CN111850434A - Gradient mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Gradient mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111850434A CN111850434A CN202010443570.3A CN202010443570A CN111850434A CN 111850434 A CN111850434 A CN 111850434A CN 202010443570 A CN202010443570 A CN 202010443570A CN 111850434 A CN111850434 A CN 111850434A
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- mix
- reinforced aluminum
- carbon fiber
- matrix composite
- short carbon
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 21
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/04—Light metals
- C22C49/06—Aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/02—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments
- C22C47/04—Pretreatment of the fibres or filaments by coating, e.g. with a protective or activated covering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C47/14—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by powder metallurgy, i.e. by processing mixtures of metal powder and fibres or filaments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gradient mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the gradient mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material comprises a middle mixed material and mixed materials 2, 3 and 4 which are sequentially and symmetrically arranged in the directions of the upper side and the lower side of the middle mixed material; the material comprises 18-25% of SiC, 67-75% of high-purity aluminum and 6-12% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper according to mass percentage; the reinforced aluminum-based composite material provided by the invention has excellent wear resistance and mechanical property, and the technical scheme provided by the invention is simple and low in cost, and can be widely applied to the field of engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aluminum matrix composite, in particular to a gradient mixed reinforced aluminum matrix composite and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The metal matrix composite is a high-performance light material, and has excellent specific strength, specific rigidity, wear resistance and dimensional stability. At present, the traditional metal matrix composite material reinforcing modes mainly comprise particle reinforcing, hybrid reinforcing, fiber reinforcing and the like, and the matrix mainly comprises metal matrixes such as aluminum matrix, magnesium matrix, copper matrix and the like. The discontinuous reinforced metal matrix composite material has the advantages of low cost, simple manufacturing process, excellent mechanical property, easy processing deformation and the like, and is the main development direction of metal matrix composite materials in the future.
The carbon fiber reinforced metal matrix composite material in the prior art can improve the tensile strength of the material and reduce the weight of the material, but the manufacturing cost is relatively high; the silicon carbide ceramic particle reinforced metal matrix composite material has the advantages of low price and simple manufacturing process, can obviously improve the wear resistance of the material, but has poor tensile property.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a reinforced aluminum matrix composite material with excellent wear resistance and mechanical property and a preparation method thereof, and the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the gradient mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material comprises a middle mixed material and mixed materials 2, 3 and 4 which are sequentially and symmetrically arranged in the directions of the upper side and the lower side of the middle mixed material;
the material comprises 18-25% of SiC, 67-75% of aluminum and 6-12% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating according to volume fraction.
Further, the mixed material comprises a mixed material 1, and the mixed material 1 contains 25-28% of SiC, 65-70% of aluminum with 150+270 meshes and 6-8% of aluminum with 270 meshes in percentage by volume.
Further, the mixture 2 contains 90.2% of the mixture 1 and 9.8% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating according to volume fraction.
Further, the mix 3 contains 75.4% of the mix 1 and 24.6% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating by volume fraction.
Further, the mix 4 contains 69.7% of the mix 1 and 30.3% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating by volume fraction.
The preparation method of the reinforced aluminum-based composite material comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a mixture 1;
2) preparing a mixed material of the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating and the mixed material 1;
3) molding;
4) the resulting molded article is treated.
Further, the step 2) comprises mixing the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating with the mixture 1 for 30-60min to obtain mixtures 2, 3 and 4.
Further, the mixture is added under the pressure of 10-30MPa when the mixture is formed in the step 3).
Further, the step 4) comprises:
a) maintaining the pressure of the formed product at 60-100MPa for 40-80 seconds, and then maintaining the pressure at 200-300MPa for 100-180 seconds;
b) sintering for 3-5h in high-purity Ar atmosphere at 500-800 ℃, and then cooling along with the furnace.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following excellent effects:
1) the reinforced aluminum-based composite material provided by the invention realizes the combination of high wear resistance and mechanical property by introducing the silicon carbide gradient mixed short carbon fiber, the friction coefficient of the composite material reaches 0.26, the tensile strength reaches 220MPa, the yield strength reaches 112MPa, the elastic modulus reaches 102GPa, and the distributed hardness reaches 120 HBW.
