CN111848143A - 一种高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料 - Google Patents

一种高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料 Download PDF

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CN111848143A
CN111848143A CN202010737972.4A CN202010737972A CN111848143A CN 111848143 A CN111848143 A CN 111848143A CN 202010737972 A CN202010737972 A CN 202010737972A CN 111848143 A CN111848143 A CN 111848143A
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silicon carbide
alumina
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赵惠忠
程水明
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Wuhan Research Institute of Metallurgical Construction Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种高热态强度的氧化铝‑碳化硅‑炭质浇注料。其技术方案是:所述氧化铝‑碳化硅‑炭质浇注料的组分及其含量是:致密刚玉骨料为58~62wt%;碳化硅颗粒为6~10wt%;球沥青为2~3wt%;氧化铝微粉为4~10wt%;二氧化硅微粉为4~5wt%;碳化硅粉为7~10wt%;硅粉为1~1.5wt%;致密刚玉细粉为6~9wt%;聚丙烯酸为0.1~0.2wt%。按所述组分及其含量配料,混合;再加入各组分总质量3~3.3wt%的水,搅拌均匀,振动成型,自然干燥24h,在110℃条件下热处理24h,制得高热态强度的氧化铝‑碳化硅‑炭质浇注料。本发明具有热态强度高、致密度高和体积稳定性好的特点。

Description

一种高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料
技术领域
本发明属于氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料技术领域。具体涉及一种高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料。
背景技术
目前,国内高炉出铁场大多使用氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质耐火浇注料,这类浇注料主要使用在出铁场铁沟部位。铁沟在运行过程中,长期受到1450℃以上铁水和熔渣的强烈冲刷与溶蚀,铁沟浇注料的服役环境极为苛刻,而热态强度是最能反映氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料在这种高温冲刷下材料应用性能的重要指标。
铁沟浇注料的结合性能直接影响材料的热态强度。针对铁沟浇注料的结合体系研究,国内外大多采用水泥作为结合剂,这主要由于水泥结合的铁沟浇注料具有优良的常温强度,施工也较为方便;然而铁沟浇注料体系中即使选用高档优质的耐火原料,也无法避免因水泥引入而生成钙长石等低熔点物相,恶化了材料的高温性能,从而严重制约了氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的热态强度。
此外,国内外技术人员为达到氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质铁沟浇注料无水泥化的目的,主要是采用硅溶胶或者水硬性氧化铝来替代水泥,提供铁沟浇注料的早期强度。然而,硅溶胶因其自身无法克服的缺点(如施工性能较差、冬季结冰失效、含水量高等),使用效果相比水泥结合铁沟浇注料无显著优势,而且对铁沟浇注料热态强度的提高亦不明显。水硬性氧化铝作为结合剂,在铁沟浇注料中替代水泥结合,不但结合强度较低,且水硬性氧化铝的稳定性较差,尤其水化速率受外界温度波动的影响极其敏感,同时中温条件下(800~1100℃)失去结晶水的过程会产生大量的微裂纹,使材料的结构致密程度降低。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服现有技术缺陷,目的在于提供一种高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料,所述氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料热态强度高、致密度高和体积稳定性好。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的组分及其含量是:
Figure BDA0002605663070000011
Figure BDA0002605663070000021
所述致密刚玉骨料的化学成分是:Al2O3>98.5wt%,Fe2O3<0.2wt%;所述致密刚玉骨料的粒径为1~8mm。
所述碳化硅颗粒的化学成分是:SiC含量≥98.5%,Fe2O3<0.3wt%;所述碳化硅颗粒的粒度为0.1~1mm。
所述球沥青的粒度≤1.5mm。
所述氧化铝微粉的化学成分是:Al2O3>99.5wt%,Na2O<0.1wt%;所述氧化铝微粉的粒度≤2μm。
所述二氧化硅微粉的SiO2>99wt%,所述二氧化硅微粉的体积平均粒径≤0.3μm。
所述碳化硅粉的SiC含量≥98%;所述碳化硅粉的粒度≤74μm。
所述硅粉的Si含量>98.5%;所述硅粉的粒度≤45μm。
所述致密刚玉细粉的化学成分是:Al2O3>98.5wt%,Fe2O3<0.2wt%;所述致密刚玉细粉的粒度为≤74μm。
按所述高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的组分及其含量配料,混合;再加入各组分总质量3~3.3wt%的水,搅拌均匀,振动成型,自然干燥24h,在110℃条件下热处理24h,制得高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料(以下称氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料)。
由于采用上述技术方案,本发明与现有技术相比的有积极效果是:
(1)本发明采用二氧化硅微粉为主结合剂,氧化铝微粉作为助结合剂及促凝剂,减少了浇注料的加水量,一方面减少了高温服役环境下材料体系中水分逸出所产生的孔隙,致密度高和体积稳定性好;另一方面也避免了低熔点物相的形成而损害氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的热态强度,热态强度高。
(2)本发明通过二氧化硅微粉、氧化铝微粉的粒级匹配,增强了氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料基质中粉料的直接结合,有利于材料服役初期形成大量针状莫来石,进而穿插填充基质细粉料的空隙,进一步提高了氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的热态强度。
本发明制备的高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料经1450℃×3h埋碳烧后测定:体积密度为3.00~3.04g/cm3;1400℃抗折强度为12.0~18.8MPa,1450℃×3h烧后常温抗折强度为13.5~17.8MPa。
因此,本发明制备的高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料具有热态强度高、致密度高和体积稳定性好的特点。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,下面结合具体实施方式进一步阐明本发明的内容,但本发明的内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。
为避免重复,现将本具体实施方式所涉及的化学组分统一描述如下,实施例中不再赘述:
所述致密刚玉骨料的化学成分是:Al2O3>98.5wt%,Fe2O3<0.2wt%;所述致密刚玉骨料的粒径为1~8mm。
所述碳化硅颗粒的化学成分是:SiC含量≥98.5%,Fe2O3<0.3wt%;所述碳化硅颗粒的粒度为0.1~1mm。
所述球沥青的粒度≤1.5mm。
所述氧化铝微粉的化学成分是:Al2O3>99.5wt%,Na2O<0.1wt%;所述氧化铝微粉的粒度≤2μm。
所述二氧化硅微粉的SiO2>99wt%,所述二氧化硅微粉的体积平均粒径≤0.3μm。
所述碳化硅粉的SiC含量≥98%;所述碳化硅粉的粒度≤74μm。
所述硅粉的Si含量>98.5%;所述硅粉的粒度≤45μm。
所述致密刚玉细粉的化学成分是:Al2O3>98.5wt%,Fe2O3<0.2wt%;所述致密刚玉细粉的粒度为≤74μm。
实施例1
一种高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料。所述氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的组分及其含量是:
Figure BDA0002605663070000031
按所述氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的组分及其含量配料,混合;再加入各组分总质量3.2wt%的水,搅拌均匀,振动成型,自然干燥24h,在110℃下热处理24h,制得高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料。
本实施例制备的高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料经性能检测,结果如表1所示(检测结果为3次平均检测结果,下同)。
表1实施例1制备的高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的性能检测结果
Figure BDA0002605663070000041
实施例2
一种高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料。所述氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的组分及其含量是:
Figure BDA0002605663070000042
按所述氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的组分及其含量配料,混合;再加入各组分总质量3.1wt%的水,搅拌均匀,振动成型,自然干燥24h,在110℃下热处理24h,制得高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料。
本实施例制备的高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料经性能检测,结果如表2所示。
表2实施例2制备的高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的性能检测结果
Figure BDA0002605663070000051
实施例3
一种高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料。所述氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的组分及其含量是:
Figure BDA0002605663070000052
按所述氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的组分及其含量配料,混合;再加入各组分总质量3.0wt%的水,搅拌均匀,振动成型,自然干燥24h,在110℃下热处理24h,制得高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料。
本实施例制备的高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料经性能检测,结果如表3所示。
表3实施例3制备的高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的性能检测结果
Figure BDA0002605663070000053
Figure BDA0002605663070000061
实施例4
一种高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料。所述氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的组分及其含量是:
Figure BDA0002605663070000062
按所述氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的组分及其含量配料,混合;再加入各组分总质量3.3wt%的水,搅拌均匀,振动成型,自然干燥24h,在110℃下热处理24h,制得高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料。
本实施例制备的高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料经性能检测,结果如表4所示。
表4实施例4制备的高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的性能检测结果
Figure BDA0002605663070000063
本具体实施方式与现有技术相比的有积极效果是:
(1)本具体实施方式采用二氧化硅微粉为主结合剂,氧化铝微粉作为助结合剂及促凝剂,减少了浇注料的加水量,一方面减少了高温服役环境下材料体系中水分逸出所产生的孔隙,致密度高和体积稳定性好;另一方面也避免了低熔点物相的形成而损害氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的热态强度,热态强度高。
(2)本具体实施方式通过二氧化硅微粉、氧化铝微粉的粒级匹配,增强了氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料基质中粉料的直接结合,有利于材料服役初期形成大量针状莫来石,进而穿插填充基质细粉料的空隙,进一步提高了氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的热态强度。
本具体实施方式制备的高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料经1450℃×3h埋碳烧后测定:体积密度为3.00~3.04g/cm3;1400℃抗折强度为12.0~18.8MPa,1450℃×3h烧后常温抗折强度为13.5~17.8MPa。
因此,本具体实施方式制备的所述氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料具有热态强度高、致密度高和体积稳定性好的特点。

