CN109467495A - It is a kind of using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive - Google Patents
It is a kind of using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive Download PDFInfo
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- CN109467495A CN109467495A CN201811599039.4A CN201811599039A CN109467495A CN 109467495 A CN109467495 A CN 109467495A CN 201811599039 A CN201811599039 A CN 201811599039A CN 109467495 A CN109467495 A CN 109467495A
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- polyethers
- block polymer
- adhesive
- propellant
- hydroxyl
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
- C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
- C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
Abstract
It provides a kind of using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant propulsion agent prescription of adhesive, specify polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer structure, by replacing the fourth hydroxyl glue in HTPB propellant as adhesive using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer, each component in propellant and content are optimized simultaneously, propellant can be made in the case where keeping HTPB propellant good process performance and certain mechanical properties, preferable compatibility is kept with energetic plasticiser, to improve the theoretical specific impulse of propellant.In addition, the use of polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer being adhesive, the mobility of adhesive molten liquid will dramatically increase, it is possible to reduce hole and crackle in propellant facilitate propellant and tested by slow cook-off, to meet the requirement of propellant low vulnerability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention generally belongs to propellant technical field, uses more particularly to a kind of solid propellant rocket motor charge
Solid propellant.
Background technique
The features such as HTPB propellant is because of its high comprehensive performance, moderate cost, becomes in domestic and international solid propellant rocket
Most widely used propellant kind, the dominant position in missile armament.But since HTPB adhesive itself is that one kind is free of
Can substance can not be more compatible with the energetic plasticisers such as nitrate and since its polarity is smaller, constrain its energy characteristics into one
Step improves.In addition, its molten liquid mobility is poor due to fourth hydroxyl adhesive, occur when can not fill up ammonium perchlorate low-temperature decomposition
Hole causes HTPB propellant that can generate violent detonation response in slow cook-off test, can not be tested by slow cook-off,
Therefore HTPB propellant is also unable to satisfy the requirement of Low vulnerability.
As the continuous development of China's tactical missile weapon is started to further increase the long-range strike ability of weapon
Machine requires to further increase to the energy characteristics of propellant, and existing HTPB Propellant warp is unable to satisfy engine technology
Index request, therefore polyethers (code name NEPE) propellant of nitrate plasticising is applied in certain key strategy models, but
High production cost, the risk of NEPE high-energy propellant are larger, constrain its extensive application in tactical weapon model.Cause
This, in domestic and international weapon system still based on HTPB propellant.
In addition, the adhesive due to NEPE propellant is polyethers, the molten liquid of polyethers adhesive is had preferable mobility,
Therefore NEPE high-energy propellant can be tested by slow cook-off, but due to containing a large amount of explosive in NEPE propellant, quick-fried
It is easy to happen detonation under fried shock wave, therefore NEPE propellant is also unable to satisfy the requirement of Low vulnerability.
In order to improve the energy characteristics of HTPB propellant, while improving the low vulnerability of propellant, it can be by polyethers and fourth
Hydroxyl glue is made into block copolymer.The polarity of adhesive not only can be improved in the introducing of polyethers section, to solve HTPB adhesive and nitre
The consistency problem of the energetic plasticisers such as acid esters makes energetic plasticiser be applied in HTPB propellant, to improve propulsion
The energy characteristics of agent;The introducing of polyethers section can also improve the mobility of adhesive molten liquid, this is beneficial to polyethers-fourth hydroxyl
Block polymer is that the propellant of adhesive is tested by slow cook-off, to meet the requirement of propellant low vulnerability.
United States Patent (USP) (US6783613 B1) Gill et al. reports one kind with end hydroxy butadiene and carboxyl end group polyethers
For raw material, a kind of fourth hydroxyl-polyether block quasi polymer synthesized by esterification, structure such as formula I.
R in formula I is polyethers section
The patent mainly describes solidification, aging, degradation property and and the energetic plasticiser of this kind block polymer film
Plasticising performance, be not directed to using fourth hydroxyl-polyether block polymer as items such as the mechanics of the propellant of adhesive, technique, energy
Performance.
