CN111838044A - Underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture - Google Patents
Underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture Download PDFInfo
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- CN111838044A CN111838044A CN202010803045.8A CN202010803045A CN111838044A CN 111838044 A CN111838044 A CN 111838044A CN 202010803045 A CN202010803045 A CN 202010803045A CN 111838044 A CN111838044 A CN 111838044A
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- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture, which is suitable for multifunctional underwater feeding of full-floating cages, semi-submersible cages and bottom-seated cages. Comprises a cyclone vortex mixer, a seawater pipeline, a main feeding pipeline and a feed feeding manifold; wherein, the cyclone vortex mixer comprises an air-assisted feed dispersing bin and a seawater turbine bin; the seawater turbine bin comprises a plurality of seawater inlets and vortex guide plates, and the bottoms of the vortex guide plates are connected with the main feeding pipeline; the upper end of each seawater pipeline is communicated with the corresponding seawater inlet, and the lower end of each seawater pipeline is connected with a seawater submersible pump immersed in seawater so as to pump the seawater into the seawater turbine bin to form a downward rotating vortex to drive feed to enter the main feeding pipeline; and a plurality of feed feeding manifolds are arranged at the lower end of the main feeding pipeline and used for feeding the feed in the main feeding pipeline into the aquaculture water space through the feed feeding manifolds in a multi-point mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine cage culture equipment, and particularly relates to an underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture.
Background
Mariculture in China is currently mainly focused on tidal flats, estuaries and shallow sea areas outside the estuaries. The excessive development of offshore mariculture has caused the bearing capacity of resource environment to reach or approach the upper limit, and the quality of bay water in some areas is eutrophicated, has more sediments and has more serious biological pollution. Therefore, in many areas, the development of deep and open sea aquaculture is taken as an important means for constructing a modern marine industrial system, the demand for expanding the deep and open sea aquaculture space is increasingly strong, and the development of offshore deep-water anti-wave cage aquaculture from offshore to offshore is promoted by relying on modern engineering science and technology and information technology, so that a batch of deep-water cage aquaculture bases are built. Therefore, deep open sea aquaculture is developed in offshore areas as an important means for building modern marine industrial systems.
In the existing offshore cage culture mode, a Norwegian rotary screen is mainly adopted, and the structure of the Norwegian rotary screen is an opening floating on the sea surface. The feeding mode is manual or mechanical air throwing, the feed is sprayed to the water surface from the air and gradually sinks, and fish flocks gather on the surface water surface to take the feed. The feeding mode brings two problems, one of which is that the mode is only suitable for the full-floating net cage floating on the sea surface, and the mode is not suitable for the wind-wave resistant semi-submersible or base net cage. Secondly, even the box with a net is in the full-floating operating mode, we also hope that the shoal of fish stops in darker waters as much as possible most of the time, reduced the fodder waste, so can not only reduce the danger that the shoal of fish infects harmful microorganism and parasite, also avoided the sea bird to fight for the fodder, no longer need install additional bird prevention net.
In view of the above reasons, it is urgently needed to design a multifunctional underwater feeding device for three net cages of full-floating, semi-submersible and bottom-sitting, and the intelligent feeding system is matched to realize intelligent and full-automatic deep and open sea net cage feeding.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides an underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture, which can be used for multifunctional underwater feeding of three cages, namely a full-floating cage, a semi-submersible cage and a bottom-seated cage, and comprises a cyclone vortex mixer, a pipeline structure and a feed feeding manifold; the cyclone vortex mixer comprises an air-conveying feed dispersing bin and a seawater vortex bin, the seawater vortex bin is connected with a main feeding pipeline, and the main feeding pipeline is connected with a feed feeding manifold; the fodder that gets into through the transmission of wind send fodder to insert the mouth, through wind send fodder dispersion storehouse and sea water vortex storehouse, get into the main pipeline of throwing something and feeding, finally get into deep water from fodder feeding manifold discharge gate, realize under water the multiple spot and throw something and feed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture, which comprises a cyclone vortex mixer, a seawater pipeline, a main feeding pipeline and a feed feeding manifold, wherein the cyclone vortex mixer is connected with the seawater pipeline; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the cyclone vortex mixer comprises an air-conveying feed dispersing bin and a seawater turbine bin, and the air-conveying feed dispersing bin comprises a central shaft and a rotary impeller arranged around the central shaft in the circumferential direction so as to separate feed in feed air mixed airflow and enable the feed to fall into the seawater turbine bin; the seawater turbine bin comprises a plurality of seawater inlets and vortex guide plates, and the bottoms of the vortex guide plates are connected with the main feeding pipeline;
the upper end of each seawater pipeline is communicated with the corresponding seawater inlet, and the lower end of each seawater pipeline is connected with a seawater submersible pump immersed in seawater so as to pump the seawater into the seawater turbine bin to form a downward rotating vortex to drive feed to enter the main feeding pipeline;
and a plurality of feed feeding manifolds are arranged at the lower end of the main feeding pipeline and used for feeding the feed in the main feeding pipeline into the aquaculture water space through the feed feeding manifolds in a multi-point mode.
