CN111848315A - Low-temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive - Google Patents
Low-temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive Download PDFInfo
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- CN111848315A CN111848315A CN202010812048.8A CN202010812048A CN111848315A CN 111848315 A CN111848315 A CN 111848315A CN 202010812048 A CN202010812048 A CN 202010812048A CN 111848315 A CN111848315 A CN 111848315A
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- emulsion explosive
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- frozen soil
- soil resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive, belongs to the technical field of explosives, relates to emulsion explosives, and solves the defect that the existing emulsion explosive is easy to break, crystallize and freeze at low temperature. The low-temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 67.5-72.5 parts of ammonium nitrate, 8-10 parts of sodium nitrate, 2-3 parts of potassium chloride, 7-10 parts of water, 1-1.5 parts of paraffin, 1-1.5 parts of microcrystalline wax, 0.8-1 part of base oil, 0.1-0.3 part of polyether, 0.6-0.6 part of Span-800.4, 3-5 parts of LZ 28201.0-2.5 parts of sensitizer. The emulsion explosive disclosed by the invention has better stability, initiation sensitivity and detonation performance under a low temperature condition, can be continuously deep frozen or quick frozen at a low temperature of-30 ℃ to-40 ℃ and still can keep a soft state without freezing and deterioration, is non-conductive and is reliable in initiation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of explosives, relates to an emulsion explosive, and particularly relates to a low-temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive.
Background
The emulsion explosive is a water-in-oil emulsion explosive and is a novel environment-friendly industrial explosive developed in the 70 s of the 20 th century. The emulsion explosive has good waterproof performance and is widely applied to environments such as mines, underwater and the like.
The emulsion explosive can be stored for 6-12 months at normal temperature, but has the defects of easy breaking, emulsion crystallization and freezing at low temperature, so that the use of the emulsion explosive is limited, and the emulsion explosive cannot be well applied to cold regions, particularly northern severe cold regions in winter.
In order to solve the problems of low explosive property and low detonating property of the existing emulsion explosive in high-latitude severe cold areas or tunnel frozen soil blasting operation, an emulsion explosive with excellent low-temperature resistance is developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a low-temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive, aiming at solving the defects that the existing emulsion explosive is easy to crack, crystallize and freeze at low temperature.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the low-temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
ammonium nitrate 67.5-72.5 sodium nitrate 8-10 potassium chloride 2-3
Water 7-10 paraffin 1-1.5 microcrystalline wax 1-1.5
0.8-1 part of base oil 0.1-0.3 Span-800.4-0.6 part of polyether
LZ 28201.0-2.5 sensitizers 3-5.
Further, the anti-low temperature frozen soil emulsion explosive is preferably prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
ammonium nitrate 72.1 sodium nitrate 9.2 potassium chloride 2.5 water 10.2
Paraffin 1.2 microcrystalline wax 1.2 base oil 0.85 polyether 0.15
Span-800.46 LZ 28202.32 sensitizer 4.
Furthermore, the sensitizer consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: sodium nitrite 20, calcium nitrate 27, zinc nitrate 3 and water 50.
The base oil is naphthenic base oil.
