CN111850828A - 一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,属于无纺布生产技术领域,一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,可以实现在传统无纺布被动抗菌的基础上,不仅进一步提高被动抗菌效果,同时可以一定程度的延长抗菌寿命,并对无纺布强度进行一定的提升,而且创新性的引入主动抗菌的概念,通过在复合的无纺布内嵌埋入特殊设置的双效抗菌层,利用主动抗菌含银球对无纺布的自身强度和抗菌性进行增强,并且在多菌环境下用户可以通过物理挤压的方式,促进主动抗菌含银球主动释放出大量的银离子,从而大幅提升在此环境下的抗菌和抑菌效果,对常见的细菌具有极高的灭菌率,本发明基于被动抗菌和主动抗菌的灵活结合,可以充分满足用户在不同环境下的特殊使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及无纺布生产技术领域,更具体地说,涉及一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺。
背景技术
无纺布又称不织布,是由定向的或随机的纤维而构成。因具有布的外观和某些性能而称其为布。
无纺布具有防潮、透气、柔韧、质轻、不助燃、容易分解、无毒无刺激性、色彩丰富、价格低廉、可循环再用等特点。如多采用聚丙烯(pp材质)粒料为原料,经高温熔融、喷丝、铺纲、热压卷取连续一步法生产而成。
无纺布广泛的应用于高档的一次性吸收物品的表层材料等卫生领域或其他相关领域。但其功能的体现主要是用化学药剂,来获得诸如消毒,抗菌等功能,或者添加相关物理材料,获得某种单一功能;另外现有的无纺布具有良好的吸湿功能,但当其受到压力后,其吸收的水分等还会从吸收的一方渗透出来。
目前市场上几乎所有的无纺布在抗菌效果方面均是被动进行的,即其不受外力因素干扰利用持续的缓释作用进行抗菌抑菌,尽管在普通的使用环境下抗菌性能足够卓越,但是在特殊的多菌环境下,现有的无纺布依靠被动释放展开抗菌作用往往效果不佳,制约了无纺布在特殊环境下的使用。
发明内容
1.要解决的技术问题
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,它可以实现在传统无纺布被动抗菌的基础上,不仅进一步提高被动抗菌效果,同时可以一定程度的延长抗菌寿命,并对无纺布强度进行一定的提升,而且创新性的引入主动抗菌的概念,通过在复合的无纺布内嵌埋入特殊设置的双效抗菌层,利用主动抗菌含银球对无纺布的自身强度和抗菌性进行增强,并且在多菌环境下用户可以通过物理挤压的方式,促进主动抗菌含银球主动释放出大量的银离子,从而大幅提升在此环境下的抗菌和抑菌效果,对常见的细菌具有极高的灭菌率,本发明基于被动抗菌和主动抗菌的灵活结合,可以充分满足用户在不同环境下的特殊使用。
2.技术方案
为解决上述问题,本发明采用如下的技术方案。
一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、将原料纤维开松混和,梳理杂乱,整齐排列形成两张纤维网基布;
S2、将两张纤维网基布采用雾化的方式喷湿,压实蓬松的纤维网,排除纤维网中的空气;
S3、取多个主动抗菌含银球铺洒至其中一张纤维网基布上,然后经过磁场导向后在纤维网基布上形成均匀排布的双效抗菌层;
S4、将另外一张纤维网基布复合至设置有双效抗菌层的纤维网基布上,并依次经过水刺机水刺、轧干工艺,织成无纺布;
S5、将制得的无纺布浸渍于纳米银抗菌剂中,烘干后冷却并收卷即得抗菌无纺布成品。
进一步的,所述原料纤维为聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、棉花纤维、玉米纤维或聚乳酸纤维中的一种或几种。
进一步的,所述主动抗菌含银球包括双效抗菌微球和一对多效抗菌纤维杆,且一对多效抗菌纤维杆对称插设于双效抗菌微球上,双效抗菌微球起到储存部分纳米银抗菌剂的作用,在正常状态下逐步向外界环境中缓释实现抗菌效果,一对多效抗菌纤维杆在正常状态下起到对纤维网基布的补强作用,提高无纺布的整体强度,在多菌环境下用户通过挤压无纺布的方式,由多效抗菌纤维杆传递挤压动作至双效抗菌微球,促进其释放储存的纳米银抗菌剂,从而主动提升抗菌效果,且双效抗菌微球自身也具备转移纳米银抗菌剂的能力和一定的抗菌抑菌性和透气吸湿性。