Furthermore, the bottom end of the main feeding pipeline is of a pipeline reducing structure, the pipeline reducing structure is connected with a plurality of upper structure ring part supports through an upper structure ring inner lantern ring, and the supporting end parts of the upper structure ring parts are fixed through the upper structure ring parts.
Furthermore, a plurality of feed feeding manifolds are arranged on the pipeline reducing structure in the circumferential direction, and each feed feeding manifold is fixed through a lower structural ring piece.
Furthermore, the upper structural ring piece and the lower structural ring piece are arranged in a vertically upward corresponding mode, a plurality of underwater lighting systems are arranged between the upper structural ring piece and the lower structural ring piece, and the underwater lighting systems are respectively connected with the upper structural ring piece and the lower structural ring piece through connecting pieces at two ends.
Furthermore, the upper structural ring piece is communicated with a compressed air pipeline, the upper end of the compressed air pipeline is connected with a compressed air inlet arranged on the air feed dispersing bin, the lower end of the compressed air pipeline is connected with the upper structural ring piece, and dense air bubbles with proper sizes are blown out through small holes uniformly distributed in the upper structural ring piece.
Furthermore, the compressed air pipeline, the strong current pipeline and the weak current pipeline are arranged between the adjacent seawater pipelines, wherein the strong current pipeline and the weak current pipeline are respectively communicated with a strong current access port and a weak current access port which are arranged on one side of the cyclone vortex mixer.
Further, be equipped with the baffle on wind send fodder dispersion storehouse and the sea water turbine storehouse junction transversely, just be equipped with a plurality of baffle trompils of evenly arranging on the baffle, in order with the fodder of separation in the wind send fodder dispersion storehouse, follow the baffle trompil falls into to in the sea water whirlpool storehouse.
Furthermore, the top surface of the air-conveying feed dispersing bin is provided with a ventilation net cover so as to discharge air separated from the feed air mixed airflow.
Furthermore, an environment monitoring sensor and a panoramic monitoring camera are arranged at the bottom of the cyclone vortex mixer and are communicated with a remote communication and control system arranged at the top of the cyclone vortex mixer; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the environment monitoring sensor is used for monitoring the temperature, oxygen content, salinity, density, water level, water pressure, pH value, water flow speed, water flow direction, actual conductivity, total dissolved solids, resistivity and/or transparency of the seawater;
the panoramic monitoring camera is used for providing an all-dimensional and multi-angle fish school feeding image and monitoring the size, the condition or the appetite of a fish body.
Further, the cyclone vortex mixer and the remote communication and control device are located above sea level;
for the full-floating net cage and the semi-submersible net cage, the feeding device is fixedly connected with the feeding net cage through a mounting structure fixed outside the main feeding pipeline;
for the net cage with the base, in the feeding device, the water surface part of the feeding device and the net cage installation part of the feeding device are connected through a comprehensive connecting hose, so that the net cage installation part of the feeding device is positioned at a suitable feeding point underwater.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention relates to an underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture, which comprises a cyclone vortex mixer, a pipeline structure and a feed feeding manifold; the cyclone vortex mixer comprises an air-conveying feed dispersing bin and a seawater vortex bin, the seawater vortex bin is connected with a main feeding pipeline, and the main feeding pipeline is connected with a feed feeding manifold; the fodder that gets into through the transmission of wind send fodder to insert the mouth, through wind send fodder dispersion storehouse and sea water vortex storehouse, get into the main pipeline of throwing something and feeding, finally get into deep water from fodder feeding manifold discharge gate, realize under water the multiple spot and throw something and feed.
