CN111850239A - LF furnace refining method for smelting phosphorus-containing steel by using converter high-phosphorus slag - Google Patents
LF furnace refining method for smelting phosphorus-containing steel by using converter high-phosphorus slag Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
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Abstract
The invention discloses an LF furnace refining method for smelting phosphorus-containing steel by using converter high-phosphorus slag, which mainly comprises the following steps: (1) adding converter high-phosphorus slag and lime into a steel ladle to control the alkalinity R of the top slag of the steel ladle to be 2.0-2.5; (2) feeding Al wire molten steel for deep deoxidation, and diffusing and deoxidizing agent on the slag surface to produce reducing slag, thereby obtaining the reducing slag containing the following components: SiO 22:13‑18%,MnO≤2%,FeO≤1%,CaO:30‑35%,Al2O3: 23-33%, and the rest is MgO and impurities; (3) adding aluminum for deoxidation, reduction and recovery of P, Mn, Fe and other elements, and after smelting, stably increasing the content of P in the molten steel by 0.010-0.015 percent and increasing the content of Mn, Si and Fe; the method reasonably applies the converter high-phosphorus slag to the production of phosphorus-containing steel by fully researching the converter high-phosphorus slag and the LF furnace refining process, achieves the purposes of saving cost, reducing consumption and reasonably recycling resources, and is suitable for wide popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel material smelting, in particular to an LF furnace refining method for smelting phosphorus-containing steel by using converter high-phosphorus slag.
Background
The phosphorus-containing waste residue at the earlier stage of the converter refers to the slag poured at the end of the earlier stage of blowing (namely, the silicomanganese oxidation period) in the smelting process of the converter, and the composition of the waste residue at the earlier stage of the converter is analyzed to find that the waste residue is rich in P2O5、SiO2The chemical components such as MnO, FeO, CaO and the like have the following main component content ranges: w (P)2O5)%≥1.5%,w(SiO2) % of 13-18%, w (MnO) of 6-10%, w (FeO) of 12-15%, w (CaO) of 30-35%, and the rest of the slag is Al2O3And MgO. Because the early-stage waste residue P has higher content and is a harmful element to the conventional steel grade, the high-phosphorus waste residue is rarely directly recycled during steelmaking. The mechanism of the generation of the phosphorus-containing waste residue of the converter is as follows: in the smelting process of the converter, the dephosphorization reaction occurs at the steel slag interface, and the reaction formula is as follows: 2[ P ]]+5(FeO)+4(CaO)=(4CaO•P2O5) +5Fe, 4 CaO.P produced2O5Into the slag, which is also a source of phosphorus in the high phosphorus slag. In general, the high-phosphorus slag after dephosphorization in converter smelting is used as a waste material and cannot be used for the second time in converter smelting or LF ladle refining.
However, in the case of conventional steel grades, P is a harmful element, but when phosphorus-containing steel grades are smelted, P is an element to be added. In the prior production process, when the phosphorus-containing steel grade is produced, the P element is added in a form of ferrophosphorus alloy, and the additional production cost is increased. Therefore, a new smelting method is developed, the phosphorus-containing waste residues at the earlier stage of the converter can be used in the smelting process of the phosphorus-containing steel, the phosphorus-containing waste residues are recycled, and a new low-cost smelting process design idea is provided for smelting the phosphorus-containing steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an LF furnace refining method for smelting phosphorus-containing steel by using converter high-phosphorus slag, aiming at the problems that the high-phosphorus slag generated in the earlier stage of converter smelting is generally treated as smelting waste slag in the current steel production process, the effective components in the high-phosphorus slag are not reasonably utilized, and phosphorus-containing steel is required to be added with ferrophosphorus alloy separately in the smelting process, so that the cost is higher.