进一步的,所述双效抗菌微球包括壳聚糖缓释膜和填充于壳聚糖缓释膜内的储液含银球,且多效抗菌纤维杆贯穿壳聚糖缓释膜并延伸至储液含银球中,储液含银球起到直接储存纳米银抗菌剂的作用,而壳聚糖缓释膜起到包裹储液含银球的作用,避免储液含银球超量向外界环境释放纳米银抗菌剂,其自身也具有生物相容性、无毒性、抑菌等多种生理性质,并且可以控制纳米银粒子的均匀释放,纳米银的抗菌作用能够长期保持,提高无纺布的抗菌能力。
进一步的,所述多效抗菌纤维杆包括插设于双效抗菌微球上的抗菌纤维基杆,所述抗菌纤维基杆远离双效抗菌微球一端包裹有磁导端头,所述抗菌纤维基杆延伸至双效抗菌微球内的一端连接有多根散布纤维分丝,且散布纤维分丝在双效抗菌微球内呈分散状,抗菌纤维基杆起到直接传动和转移纳米银抗菌剂的作用,也可以对无纺布进行补强作用,磁导端头则方便利用外加磁场进行导向,对主动抗菌含银球进行均匀排布并且以正确姿势嵌于一对纤维网基布之间,散布纤维分丝则可以提高抗菌纤维基杆对纳米银抗菌剂的转移能力,同时可以将挤压动作在储液含银球内进行均匀扩散。
进一步的,所述双效抗菌微球通过将储液含银球浸渍于壳聚糖成膜溶液中,然后取出在60℃的烘箱内烘干6h,自然干燥24h后用氢氧化钠溶液中和膜表面残余的酸,最后纯水洗涤至膜表面至中性后自然干燥成壳聚糖缓释膜。
进一步的,所述壳聚糖成膜溶液以2%的乙酸溶液200mL,并分别加入2/100mL脱乙酰度85%壳聚糖和2g/100m山梨醇,磁力搅拌器60℃条件下搅拌2h,最后超声波脱气15min。
进一步的,所述多效抗菌纤维杆的制备方法包括以下步骤:
一、准备相应的成型模具,所述成型模具上预留有多个与双效抗菌微球相匹配的多节成型孔;
二、将双效抗菌微球放置于多节成型孔内并合模,取集束后的抗菌纤维对准多节成型孔内插至双效抗菌微球内形成散布纤维分丝;
三、剪去抗菌纤维上延伸出多节成型孔的部分剩余抗菌纤维基杆,然后依次在成型模具外表面上倒入磁性溶液至没入多节成型孔内;
四、多余的磁性溶液从成型模具上边缘预留的漏液孔中流出,80℃下干燥成型得到磁导端头,然后分模取出,即得主动抗菌含银球。
进一步的,所述多节成型孔依次包括一体成型的内半球孔、纤维插孔和赋磁端孔,所述内半球孔与双效抗菌微球相匹配,所述纤维插孔与抗菌纤维基杆相匹配,所述赋磁端孔与磁导端头相匹配。
进一步的,所述抗菌纤维为竹炭纤维,所述磁性溶液包括以下重量份数的原料:磁铁矿粉20-40份、环氧硅烷偶联剂5-15份和纳米银抗菌剂0.25-1份,竹炭纤维是取毛竹为原料,采用了纯氧高温及氮气阻隔延时的煅烧新工艺和新技术,使得竹炭天生具有的微孔更细化和蜂窝化,然后再与具有蜂窝状微孔结构趋势的聚酯改性切片熔融纺丝而制成的,这种独特的纤维结构设计,具有吸湿透气、抑菌抗菌、冬暖夏凉、绿色环保等特点。
3.有益效果
相比于现有技术,本发明的优点在于:
(1)本方案可以实现在传统无纺布被动抗菌的基础上,不仅进一步提高被动抗菌效果,同时可以一定程度的延长抗菌寿命,并对无纺布强度进行一定的提升,而且创新性的引入主动抗菌的概念,通过在复合的无纺布内嵌埋入特殊设置的双效抗菌层,利用主动抗菌含银球对无纺布的自身强度和抗菌性进行增强,并且在多菌环境下用户可以通过物理挤压的方式,促进主动抗菌含银球主动释放出大量的银离子,从而大幅提升在此环境下的抗菌和抑菌效果,对常见的细菌具有极高的灭菌率,本发明基于被动抗菌和主动抗菌的灵活结合,可以充分满足用户在不同环境下的特殊使用。
(2)主动抗菌含银球包括双效抗菌微球和一对多效抗菌纤维杆,且一对多效抗菌纤维杆对称插设于双效抗菌微球上,双效抗菌微球起到储存部分纳米银抗菌剂的作用,在正常状态下逐步向外界环境中缓释实现抗菌效果,一对多效抗菌纤维杆在正常状态下起到对纤维网基布的补强作用,提高无纺布的整体强度,在多菌环境下用户通过挤压无纺布的方式,由多效抗菌纤维杆传递挤压动作至双效抗菌微球,促进其释放储存的纳米银抗菌剂,从而主动提升抗菌效果,且双效抗菌微球自身也具备转移纳米银抗菌剂的能力和一定的抗菌抑菌性和透气吸湿性。