(2) The underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture is suitable for full-floating cages, semi-submersible cages and bottom-seated cages, the cyclone vortex mixer and the remote communication and control device are positioned above the sea level, for the semi-submersible cages, the feeding device is fixedly connected with the feeding cage through a mounting structure fixed outside a main feeding pipeline, and for the bottom-seated cages, the water surface part of the feeding device and the cage mounting part of the feeding device are connected through a comprehensive connecting hose, so that a feeding outlet can be positioned at an underwater proper feeding point.
(3) The bottom of the underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture is provided with the environment monitoring sensor which integrates the functions of various sensors, and the connecting end of the environment monitoring sensor is fixed with the upper structural circular ring piece and the lower structural circular ring piece, so that the feeding scheme can be adjusted in real time through the detection of data such as temperature, oxygen content, salinity, water flow speed direction, pH value and the like and the remote communication and control system according to the detection data;
(4) according to the underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture, the panoramic monitoring camera is arranged, so that an all-dimensional and multi-angle fish school feeding image can be provided, various information such as the size, the condition and the appetite of a fish body can be measured, and the information can be uploaded to a remote communication and control system, so that a reference is provided for feeding of managers.
(5) According to the underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture, the bubble generator is arranged in the upper structural ring piece, and the fishes swallow to generate air bubbles to adjust the buoyancy of the fishes, so that the physical energy consumed by floating and swimming is reduced, and the feed conversion rate of the fishes is improved. Under the extremely low air pressure environment, the oxygen content of the seawater in a local water area can be increased by opening the bubble generator, so that the oxygen deficiency of the fishes and the outbreak of anaerobic microorganisms are prevented. In addition, when the fish is infected by diseases, ozone auxiliary medicine can be added into the bubble generator source to treat the fish diseases.
(6) According to the underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture, the plurality of underwater lighting systems are arranged between the outer frames of the circular ring members, so that stable and accurate illumination can be realized, the profit can be increased, and the maturity of a plurality of aquaculture varieties can be reduced by correctly using the underwater lighting systems. In addition, the growth speed can be increased, and the feed conversion rate can be improved. And UV illumination is introduced into lamplight, so that the damage of marine microorganisms and parasites to fish is reduced, and the cleaning of surrounding seawater is facilitated. The light supplement lamp of the underwater lighting system is arranged at the middle position of the aquaculture net cage. Can cover the whole culture net cage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a feed feeding manifold of the underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the marine cage culture underwater multifunctional feeding device according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the partition board in FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is an installation state diagram of the marine net cage culture underwater multifunctional feeding device for the semi-submersible net cage and the full-floating net cage according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an installation state of the multifunctional underwater feeding device for marine aquaculture in a submersible net cage according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a partial enlarged view of the water-surface portion structure in FIG. 9 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a top view of the floating ball structure shown in FIG. 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12a is a schematic cross-sectional view of the two-way connection structure of the pipeline in FIG. 9 according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12b is a top view of the embodiment of FIG. 12 a.
In all the figures, the same reference numerals denote the same features, in particular: 1-wireless remote communication and control device, 2-cyclone vortex mixer, 3-strong and weak electrical interface, 4-seawater pipeline, 5-compressed air inlet, 6-wind feed inlet, 7-upper mounting structure, 8-lower mounting structure, 9-compressed air pipeline, 10-main feeding pipeline, 11-pipeline reducing structure, 12-upper structure circular ring inner lantern ring, 13-upper structure circular ring support, 14-bubble generator, 15-lower structure circular ring, 16-seawater submersible pump, 17-underwater lighting system, 18-feed feeding manifold, 19-environment monitoring sensor, 20-panoramic monitoring camera, 21-strong electrical pipeline, 22-weak electrical pipeline, 23-feeding device water surface part, 24-pipeline bidirectional connector, 25-comprehensive connecting hose, 26-net cage mounting part of feeding device and 27-floating ball;
101-control communication system outer contour; 201-a ventilation screen cover, 202-an air-conveying feed dispersing bin, 203-a partition plate, 204-a seawater vortex bin, 205-a cone structure, 206-a dispersing impeller, 207-a central shaft, 208-a bracket, 209-a partition plate opening, 210-a seawater inlet and 211-a vortex guide plate; 301-strong current access port, 302-weak current access port.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. "over," "above," and "overlying" a first feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or that only the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 2 is a top view of a feed feeding manifold of the underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture according to the embodiment of the invention; as shown in the figure, the underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture comprises a wireless remote communication and control device 1, a cyclone vortex mixer 2, a pipeline structure and a feed feeding manifold 18; wherein the cyclone vortex mixer 2 comprises an air-assisted feed dispersing bin 202, a seawater turbine bin 204 and a partition plate 203 which is transversely arranged between an upper bin body and a lower bin body; the pipeline structure comprises a compressed air pipeline 9, a main feeding pipeline 10 and a seawater pipeline 4.
