CN111828110B - 一种二次再热机组锅炉mft后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法 - Google Patents

一种二次再热机组锅炉mft后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法 Download PDF

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CN111828110B
CN111828110B CN202010713437.5A CN202010713437A CN111828110B CN 111828110 B CN111828110 B CN 111828110B CN 202010713437 A CN202010713437 A CN 202010713437A CN 111828110 B CN111828110 B CN 111828110B
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刘世雄
王海涛
刘继锋
王涛
令彤彤
刘岗
谭祥帅
高奎
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Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
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    • F01K7/16Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
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    • F01K7/16Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01K7/38Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating the engines being of turbine type
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种二次再热机组锅炉MFT后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法,增加辅汽保汽模式,在二次再热机组发生MFT后,汽轮机进汽门全部关闭,经过过热器的高温高压蒸汽通过高旁阀引至高压再热器,高压再热器输出的蒸汽经过中旁阀后分为两路,其中一路进入低压再热器中,另一路进入辅汽联箱中,低压再热器输出的蒸汽超过额定压力时经低旁阀进入到凝汽器中,该方法能够在锅炉MFT后,通过自动控制旁路系统、辅汽供汽系统及给水泵控制系统维持辅汽压力,同时保证给水泵小汽机运行及轴封压力正常,为机组的再次快速启动提供有利条件。