A kind of polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer, the structure of polymer such as II institute of formula is synthesized by two-step process in China Zhang Chunsen
Show.
A in formula II is polyethers section
The purpose that Zhang Chunsen synthesizes the block polymer is to improve polyurethane adhesive water resistance, therefore it is in text
In only describe the thermal decomposition characteristic of block polymer and the mechanical property of film, be not applied in solid propellant.
Zhang Wanbin is for the first time using HTPB as macromole evocating agent, under lewis acidic catalytic action, utilizes the activity of HTPB
End group causes tetrahydrofuran ring opening polymerization, prepares polytetrahydrofuran-polybutadiene-polytetrahydrofuran triblock copolymer.It is poly-
The structure of object is closed as shown in formula III.
Zhang Wanbin mainly describes polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer synthetic method in the text, and has done in detail to compound
Thin characterization, while the film mechanical property and glass transition temperature of block polymer are had studied, but be not applied to solid
In body propellant.
It in summary it can be seen, the research of polyether block polymer is concentrated mainly in synthetic method both at home and abroad, not
The block polymer is applied in solid propellant.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive, solves
Fourth hydroxyl adhesive polarity is low in the prior art, cannot be compatible with energetic plasticiser, and energy characteristics can not further increase, and promotes
The problem of agent cannot be tested by slow cook-off.
The technical scheme is that a kind of using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive, it is wrapped
Include the component of following mass percentage content: adhesive: 7%~10.0%;Curing agent: 0.25%~1.5%;Solidification catalysis
Agent: 0~0.04%;Oxidant: 50.0%~80.0%;Energetic additive: 3.0%~15%;Metal fuel: 3.0%~
23%;Plasticizer: 3.0%~10.0%;Burning ratemodifier: 0.05~3.0%;Bonding agent: 0.05%~0.2%;Anti-aging agent:
0.05%~0.3%;Described adhesive is polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer.
Further, above-mentioned polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer has general formula as follows:
Wherein, the value of x is in 60~80 ranges in general formula, m >=4, and the value of n >=4 and m+n are in 8~30 ranges.
Further, above-mentioned polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer molecular weight is 4000~7600.
Further, above-mentioned curing agent is toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), in isophorone, dimer (fatty acid) yl diisocyanate
A kind of or combination.
Further, above-mentioned curing catalysts are triphenyl bismuth, three (4- ethoxyl phenenyl) bismuths, three (3- ethoxyl phenenyls)
One of bismuth, three (4- nitrobenzophenone) bismuths, three (3- nitrobenzophenone) bismuths.
Further, above-mentioned oxidant is one of ammonium perchlorate (AP), ammonium nitrate (AN), potassium nitrate (KP) or group
It closes;The energetic additive is octogen (HMX), in heisuojin (RDX), Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20)
A kind of or combination;The metal fuel is one of Al powder or Mg powder or combination.
Further, above-mentioned plasticizer is Plexol 201 (DOS), dioctyl adipate (DOA), phthalic acid
Dioctyl ester (DOP), butyl nitre oxygen ethyl nitramine (Bu-NENA), double 2,2- dinitro propyl alcohol formals/bis- 2,2- dinitro propyl alcohol
One of acetal mixture (3A), triethylene glycol dinitrate (TEGDN) or combination.
Further, above-mentioned burning ratemodifier is CuO, CuS, Cr2O3、PbCrO4、Fe2O3, calcium carbonate, calcirm-fluoride, fluorination
Magnesium, strontium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, ammonium oxalate, octyl ferrocene (T27), butyl ferrocene, 2,2- (double ethyl dicyclopentadienyl iron bases) propane
Or combination one of (GFP).