2) The reinforced aluminum-based composite material provided by the invention has low internal stress in the preparation process, has few material tissue defects, has the density of 94 percent and the density of 2.77g/cm2, and can be widely applied to the engineering field.
3) The technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages of low production cost, simple preparation process, convenience for popularization and obvious engineering practical application significance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a reinforced aluminum matrix composite provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
1, mixing material: mixing 27.2% of SiC powder, 65.2% of aluminum powder of 150-270 meshes and 7.6% of aluminum powder of 270-150 meshes on a mixer for 80min to obtain a mixture 1;
mixing the mixture 2, namely mixing the mixture 1 with the volume fraction of 90.2% and the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating powder with the volume fraction of 9.8% on a mixer for 30min to obtain a mixture 2;
and (3) mixing material: mixing the mixture 1 with volume fraction of 75.4% and the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating powder with volume fraction of 24.6% on a mixer for 30min to obtain a mixture 3;
and (4) mixing material: and mixing the mixed material 1 with the volume fraction of 69.7% and the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating powder with the volume fraction of 30.3% on a mixer for 30min to obtain a mixed material 4.
And (3) sequentially putting the mixed materials into a die, uniformly spreading the powder in the die by using a special distributor according to a proportion, and loading a pressure of 20MPa after adding different powders each time to ensure that the powders are not loosely mixed. And after the addition is finished, putting the mixture into a mold for pressurization, slowly pressurizing to 80MPa in the first stage for 40 seconds, and pressurizing to 200MPa in the second stage for 120 seconds. And after pressing, putting the blank into a rapid heating electric furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering environment is carried out under the protective atmosphere of high-purity Ar, the sintering temperature is 600 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, and cooling along with the furnace.
Example 2
1, mixing material: mixing 19.4% of SiC powder, 75.2% of aluminum powder of 150-270 meshes and 5.4% of aluminum powder of 270-150 meshes for 80min on a mixer to obtain a mixture 1;
mixing the mixture 2, namely mixing the mixture 1 with the volume fraction of 90.2% and the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating powder with the volume fraction of 9.8% on a mixer for 30min to obtain a mixture 2;
and (3) mixing material: mixing the mixture 1 with volume fraction of 75.4% and the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating powder with volume fraction of 24.6% on a mixer for 30min to obtain a mixture 3;
and (4) mixing material: and mixing the mixed material 1 with the volume fraction of 69.7% and the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating powder with the volume fraction of 30.3% on a mixer for 40min to obtain a mixed material 4.
And sequentially putting the mixed materials into a die, uniformly spreading the powder in the die by using a special distributor according to a proportion, and loading a pressure of 30MPa after adding different powders each time to ensure that the powders are not loosely mixed. And after the addition is finished, putting the mixture into a mold for pressurization, slowly pressurizing to 100MPa in the first stage for 40 seconds, and pressurizing to 220MPa in the second stage for 120 seconds. And after pressing, putting the blank into a rapid heating electric furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering environment is carried out under the protective atmosphere of high-purity Ar, the sintering temperature is 650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, and cooling along with the furnace.
Example 3:
1, mixing material: mixing 20.5% of SiC powder, 68.2% of aluminum powder of-150 +270 meshes and 11.5% of aluminum powder of-270 meshes on a mixer for 80min to obtain a mixture 1;
mixing the mixture 2, namely mixing the mixture 1 with the volume fraction of 90.2% and the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating powder with the volume fraction of 9.8% on a mixer for 30min to obtain a mixture 2;
and (3) mixing material: mixing the mixture 1 with volume fraction of 75.4% and the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating powder with volume fraction of 24.6% on a mixer for 45min to obtain a mixture 3;
and (4) mixing material: and mixing the mixed material 1 with the volume fraction of 69.7% and the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating powder with the volume fraction of 30.3% on a mixer for 60min to obtain a mixed material 4.
And sequentially putting the mixed materials into a die, uniformly spreading the powder in the die by using a special distributor according to a proportion, and loading a pressure of 30MPa after adding different powders each time to ensure that the powders are not loosely mixed. And after the addition is finished, putting the mixture into a mold for pressurization, slowly pressurizing to 80MPa in the first stage for 80 seconds, and pressurizing to 300MPa in the second stage for 180 seconds. And after pressing, putting the blank into a rapid heating electric furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering environment is carried out under the protective atmosphere of high-purity Ar, the sintering temperature is 650 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4 hours, and cooling along with the furnace.