Specifically, fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture according to the embodiment of the invention, and fig. 4 to 7 are schematic sectional views along a-a, along a partition, along B-B and along C-C in fig. 3 according to the embodiment of the invention. As shown in the figure, the cyclone vortex mixer 2 comprises an air-assisted feed dispersing bin 202 (upper bin body) and a seawater turbine bin 204 (lower bin body), and a partition plate 203 is transversely arranged between the two bin bodies. Wherein, the side of the air-feeding feed dispersing bin 202 is provided with an air-feeding feed inlet 6 for further conveying the conveyed feed to each corresponding feeding pipeline. The side surface of the air feed dispersing bin 202 is also provided with a compressed air inlet 5, and the compressed air inlet 5 is communicated with a compressed air pipeline 9 and used for introducing compressed air; the top surface of the air-assisted feed dispersing bin 202 is provided with a ventilation mesh enclosure 201 for discharging separated air.
The cross-sectional structure of the feed distributing bin shown in fig. 4 is provided with a central shaft 207 in the middle, and a plurality of distributing impellers 206 are circumferentially arranged on the outer part of the central shaft 207, and the distributing impellers 206 are uniformly arranged and can rotate around the central shaft 207. In addition, the air feed inlet 6 and the compressed air inlet 6 are both fixed on the bracket 208.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional structure along the partition plate, a plurality of partition plate openings 209 are uniformly arranged on the partition plate 203, so that the feed delivered from the air feed inlet 6 into the air feed dispersion chamber 202 falls into the seawater vortex chamber 204 through the partition plate openings 209.
In the sectional structure of the seawater turbine bin shown in fig. 6, a plurality of seawater inlets 210 are arranged on the side surface of the seawater turbine bin 204, a plurality of vortex guide plates 211 are arranged on the seawater turbine bin 204, and the bottoms of the vortex guide plates 211 are communicated with the main feeding pipeline 10; the bottom of the seawater vortex bin 204 is a cone structure 205, and preferably, the bottom aperture of the cone structure 205 is matched with the aperture of the main feeding pipeline 10.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in fig. 3, which is a transverse cross-sectional view of the pipeline structure of the present invention, in which, as shown in the figure, a plurality of seawater conduits 4 are provided around the main feeding pipeline 10, the seawater conduits 4 are communicated with corresponding seawater inlets 210 on the side of the seawater whirling chamber 204, and the number of the seawater conduits 4 is the same as the number of the seawater inlets 210. Still be equipped with compressed air pipeline 9, strong electric pipeline 21 and weak electric pipeline 22 between the adjacent sea water pipeline 4 at the interval, wherein compressed air pipeline 9 is linked together with compressed air entry 5, and strong electric pipeline 21 and weak electric pipeline 22 communicate with strong electric access 301 and weak electric access 302 of locating whirlwind vortex mixer 2 one side respectively.
The upper end of the seawater pipeline 4 is connected with a seawater inlet 210, the lower end of the seawater pipeline 4 is connected with a seawater submersible pump 16 immersed in seawater, the seawater submersible pump 16 corresponds to the seawater pipeline 4 and the seawater inlet 210, the seawater submersible pump 16 pumps seawater into the seawater vortex bin 204 from the corresponding seawater inlet 210, and multiple strands of seawater form downward vortex in the seawater vortex bin 204 to drive feed falling from the air-conveying feed dispersion bin 202 to enter the main feeding pipeline 10.