The invention takes ammonium nitrate as an oxidant, which is a main energetic substance for explosion reaction, and the ammonium nitrate has the advantages of high oxygen content, high power, moderate sensitivity and low cost, but the ammonium nitrate has low solubility under the low-temperature condition, so that the emulsion explosive is easy to crystallize, which is one of important factors causing emulsion breaking failure of the emulsion explosive, therefore, as an important component in the explosive, in order to change the crystallization point of the oxidant in a water phase and ensure that the oxidant still has high solubility under the low-temperature condition, the sodium nitrate is added, so that the sodium nitrate and the ammonium nitrate are mixed to form a composite oxidant, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the low-temperature frozen soil resistance of the emulsion explosive, and the ammonium nitrate is preferably selected from 67.5-72.5: 8-10 by weight parts through a large number of tests; in addition, a small amount of potassium chloride of 2-3 parts is added, so that the crystallization point of the water phase can be reduced; the oil phase is used as a continuous phase and participates in forming an emulsion particle interface film with certain strength, thickness and toughness, the performance of the oil phase has important influence on the frost resistance of the emulsion explosive, the composite oil phase has the advantages of low acid value and high viscosity compared with a single oil phase, and the emulsion explosive produced by utilizing the composite oil phase has better stability; the emulsifier is the core of the emulsion explosive, directly influences the performance of the emulsion explosive, and has the main effects of reducing the free energy of a system and improving the compactness and strength of an emulsion drop interfacial film, the composite emulsifier consisting of sorbitan monooleate Span-80 and a high-molecular emulsifier LZ2820 is used for replacing a single emulsifier, and the two emulsifiers are mutually supplemented and promoted, wherein the parts of sorbitan monooleate Span-80 is 0.4-0.6, the parts of LZ2820 is 1.0-2.5, and the composite emulsifier has the advantages that the emulsifier molecules are closely arranged under the action of a mixed film, the interfacial film is large in thickness and difficult to crack, and the low-temperature stability of the water-in-oil emulsion can be obviously improved; the emulsion explosive disclosed by the invention is 3-5 parts by weight of a sensitizing agent, a chemical sensitization mode is adopted, the emulsion explosive is composed of 20 parts of sodium nitrite, 27 parts of calcium nitrate, 3 parts of zinc nitrate and 50 parts of water, tiny bubbles are uniformly mixed into a matrix of the emulsion explosive in a sensitization process, the stability is maintained within a certain time, the bubbles are prevented from being aggregated and escaping, and a key effect is played on improving the performance of the emulsion explosive.
The emulsion explosive disclosed by the invention has better stability, detonation sensitivity and detonation performance under a low-temperature condition, the performance change is not large after high-temperature and low-temperature tests, the continuous deep freezing or quick freezing at the low temperature of-30 ℃ to-40 ℃ still can keep the soft state, the non-freezing, the non-conductivity and the reliable detonation, and the main detonation performances before and after freezing are basically kept consistent.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples, but it should be understood that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various changes or modifications of the present invention based on the present invention should be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The low temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive is prepared by accurately weighing the following raw materials by weight: 72.1kg of ammonium nitrate, 9.2kg of sodium nitrate, 2.5kg of potassium chloride, 10kg of water, 1.2kg of paraffin, 1.2kg of microcrystalline wax, 0.85kg of base oil, 0.15kg of polyether, 0.46kg of Span-80, 2.32kg of LZ2820 and 4kg of sensitizer (0.8 kg of sodium nitrite, 1.08kg of calcium nitrate, 0.12kg of zinc nitrate and 2kg of water) according to a conventional method.
Example 2
The low temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive is prepared by accurately weighing the following raw materials by weight: 72.5kg of ammonium nitrate, 8kg of sodium nitrate, 2.0kg of potassium chloride, 9kg of water, 1.0kg of paraffin, 1.5kg of microcrystalline wax, 0.80kg of base oil, 0.1kg of polyether, 0.60kg of Span-80, 1.0kg of LZ2820 and 3kg of sensitizers (0.6 kg of sodium nitrite, 0.81kg of calcium nitrate, 0.09kg of zinc nitrate and 1.5kg of water) according to a conventional method.
Example 3
The low temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive is prepared by accurately weighing the following raw materials by weight: 70.5kg of ammonium nitrate, 10kg of sodium nitrate, 3.0kg of potassium chloride, 8kg of water, 1.3kg of paraffin wax, 1.0kg of microcrystalline wax, 0.90kg of base oil, 0.3kg of polyether, 0.40kg of Span-80, 2.0kg of LZ2820 and 5kg of sensitizers (1.0 kg of sodium nitrite, 1.35kg of calcium nitrate, 0.15kg of zinc nitrate and 2.5kg of water) and then preparing the ammonium nitrate/zinc nitrate composite material according to a conventional method.