Description

一种二次再热机组锅炉MFT后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法
技术领域
本发明属于发电自动控制技术领域,涉及一种二次再热机组锅炉MFT后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法。
背景技术
目前,大功率的火电机组有一次再热和二次再热两类机型,二次再热机组具有高参数、高效率、高环保等特点,近年来国内越来越多的二次再热机组已经相继投产。由于二次再热机组增加了一级再热器,随之也增加了一级旁路,使二次再热机组结构上相对更加复杂,同时也增加了旁路系统的操作控制难度。
机组正常带负荷运行时,辅汽及给水泵小汽机供汽汽源为汽轮机抽汽供汽。机组发生MFT后,汽轮机进汽门全部关闭,抽汽供汽切断,若运行人员手动操作将辅汽供汽切换至二次低压再热供汽,操作复杂且各级旁路不易控制,启动锅炉也无法快速启动提供辅汽,最终导致辅汽压力不足,给水泵小汽机跳闸且轴封供汽不足。若机组需要短时间再次启动时,需重新供辅汽、冲转给水泵小汽机、投入轴封系统,耗时耗力。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点,提供了一种二次再热机组锅炉MFT后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法,该方法能够在锅炉MFT后,通过自动控制旁路系统、辅汽供汽系统及给水泵控制系统维持辅汽压力,同时保证给水泵小汽机运行及轴封压力正常,为机组的再次快速启动提供有利条件。
为达到上述目的,本发明所述的二次再热机组锅炉MFT后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法,增加辅汽保汽模式,在二次再热机组发生MFT后,汽轮机进汽门全部关闭,经过过热器的高温高压蒸汽通过高旁阀引至高压再热器,高压再热器输出的蒸汽经过中旁阀后分为两路,其中一路进入低压再热器中,另一路进入辅汽联箱中,低压再热器输出的蒸汽经低旁阀进入到凝汽器中;
辅汽保汽模式联锁投入,机组并网后,当发生MFT时,辅汽保汽模式触发投入;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,高旁控制回路自动切换为监测并控制中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力,使中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力稳定在压力设定值预定范围内;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,中旁控制回路自动切换为监测并控制低旁阀入口的低压高温再热蒸汽压力,使低旁阀入口的低压高温再热蒸汽压力稳定在压力设定值预定范围内;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,低旁控制回路自动切换为控制低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力小于等于额定运行压力,使低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力维持在额定运行压力下;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,低温再热蒸汽至辅汽联箱调节门控制回路投入自动,以监测并控制辅汽压力,使辅汽压力稳定在压力设定值预定范围内;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,给水泵小汽机供汽回路自动切换为辅汽至小汽机供汽电动门供汽;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,给水泵小汽机转速控制回路自动置给水泵小汽机转速至最小遥控转速,使小汽机维持最低遥控转速运行;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,给水泵再循环调门控制指令超驰开启100%,并维持90s。
通过操作按钮投入辅汽保汽模式。
高旁控制回路自动切换为:监测并控制中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力,计算中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力与压力设定值的偏差,并对偏差进行调整,再对调整后的偏差进行比例、积分及微分运算,得控制中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力的高旁阀位。
中旁控制回路自动切换为:监测并控制低旁阀入口的低压高温再热蒸汽压力,计算低旁阀入口的低压高温再热蒸汽压力与压力设定值的偏差,并对偏差进行调整,然后对调整后的偏差进行比例、积分和微分运算,得控制低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力的中旁阀位。
低旁控制回路自动监测并控制低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力,设定压力设定值为低旁额定运行压力,同时计算低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力与压力设定值的偏差,并对偏差进行调整,然后对调整后的偏差进行比例、积分和微分运算,得控制低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力的低旁阀位。
计算辅汽压力与辅汽压力设定值的偏差,并对偏差进行调整,再对调整后的偏差进行比例、积分及微分运算,得控制辅汽压力的低温再热蒸汽至辅汽联箱调门阀位。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明所述的二次再热机组锅炉MFT后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法在具体操作时,通过增加辅汽保汽模式,在二次再热机组MFT后,汽轮机进汽门全部关闭,经过过热器的高温高压蒸汽通过高旁阀后引至高压再热器,高压再热器输出的蒸汽经中旁阀后分为两路,其中一路进入到低压再热器中,另一路进入到辅汽联箱中,低压再热器输出的蒸汽经低旁阀进入到凝汽器中,在低旁入口蒸汽压力不超额定运行压力的情况下维持低旁阀关闭,在锅炉MFT后,辅汽保汽模式启动时,充分利用二次再热机组锅炉蓄热,通过高旁阀、中旁阀及低旁阀将蒸汽引入辅汽联箱,以维持辅汽压力,同时将给水泵小汽机供汽汽源切换至辅汽,使得小汽机在最低遥控转速运行,辅汽压力的稳定确保了给水泵小汽机维持运行,同时轴封供汽也保持稳定,保证机组轴封压力正常,为机组的再次快速启动提供有利条件,经试验,本发明能够提高机组的自动化水平,降低运行人员的操作强度,摆脱手动操作不当带来的辅汽供汽不足,轴封无法维持情况。
附图说明
图1为已有二次再热机组结构的示意图;
图2为本发明的控制逻辑图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细描述:
参考图1,本发明所述的本发明所述的二次再热机组锅炉MFT后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法,增加辅汽保汽模式,在二次再热机组发生MFT后,汽轮机进汽门全部关闭,经过过热器的高温高压蒸汽通过高旁阀引至高压再热器,高压再热器输出的蒸汽经过中旁阀后分为两路,其中一路进入低压再热器中,另一路进入辅汽联箱中,低压再热器输出的蒸汽经低旁阀进入到凝汽器中;
辅汽保汽模式联锁投入,机组并网后,当发生MFT时,辅汽保汽模式触发投入;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,高旁控制回路自动切换为监测并控制中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力,使中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力稳定在压力设定值预定范围内;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,中旁控制回路自动切换为监测并控制低旁阀入口的低压高温再热蒸汽压力,使低旁阀入口的低压高温再热蒸汽压力稳定在压力设定值预定范围内;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,低旁控制回路自动切换为控制低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力小于等于额定运行压力,使低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力维持在额定运行压力下;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,低温再热蒸汽至辅汽联箱调节门控制回路投入自动,以监测并控制辅汽压力,使辅汽压力稳定在压力设定值预定范围内;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,给水泵小汽机供汽回路自动切换为辅汽至小汽机供汽电动门供汽;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,给水泵小汽机转速控制回路自动置给水泵小汽机转速至最小遥控转速,使小汽机维持最低遥控转速运行;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,给水泵再循环调门控制指令超驰开启100%,并维持90s。
通过操作按钮投入辅汽保汽模式。
高旁控制回路自动切换为:监测并控制中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力,计算中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力与压力设定值的偏差,并对偏差进行调整,再对调整后的偏差进行比例、积分及微分运算,得控制中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力的高旁阀位。
中旁控制回路自动切换为:监测并控制低旁阀入口的低压高温再热蒸汽压力,计算低旁阀入口的低压高温再热蒸汽压力与压力设定值的偏差,并对偏差进行调整,然后对调整后的偏差进行比例、积分和微分运算,得控制低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力的中旁阀位。
低旁控制回路自动监测并控制低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力,设定压力设定值为低旁额定运行压力,同时计算低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力与压力设定值的偏差,并对偏差进行调整,然后对调整后的偏差进行比例、积分和微分运算,得控制低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力的低旁阀位。
计算辅汽压力与辅汽压力设定值的偏差,并对偏差进行调整,再对调整后的偏差进行比例、积分及微分运算,得控制辅汽压力的低温再热蒸汽至辅汽联箱调门阀位。
参考图2,本发明的逻辑运行过程为:辅汽保汽模式联锁投入回路包括操作按钮模块1及RS触发器模块2,操作按钮模块1与操作画面相关联,操作按钮模块1的PK1输出为高电平时,RS触发器模块2将置位端信号保持,并联锁投入;操作按钮模块1的PK2输出高电平时,RS触发器模块2的复位端信号输出,并联锁切除。
辅汽保汽模式触发条件判断回路包括延时断模块3、第一脉冲模块4、取非模块5、与模块6及RS触发器7,延时断模块3的输入信号为发电机并网信号,延时断的时间为3s,为了在MFT发生发电机并网信号消失后继续保持3s,第一脉冲模块4的输入信号为MFT信号,MFT和发电机并网经过与模块6运算,满足条件时通过RS触发器7进行信号保持,MFT经过取非模块5复位RS触发器7,MFT复位后触发条件自动复位。
辅汽保汽模式触发条件与辅汽保汽模式联锁投入通过与逻辑块8运算后输出辅汽保汽模式的触发信号。
辅汽保汽模式触发高电平,高旁阀自动控制回路通过第一T模块9切换至第一PID模块10的输出,第一PID模块10的设定值S为高压再热蒸汽压力设定值,第一PID模块10的被调量P为高压再热蒸汽压力输入信号,将高压再热蒸汽压力输入信号与高压再热蒸汽压力设定值经过偏差处理后进行比例、积分和微分运算,并根据运算结果输出高旁阀指令信号。
辅汽保汽模式触发高电平,中旁阀自动控制回路通过第二T模块11切换至第二PID模块12的输出,第二PID模块12的设定值S为低压高温再热蒸汽压力设定值,第二PID模块12的被调量P为低压高温再热蒸汽压力输入信号,将低压高温再热蒸汽压力输入信号与低压高温再热蒸汽压力设定值经过偏差处理后进行比例、积分和微分运算,并根据运算结果输出中旁阀指令信号。
辅汽保汽模式触发高电平,低旁阀自动控制回路通过第三T模块13切换至第三PID模块14的输出,第三PID模块14的设定值S端与第一常数块23相连接,第三PID模块14的被调量P为低压再热蒸汽压力输入信号,第一常数块23的输出为3MPa,低压再热蒸汽压力输入信号与3MPa经过偏差处理后进行比例、积分和微分运算,再根据运算的结果输出低旁阀指令信号,当低旁入口压力低未超压时,则维持低旁阀全关,将更多蓄热蒸汽输送至辅汽联箱。
辅汽保汽模式触发高电平,低压再热蒸汽至辅汽联箱调门通过第一M/A站模块15投入自动,第一M/A站模块15的输入端与第四PID模块16的输出端相连接,第四PID模块16的设定值S为辅汽压力设置值,第四PID模块的被调量P为辅汽联箱压力输入信号,辅汽压力设置值与辅汽联箱压力输入信号经过偏差处理后进行比例、积分和微分运算,再根据运算结果输出低压再热蒸汽至辅汽联箱调门指令信号。
辅汽保汽模式触发高电平,高电平信号连接至给水泵小机转速控制第二M/A站模块17的优先降引脚PLW,将第五PID模块18中运算的结果屏蔽,优先降转速指令至最小遥控转速2800r/min,使给水泵小汽机转速维持在最小遥控转速运行,减少辅汽用汽量。
辅汽保汽模式触发高电平,高电平信号连接至脉冲块21的输入端,脉冲时间为90s,脉冲块21的输出端连接第四T模块19,将给水再循环调阀指令输入从第三M/A站模块20的输出切换至为第二常数块24,第二常数块24的值为100,锅炉MFT后锅炉停止上水,给水再循环强开100%,90s后阀门指令切换至第三M/A站模块20的输出。
辅汽保汽模式触发高电平,通过第二脉冲模块22触发辅汽至给水泵小汽机供汽电动门开指令,脉冲时间为3s,开启辅汽至给水泵小汽机供汽电动门。

