CN114737105A - Smelting method for producing sulfur-containing steel by using low-sulfur molten iron - Google Patents

Smelting method for producing sulfur-containing steel by using low-sulfur molten iron Download PDF

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CN114737105A
CN114737105A CN202210312481.4A CN202210312481A CN114737105A CN 114737105 A CN114737105 A CN 114737105A CN 202210312481 A CN202210312481 A CN 202210312481A CN 114737105 A CN114737105 A CN 114737105A
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sulfur
slag
steel
low
molten steel
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CN114737105B (en
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印传磊
郑力宁
蒋栋初
翟万里
刘从德
马庆丰
李润
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Jiangsu Lihuai Steel Co ltd
Jiangsu Shagang Group Huaigang Special Steel Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Lihuai Steel Co ltd
Jiangsu Shagang Group Huaigang Special Steel Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a smelting method for producing sulfur-containing steel by using low-sulfur molten iron, which comprises the following steps: performing aluminum deoxidation on molten steel in the tapping process of a primary smelting furnace (electric furnace/converter), adding alloys such as ferrosulfur and the like for alloying, and adding quartz sand, premelted refining slag and lime to prepare low-alkalinity slag; and performing slag surface composite diffusion deoxidation operation in the LF refining process. The invention improves the sulfur content of the molten steel by adding sulfur iron in the tapping process, solves the problem of low initial sulfur content of the molten steel caused by low sulfur content of the molten steel, and simultaneously adopts strong aluminum deoxidation and low alkalinity slag manufacture, the desulfurization amount in the LF refining process is less than 0.010 percent, thereby ensuring the stable sulfur content of the molten steel.