The lower end of the main feeding pipeline 10 is provided with a pipeline reducing structure 11, the pipeline reducing structure 11 is connected with a plurality of upper structure ring piece supports 13 which are arranged annularly through upper structure ring inner lantern rings 12, the end parts of the upper structure ring piece supports 13 are fixed through upper structure ring pieces 14, and a bubble generator is arranged in the upper structure ring piece supports 13; a plurality of feed feeding manifolds 18 are also annularly arranged on the pipeline reducing structure 11, and the feed feeding manifolds 18 are fixed through a lower structural ring piece 15; the feed feeding manifold 18 is used for distributing the feed of the main feeding pipeline 10 to each manifold, and feeding the feed into the aquaculture water space from the outlet of the manifold to realize underwater multi-point feeding. The feeding port of the feed feeding manifold 18 of the feeding device is arranged in the middle of the depth of the aquaculture water body, so that normal feeding of the net cage in a semi-submerged state can be realized, and fish schools can stay in deep water areas in a large number of time periods.
The upper structure ring part 14 and the lower structure ring part 15 are vertically and correspondingly arranged, a plurality of underwater lighting systems 17 are arranged between the outer frames of the ring parts, the underwater lighting systems 17 are respectively connected with the upper structure ring part 14 and the lower structure ring part 15 through connecting pieces at two ends, for the underwater lighting systems 17, the stable and accurate illumination can increase profits, and the maturity of a plurality of aquaculture varieties can be reduced by correctly using the underwater lighting systems 17. In addition, the growth speed can be increased, and the feed conversion rate can be improved. The underwater light series is suitable for salmon, cod and other fast growing species needing illumination in large-scale aquaculture net cages. High quality underwater light has excellent spectral distribution, and the design facilitates bulb replacement. By using additional light, the fish will achieve faster growth and higher harvest weight. The unique combination of frequency LEDs, anti-precocity spectrum and ultraviolet light will keep fish in deeper waters. The fish is prevented from precocity and growth is promoted by using physiological reaction of the fish to illumination with various wavelengths, and UV illumination is introduced into the light, so that damage of marine microorganisms and parasites to the fish is reduced, and the cleaning of the surrounding seawater is facilitated. The light supplement lamp of the underwater lighting system 17 is arranged at the middle position of the aquaculture net cage. Can cover the whole culture net cage.
The upper structure circular ring piece 14 is internally provided with a bubble generator (small holes which are uniformly arranged), the upper structure circular ring piece 14 is communicated with a compressed air pipeline 9, compressed air input from a compressed air inlet 5 is transmitted to the upper structure circular ring piece 14, dense air bubbles with proper size are blown out through the small holes which are uniformly distributed on the upper structure circular ring piece 14, the fish swallows the air bubbles to adjust the buoyancy of the fish, the floating energy consumption is reduced, and the fish feed conversion rate is improved. Under the extremely low air pressure environment, the oxygen content of the seawater in a local water area can be increased by opening the bubble generator, so that the oxygen deficiency of the fishes and the outbreak of anaerobic microorganisms are prevented. In addition, if the fish is infected by diseases, ozone can be added into the bubble generator source to further assist the medicine in treating the fish diseases.
According to the underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture, disclosed by the invention, the underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture can realize various functions of underwater feed feeding, underwater light, underwater bubble generation, environment monitoring and all-dimensional video monitoring of fish feeding. The bottom of the feeding device is provided with an environment monitoring sensor 19 and a panoramic monitoring camera 20, the environment monitoring sensor 19 integrates multiple sensor functions, the connecting end of the environment monitoring sensor is fixed with the upper structural ring piece 14 and the lower structural ring piece 15, the detection of data such as temperature, oxygen content, salinity, density, water level, water pressure, pH value, water flow speed, water flow direction, actual conductivity, total dissolved solids, resistivity and/or transparency can be realized, and the feeding scheme is adjusted in real time according to the detection data through the remote communication and control system 1; the panoramic monitoring camera 20 can provide an omnidirectional and multi-angle fish school feeding image, can monitor various information such as the size, the condition and the appetite of the fish body, and uploads the information to the remote communication and control system 1 so as to provide reference for feeding of managers. The environment monitoring and video monitoring signals are transmitted to the remote communication and control system 1 through WiFi, 5G and the Beidou system. The remote communication and control system 1 feeds back to the multifunctional feeding device through the WiFi and 5G devices or the Beidou system.
