CN111848243B

CN111848243B - Compost decomposing method for accelerating lignocellulose degradation

Info

Publication number: CN111848243B
Application number: CN202010729513.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李群良; 牛秋奇
Original assignee: Guangxi University
Current assignee: Guangxi University
Priority date: 2020-07-27
Filing date: 2020-07-27
Publication date: 2022-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-27
Also published as: CN111848243A

Abstract

The invention discloses a compost decomposing method for accelerating lignocellulose degradation, which comprises the following operation steps: (1) mixing the cow dung and the bagasse pith, respectively and uniformly spraying hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid solution into the mixture of the cow dung and the bagasse pith, and stirring and mixing to obtain compost; (2) fermenting the compost obtained in the step (1). The invention adopts the ascorbic acid and the hydrogen peroxide as additives, the additives have low cost, a small amount of innocuity, biodegradability and environmental protection, and can achieve the effect of accelerating compost fermentation, improve the compost efficiency and quality, have obvious effect of degrading lignocellulose and increase the humus content in the compost after fermentation.

Description

Compost decomposing method for accelerating lignocellulose degradation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of organic solid waste treatment and resource utilization research and application thereof, in particular to a compost decomposing method for accelerating lignocellulose degradation.

Background

With the vigorous development of agriculture and animal husbandry in China, a large amount of crop waste and livestock and poultry manure are brought, and if the treatment is improper, serious environmental pollution is brought. The livestock manure and the crop waste residues are used as raw materials for composting, can provide a large amount of high-quality organic fertilizers for crop planting, and realize green circulation. However, under natural conditions, the problems of low compost fermentation efficiency, difficult degradation of lignocellulose, low compost quality and the like are the key problems and technical bottlenecks which need to be solved urgently in the fields of compost and other organic solid waste treatment at present how to accelerate the degradation of lignocellulose and improve the compost efficiency.

In order to improve the composting efficiency, the composting fermentation is promoted by adjusting physical and chemical parameters, adding exogenous additives, improving the fermentation method and the like, wherein the exogenous additives comprise microbial additives, mineral additives and chemical additives. However, the addition of other chemical additives causes great pollution, high toxicity and high cost, secondary pollution may be caused after reaction, lignocellulose is difficult to degrade in the composting process, and the composting efficiency is low.

The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a compost decomposing method for accelerating lignocellulose degradation, thereby overcoming the defects of high cost, large pollution, high toxicity, difficult degradation of lignin fiber and low composting efficiency of chemical additives in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a compost composting method for accelerating lignocellulose degradation comprises the following operation steps:

(1) mixing cow dung and bagasse pith, and adding hydrogen peroxide (H)₂O₂) Spraying the mixture and ascorbic acid (ASCA) solution uniformly into the mixture of cow dung and bagasse pith, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain compost;

(2) fermenting the compost obtained in the step (1).

Preferably, in the step (1), the cow dung and the sugarcane pith are mixed according to the C/N ratio of 20-25:1, and the moisture content of the compost is controlled to be 60% -70%.

Preferably, the hydrogen peroxide in the step (1) is prepared by dissolving 2-5mL of hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 30% in 50mL of deionized water; the ascorbic acid (ASCA) solution is a solution prepared by dissolving 6-10g of ascorbic acid (ASCA) in 50mL of deionized water.

Preferably, the fermentation in step (2) is room temperature fermentation, and the fermentation time is 34 days.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention adopts ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide as additives, the additives have low cost, a small amount of non-toxicity, biodegradability and environmental friendliness, can achieve the effect of accelerating compost fermentation, improves the compost efficiency and quality, has obvious effect of degrading lignocellulose, and increases the content of humus in the compost after fermentation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the physical and chemical properties of the composting process of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a temperature change diagram in the composting process, (b) is an organic matter content change diagram in the composting process, (c) is a water content change diagram in the composting process, and (d) is a pH change diagram in the composting process.

FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the humic substance content in the composting process of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the relative abundance distribution of bacteria at the phylum level in compost of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the relative abundance distribution of bacteria at the genus level in the compost of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is to be read in connection with specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. The raw materials used in the examples were all commercially available unless otherwise specified. The ascorbic acid used in the examples is also vitamin C, which is commercially available.

Example 1

A compost decomposing method for accelerating lignocellulose degradation comprises the following specific operation steps:

(1) uniformly mixing fresh cow dung and bagasse pith according to the C/N ratio of 20:1 (the total mass of the fresh cow dung and the bagasse pith is 20kg), and adding 4mL of H with the mass concentration of 30%₂O₂Respectively dissolving 8g of ASCA in 50mL of deionized water, respectively and uniformly spraying the ASCA to the mixture of cow dung and bagasse pith, controlling the water content to be 70% after mixing, uniformly stirring, and fully mixing to obtain compost;

(2) and (2) putting the compost obtained in the step (1) into a compost fermentation tank for room temperature fermentation, wherein the room temperature is 17.5-27.5 ℃, the temperature is measured every day, samples are periodically sampled and measured, the temperature change interval in the fermentation process is 19.8-61.5 ℃, the fermentation time is 34 days, and the temperature in the fermentation process is higher than 45 ℃ for 12 days.

Example 2

(1) uniformly mixing fresh cow dung and bagasse pith according to the C/N ratio of 25:1 (the total mass of the fresh cow dung and the bagasse pith is 20kg), and mixing 2mL of H with the mass concentration of 30%₂O₂And 6g of ASCA are respectively dissolved in 50mL of deionized water, and then are respectively and uniformly sprayed into the mixture of cow dung and bagasse pith, the water content is controlled to be 60% after mixing, the materials are uniformly stirred and fully mixed, and compost is obtained;

(2) and (2) putting the compost obtained in the step (1) into a compost fermentation tank for room temperature fermentation, wherein the room temperature is 17-27 ℃, the temperature is measured every day, samples are periodically sampled and measured, the temperature change interval in the fermentation process is 20-60 ℃, the fermentation time is 34 days, and the temperature in the fermentation process is higher than 45 ℃ for about 12 days.

Example 3

(1) uniformly mixing fresh cow dung and bagasse pith according to the C/N ratio of 22:1 (the total mass of the fresh cow dung and the bagasse pith is 20kg), and adding 5mL of H with the mass concentration of 30%₂O₂And 10g of ASCA are respectively dissolved in 50mL of deionized water, and then are respectively and uniformly sprayed into the mixture of cow dung and bagasse pith, the water content is controlled to be 65% after mixing, the materials are uniformly stirred and fully mixed, and compost is obtained;

Comparative example 1

The hydrogen peroxide solution and the ascorbic acid solution were replaced with clear water, and the rest of the procedure was exactly the same as in example 1, as a control group (CK group). Measuring temperature every day, sampling and measuring samples regularly, and detecting the change of physicochemical parameters, the change of microorganisms, the change of humus content and the like in the fermentation process.

From figure 1, the temperature change in the composting process can be seen, and the temperature change trends of the two groups in the composting process accord with the change rule of the composting temperature. On the next day, both sets of compost reached a high temperature phase, in which hydrogen peroxide (H) was added₂O₂) And ascorbic acid (ASCA) the composting temperature of example 1 reached 55.7 ℃ and the temperature of comparative example 1 reached 50.7 ℃, possibly due to the addition of H₂O₂And ASCA takes it ahead and speeds the composting process. Example 1(T group) exhibited a maximum temperature of 61.5 ℃ on day 3, the maximum temperature of 56.2 ℃ for comparative example 1(CK group) was exhibited on day 3, the T group was higher than the CK group, the temperature difference was 5.3 ℃, and the T group high temperature period was always higher than the control group. The temperature drop is caused by the continuous decomposition of organic matters which are easy to degrade in the composting process, the gradual reduction of the metabolism speed of the microorganisms and the rapid drop of the room temperature (12 months of Nanning). Due to south Ning weather and stack turning emissionDue to the influence of heat, the temperature of the T and CK groups decreased sharply at day 14, and then increased by the increase in room temperature. And then the temperature of the pile body is basically similar to the room temperature due to the rapid decrease of the temperature of the Nanning in rainy days on the 20 th day, and the temperature is increased along with the change of weather sunny days, the turning of the pile to provide oxygen and other influence factors on the 24 th day. The temperature of the pile is closely related to the metabolic activity of microorganisms, and the higher the temperature is, the stronger the activity of the microorganisms is, and the stronger the activity of the microorganisms is, the more organic matters are decomposed. The organic content plot shows that the T group degrades significantly faster than the CK group.