Description

Smelting method for producing sulfur-containing steel by using low-sulfur molten iron
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a smelting method for producing sulfur-containing steel by using low-sulfur molten iron.
Background
With the rapid development of the steel smelting industry in China, a plurality of special sulfur-containing steels are developed, but the current production process technology for the special sulfur-containing steels is still in a groping stage, and particularly, the control technology for the sulfur content in molten steel is not mature and stable enough, and the production quality and the cost control level are poor.
For example, in a method for controlling the sulfur content in steel disclosed in patent CN201510358287 and a method for smelting sulfur-containing steel disclosed in patent CN201510158044, high-sulfur molten iron is selected, sulfur is added to the molten steel by feeding sulfur in the refining production process, and slag removal and desulfurization are reduced by VD. Patent CN201510095647 discloses a smelting process for aluminum-containing and sulfur-containing gear steel, which is characterized in that desulfurization is carried out firstly and then sulfur is added in the production process, so that the production cost is increased, and the sulfur addition in the later stage of refining is not beneficial to the control of the purity of molten steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems that the initial sulfur content of molten steel is unstable and the purity of steel is influenced due to the unstable sulfur content of the molten iron for the primary smelting furnace, the smelting method for producing the sulfur-containing steel by using the low-sulfur molten iron is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a smelting method for producing sulfur-containing steel by using low-sulfur molten iron comprises the following steps:
1) using molten iron and waste steel as raw materials, smelting by adopting a primary smelting furnace (electric furnace/converter), deoxidizing and alloying the molten steel in the tapping process, and adding quartz sand, premelted refining slag and lime to prepare low-alkalinity slag; the sulfur content of the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.045%;
2) performing composite diffusion deoxidation on the slag surface in the LF refining process, wherein the diffusion deoxidation on the slag surface is performed on calcium carbide and silicon carbide;
3) and after the molten steel refining is finished, firstly, carrying out vacuum treatment and then carrying out soft blowing, and secondly, directly carrying out soft blowing.
The further improvement scheme of the invention is that in the step 1), molten steel aluminum deoxidation is as follows: when the tapping amount is 10 t-30 t, adding 1.1 kg/t-1.7 kg/t aluminum blocks for deoxidation according to the free oxygen content of the molten steel at the end point.
In a further improvement scheme of the invention, in the step 1), the molten steel is alloyed into the following components: according to the initial sulfur content of the molten steel, when the steel tapping amount is 20 t-40 t, the ferro-sulphur alloy is added, and the w ([ S ]) = the target value of the finished product +0.010% -0.020% at the refining station is ensured.
The further improvement scheme of the invention is that in the step 1), quartz sand, premelted refining slag and lime are used, the quartz sand → the premelted refining slag → the lime are added into a ladle in sequence before tapping, the dosage is 1:2:4, and the dosage of the quartz sand is 1.2 kg/t-2.4 kg/t.
Further, the LF inbound slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:w(CaO)=45%～60%，w(SiO2)=8%～14%，w(MgO)=4%～9%、w(Al2O3) And = 20% -30%, and the binary basicity of the slag R = 3-6.
The further improvement scheme of the invention is that in the step 2), the slag surface diffusion deoxidation is carried out by calcium carbide and silicon carbide: the dosage of the silicon carbide is 0.6 kg/t-1.8 kg/t, and the dosage ratio of the silicon carbide to the calcium carbide is 2: 1-3: 1.
Further, controlling the final slag of the refining slagw(CaO)=40%～55%，w(SiO2)=10%～17%，w(MgO)=5%～11%、w(Al2O3) And = 22% -35%, and the binary alkalinity R of the slag = 2-5.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the smelting method for producing the sulfur-containing steel by using the low-sulfur molten iron, the sulfur content in the molten steel is more uniform through increasing the sulfur in the tapping process, the sulfur in the molten steel is homogenized, and the uniform fraction of sulfide in a casting blank is facilitated.
Secondly, the smelting method for producing the sulfur-containing steel by using the low-sulfur molten iron avoids sulfur increase in the molten steel refining process, and avoids secondary pollution of molten steel caused by feeding a large amount of sulfur wires and environmental pollution caused by volatilized sulfur.
Thirdly, according to the smelting method for producing the sulfur-containing steel by using the low-sulfur molten iron, the low-alkalinity furnace slag is manufactured by using quartz sand, the converter performs single strong deoxidation by using aluminum, meanwhile, the LF refining uses silicon carbide and calcium carbide for deoxidation, the low-sulfur capacity of the furnace slag is kept while effective deoxidation and impurity removal of molten steel are ensured, the loss of sulfur in the molten steel is reduced, the desulfurization amount in the LF refining process is less than 0.010%, the sulfur content in the molten steel is kept stable, and sulfur alloy is not added in the molten steel in the later refining period.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The SAE1117 is smelted by adopting the method, and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.15 to 0.22 percent of C, 0.15 to 0.45 percent of Si, 1.10 to 1.55 percent of Mn1.40 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.40 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, 0.080 to 0.130 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of Ti, and the balance of Fe. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) the sulfur content of the molten iron is 0.025 to 0.040 percent, and the molten steel is smelted in a primary smelting furnace and is smelted at the end pointw([S]) And =0.015% -0.035%. When the steel tapping amount is 10 t-30 t, adding 1.1 kg/t-1.7 kg/t of aluminum blocks for deoxidation according to the free oxygen content of the molten steel end point; when the steel tapping amount is 20 t-40 t, 2.0 kg/t-4.0 kg/t of ferro-sulphur alloy is added, and refining is carried out to a stationw ([S])=0.100%～0.120%。