The invention relates to an underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture, which has the working principle and the process as follows: the feed air mixed airflow generated by the feeding system enters through the air feed inlet 6 on the cyclone vortex mixer 2 of the feeding device, enters the air feed dispersion bin 202 at the upper part of the mixer from the horizontal eccentric direction, and pushes the dispersion impeller to rotate under the action of the airflow; in the process, feed is separated from air, the air is discharged through the ventilation mesh enclosure 201 at the upper end, the feed is driven by the impeller to uniformly sink, and the feed falls into the seawater vortex bin 204 at the lower part through the partition plate openings 209 of the upper bin and the lower bin. Deep seawater in the net cage is pumped into the seawater vortex bin 204 from the seawater inlet 210 by the seawater submersible pump 16 installed in a deeper water area, a plurality of strands of seawater form downward vortex under the combined action of the vortex guide plate 211 and the cone section of the seawater vortex bin, feed falling from the seawater vortex bin 204 is driven to enter the deep water body through the main feeding pipeline 10, the feed feeding manifold 18 and the discharge port of the feeding pipe, and underwater feeding is realized.
A plurality of (12) feeding ports of feeding and feeding manifolds are uniformly distributed on the lower structural ring part 17 with the circumference of several meters to more than ten meters (17 meters), so that the feed is dispersed in the breeding net box in a proper way, and the maximum speed reaches 50 kilograms per minute. The main feeding pipeline 10 and the feed outlet of the feed feeding manifold 18 are preferably arranged in the middle of the aquaculture net cage, the feeding device can be used in the net cage in a semi-submerged state or a fully-submerged state, the underwater feeding is realized quickly and effectively (about 50 kg/min), good feed dispersion and a good clean environment can be formed, the operation and the maintenance are convenient, and in addition, a bird-preventing net is not needed in the middle of the aquaculture net cage. The number of the needed multifunctional feeding devices is different according to the volume of the net cage, for example, if the volume of the net cage is 2 ten thousand cubic meters, three multifunctional feeding devices are preferably arranged, and the feeding depth is 12 meters.
For a semi-submersible net cage and a full-floating net cage, the installation state of the underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine net cage culture is shown in fig. 8, the left picture of fig. 8 is the semi-submersible working condition of the net cage, the right picture of fig. 8 is the full-floating working condition of the net cage, the cyclone vortex mixer 2 and the remote communication and control device 1 are positioned above the sea level a, and the feeding device is fixedly connected with the feeding net cage through an upper installation structure 7 and a lower installation structure 8 which are fixed outside a main feeding pipeline 10. For the net cage with a base, the installation state of the underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine net cage culture is shown in fig. 9, the bottom of the feeding net cage is fixed with the sea floor b, the feeding device is divided into a feeding device water surface part 23 and a feeding device net cage installation part 26, the feeding device water surface part 23 comprises a cyclone vortex mixer 2 and a remote communication and control device 1, and the two parts are always positioned on the sea level a through a floating body bracket; the feeding device water surface part 23 and the feeding device net cage installation part 26 are connected through a comprehensive connecting hose 2, wherein one end of the comprehensive connecting hose 2 is connected with a pipeline at the bottom of the feeding device water surface part 23 through a pipeline bidirectional connecting piece 24, and the other end of the comprehensive connecting hose 2 is connected with a pipeline at the top of the feeding device net cage installation part 26 through the pipeline bidirectional connecting piece 24.
FIG. 10 is a partial enlarged view of the water-surface portion structure in FIG. 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11 is a top view of the floating ball structure shown in FIG. 9 according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the figure, the floating body support for supporting the water surface part 23 of the feeding device comprises a middle fixed connecting piece and a plurality of floating balls 27 arranged along the circumferential direction at intervals so as to meet the buoyancy requirement of the water surface part 23 of the feeding device. As shown in fig. 12a and 12b, which are a vertical sectional view and a top view of the two-way pipe connector 24, respectively, the two ends of the two-way pipe connector 24 can communicate the seawater pipe 4, the compressed air pipe 9, the main feeding pipe 10, and the strong and weak electric pipes 21 and 22.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture is characterized by comprising a cyclone vortex mixer (2), a seawater pipeline (4), a main feeding pipeline (10) and a feed feeding manifold (18); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the cyclone vortex mixer (2) comprises an air-conveying feed dispersing bin (202) and a seawater turbine bin (204), and the air-conveying feed dispersing bin (202) comprises a central shaft (207) and a rotary impeller (206) arranged around the central shaft in the circumferential direction so as to separate feed in a feed-air mixed airflow and enable the feed to fall into the seawater turbine bin (204); the seawater turbine bin (204) comprises a plurality of seawater inlets (210) and vortex guide plates (211), and the bottoms of the vortex guide plates (211) are connected with the main feeding pipeline (10);
the upper end of each seawater pipeline (4) is communicated with the corresponding seawater inlet (210), and the lower end of each seawater pipeline is connected with a seawater submersible pump (16) immersed in seawater so as to pump the seawater into the seawater turbine bin (204) to form a downward vortex to drive feed to enter the main feeding pipeline (10);
the lower end of the main feeding pipeline (10) is provided with a plurality of feed feeding manifolds (18) for feeding the feed in the main feeding pipeline (10) to the aquaculture water space through the feed feeding manifolds in multiple points.
