CN111850052B - Method for preparing gas by mixing and fermenting kitchen waste and sugarcane tails through charcoal enhancement - Google Patents
Method for preparing gas by mixing and fermenting kitchen waste and sugarcane tails through charcoal enhancement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing gas by mixing fermentation of kitchen waste and sugarcane tails through biochar enhancement, which comprises the following steps: s1, acclimatization of an inoculum: taking anaerobic sludge in a continuous fermentation system as an inoculum, and then adding kitchen waste and sugarcane tail domestication inoculum; s2, crushing and mixing materials: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails from which the difficultly biodegradable substances are removed, and then uniformly mixing the crushed kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to the proportion of volatile solids (1-4) to (1-3); s3, mixed fermentation: adding the modified biochar into the uniformly mixed material obtained in the step S2 according to the proportion of 0.1-15 g/L, and mixing the modified biochar with the inoculum domesticated in the step S1 according to the proportion of volatile solid 1:1, and performing anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 32-38 ℃ to produce the biogas. The method has the advantages of quick fermentation start, shortened fermentation period, high gas yield and high methane yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resource utilization of organic solid wastes, and particularly relates to a method for producing gas by mixing and fermenting kitchen waste and sugarcane tails through biochar enhancement.
Background
At present, the main treatment method of kitchen waste in China is landfill (90.5%), and a small part of the kitchen waste is treated by incineration and composting. However, these treatment methods have a series of problems, since the kitchen waste is perishable, in the case of landfills, the organic components of the kitchen waste will gradually generate methane, with the potential for global warming over 100 years, and CO223 times of the total weight of the powder. Anaerobic digestion is considered as an alternative to high organic matter waste, allowing the controlled and efficient recovery of renewable energy sources, biogas, to produce potential energy sources such as electricity or gas. Different groups have carried out anaerobic digestion treatment on organic wastes such as kitchen waste and organic components of municipal domestic waste. However, the kitchen waste has low C/N ratio and unstable organic components, so that acidification products are generated, and the efficiency and stability of single kitchen waste fermentation are low. Meanwhile, sugarcane tail resources in China are rich, annual output reaches 6 hundred million tons, and the annual output accounts for about 30% of the total output of the straws in the world. But the utilization rate is lower than 33%. The main treatment mode of sugarcane tails in China is field incineration, and a small amount of straws are used for producing paper, livestock and poultry feeds, chemical fertilizers and rural energy. The production of biogas by anaerobic digestion of the tail of sugar cane is a promising option. Compared with the traditional aerobic composting process, the anaerobic process requires lower operation energy input and lower initial investment cost. However, anaerobic digestion of sugarcane tails alone has several disadvantages, such as nitrogen deficiency, high C/N ratio, low cellulose conversion rate, and long digestion time. Patent CN104087619A discloses a method for preparing methane simultaneously by carrying out mixed wet anaerobic fermentation and degradation on bagasse and kitchen waste, wherein in the mixed fermentation process, the fermentation start is slow, the fermentation period is long, and the sugarcane is subjected to fermentation treatmentLow slag decomposition rate, low gas production rate, low methane content of the prepared biogas and the like. Therefore, it is highly desirable to provide a method for producing biogas with fast fermentation start, short fermentation period, high raw material decomposition rate and high methane production content.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for producing gas by mixing and fermenting kitchen waste and sugarcane tails through biochar enhancement.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a method for preparing gas by mixing and fermenting kitchen waste and sugarcane tails through biochar enhancement comprises the following steps:
s1, acclimatization of an inoculum: taking anaerobic sludge in a continuous fermentation system as an inoculum, and then adding kitchen waste and sugarcane tail domestication inoculum;
s2, crushing and mixing materials: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails from which the difficultly biodegradable substances are removed, and then uniformly mixing the crushed kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to the proportion of volatile solids (1-4) to (1-3);
s3, mixed fermentation: adding the modified biochar into the uniformly mixed material obtained in the step S2 according to the proportion of 0.1-15 g/L, and mixing the modified biochar with the inoculum domesticated in the step S1 according to the proportion of volatile solid 1:1, and performing anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 32-38 ℃ to produce biogas;
the modified activated carbon is prepared by taking agricultural waste straws as a raw material, grinding the raw material, sieving the ground raw material with a sieve of 50-60 meshes, adding iron oxide and mineral solution slurry which account for 1-20% of the raw material by mass, mixing, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-60 minutes, and drying at 70-90 ℃ for 3-12 hours to ensure that the iron oxide and the mineral are fully immersed in the agricultural waste straws; and drying the obtained semi-dry mixture for 3-12 hours at 100-110 ℃, and firing the dried sample at 350-550 ℃ under an oxygen-limited condition to obtain 1-20% modified biochar.