Further, above-mentioned bonding agent is MAPO (three [1- (2- methyl) '-aziridino] phosphine oxygens), HX-752 (isophthalic two
Formyl Propyleneimine), tetren, BIDE (butyl diethanolamine), TEA (triethanolamine), triethanolamine boron trifluoride network
Close one or more of object, tetrahydroxyethyl-ethylene diamine, TETAN (triethylenetetramine).
Further, above-mentioned anti-aging agent is antioxidant H (N, N '-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine), A0- 2246 (2,2 '-methylenes
Base-is bis--and (- 6 t-butyl phenol of 4- methyl)), MNA (N- methyl -2- nitroaniline), Hs (thiobis-(3,5- di-tert-butyl -4-
One or more of hydroxybenzyl)).
Technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with prior art
(1), the present invention is using the fourth hydroxyl glue in polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer substitution HTPB propellant as solid propellant
Adhesive, while giving the structure and molecular weight ranges of block polymer, the use of the block polymer can improve bonding
Energetic plasticiser can be applied in propellant, to improve the melting characteristic of propellant by the compatibility of agent and energetic plasticiser
And energy characteristics.
(2), the present invention is using the fourth hydroxyl glue in polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer substitution HTPB propellant as solid propellant
Adhesive, can not only improve the compatibility of adhesive and energetic plasticiser, to improve the energy characteristics of propellant, may be used also
To improve the mobility of adhesive molten liquid, is conducive to propellant and is tested by slow cook-off, improve the Low vulnerability of propellant
Energy.
(3), the present invention is using the fourth hydroxyl glue in polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer substitution HTPB propellant as solid propellant
Adhesive, and give the structure of block polymer, optimize the other components and content of propellant, propellant can improved
Energy characteristics keeps propellant to have good processing performance and certain mechanical property while improving propellant low vulnerability
Energy.
The present invention improves the Low vulnerability of propellant when not destroying existing propellant system;Improve adhesive with
The compatibility of energetic plasticiser, and then improve the energy characteristics of propellant;And propellant keeps good processing performance and certain
Mechanical property.
Detailed description of the invention
From the detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawing to the embodiment of the present invention, these and/or other aspects of the invention and
Advantage will become clearer and be easier to understand, in which:
Fig. 1 is that molten condition of the polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer film of the embodiment of the present invention under 400 DEG C of high temperature is shone
Piece;
Fig. 2 is the molten condition photo under 400 DEG C of high temperature of fourth hydroxyl glue film;
Fig. 3 is that molten condition of the polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer film of the embodiment of the present invention under 400 DEG C of high temperature is shone
Piece.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description to this hair
It is bright to be described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of solid propellant, using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as adhesive, polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer knot
Structure is as follows:
Wherein the value of m is in 8~12 ranges.
It is as shown in table 1 by the propellant formulation (each component is by mass percentage) of adhesive of the block polymer:
Table 1 is using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the propellant formulation of adhesive
Formula composition | Mass percent % |
Polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer | 7.79 |
TDI | 0.39 |
AP | 69.0 |
Al | 18.0 |
DOA | 4.1 |
T27 | 0.5 |
TPB | 0.01 |
Other | 0.21 |
It is pushed away using above-mentioned polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the mixing of the propellant of adhesive and pouring technology with general fourth hydroxyl
Similar into agent, curing process is also consistent (that is: curing process solidifies 7 days under the conditions of being 50 DEG C).The Composite Propellant Slurry of acquisition
Processing performance and propellant mechanical property as shown in table 2 and table 3.Table 2 is using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as adhesive
The processing performance test result of Composite Propellant Slurry
Note: the η in table 2 is viscosity, and τ y is yield value, is tested by rotational viscometer.
Table 3 is using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the mechanical property of the propellant of adhesive
Note: the σ in table 3mFor the maximum tensile strength, εmMaximum elongation rate, εbElongation at break.
From table 2 and table 3 as can be seen that being pushed away after with the fourth hydroxyl glue in polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer replacement HTPB propellant
Good processing performance and mechanical property are still kept into agent, can satisfy the needs of practical application.