(3)双效抗菌微球包括壳聚糖缓释膜和填充于壳聚糖缓释膜内的储液含银球,且多效抗菌纤维杆贯穿壳聚糖缓释膜并延伸至储液含银球中,储液含银球起到直接储存纳米银抗菌剂的作用,而壳聚糖缓释膜起到包裹储液含银球的作用,避免储液含银球超量向外界环境释放纳米银抗菌剂,其自身也具有生物相容性、无毒性、抑菌等多种生理性质,并且可以控制纳米银粒子的均匀释放,纳米银的抗菌作用能够长期保持,提高无纺布的抗菌能力。
(4)多效抗菌纤维杆包括插设于双效抗菌微球上的抗菌纤维基杆,抗菌纤维基杆远离双效抗菌微球一端包裹有磁导端头,抗菌纤维基杆延伸至双效抗菌微球内的一端连接有多根散布纤维分丝,且散布纤维分丝在双效抗菌微球内呈分散状,抗菌纤维基杆起到直接传动和转移纳米银抗菌剂的作用,也可以对无纺布进行补强作用,磁导端头则方便利用外加磁场进行导向,对主动抗菌含银球进行均匀排布并且以正确姿势嵌于一对纤维网基布之间,散布纤维分丝则可以提高抗菌纤维基杆对纳米银抗菌剂的转移能力,同时可以将挤压动作在储液含银球内进行均匀扩散。
(5)抗菌纤维为竹炭纤维,磁性溶液包括以下重量份数的原料:磁铁矿粉20-40份、环氧硅烷偶联剂5-15份和纳米银抗菌剂0.25-1份,竹炭纤维是取毛竹为原料,采用了纯氧高温及氮气阻隔延时的煅烧新工艺和新技术,使得竹炭天生具有的微孔更细化和蜂窝化,然后再与具有蜂窝状微孔结构趋势的聚酯改性切片熔融纺丝而制成的,这种独特的纤维结构设计,具有吸湿透气、抑菌抗菌、冬暖夏凉、绿色环保等特点。
附图说明
图1为本发明的流程示意图;
图2为本发明抗菌无纺布的结构示意图;
图3为本发明主动抗菌含银球的结构示意图;
图4为本发明主动抗菌含银球的内部结构示意图;
图5为本发明成型模具的结构示意图;
图6为本发明多节成型孔的结构示意图。
图中标号说明:
1纤维网基布、2双效抗菌层、21主动抗菌含银球、3双效抗菌微球、31壳聚糖缓释膜、32储液含银球、4多效抗菌纤维杆、41抗菌纤维基杆、42磁导端头、43散布纤维分丝、5成型模具、6多节成型孔、61内半球孔、62纤维插孔、63赋磁端孔。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述;显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例,基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”、“顶/底端”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“设置有”、“套设/接”、“连接”等,应做广义理解,例如“连接”,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
实施例1:
请参阅图1-2,一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、将原料纤维开松混和,梳理杂乱,整齐排列形成两张纤维网基布1;
S2、将两张纤维网基布1采用雾化的方式喷湿,压实蓬松的纤维网,排除纤维网中的空气;
S3、取多个主动抗菌含银球21铺洒至其中一张纤维网基布1上,然后经过磁场导向后在纤维网基布1上形成均匀排布的双效抗菌层2;
S4、将另外一张纤维网基布1复合至设置有双效抗菌层2的纤维网基布1上,并依次经过水刺机水刺、轧干工艺,织成无纺布;
S5、将制得的无纺布浸渍于纳米银抗菌剂中,烘干后冷却并收卷即得抗菌无纺布成品。
进一步的,原料纤维为聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、棉花纤维、玉米纤维或聚乳酸纤维中的一种或几种。
请参阅图3,主动抗菌含银球21包括双效抗菌微球3和一对多效抗菌纤维杆4,且一对多效抗菌纤维杆4对称插设于双效抗菌微球3上,双效抗菌微球3起到储存部分纳米银抗菌剂的作用,在正常状态下逐步向外界环境中缓释实现抗菌效果,一对多效抗菌纤维杆4在正常状态下起到对纤维网基布1的补强作用,提高无纺布的整体强度,在多菌环境下用户通过挤压无纺布的方式,由多效抗菌纤维杆4传递挤压动作至双效抗菌微球3,促进其释放储存的纳米银抗菌剂,从而主动提升抗菌效果,且双效抗菌微球3自身也具备转移纳米银抗菌剂的能力和一定的抗菌抑菌性和透气吸湿性。