The invention relates to an LF furnace refining method for smelting phosphorus-containing steel by using converter high-phosphorus slag, wherein the converter high-phosphorus slag refers to slag poured out at the earlier stage of converter smelting, namely the end of a silicomanganese oxidation period, and the converter high-phosphorus slag contains the following chemical components in percentage by mass: p2O5≥1.5%,SiO2: 13-18%, MnO: 6-10%, FeO: 12-15%, CaO: 30-35% of Al2O3MgO and unavoidable impurities; the alkalinity of the slag is 1.9 to 2.3; the LF furnace refining method for smelting phosphorus-containing steel by using converter high-phosphorus slag is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) adding converter high-phosphorus slag and lime into steel ladle
Adding 3-5.3kg/t molten steel converter high-phosphorus slag at the early stage of the LF furnace refining process, adding 1.5-3kg/t molten steel lime, and controlling the alkalinity R of ladle top slag to be 2.0-2.5 after adding the converter high-phosphorus slag and the lime;
(2) al wire feeding molten steel deep deoxidation, deoxidant diffusion deoxidation on slag surface to produce reducing slag
Firstly adding 400-600m of Al wire into a ladle to complete deep deoxidation of molten steel, then adding 1-2kg/t of molten steel of Al particles and 0.5-1kg/t of molten steel of ferrosilicon powder, and after finishing diffusion deoxidation by a deoxidizer, forming reducing slag after deoxidation, wherein the reducing slag contains the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 22:13-18%,MnO≤2%,FeO≤1%,CaO:30-35%,Al2O3: 23-33%, and the others are MgO and unavoidable impurities;
(3) recovering P, Mn, Si and Fe elements by adding aluminium to deoxidize and reduce
Adding 600m of aluminum wire 400-one, 1-2kg/t molten steel of aluminum particles and 0.5-1kg/t molten steel of ferrosilicon powder into the steel ladle in a quantitative manner, stably recovering P, Mn, Si and Fe elements after white slag is formed, and after smelting is finished, through analysis of smelting components, increasing the P content by 0.010-0.015% in the molten steel, increasing the Mn content by 0.08-0.10%, increasing the Si content by 0.05-0.10% and increasing the Fe content by 0.50-0.60%.
The invention is made under the condition of fully researching the reaction mechanism of converter smelting and LF ladle refining, and dephosphorization is carried out in the conventional converter smelting processThe reaction is one of the basic reactions of a converter, the dephosphorization reaction is carried out at a steel slag interface, and the reaction formula is as follows: 2[ P ]]+5(FeO)+4(CaO)=(4CaO•P2O5) +5Fe, 4 CaO.P produced2O5Into the slag, which is also a source of phosphorus in the high phosphorus slag.
The LF ladle refining is a conventional refining means, the LF furnace ladle refining is a reduction process, and ferrosilicon powder is added for deoxidizing molten steel and furnace slag to produce reducing slag (namely white slag refining); such as adding 4 CaO-rich calcium phosphate into ladle in the refining process2O5The 4 CaO.P in the slag can be deoxidized by the ferrosilicon powder2O5Decomposition, the specific reaction formula is as follows:
2[O]+[Si]=(SiO2),
deoxidation product SiO2Enters the slag, reduces the alkalinity of the slag, and simultaneously (4 CaO. P) in the slag2O5) Is decomposed according to the following reaction formula:
(4CaO•P2O5)+2(SiO2)=2(2CaO•SiO2)+(P2O5),
into slag (P)2O5) Is easily reduced by deoxidizing elements (Al and Si), and is easily reduced by aluminum, silicon and slag (P)2O5) The reaction has the following specific reaction formula:
3(P2O5)+10Al=5(Al2O3)+6[P],
2(P2O5)+5Si=5(SiO2)+4[P],
the phosphorus content in the molten steel can be increased when P enters the molten steel, meanwhile, the dephosphorization reaction is a reversible reaction, the amount of O in the steel is reduced by adding aluminum and silicon for deoxidation, so that the amount of Fe0 in the slag is reduced, and the dephosphorization reaction is carried out in the opposite direction to cause P to return to the molten steel;
in addition, the high-phosphorus slag is rich in 4 CaO.P2O5In addition, the content of (MnO) in the slag is high, according to the inspection data, w (MnO) percent in the slag is 6-10%, aluminum deoxidation is adopted, and the (MnO), (FeO) and (SiO) in the slag can be prepared in the process of reducing the slag2) Reduction, [ Mn ]]、[Si]、[Fe]Returning to the molten steel to increase the content of Mn in the molten steel]%、w[Si]%、w[Fe]Percent, the specific reaction formula is as follows:
2Al+3(MnO)=(Al2O3)+3[Mn],
4Al+3(SiO2)=2(Al2O3)+6[Si],
2Al+3(FeO)=(Al2O3)+3[Fe],
therefore, by researching the refining process of the LF furnace, the converter high-phosphorus slag is added into the LF furnace to participate in refining, and elements such as P, Mn, Si, Fe and the like in the slag can be reduced to enter molten steel.