The film that polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer is adhesive is heated to 400 DEG C, observes the melting characteristic of film, and
Compared with the fourth hydroxyl film under the same terms, polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer film 400 DEG C of molten conditions photo such as
Shown in Fig. 1, fourth hydroxyl glue film is as shown in Figure 2 in 400 DEG C of molten conditions.
It can be seen that the liquid that polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer film becomes good fluidity after the heating from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
Body, and fourth hydroxyl film is to be hardened to become fragile;And this characteristic of polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer is conducive to propellant by baking at a slow speed
Combustion test, improves the low vulnerability of propellant.
Embodiment 2
A kind of solid propellant, using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as adhesive, structure are as follows:
Wherein the value of m is in 8~12 ranges.
It is as shown in table 4 by the propellant formulation (each component is by mass percentage) of adhesive of the block polymer:
Table 4 is using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the propellant formulation of adhesive
Due to the addition of polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block and energetic plasticiser, the oxygen content in propellant increases, and can increase certain
The nitrolite of amount, while propellant can still keep higher efficiency of combustion.The energy of the propellant as obtained by theoretical calculation
88% solid content, the energy characteristics of the HTPB propellant of Al powder content 18.5% can be listed file names in table 5 as shown in table 5.
5 propellant formulation thermodynamic argument calculated result of table
Note: the condition of theoretical calculation: 25 DEG C, Pc=6.86MPa, Pa=1.01325MPa;C* is characterized speed in table 5;For specific impulse.
As can be seen from Table 5, it is still managed by the propellant of adhesive either density of polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer
Conventional HTPB propellant is all remarkably higher than by specific impulse, the energy characteristics of propellant dramatically increases.
The present embodiment it is as shown in table 6 as the processing performance of the propellant of adhesive using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer.
Table 6 is using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the processing performance of the propellant of adhesive
Note: the η in table 6 is viscosity, τyFor yield value, tested by rotational viscometer.
As can be seen from Table 6, propellant still keeps good processing performance.
Embodiment 3
A kind of solid propellant, using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as adhesive, structure are as follows:
Wherein the value of m is in 11~15 ranges.
It is as shown in table 7 by the propellant formulation (each component is by mass percentage) of adhesive of the block polymer:
Table 7 is using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the propellant formulation of adhesive
Formula composition | Mass percent % |
Polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer | 7.76 |
TDI | 0.40 |
AP | 58.0 |
HMX | 10.0 |
Al | 19.0 |
TEGDN | 4.6 |
TPB | 0.01 |
MAN | 0.07 |
Other | 0.16 |
The energy characteristics of the propellant as obtained by theoretical calculation is as shown in table 8, and 88% solid content has been listed file names in table 8,
The energy characteristics of the HTPB propellant of Al powder content 18.5%.
8 propellant formulation thermodynamic argument calculated result of table
Note: the condition of theoretical calculation: 25 DEG C, Pc=6.86MPa, Pa=1.01325MPa;C* is characterized speed in table 8;For specific impulse.
As can be seen from Table 8, equal using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the propellant density and theoretical specific impulse of adhesive
It is significantly higher than conventional HTPB propellant, the energy characteristics of propellant dramatically increases.
In addition, with the film that the block polymer makes, the state after being heated to 400 DEG C is as shown in Figure 3.It can from Fig. 3
It is preferable with the molten liquid mobility of the film of block polymer production to find out, it is considerably better than fourth hydroxyl film, can significantly improve and push away
Into the low rapid wear characteristic of agent.