The invention prepares the biogas by using the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails to carry out the co-digestion and the sequencing batch mixed fermentation. Firstly, adding kitchen waste and sugarcane tails to acclimate an inoculum acclimation suitable for anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails; then, the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) of the kitchen waste to the sugarcane tail is adjusted to be 20-30 by adjusting the proportion of volatile solids of the kitchen waste to the sugarcane tail: 1, to facilitate efficient operation of the fermentation system; since anaerobic fermentation of microorganisms is a complex process, the normal physiological activities of anaerobic microorganisms require macroelements (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur), macroelements (calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium) and microelements (iron, zinc, manganese, nickel, etc.). A large amount of volatile acid and ammonia nitrogen are generated in the anaerobic fermentation process of the kitchen waste. A single additive cannot meet the normal physiological activity requirements of anaerobic microorganisms and simultaneously adsorb and convert volatile acid and ammonia nitrogen. Therefore, the invention can maintain trace elements and adsorb and convert volatile acid and ammonia nitrogen by the preparation and application of the composite additive (modified biochar). According to the invention, the modified biochar co-modified by the iron oxide and the minerals is prepared by a simple method and is used as an additive, so that trace elements are supplemented, anaerobic fermentation inhibiting factors are adsorbed, and the effect of improving the yield of the biogas is finally achieved.
Preferably, the continuous fermentation system of step S1 is a sewage treatment plant.
Preferably, in step S1, kitchen waste and sugarcane tails are added in a volatile 1:1 ratio.
Preferably, the acclimation period is one month and the inoculum is starved for 7 days prior to use.
Preferably, the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails in the step S2 are uniformly mixed according to the ratio of volatile solids to volatile solids of 3: 2.
Preferably, the addition amount of the modified activated carbon in the step S3 is 5 g/L.
Preferably, the number of the pulverization mesh in the step S2 is 40 to 60 mesh (preferably 50 mesh).
Preferably, the agricultural waste is one or more of peanut shells, oil tea shells, bagasse or corn stover. Preferably peanut shells.
Preferably, the iron oxide is one or more of ferroferric oxide, ferric oxide or ferrous oxide. Preferably ferroferric oxide.
Preferably, the mineral is one or more of montmorillonite or zeolite. Preferably montmorillonite.
Preferably, 1 to 2.5 percent of modified biochar is prepared by adding 1 to 2.5 percent of iron oxide and mineral with equal mass ratio.
Preferably, the oxygen-limited environment is under nitrogen.
Preferably, the anaerobic fermentation temperature of the step S3 is 34-36 ℃.
Step S3, stirring is continuously carried out in the anaerobic fermentation process; preferably, the fermentation is carried out with stirring for 1 minute every 3 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for enhancing mixed fermentation gas production of kitchen waste and sugarcane tails by biochar, which is characterized in that modified biochar is added on the basis of co-fermentation of raw materials of the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails, so that trace elements can be maintained, and volatile acid and ammonia nitrogen can be adsorbed and converted, the effect of improving gas production performance is finally achieved, and the gas production rate and the methane yield of mixed fermentation of the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are obviously improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.