The invention combines the prior material design and preparation technical basis, provides a silicon carbide gradient mixed short carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite and a preparation method thereof, gives full play to the performance advantages of each component, improves the mechanical performance of the material, has the performance parameters of each embodiment shown in the table I, has low production cost, and has wide development and application prospects in the engineering field.
Table one example Performance parameters
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the scope of the claims of the present invention which are filed as the application.
Claims (9)
1. The gradient mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material is characterized by comprising a middle mixture and mixtures 2, 3 and 4 which are sequentially and symmetrically arranged in the directions of the upper side and the lower side of the middle mixture;
the material comprises 18-25% of SiC, 67-75% of aluminum and 6-12% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating according to volume fraction.
2. The reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein the mix comprises mix 1, the mix 1 containing 25-28% SiC by volume fraction, -150+270 mesh aluminum 65-70% and-270 mesh aluminum 6-8%.
3. The reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1 wherein said mix 2 contains, in volume fraction, 90.2% of said mix 1 and 9.8% of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating.
4. The reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1 wherein said mix 3 contains 75.4% by volume of said mix 1 and 24.6% by volume of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating.
5. The reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1 wherein said mix 4 contains 69.7% by volume of said mix 1 and 30.3% by volume of short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating.
6. A method for the preparation of a reinforced aluminium matrix composite according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that it comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a mixture 1;
2) preparing a mixed material of the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating and the mixed material 1;
3) molding;
4) the resulting molded article is treated.
7. The method for preparing the reinforced aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 6, wherein the step 2) comprises mixing the short carbon fiber nickel/copper plating with the mixed material 1 for 30-60min to obtain mixed materials 2, 3 and 4.
8. The method for preparing a reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 6, wherein the mixture is added under 10-30MPa during the forming in step 3).
9. The method for preparing a reinforced aluminum matrix composite according to claim 6, wherein the step 4) comprises:
a) maintaining the pressure of the formed product at 60-100MPa for 40-80 seconds, and then maintaining the pressure at 200-300MPa for 100-180 seconds;
b) sintering for 3-5h in high-purity Ar atmosphere at 500-800 ℃, and then cooling along with the furnace.
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| CN202010443570.3A CN111850434A (en) | 2020-05-22 | 2020-05-22 | Gradient mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202010443570.3A CN111850434A (en) | 2020-05-22 | 2020-05-22 | Gradient mixed reinforced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0692745A (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1994-04-05 | Ube Ind Ltd | Ceramic composite material reinforced with silicon carbides inorganic fiber |
| CN107379661A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-24 | 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 | A kind of more metal hybrid ceramic matric composites |
| CN108203794A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-26 | 中南大学 | A kind of short carbon fiber aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN109680228A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-04-26 | 中南大学 | A kind of preparation method of carbon-reinforced metal base composite material |
| CN110484840A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-22 | 曹运福 | A kind of preparation method of carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
-
2020
- 2020-05-22 CN CN202010443570.3A patent/CN111850434A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0692745A (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1994-04-05 | Ube Ind Ltd | Ceramic composite material reinforced with silicon carbides inorganic fiber |
| CN107379661A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-24 | 苏州宏久航空防热材料科技有限公司 | A kind of more metal hybrid ceramic matric composites |
| CN108203794A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-26 | 中南大学 | A kind of short carbon fiber aluminum matrix composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN109680228A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-04-26 | 中南大学 | A kind of preparation method of carbon-reinforced metal base composite material |
| CN110484840A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-22 | 曹运福 | A kind of preparation method of carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 王飞舟;杨瑞宾;张云杰;谭欣荣;刘小方;刘忠侠;: "热压对短碳纤维增强2024复合材料组织和性能影响", 特种铸造及有色合金, no. 09, 20 September 2017 (2017-09-20), pages 1002 - 1005 * |
| 陶晓东, 施忠良, 顾明元: "SiC_P 和短碳纤维混杂增强 ZA27 复合材料界面微结构研究", 复合材料学报, no. 03, 30 August 1997 (1997-08-30), pages 20 - 24 * |
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