Various embodiments of the present invention are described above, above description is exemplary, and non-exclusive, and
It is not limited to disclosed each embodiment.Without departing from the scope and spirit of illustrated each embodiment, for this skill
Many modifications and changes are obvious for the those of ordinary skill in art field.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention is answered
This is subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive, it is characterised in that: including following quality hundred
Divide the component than content:
Adhesive: 7%~10.0%;
Curing agent: 0.25%~1.5%;
Curing catalysts: 0~0.04%;
Oxidant: 50.0%~80.0%;
Energetic additive: 3.0%~15%;
Metal fuel: 3.0%~23%;
Plasticizer: 3.0%~10.0%;
Burning ratemodifier: 0.05~3.0%;
Bonding agent: 0.05%~0.2%;
Anti-aging agent: 0.05%~0.3%;
Described adhesive is polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer.
2. according to claim 1 using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive, feature exists
In: the polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer has general formula as follows:
Wherein, the value of x is in 60~80 ranges in general formula, m >=4, and the value of n >=4 and m+n are in 8~30 ranges.
3. according to claim 2 using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive, feature exists
In: the polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer molecular weight is 4000~7600.
4. according to claim 1 using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive, feature exists
In: the curing agent is one of toluene di-isocyanate(TDI), isophorone diisocyanate, dimer (fatty acid) yl diisocyanate
Or combination.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive, feature
Be: the curing catalysts are triphenyl bismuth, three (4- ethoxyl phenenyl) bismuths, three (3- ethoxyl phenenyl) bismuths, three (4- nitros
Phenyl) bismuth, one of three (3- nitrobenzophenone) bismuths.
6. according to claim 1 a kind of using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive, feature
Be: the oxidant is one of ammonium perchlorate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate or combination;The energetic additive is Losec support
One of the present, heisuojin, Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane or combination;The metal fuel is one of Al powder or Mg powder
Or combination.
7. according to claim 1 using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive, feature exists
In: the plasticizer be Plexol 201, dioctyl adipate, dioctyl phthalate, butyl nitre oxygen ethyl nitramine,
One of double 2,2- dinitro propyl alcohol formals/bis- 2,2- dinitro propyl alcohol acetal mixture, triethylene glycol dinitrate or
Combination.
8. according to claim 1 a kind of using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive, feature
Be: the burning ratemodifier is CuO, CuS, Cr2O3、PbCrO4、Fe2O3, calcium carbonate, calcirm-fluoride, magnesium fluoride, strontium carbonate, carbon
One of sour magnesium, ammonium oxalate, octyl ferrocene, butyl ferrocene, 2,2- (double ethyl dicyclopentadienyl iron bases) propane or combination.
9. according to claim 1 a kind of using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive, feature
Be: the bonding agent be three [1- (2- methyl) '-aziridino] phosphine oxygens), phenyl-diformyl Propyleneimine, tetren,
Butyl diethanolamine, triethanolamine, triethanolamine boron trifluoride complex, tetrahydroxyethyl-ethylene diamine, one in triethylenetetramine
Kind is several.
10. it is according to claim 1 a kind of using polyethers-fourth hydroxyl block polymer as the solid propellant of adhesive, it is special
Sign is: the anti-aging agent is antioxidant H (N, N '-diphenyl-para-phenylene diamine), 2,2 '-methylene-bis--(the special fourth of 4- methyl -6
Base phenol), N- methyl -2- nitroaniline, one or more of Hs (thiobis-(3,5- di-tert-butyl -4- hydroxybenzyl)).
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110330395A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-15 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | A kind of high intensity HTPB propellant and preparation method thereof |
CN110642662A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-03 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Solid propellant with nitrated hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene as adhesive |
CN110963874A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-07 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Solid propellant with polyester-butylated hydroxyanisole block polymer as adhesive |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110330395A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-15 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | A kind of high intensity HTPB propellant and preparation method thereof |
CN110330395B (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2021-06-22 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | High-strength butylated hydroxytoluene propellant and preparation method thereof |
CN110642662A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-03 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Solid propellant with nitrated hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene as adhesive |
CN110642662B (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-07-20 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Solid propellant with nitrated hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene as adhesive |
CN110963874A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-07 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | Solid propellant with polyester-butylated hydroxyanisole block polymer as adhesive |
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