请参阅图4,双效抗菌微球3包括壳聚糖缓释膜31和填充于壳聚糖缓释膜31内的储液含银球32,且多效抗菌纤维杆4贯穿壳聚糖缓释膜31并延伸至储液含银球32中,储液含银球32起到直接储存纳米银抗菌剂的作用,而壳聚糖缓释膜31起到包裹储液含银球32的作用,避免储液含银球32超量向外界环境释放纳米银抗菌剂,其自身也具有生物相容性、无毒性、抑菌等多种生理性质,并且可以控制纳米银粒子的均匀释放,纳米银的抗菌作用能够长期保持,提高无纺布的抗菌能力。
多效抗菌纤维杆4包括插设于双效抗菌微球3上的抗菌纤维基杆41,抗菌纤维基杆41远离双效抗菌微球3一端包裹有磁导端头42,抗菌纤维基杆41延伸至双效抗菌微球3内的一端连接有多根散布纤维分丝43,且散布纤维分丝43在双效抗菌微球3内呈分散状,抗菌纤维基杆41起到直接传动和转移纳米银抗菌剂的作用,也可以对无纺布进行补强作用,磁导端头42则方便利用外加磁场进行导向,对主动抗菌含银球21进行均匀排布并且以正确姿势嵌于一对纤维网基布1之间,散布纤维分丝43则可以提高抗菌纤维基杆41对纳米银抗菌剂的转移能力,同时可以将挤压动作在储液含银球32内进行均匀扩散。
双效抗菌微球3通过将储液含银球32浸渍于壳聚糖成膜溶液中,然后取出在60℃的烘箱内烘干6h,自然干燥24h后用氢氧化钠溶液中和膜表面残余的酸,最后纯水洗涤至膜表面至中性后自然干燥成壳聚糖缓释膜31。
壳聚糖成膜溶液以2%的乙酸溶液200mL,并分别加入2/100mL脱乙酰度85%壳聚糖和2g/100m山梨醇,磁力搅拌器60℃条件下搅拌2h,最后超声波脱气15min。
请参阅图5,多效抗菌纤维杆4的制备方法包括以下步骤:
一、准备相应的成型模具5,成型模具5上预留有多个与双效抗菌微球3相匹配的多节成型孔6;
二、将双效抗菌微球3放置于多节成型孔6内并合模,取集束后的抗菌纤维对准多节成型孔6内插至双效抗菌微球3内形成散布纤维分丝43;
三、剪去抗菌纤维上延伸出多节成型孔6的部分剩余抗菌纤维基杆41,然后依次在成型模具5外表面上倒入磁性溶液至没入多节成型孔6内;
四、多余的磁性溶液从成型模具5上边缘预留的漏液孔中流出,80℃下干燥成型得到磁导端头42,然后分模取出,即得主动抗菌含银球21。
请参阅图6,多节成型孔6依次包括一体成型的内半球孔61、纤维插孔62和赋磁端孔63,内半球孔61与双效抗菌微球3相匹配,纤维插孔62与抗菌纤维基杆41相匹配,赋磁端孔63与磁导端头42相匹配。
抗菌纤维为竹炭纤维,磁性溶液包括以下重量份数的原料:磁铁矿粉20-40份、环氧硅烷偶联剂5-15份和纳米银抗菌剂0.25-1份,竹炭纤维是取毛竹为原料,采用了纯氧高温及氮气阻隔延时的煅烧新工艺和新技术,使得竹炭天生具有的微孔更细化和蜂窝化,然后再与具有蜂窝状微孔结构趋势的聚酯改性切片熔融纺丝而制成的,这种独特的纤维结构设计,具有吸湿透气、抑菌抗菌、冬暖夏凉、绿色环保等特点。
本发明可以实现在传统无纺布被动抗菌的基础上,不仅进一步提高被动抗菌效果,同时可以一定程度的延长抗菌寿命,并对无纺布强度进行一定的提升,而且创新性的引入主动抗菌的概念,通过在复合的无纺布内嵌埋入特殊设置的双效抗菌层2,利用主动抗菌含银球21对无纺布的自身强度和抗菌性进行增强,并且在多菌环境下用户可以通过物理挤压的方式,促进主动抗菌含银球21主动释放出大量的银离子,从而大幅提升在此环境下的抗菌和抑菌效果,对常见的细菌具有极高的灭菌率,本发明基于被动抗菌和主动抗菌的灵活结合,可以充分满足用户在不同环境下的特殊使用。
以上,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式;但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其改进构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1、将原料纤维开松混和,梳理杂乱,整齐排列形成两张纤维网基布(1);