FIG. 2 shows that the content of humus changes in the composting process, the T group shows a continuous rising trend, the CK group shows a descending trend and an ascending trend, and unstable simple compounds are possibly decomposed when the CK group descends in the early stage of the composting. The content of humus in the T group is obviously higher than that in the CK group, and the content of humus in the T group reaches 179.2g/kg and is increased by 47.17 percent until composting is finished; CK group reached 147.8g/kg, an increase of 28.75%. The early composting stage and the mature stage of the T group are obviously increased, and the addition of hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid can accelerate the formation of humus in the stages, thereby improving the composting efficiency.

FIG. 3 shows the change of the microbial community structure in the compost at the phylum level, the Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacillus, Chloroflexis and Bacteroides being the most advantageous five of the T-and CK-group composts. The early stages of composting are basically similar, in the thermophilic stage, the relative abundance of Firmicutes (Firmicutes) in the group T is greatly higher than that of the group CK, and the Firmicutes have better degradation effect on organic matters and cellulose after the temperature reduction stage. Proteobacteria (Proteobacteria) is relatively abundant in thermophilic, hypothermic and maturation stages, and a fraction of Proteobacteria is associated with the degradation of certain small molecules and nitrogen fixation, such as glucose, propionate and butyrate. The actinomycetales (Actinobacteria) kill pathogenic microorganisms in the compost by producing various antibiotics during the composting process, which are significantly higher in the T group than in the CK group during the hyperthermia and maturation periods. The purpose of composting is to accelerate the degradation of lignocellulose, the addition of hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid can increase the number of degrading bacteria, the higher the abundance of the bacteria is, the more the degraded organic matters and lignocellulose are, the higher the decomposition degree is, the harmful bacteria are reduced, and the improvement of the quality of the compost is facilitated.

Fig. 4 shows the change of the microbial community structure in the compost at the genus level, and the relative abundance of the microbial community structure is obviously changed in different stages of the compost. In the temperature rise stage, the T group and the CK group are basically the same; in the thermophilic stage, the diversity of the bacterial community of the T group is greater than that of the CK group; in the cooling stage and the maturation stage, the beneficial bacteria in the T group are obviously higher than those in the CK group. In the thermophilic stage and the cooling stage, Bacillus (Bacillus) with the relative abundance of the group T higher than that of the group CK can secrete various natural and nontoxic proteins and hormone active substances, enhance the resistance of crops, improve the soil, promote the growth of the crops, are very important to the quality of the crops and improve the quality of compost.

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A compost composting method for accelerating the degradation of lignocellulose is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:

(1) mixing the cow dung and the bagasse pith, respectively and uniformly spraying hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid solution into the mixture of the cow dung and the bagasse pith, and stirring and mixing to obtain compost;

(2) fermenting the compost obtained in the step (1).

2. A compost composting method as claimed in claim 1 wherein: in the step (1), the cow dung and the bagasse pith are mixed according to the ratio of C/N of 20-25:1, and the moisture content of the compost is controlled to be 60-70%.

3. A compost composting method as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the hydrogen peroxide in the step (1) is prepared by dissolving 2-5mL of hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 30% in 50mL of deionized water; the ascorbic acid solution is a solution prepared by dissolving 6-10g of ascorbic acid in 50mL of deionized water.

4. A compost composting method as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the fermentation in the step (2) is room temperature fermentation, and the fermentation time is 34 days.