Example 1
The method for producing the biogas by independently carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the kitchen waste comprises the following specific steps:
(1) acclimatization of the inoculum: the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the following volatile solid 1:1, putting the biogas slurry into a continuous fermentation system, domesticating the biogas slurry for one month, and treating the biogas slurry for 7 days before use;
(2) mechanical crushing: crushing the kitchen waste, wherein the crushing specification is 50 meshes after bones of the kitchen waste are removed; independently carrying out next anaerobic fermentation on the kitchen waste;
(3) putting the kitchen waste into an anaerobic reactor, adding an inoculum (the acclimatized inoculum and the kitchen waste are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1 of volatile solid), shaking up, and introducing nitrogen. Starting fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃, and stirring for 1 minute every 3 minutes in the fermentation process.
Example 1 fermentation cycle was 15 days, fermentation started on day 2 and finally methane 1297mL was produced with a gas yield of 259mL/g VS.
Example 2
The method for producing the biogas by mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails and performing anaerobic fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) acclimatization of the inoculum: the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the following volatile solid 1:1, putting the biogas slurry into a continuous fermentation system, domesticating the biogas slurry for one month, and treating the biogas slurry for 7 days before use;
(2) mechanical crushing: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails, wherein the kitchen waste is crushed after bones are removed, and the crushing specification is 50 meshes;
(3) mixing materials: mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to a VS ratio of 4: 1;
(4) charging the mixed material into an anaerobic reactor, adding inoculum (the acclimatized inoculum and the mixed material are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1 of volatile solid), shaking up, and introducing nitrogen. Starting fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃, and stirring every 3 minutes in the fermentation process for 1 minute.
Example 2 fermentation cycle was 15 days, fermentation was initiated on day 2, and finally methane was produced at 1415mL with a gas yield of 283mL/g VS.
Example 3
The method for producing the biogas by mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails and performing anaerobic fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) acclimatization of the inoculum: the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the following volatile solid 1:1, putting the biogas slurry into a continuous fermentation system, domesticating the biogas slurry for one month, and treating the biogas slurry for 7 days before use;
(2) mechanical crushing: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails, wherein the kitchen waste is crushed after bones are removed, and the crushing specification is 50 meshes;
(3) mixing materials: mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to a VS ratio of 2: 1;
(4) charging the mixed material into an anaerobic reactor, adding inoculum (the acclimatized inoculum and the mixed material are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1 of volatile solid), shaking up, and introducing nitrogen. Starting fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃, and stirring for 1 minute every 3 minutes in the fermentation process.
Example 3 fermentation cycle was 15 days, fermentation was initiated on day 2, and finally methane 1138mL was produced with a gas yield of 227mL/g VS.
Example 4
The method for producing the biogas by mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails and performing anaerobic fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) acclimatization of the inoculum: the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the following volatile solid 1:1, putting the biogas slurry into a continuous fermentation system, domesticating the biogas slurry for one month, and treating the biogas slurry for 7 days before use;
(2) mechanical crushing: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails, wherein the kitchen waste is crushed after bones are removed, and the crushing specification is 50 meshes;
(3) mixing materials: mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to a VS ratio of 3: 2;
(4) charging the mixed material into an anaerobic reactor, adding inoculum (the acclimatized inoculum and the mixed material are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1 of volatile solid), shaking up, and introducing nitrogen. Starting fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃, and stirring for 1 minute every 3 minutes in the fermentation process.
Example 4 fermentation period was 15 days, fermentation was started on day 2, and finally 1519mL of methane was produced with a gas yield of 304mL/g VS.
Example 5
The method for producing the biogas by mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails and performing anaerobic fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) acclimatization of the inoculum: the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the following volatile solid 1:1, putting the biogas slurry into a continuous fermentation system, domesticating the biogas slurry for one month, and treating the biogas slurry for 7 days before use;
(2) mechanical crushing: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails, wherein the kitchen waste is crushed after bones are removed, and the crushing specification is 50 meshes;
(3) mixing materials: mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to a VS ratio of 2: 3;
(4) charging the mixed material into an anaerobic reactor, adding inoculum (the acclimatized inoculum and the mixed material are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1 of volatile solid), shaking up, and introducing nitrogen. Starting fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃, and stirring every 3 minutes in the fermentation process for 1 minute.