Based on the mechanism that P in the slag returns to enter molten steel, the invention provides an LF furnace refining method for recovering converter high-phosphorus slag to smelt phosphorus-containing steel, which uses the high-phosphorus waste slag in the earlier stage of converter smelting (at the end of the silicomanganese oxidation period) and the converter high-phosphorus slag (P)2O5) The content is up to more than 1.5 percent, the high phosphorus slag can be added into a steel ladle during the refining of an LF furnace in a hot state or cold state mode, P element is reduced when aluminum particles and ferrosilicon powder are added during the refining of the LF furnace to manufacture reducing slag, and the P element is reduced and then enters molten steel to complete the P element]Alloying, and reducing the dosage of ferrophosphorus alloy elements, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the production cost of the phosphorus-containing steel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method has the advantages that the high-phosphorus slag smelted by the converter is reasonably recycled, so that the production cost of phosphorus-containing steel is reduced;
(2) the consumption of slagging agent and lime of the LF furnace is saved, the consumption of alloys such as ferrophosphorus, ferromanganese and the like is saved, and the stable yield of the alloys such as P, Mn, Si, Fe and the like in the smelting process of the LF furnace is realized;
(3) the production cost is reduced, the steel loss is reduced, the yield of the molten steel is improved, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are obvious.
The method provided by the invention is to use the converter smelting high-phosphorus slag in the LF refining process of phosphorus-containing steel by researching the high-phosphorus slag in the converter smelting production process and the LF refining process, so that the purposes of saving cost, reducing consumption and reasonably recycling resources are achieved, and the method is suitable for wide popularization and application.
Detailed Description
In order to better explain the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples, which are only exemplary to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any way.
Example 1
In this embodiment, in the LF furnace incoming molten steel, the content of P is 0.030%, the content of Mn is 0.60%, the content of Si is 0.20%, and the content of Fe is 95.50%, in the LF furnace refining method for phosphorus-containing steel in this embodiment, the used converter high-phosphorus slag refers to slag poured out at the earlier stage of converter smelting, that is, at the end of a silicomanganese oxidation period, and the converter high-phosphorus slag contains the following chemical components by mass: p2O5:1.6%,SiO2: 13%, MnO: 6%, FeO: 12%, CaO: 30 percent, the slag alkalinity is 2.3, and the rest is Al2O3MgO and unavoidable impurities; the LF furnace refining method in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding converter high-phosphorus slag and lime into steel ladle
Adding 3kg/t molten steel converter high-phosphorus slag at the early stage of the LF furnace refining process, adding 1.5kg/t molten steel lime, and controlling the alkalinity R of ladle top slag to be 2.0 after adding the converter high-phosphorus slag and the lime;
(2) al wire feeding molten steel deep deoxidation, deoxidant diffusion deoxidation on slag surface to produce reducing slag
Adding an Al wire 400m into a steel ladle to complete molten steel deep deoxidation, then adding 1kg/t of Al particles and 0.5kg/t of ferrosilicon powder into the steel ladle, and after a deoxidizing agent completes diffusion deoxidation, forming reducing slag which contains the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 22:13%,MnO:2%,FeO:1%,CaO:30%,Al2O3: 23%, and the others are MgO and unavoidable impurities;
(3) recovering P, Mn and other chemical elements by deoxidation and reduction of added aluminium
Adding 400m of aluminum wires, 1kg/t of molten steel of aluminum particles and 0.5kg/t of molten silicon iron powder into a steel ladle in a quantitative mode, stably recovering P, Mn, Si and Fe elements after white slag is formed, and analyzing smelting components, wherein the content of P in the molten steel is increased to 0.040%, the content of Mn is increased to 0.68%, the content of Si is increased to 0.25% and the content of Fe is increased to 96%.