Claims (9)

1.一种高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料,其特征在于所述氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料的组分及其含量是:
Figure FDA0002605663060000011
2.根据权利要求1所述高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料,其特征在于所述致密刚玉骨料的化学成分是:Al2O3>98.5wt%,Fe2O3<0.2wt%;所述致密刚玉骨料的粒径为1~8mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料,其特征在于所述碳化硅颗粒的化学成分是:SiC含量≥98.5%,Fe2O3<0.3wt%;所述碳化硅颗粒的粒度为0.1~1mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料,其特征在于所述球沥青的粒度≤1.5mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料,其特征在于所述氧化铝微粉的化学成分是:Al2O3>99.5wt%,Na2O<0.1wt%;所述氧化铝微粉的粒度≤2μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料,其特征在于所述二氧化硅微粉的SiO2>99wt%,所述二氧化硅微粉的体积平均粒径≤0.3μm。
7.根据权利要求1所述高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料,其特征在于所述碳化硅粉的SiC含量≥98%;所述碳化硅粉的粒度≤74μm。
8.根据权利要求1所述高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料,其特征在于所述硅粉的Si含量>98.5%;所述硅粉的粒度≤45μm。
9.根据权利要求1所述高热态强度的氧化铝-碳化硅-炭质浇注料,其特征在于所述致密刚玉细粉的化学成分是:Al2O3>98.5wt%,Fe2O3<0.2wt%;所述致密刚玉细粉的粒度为≤74μm。
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