S2、将两张纤维网基布(1)采用雾化的方式喷湿,压实蓬松的纤维网,排除纤维网中的空气;
S3、取多个主动抗菌含银球(21)铺洒至其中一张纤维网基布(1)上,然后经过磁场导向后在纤维网基布(1)上形成均匀排布的双效抗菌层(2);
S4、将另外一张纤维网基布(1)复合至设置有双效抗菌层(2)的纤维网基布(1)上,并依次经过水刺机水刺、轧干工艺,织成无纺布;
S5、将制得的无纺布浸渍于纳米银抗菌剂中,烘干后冷却并收卷即得抗菌无纺布成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述原料纤维为聚酯纤维、粘胶纤维、棉花纤维、玉米纤维或聚乳酸纤维中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述主动抗菌含银球(21)包括双效抗菌微球(3)和一对多效抗菌纤维杆(4),且一对多效抗菌纤维杆(4)对称插设于双效抗菌微球(3)上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述双效抗菌微球(3)包括壳聚糖缓释膜(31)和填充于壳聚糖缓释膜(31)内的储液含银球(32),且多效抗菌纤维杆(4)贯穿壳聚糖缓释膜(31)并延伸至储液含银球(32)中。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述多效抗菌纤维杆(4)包括插设于双效抗菌微球(3)上的抗菌纤维基杆(41),所述抗菌纤维基杆(41)远离双效抗菌微球(3)一端包裹有磁导端头(42),所述抗菌纤维基杆(41)延伸至双效抗菌微球(3)内的一端连接有多根散布纤维分丝(43),且散布纤维分丝(43)在双效抗菌微球(3)内呈分散状。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述双效抗菌微球(3)通过将储液含银球(32)浸渍于壳聚糖成膜溶液中,然后取出在60℃的烘箱内烘干6h,自然干燥24h后用氢氧化钠溶液中和膜表面残余的酸,最后纯水洗涤至膜表面至中性后自然干燥成壳聚糖缓释膜(31)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述壳聚糖成膜溶液以2%的乙酸溶液200mL,并分别加入2/100mL脱乙酰度85%壳聚糖和2g/100m山梨醇,磁力搅拌器60℃条件下搅拌2h,最后超声波脱气15min。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述多效抗菌纤维杆(4)的制备方法包括以下步骤:
一、准备相应的成型模具(5),所述成型模具(5)上预留有多个与双效抗菌微球(3)相匹配的多节成型孔(6);
二、将双效抗菌微球(3)放置于多节成型孔(6)内并合模,取集束后的抗菌纤维对准多节成型孔(6)内插至双效抗菌微球(3)内形成散布纤维分丝(43);
三、剪去抗菌纤维上延伸出多节成型孔(6)的部分剩余抗菌纤维基杆(41),然后依次在成型模具(5)外表面上倒入磁性溶液至没入多节成型孔(6)内;
四、多余的磁性溶液从成型模具(5)上边缘预留的漏液孔中流出,80℃下干燥成型得到磁导端头(42),然后分模取出,即得主动抗菌含银球(21)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述多节成型孔(6)依次包括一体成型的内半球孔(61)、纤维插孔(62)和赋磁端孔(63),所述内半球孔(61)与双效抗菌微球(3)相匹配,所述纤维插孔(62)与抗菌纤维基杆(41)相匹配,所述赋磁端孔(63)与磁导端头(42)相匹配。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种抗菌无纺布的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述抗菌纤维为竹炭纤维,所述磁性溶液包括以下重量份数的原料:磁铁矿粉20-40份、环氧硅烷偶联剂5-15份和纳米银抗菌剂0.25-1份。
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