Adding the quartz sand → premelted refining slag → lime into a steel ladle in the sequence of 1:2:4 before tapping, wherein the quartz sand is used in an amount of 1.8 kg/t-2.0 kg/t.
The LF in-station slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:w(CaO)=45%～50%，w(SiO2)=12%～14%，w(MgO)=4%～9%、w(Al2O3) And = 20% -25%, and the binary alkalinity R of the slag = 3-4.
2) And performing slag surface composite diffusion deoxidation in the LF refining process. And the slag surface diffusion deoxidation is carried out on calcium carbide and silicon carbide, the dosage of the silicon carbide is 1.1 kg/t-1.8 kg/t, and the dosage ratio of the silicon carbide to the calcium carbide is 3: 1. Final slag of refining slagw(CaO)=40%～55%，w(SiO2)=13%～17%，w(MgO)=5%～11%、w(Al2O3) And = 22% -25%, and the binary basicity of the slag R = 2-3.
3) After the refining of the molten steel is finished, vacuum treatment is carried out, and then soft blowing is carried out. Otherwise, the conventional method as for this steel grade is carried out.
The steel obtained by the steps 1) to 3) has 2.5-3.0 grades of A-type sulfides, 0-0.5 grade of B-type oxides, 0 grade of C-type oxides, 0.5-1.0 grade of D-type oxides and 0-0.5 grade of DS-type oxides.
Example 1 comparative example
The sulfur content of the molten iron is 0.025-0.040%, and the molten steel is smelted in an initial smelting furnace, wherein the end point w ([ S ]) = 0.015-0.035%. Deoxidizing agent, alloy and slag are added in the tapping process.
And (3) binary alkalinity R = 7-9 of the LF incoming slag. And deoxidizing and alloying in the LF refining process. And (3) the binary alkalinity R = 7-11 of the final refining slag. The sulfur content of the molten steel discharged from the LF is less than 0.012 percent, the molten steel is subjected to vacuum treatment after being refined, the molten steel is broken empty and fed into a sulfur wire for 2-3 times by 500-700 m, and then the molten steel is subjected to soft blowing.
3.5-4.5 grades of A-type sulfides, 0.5-1.0 grade of B-type oxides, 0 grade of C-type oxides, 1.5 grades of D-type oxides and 1.0-2.0 grades of DS-type oxides.
Example 2
The method is adopted to smelt C38N2+ BY, and the mass percentages of chemical components are as follows: 0.32-0.42% of C, 0.40-0.70% of Si, 1.20-1.70% of Mn, 0.05-0.25% of Cr, less than or equal to 0.025% of Al, less than or equal to 0.025% of P, 0.045-0.070% of S, less than or equal to 0.20% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.20% of Cu, 0.02-0.10% of V, 0.005-0.035% of Ti and the balance of Fe. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) the sulfur content of the molten iron is 0.020-0.035%, the molten steel is smelted in a primary smelting furnace, and the end point of the molten steel isw([S]) And =0.015% -0.030%. When the steel tapping amount is 10 t-30 t, adding 1.1 kg/t-1.7 kg/t of aluminum blocks for deoxidation according to the free oxygen content of the molten steel end point; when the steel output is 20 t-40 t, 0.85 kg/t-2.5 kg/t of ferro-sulphur alloy is added, and refining is carried out to a stationw ([S])=0.060%～0.075%；
Adding the quartz sand → the premelted refining slag → lime into a ladle in the sequence of 1:2:4 before tapping, wherein the quartz sand is 1.2 kg/t-1.5 kg/t.
The LF inbound slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:w(CaO)=48%～53%，w(SiO2)=9%～12%，w(MgO)=5%～8%、w(Al2O3) And = 22% -27%, and the binary alkalinity R of the slag = 4-6.
2) And performing slag surface composite diffusion deoxidation in the LF refining process. And the slag surface diffusion deoxidation is carried out on calcium carbide and silicon carbide, the dosage of the silicon carbide is 0.6 kg/t-1.3 kg/t, and the dosage ratio of the silicon carbide to the calcium carbide is 2: 1. Final slag of refining slagw(CaO)=50%～55%，w(SiO2)=12%～15%，w(MgO)=6%～10%、w(Al2O3) And = 25% -33%, and the binary alkalinity R of the slag = 3-5.
3) After the refining of the molten steel is finished, vacuum treatment is carried out, and then soft blowing is carried out. Otherwise, the conventional method as for this steel grade is carried out.
The steel obtained by the steps 1) to 3) has 2.0-2.5 grades of A-type sulfides, 0.5 grade of B-type oxides, 0 grade of C-type oxides, 0.5 grade of D-type oxides and 0-0.5 grade of DS-type oxides.
Example 2 comparative example
The sulfur content of the molten iron is 0.020-0.035%, the molten steel is smelted in a primary smelting furnace, and the end point w ([ S ]) = 0.015-0.030%. Deoxidizing agent, alloy and slag are added in the tapping process.
And (3) binary alkalinity R = 7-9 of the LF incoming slag. And deoxidizing and alloying in the LF refining process. And (3) the binary alkalinity R = 7-11 of the final refining slag. The sulfur content of the molten steel discharged from the LF is less than 0.010 percent, the molten steel is subjected to vacuum treatment after refining, the molten steel is subjected to vacuum breaking, then sulfur wires are fed for 1 to 2 times for 300 to 500m, and then soft blowing is carried out.
3.0-4.0 grades of A-type sulfides, 1.0-1.5 grades of B-type oxides, 0 grade of C-type oxides, 1.5 grades of D-type oxides and 1.0-2.5 grades of DS-type oxides.

