) * 1994-07-29 1996-02-13 Uchu Kagaku Kenkyusho Tunnel structure
CN105756684A (en) * 2016-03-28 2016-07-13 北京交通大学 Device for relieving micro-pressure waves of railway tunnel portal
KR20180011369A (en) * 2016-07-21 2018-02-01 한국철도기술연구원 Reduction device to control wind speed and pressure induced by train draft in subway tunnel
CN207212385U (en) * 2017-08-10 2018-04-10 广州天翔建设工程有限公司 A kind of city tunnel aeration structure
CN208816131U (en) * 2018-07-27 2019-05-03 武汉工程大学 Bullet train tunnel exit microbarometric wave relief features
CN110107331A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-08-09 北京交通大学 A kind of Railway Tunnel decompression method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0842291A (en) * 1994-07-29 1996-02-13 Uchu Kagaku Kenkyusho Tunnel structure
CN105756684A (en) * 2016-03-28 2016-07-13 北京交通大学 Device for relieving micro-pressure waves of railway tunnel portal
KR20180011369A (en) * 2016-07-21 2018-02-01 한국철도기술연구원 Reduction device to control wind speed and pressure induced by train draft in subway tunnel
CN207212385U (en) * 2017-08-10 2018-04-10 广州天翔建设工程有限公司 A kind of city tunnel aeration structure
CN208816131U (en) * 2018-07-27 2019-05-03 武汉工程大学 Bullet train tunnel exit microbarometric wave relief features
CN110107331A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-08-09 北京交通大学 A kind of Railway Tunnel decompression method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112523805A (en) * 2020-11-19 2021-03-19 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 Micro-air pressure wave dissipation system and method for high-speed train to pass through tunnel
CN112523805B (en) * 2020-11-19 2022-11-29 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 Micro-air pressure wave dissipation system and method for high-speed train to pass through tunnel

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