Example 4
The low temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive is prepared by accurately weighing the following raw materials by weight: 67.5kg of ammonium nitrate, 9.5kg of sodium nitrate, 2.2kg of potassium chloride, 7kg of water, 1.5kg of paraffin, 1.2kg of microcrystalline wax, 1.0kg of base oil, 0.15kg of polyether, 0.50kg of Span-80, 2.5kg of LZ2820 and 5kg of sensitizer (1.0 kg of sodium nitrite, 1.35kg of calcium nitrate, 0.15kg of zinc nitrate and 2.5kg of water) according to a conventional method.
In order to verify the low temperature frozen soil resistance effect of the emulsion explosive of the invention, 3 existing commercially available common emulsion explosive samples 1-3 and the emulsion explosive prepared according to the schemes of the above examples 1-4 are selected to be subjected to high and low temperature tests, the detonation velocities of the emulsion explosive are detected after the emulsion explosive is frozen for 2 days at the temperatures of-30 ℃, 35 ℃, 40 ℃ and 45 ℃, respectively, the test results are shown in table 1, and the sympathetic detonation distances are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the low-temperature resistance of the low-temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive prepared according to the formula of the invention is obviously superior to that of the common emulsion explosive, the emulsion explosive can still keep soft state, no freezing, no deterioration, no conduction and reliable initiation after continuous deep freezing or quick freezing at the low temperature of minus 30 ℃ to minus 45 ℃, and the main detonation performances before and after freezing are basically kept consistent.
Claims (4)
1. The low-temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
ammonium nitrate 67.5-72.5 sodium nitrate 8-10 potassium chloride 2-3
Water 7-10 paraffin 1-1.5 microcrystalline wax 1-1.5
0.8-1 part of base oil 0.1-0.3 Span-800.4-0.6 part of polyether
LZ 28201.0-2.5 sensitizers 3-5.
2. The low-temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
ammonium nitrate 72.1 sodium nitrate 9.2 potassium chloride 2.5 water 10.2
Paraffin 1.2 microcrystalline wax 1.2 base oil 0.85 polyether 0.15
Span-800.46 LZ 28202.32 sensitizer 4.
3. The low temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sensitizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: sodium nitrite 20, calcium nitrate 27, zinc nitrate 3 and water 50.
4. The low temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base oil is a naphthenic base oil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010812048.8A CN111848315A (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2020-08-13 | Low-temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010812048.8A CN111848315A (en) | 2020-08-13 | 2020-08-13 | Low-temperature frozen soil resistant emulsion explosive |
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| CN111848315A true CN111848315A (en) | 2020-10-30 |
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Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1618775A (en) * | 2004-08-26 | 2005-05-25 | 煤炭科学研究总院爆破技术研究所 | Pressure resistant emulsified explosive |
| CN101125785A (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2008-02-20 | 冷殿辉 | Low-temperature resistant powdery emulsifying explosive |
| CN107353173A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-17 | 宜兴市阳生化工有限公司 | A kind of high explosion velocity Blasting in deep water gluey emulsion and preparation method thereof |
| CN108911934A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-30 | 福建省民爆化工股份有限公司 | Foaming agent for emulsion explosive and the emulsion for using the foaming agent |
| CN109942353A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-28 | 山西壶化集团金星化工有限公司 | A kind of emulsion with extended storage stability |
| CN111333473A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-26 | 攀枝花学院 | High and low temperature resistant emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-08-13 CN CN202010812048.8A patent/CN111848315A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1618775A (en) * | 2004-08-26 | 2005-05-25 | 煤炭科学研究总院爆破技术研究所 | Pressure resistant emulsified explosive |
| CN101125785A (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2008-02-20 | 冷殿辉 | Low-temperature resistant powdery emulsifying explosive |
| CN107353173A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-17 | 宜兴市阳生化工有限公司 | A kind of high explosion velocity Blasting in deep water gluey emulsion and preparation method thereof |
| CN108911934A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-11-30 | 福建省民爆化工股份有限公司 | Foaming agent for emulsion explosive and the emulsion for using the foaming agent |
| CN109942353A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-28 | 山西壶化集团金星化工有限公司 | A kind of emulsion with extended storage stability |
| CN111333473A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-26 | 攀枝花学院 | High and low temperature resistant emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 周立: "耐低温乳化炸药的研究进展", 《爆破器材》 * |
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Application publication date: 20201030 |