Claims (5)

1. The smelting method for producing the sulfur-containing steel by using the low-sulfur molten iron is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) using molten iron and waste steel as raw materials, smelting by adopting a primary smelting furnace, deoxidizing and alloying the molten steel in the tapping process, and adding quartz sand, pre-melted refining slag and lime to prepare low-alkalinity slag;
the sulfur content of the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.045%;
the molten steel aluminum deoxidation method comprises the following steps: when the steel tapping amount is 10 t-30 t, adding 1.1 kg/t-1.7 kg/t of aluminum blocks for deoxidation according to the free oxygen content of the molten steel end point;
alloying molten steel into: according to the initial sulfur content of molten steel, when the steel tapping amount is 20 t-40 t, adding ferrosulfur alloy, and ensuring that w ([ S ]) = the target value of a finished product is +0.010% -0.020% when the steel is refined to a station;
2) in the LF refining process, calcium carbide and silicon carbide are used for slag surface diffusion deoxidation;
3) and finishing refining of molten steel: firstly, soft blowing is carried out after vacuum treatment, and secondly, direct soft blowing is carried out.
2. The smelting method for producing sulfur-containing steel by using low-sulfur molten iron according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step 1), the low-alkalinity furnace slag is manufactured by using quartz sand, premelted refining slag and lime, namely the quartz sand → the premelted refining slag → the lime are sequentially added into a steel ladle before tapping, the dosage is 1:2:4, and the dosage of the quartz sand is 1.2 kg/t-2.4 kg/t.
3. The smelting method for producing sulfur-containing steel by using low-sulfur molten iron according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the following steps:
LF inbound slag composition:w(CaO)=45%～60%，w(SiO2)=8%～14%，w(MgO)=4%～9%、w(Al2O3) And = 20% -30%, and the binary basicity of the slag R = 3-6.
4. The smelting method for producing sulfur-containing steel by using low-sulfur molten iron according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step 2), performing slag surface diffusion deoxidation on the calcium carbide and the silicon carbide: the dosage of the silicon carbide is 0.6 kg/t-1.8 kg/t, and the dosage ratio of the silicon carbide to the calcium carbide is 2: 1-3: 1.
5. The smelting method for producing sulfur-containing steel by using low-sulfur molten iron according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: controlling the final slag of refining slagw(CaO)=40%～55%，w(SiO2)=10%～17%，w(MgO)=5%～11%、w(Al2O3) And = 22% -35%, and the binary basicity of the slag R = 2-5.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115466906A (en) * 2022-09-09 2022-12-13 中天钢铁集团有限公司 Low-slag-content bearing steel smelting process
CN115466906B (en) * 2022-09-09 2023-10-03 中天钢铁集团有限公司 Bearing steel smelting process with low slag content

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