2. The underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the main feeding pipeline (10) is provided with a pipeline reducing structure (11), the pipeline reducing structure (11) is connected with a plurality of upper structural ring piece supports (13) through upper structural ring inner lantern rings (12), and the ends of the upper structural ring piece supports (13) are fixed through upper structural ring pieces (14).
3. The underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of feed feeding manifolds (18) are circumferentially arranged on the pipeline reducing structure (11), and each feed feeding manifold (18) is fixed through a lower structural ring piece (15).
4. The underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture according to claim 3, wherein the upper structural ring part (14) and the lower structural ring part (15) are vertically arranged correspondingly, a plurality of underwater lighting systems (17) are arranged between the upper structural ring part and the lower structural ring part, and the underwater lighting systems (17) are respectively connected with the upper structural ring part (14) and the lower structural ring part (15) through connecting pieces at two ends.
5. The underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the upper structural ring member (14) is communicated with a compressed air pipeline (9), the upper end of the compressed air pipeline (9) is connected with a compressed air inlet (5) arranged on the pneumatic feed dispersing bin (202), the lower end of the compressed air pipeline is connected with the upper structural ring member (14), and dense air bubbles with proper sizes are blown out through small holes uniformly distributed on the upper structural ring member (14).
6. The underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture according to claim 5, characterized in that the compressed air pipeline (9), the strong electric pipeline (21) and the weak electric pipeline (22) are arranged between the adjacent seawater pipelines (4), wherein the strong electric pipeline (21) and the weak electric pipeline (22) are respectively communicated with a strong electric access port (301) and a weak electric access port (302) which are arranged on one side of the cyclone vortex mixer (2).
7. The underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture according to claim 1 or 6, wherein a partition plate (203) is transversely arranged at the joint of the wind-driven feed dispersing bin (202) and the seawater turbine bin (204), and a plurality of partition plate openings (209) which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the partition plate (203), so that the feed separated in the wind-driven feed dispersing bin (202) falls into the seawater turbine bin (204) from the partition plate openings (209).
8. The underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture according to claim 7, wherein the top surface of the air-assisted feed dispersing bin (202) is provided with a ventilation mesh enclosure (201) for discharging air separated from the feed air mixture flow.
9. The underwater multifunctional feeding device for marine cage culture according to any one of claims 1 or 8, characterized in that an environment monitoring sensor (19) and a panoramic monitoring camera (20) are further arranged at the bottom of the underwater multifunctional feeding device and are communicated with a remote communication and control system (1) arranged at the top of the cyclone vortex mixer (2); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the environmental monitoring sensors (19) are used for monitoring the temperature, oxygen content, salinity, density, water level, water pressure, pH value, water flow speed, water flow direction, actual conductivity, total dissolved solids, resistivity and/or transparency of the seawater;
the panoramic monitoring camera (20) is used for providing an all-dimensional multi-angle fish school feeding image and monitoring the size, the condition or the appetite of a fish body.
10. The marine cage culture underwater multifunctional feeding device of claim 9, wherein the cyclone vortex mixer (2) and the remote communication and control device (1) are located above sea level;
for the full-floating net cage and the semi-submersible net cage, the feeding device is fixedly connected with the feeding net cage through a mounting structure fixed outside the main feeding pipeline (10);
for the net cage with the base, in the feeding device, a water surface part (23) of the feeding device is connected with a net cage mounting part (26) of the feeding device through a comprehensive connecting hose (2) so as to ensure that the net cage mounting part (26) of the feeding device is positioned at a proper feeding point underwater.
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