Example 5 fermentation cycle was 15 days, fermentation was started on day 2 and finally 1226mL of methane was produced with a gas yield of 245mL/g VS.
Example 6
The method for producing the biogas by mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails and performing anaerobic fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) acclimatization of the inoculum: the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the following volatile solid 1:1, putting the biogas slurry into a continuous fermentation system, domesticating the biogas slurry for one month, and treating the biogas slurry for 7 days before use;
(2) mechanical crushing: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails, wherein the kitchen waste is crushed after bones are removed, and the crushing specification is 50 meshes;
(3) mixing materials: mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to a VS ratio of 1: 2;
(4) charging the mixed material into an anaerobic reactor, adding inoculum (the acclimatized inoculum and the mixed material are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1 of volatile solid), shaking up, and introducing nitrogen. Starting fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃, and stirring for 1 minute every 3 minutes in the fermentation process.
Example 6 fermentation period was 15 days, fermentation was started on day 2 and finally 1016mL of methane was produced with a gas yield of 203mL/g VS.
Example 7
The method for producing the biogas by the independent anaerobic fermentation of the sugarcane tails comprises the following specific steps:
(1) acclimatization of the inoculum: the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the following volatile solid 1:1, putting the biogas slurry into a continuous fermentation system, domesticating the biogas slurry for one month, and treating the biogas slurry for 7 days before use;
(2) mechanical crushing: crushing the sugarcane tails, wherein the crushing specification is 50 meshes; carrying out the next anaerobic fermentation on the sugarcane tails independently;
(3) feeding sugarcane tails into an anaerobic reactor, adding an inoculum (the acclimatized inoculum and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1 of volatile solids), shaking uniformly, and introducing nitrogen. Starting fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃, and stirring for 1 minute every 3 minutes in the fermentation process.
Example 7 fermentation period was 15 days, fermentation was started on day 2 and finally methane 803mL was produced with a gas yield of 160mL/g VS.
From the results of the embodiments 1-7, the mixed fermentation performance of the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails is the best in a VS ratio of 3: 2; modified charcoal is added in the optimal mixed fermentation ratio of the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails to enhance the fermentation effect (examples 9-13).
Example 8
Simple biochar is added to enhance the mixing anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails to produce biogas, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) acclimatization of the inoculum: the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the following volatile solid 1:1, putting the biogas slurry into a continuous fermentation system, domesticating the biogas slurry for one month, and treating the biogas slurry for 7 days before use;
(2) mechanical crushing: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails, wherein the kitchen waste is crushed after bones are removed, and the crushing specification is 50 meshes;
(3) mixing materials: mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to a VS ratio of 3: 2;
(4) adding 5g of biochar into 1L of mixed material, putting into a reactor, adding inoculum (the acclimatized inoculum and sugarcane tails are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1 of volatile solid), shaking uniformly, and introducing nitrogen. Starting fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃, and stirring for 1 minute every 3 minutes in the fermentation process.
Example 8 fermentation cycle was 15 days, fermentation was started on day 2, and finally 1364mL of methane was produced with a gas yield of 273mL/g VS.
Example 9
The method is characterized in that modified charcoal is added to enhance the mixing anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails to produce the biogas, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing 1% ferroferric oxide and montmorillonite modified biochar: grinding naturally air-dried peanut shells serving as raw materials, sieving the raw materials by a 60-mesh sieve, adding ferroferric oxide and montmorillonite (the mass ratio of the ferroferric oxide to the montmorillonite is 1:1) solution slurry accounting for 1 percent of the mass of the raw materials, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 35 minutes, uniformly mixing, and drying at 80 ℃ for 7.5 hours to ensure that iron oxides and minerals are fully immersed in the peanut shells. The resulting semi-dry mixture was dried at 105 ℃ for 7.5 hours and the dried sample was fired at 450 ℃ under limited oxygen conditions to yield 1% modified biochar. (ii) a
(2) Inoculation and materialization: the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the following volatile solid 1:1, putting the biogas slurry into a continuous fermentation system, domesticating the biogas slurry for one month, and treating the biogas slurry for 7 days before use;
(3) mechanical crushing: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails, wherein the kitchen waste is crushed after bones are removed, and the crushing specification is 50 meshes;
(4) mixing materials: mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to a VS ratio of 3: 2;
(5) adding 5g of 1% modified biochar into 1L of mixed material, putting into a reactor, adding an inoculum (the acclimated inoculum and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1 of volatile solids), shaking uniformly, and introducing nitrogen. Starting fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃, and stirring for 1 minute every 3 minutes in the fermentation process.