The smelting method of the embodiment 1 shows that 3kg/t of converter high-phosphorus slag is added into a ladle of an LF furnace, the content of P in molten steel discharged from the LF furnace is increased by 0.010%, the content of Mn in the molten steel is increased by 0.08%, the content of Si is increased by 0.05%, and the content of Fe is increased by 0.50%, so that the aim of increasing the content of phosphorus in the molten steel by using the high-phosphorus slag is fulfilled, and valuable metal elements such as Mn, Si, Fe and the like are secondarily collected, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the content of P in the molten steel entering the LF furnace is 0.031%, the content of Mn is 0.61%, the content of Si is 0.21%, and the content of Fe is 95.6%, in the LF furnace refining method for phosphorus-containing steel in this embodiment, the used converter high-phosphorus slag refers to slag poured out at the earlier stage of converter smelting, that is, at the end of a silicomanganese oxidation period, and the converter high-phosphorus slag contains the following chemical components by mass: p2O5:1.8%,SiO2: 15%, MnO: 8%, FeO: 14%, CaO: 33 percent, the slag alkalinity is 2.2, and the balance is Al2O3MgO and unavoidable impurities; the LF furnace refining method in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding converter high-phosphorus slag and lime into steel ladle
Adding 4kg/t molten steel converter high-phosphorus slag at the early stage of the LF furnace refining process, adding 2.2kg/t molten steel lime, and controlling the alkalinity R of ladle top slag to be 2.2 after adding the converter high-phosphorus slag and the lime;
(2) al wire feeding molten steel deep deoxidation, deoxidant diffusion deoxidation on slag surface to produce reducing slag
Adding 500m of Al wire into a ladle to complete deep deoxidation of molten steel, then adding 1.5kg/t of Al molten steel and 0.7kg/t of ferrosilicon powder into the ladle, and after finishing diffusion deoxidation by a deoxidizer, forming reducing slag after deoxidation, wherein the reducing slag contains the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 22:15%,MnO:1.5%,FeO:0.8%,CaO:33%,Al2O3: 26% by weight, and the balance MgO and inevitable impurities;
(3) Recovering P, Mn and other chemical elements by deoxidation and reduction of added aluminium
The method comprises the steps of quantitatively adding 500m of aluminum wires, 1.5kg/t of molten steel of aluminum particles and 0.7kg/t of molten silicon iron powder into a steel ladle, stably recovering P, Mn, Si and Fe elements after white slag is formed, and analyzing smelting components, wherein the content of P in the molten steel is increased to 0.043%, the content of Mn is increased to 0.70%, the content of Si is increased to 0.28% and the content of Fe is increased to 96.15%.
The smelting method of the embodiment 2 shows that 4kg/t of converter high-phosphorus slag is added into a ladle of the LF furnace, the P content in the molten steel discharged from the LF furnace is increased by 0.012%, the Mn content in the molten steel is increased by 0.09%, the Si content is increased by 0.07%, and the Fe content is increased by 0.55%, so that the aim of increasing the phosphorus content in the molten steel by using the high-phosphorus slag is fulfilled, and valuable metal elements such as Mn, Si, Fe and the like are secondarily collected, and the economic benefit is obvious.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the content of P in the molten steel entering the LF furnace is 0.032%, the content of Mn is 0.62%, the content of Si is 0.22%, and the content of Fe is 95.7%, in the LF furnace refining method for phosphorus-containing steel in this embodiment, the used converter high-phosphorus slag refers to slag poured out at the earlier stage of converter smelting, that is, at the end of a silicomanganese oxidation period, and the converter high-phosphorus slag contains the following chemical components by mass: p2O5:1.9%,SiO2: 18%, MnO: 10%, FeO: 15%, CaO: 35%, slag basicity of 1.9 and the balance of Al2O3MgO and unavoidable impurities; the LF furnace refining method in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) adding converter high-phosphorus slag and lime into steel ladle
Adding 5.3kg/t molten steel converter high-phosphorus slag at the early stage of the LF furnace refining process, adding 3kg/t molten steel lime as an auxiliary material, and controlling the alkalinity R of ladle top slag to be 2.5 after adding the converter high-phosphorus slag and the lime;
(2) al wire feeding molten steel deep deoxidation, deoxidant diffusion deoxidation on slag surface to produce reducing slag
Adding 600m of Al wire into a steel ladle to complete deep deoxidation of molten steel, then adding 2kg/t of Al particles and 1kg/t of ferrosilicon powder into the steel ladle, and waiting for a deoxidizerAnd finishing diffusion deoxidation, and forming reducing slag after deoxidation, wherein the reducing slag contains the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 22:18%,MnO:0.7%,FeO:0.4%,CaO:35%,Al2O3: 33%, and the others are MgO and unavoidable impurities;
(3) recovering P, Mn and other chemical elements by deoxidation and reduction of added aluminium
600m of aluminum wires, 2kg/t of molten steel of aluminum particles and 1kg/t of molten silicon iron powder are quantitatively added into a steel ladle, after white slag is formed, P, Mn, Si and Fe elements can be stably recovered, and through analysis of smelting components, the content of P in the molten steel is increased to 0.046%, the content of Mn is increased to 0.72%, the content of Si is increased to 0.32% and the content of Fe is increased to 96.3%.