Example 9 fermentation cycle was 15 days, fermentation was initiated on day 2, and finally methane 1706mL was produced with a gas yield of 341mL/g VS.
Example 10
The method is characterized in that modified charcoal is added to enhance the mixing anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails to produce the biogas, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) basically the same as example 9, 2.5% ferroferric oxide and montmorillonite modified biochar is prepared;
(2) acclimatization of the inoculum: the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the following volatile solid 1:1, putting the biogas slurry into a continuous fermentation system, domesticating the biogas slurry for one month, and treating the biogas slurry for 7 days before use;
(3) mechanical crushing: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails, wherein the kitchen waste is crushed after bones are removed, and the crushing specification is 50 meshes;
(4) mixing materials: mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to a VS ratio of 3: 2;
(5) adding 5g of 2.5% modified biochar into 1L of mixed material, filling the mixed material into a reactor, adding an inoculum (the acclimated inoculum and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1 of volatile solids), shaking up, and introducing nitrogen. Starting fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃, and stirring for 1 minute every 3 minutes in the fermentation process.
Example 10 fermentation cycle was 15 days, fermentation was initiated on day 2, and finally methane was produced in 1685mL and gas production rate was 337mL/g VS.
Example 11
The method is characterized in that modified charcoal is added to enhance the mixing anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails to produce the biogas, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) basically the same as example 9, 5% ferroferric oxide and montmorillonite modified biochar are prepared;
(2) acclimatization of the inoculum: the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the following volatile solid 1:1, putting the biogas slurry into a continuous fermentation system, domesticating the biogas slurry for one month, and treating the biogas slurry for 7 days before use;
(3) mechanical crushing: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails, wherein the kitchen waste is crushed after bones are removed, and the crushing specification is 50 meshes;
(4) mixing materials: mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to a VS ratio of 3:2 for 5;
(5) 5g of 5% modified biochar is added into 1L of mixed material, the mixed material is put into a reactor, an inoculum (the acclimated inoculum and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1 of volatile solids) is added, the mixture is shaken up, and nitrogen is introduced. Starting fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃, and stirring for 1 minute every 3 minutes in the fermentation process.
Example 11 fermentation period was 15 days, fermentation was initiated on day 2 and finally 1634mL of methane was produced with a gas yield of 327mL/g VS.
Example 12
The method is characterized in that modified charcoal is added to enhance the mixing anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails to produce the biogas, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) basically the same as example 9, 10% ferroferric oxide and montmorillonite modified biochar is prepared;
(2) acclimatization of the inoculum: the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the following volatile solid 1:1, putting the biogas slurry into a continuous fermentation system, domesticating the biogas slurry for one month, and treating the biogas slurry for 7 days before use;
(3) mechanical crushing: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails, wherein the kitchen waste is crushed after bones are removed, and the crushing specification is 50 meshes;
(4) mixing materials: mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to a VS ratio of 3: 2;
(5) adding 5g of 10% modified biochar into 1L of mixed material, putting into a reactor, adding an inoculum (the acclimated inoculum and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1 of volatile solids), shaking uniformly, and introducing nitrogen. Starting fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃, and stirring for 1 minute every 3 minutes in the fermentation process.
Example 12 fermentation cycle was 15 days, fermentation was started on day 2, and finally 1592mL of methane was produced with a gas yield of 318mL/g VS.