The smelting method of the embodiment 3 shows that 4kg/t of converter high-phosphorus slag is added into the ladle of the LF furnace, the P content in the molten steel discharged from the LF furnace is increased by 0.015%, the Mn content in the molten steel is increased by 0.10%, the Si content is increased by 0.10%, and the Fe content is increased by 0.60%, so that the aim of increasing the phosphorus content in the molten steel by using the high-phosphorus slag is fulfilled, and valuable metal elements such as Mn, Si, Fe and the like are secondarily collected, and the economic benefit is obvious.
Comparative example 1
According to the conventional method, the LF refining process is carried out without adding converter high-phosphorus slag, the P content of incoming molten steel is 0.030 percent, and the P content of outgoing molten steel is 0.030-0.031 percent. The details are shown in Table 1 below.
Table 1: results of LF refining of converter-added high phosphorus slag of examples 1-3 were compared with conventional LF refining of comparative example 1
From the above table 1, it can be seen that the method of the present invention can stably recover P, and simultaneously reduce the elements of Mn, Si, Fe, etc. in the slag to enter the molten steel and complete alloying, and can directly reduce the consumption of functional alloy materials such as ferrophosphorus, ferromanganese, etc., while the yield is limited by the conventional LF refining method, which illustrates the scientific rationality of the method of the present invention in applying the converter blast furnace slag to the LF refining process of phosphorus-containing steel.
Claims (3)
1. The LF furnace refining method for smelting phosphorus-containing steel by using converter high-phosphorus slag comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: p2O5≥1.5%,SiO2: 13-18%, MnO: 6-10%, FeO: 12-15%, CaO: 30-35% of Al2O3MgO and unavoidable impurities; the alkalinity of the slag is 1.9 to 2.3; the LF furnace refining method for smelting phosphorus-containing steel by using converter high-phosphorus slag is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) adding converter high-phosphorus slag and lime into steel ladle
Adding 3-5.3kg/t molten steel converter high-phosphorus slag at the early stage of the LF furnace refining process, adding 1.5-3kg/t molten steel lime, and controlling the alkalinity R of ladle top slag to be 2.0-2.5 after adding the converter high-phosphorus slag and the lime;
(2) al wire feeding molten steel deep deoxidation, deoxidant diffusion deoxidation on slag surface to produce reducing slag
Firstly adding 400-600m of Al wire into a ladle to complete deep deoxidation of molten steel, then adding 1-2kg/t of molten steel of Al particles and 0.5-1kg/t of molten steel of ferrosilicon powder, and after finishing diffusion deoxidation by a deoxidizer, forming reducing slag after deoxidation, wherein the reducing slag contains the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO 22:13-18%,MnO≤2%,FeO≤1%,CaO:30-35%,Al2O3: 23-33%, and the others are MgO and unavoidable impurities;
(3) recovering P, Mn, Si and Fe elements by adding aluminium to deoxidize and reduce
Adding 600m of aluminum wire 400-one, 1-2kg/t molten steel of aluminum particles and 0.5-1kg/t molten steel of ferrosilicon powder into the steel ladle in a quantitative manner, stably recovering P, Mn, Si and Fe elements after white slag is formed, and after smelting is finished, through analysis of smelting components, increasing the P content by 0.010-0.015% in the molten steel, increasing the Mn content by 0.08-0.10%, increasing the Si content by 0.05-0.10% and increasing the Fe content by 0.50-0.60%.
2. The LF furnace refining method for smelting phosphorus-containing steel by using converter high-phosphorus slag according to claim 1, wherein the refining method comprises the following steps: the converter high-phosphorus slag refers to slag poured out at the early stage of converter smelting, namely at the end of the silicon-manganese oxidation period.
3. The LF furnace refining method for smelting phosphorus-containing steel by using converter high-phosphorus slag according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the refining method comprises the following steps: and the converter high-phosphorus slag is added into an LF refining ladle in a hot state or a cold state.
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CN114934149A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-23 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Method for recycling steelmaking solid waste |
CN115305313A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-11-08 | 宝武集团鄂城钢铁有限公司 | Converter slag melting agent and preparation method and application thereof |
CN115595493A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-01-13 | 华北理工大学(Cn) | Method for smelting low-phosphorus high-manganese steel based on ferromanganese reduction dephosphorization |
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CN114934149B (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-10-03 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Recycling method of steelmaking solid waste |
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CN115595493A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-01-13 | 华北理工大学(Cn) | Method for smelting low-phosphorus high-manganese steel based on ferromanganese reduction dephosphorization |
CN115595493B (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-06-20 | 华北理工大学 | Method for smelting low-phosphorus high-manganese steel based on ferromanganese reduction dephosphorization |
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