Example 13
The method is characterized in that modified charcoal is added to enhance the mixing anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails to produce the biogas, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing 20% ferroferric oxide and montmorillonite modified biochar basically the same as in example 9;
(2) acclimatization of the inoculum: the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the following volatile solid 1:1, putting the biogas slurry into a continuous fermentation system, domesticating the biogas slurry for one month, and treating the biogas slurry for 7 days before use;
(3) mechanical crushing: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails, wherein the kitchen waste is crushed after bones are removed, and the crushing specification is 50 meshes;
(4) mixing materials: mixing and fermenting the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to a VS ratio of 3: 2;
(5) adding 5g of 20% modified biochar into 1L of mixed material, putting into a reactor, adding an inoculum (the acclimated inoculum and the sugarcane tails are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1 of volatile solids), shaking uniformly, and introducing nitrogen. Starting fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 35 ℃, and stirring for 1 minute every 3 minutes in the fermentation process.
Example 13 fermentation cycle was 15 days, fermentation was initiated on day 2, and finally 1524mL of methane was produced with a gas yield of 305mL/g VS.
The test set-up and gas generation performance of the above examples 1 to 13 are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Therefore, the performance of mixed fermentation is best when the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are subjected to VS ratio of 3:2 (example 4); meanwhile, the modified biochar is added in the anaerobic fermentation process, so that the fermentation gas production performance can be further improved, the methane yield and the methane production rate are improved, but the gas production performance cannot be improved only by adding the simple biochar, and even the gas production performance can be reduced. And only when the addition amount of the modified biochar is within a certain range (examples 9-10, especially example 9), the gas making performance can be obviously improved.
Claims (7)
1. A method for preparing gas by mixing and fermenting kitchen waste and sugarcane tails through biochar enhancement is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acclimatization of an inoculum: taking anaerobic sludge in a continuous fermentation system as an inoculum, and then adding kitchen waste and sugarcane tail domestication inoculum;
s2, crushing and mixing materials: crushing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails from which the difficultly biodegradable substances are removed, and then uniformly mixing the crushed kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to the proportion of volatile solids (1-4) to (1-3);
s3, mixed fermentation: adding the modified biochar into the uniformly mixed material obtained in the step S2 according to the proportion of 0.1-15 g/L, and mixing the modified biochar with the inoculum domesticated in the step S1 according to the proportion of volatile solid 1:1, and performing anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 32-38 ℃ to produce biogas;
the modified biochar is prepared by taking agricultural waste straws as a raw material, grinding the raw material, sieving the ground raw material with a 50-60-mesh sieve, adding iron oxide and mineral solution slurry which account for 1-2.5% of the raw material by mass, mixing, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-60 minutes, and drying at 70-90 ℃ for 3-12 hours to ensure that the iron oxide and the mineral are fully immersed in the agricultural waste straws; drying the obtained semi-dry mixture for 3-12 hours at 100-110 ℃, and firing the dried sample at 350-550 ℃ under an oxygen-limited condition to obtain 1-2.5% modified biochar;
the agricultural waste is one or more of peanut shells, oil tea shells, bagasse or corn straws;
the iron oxide is one or more of ferroferric oxide, ferric oxide or ferrous oxide;
the mineral is one or more of montmorillonite or zeolite.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the continuous fermentation system of step S1 is a sewage treatment plant.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acclimatization inoculum in the step S1 is an acclimatization inoculum prepared by mixing the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails according to a volatile solid ratio of 1: 1.
4. The method of claim 1 or 3, wherein the acclimation period is one month and the inoculum is starved for 7 days prior to use.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the kitchen waste and the sugarcane tails are mixed uniformly according to a volatile solid ratio of 3:2 in the step S2.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the modified biochar of step S3 is added in an amount of 5 g/L.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the fermentation process of step S3 is performed with stirring for 1 minute every 3 minutes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010628762.1A CN111850052B (en) | 2020-07-02 | 2020-07-02 | Method for preparing gas by mixing and fermenting kitchen waste and sugarcane tails through charcoal enhancement |
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