Claims (6)

1.一种二次再热机组锅炉MFT后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法,其特征在于,增加辅汽保汽模式,在二次再热机组发生MFT后,汽轮机进汽门全部关闭,经过过热器的高温高压蒸汽通过高旁阀引至高压再热器,高压再热器输出的蒸汽经过中旁阀后分为两路,其中一路进入低压再热器中,另一路进入辅汽联箱中,低压再热器输出的蒸汽经低旁阀进入到凝汽器中,包括以下步骤:
辅汽保汽模式联锁投入,机组并网后,当发生MFT时,辅汽保汽模式触发投入;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,高旁控制回路自动切换为监测并控制中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力,使中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力稳定在压力设定值预定范围内;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,中旁控制回路自动切换为监测并控制低旁阀入口的低压高温再热蒸汽压力,使低旁阀入口的低压高温再热蒸汽压力稳定在压力设定值预定范围内;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,低旁控制回路自动切换为控制低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力小于等于额定运行压力,使低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力维持在额定运行压力下;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,低温再热蒸汽至辅汽联箱调节门控制回路投入自动,以监测并控制辅汽压力,使辅汽压力稳定在压力设定值预定范围内;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,给水泵小汽机供汽回路自动切换为辅汽至小汽机供汽电动门供汽;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,给水泵小汽机转速控制回路自动置给水泵小汽机转速至最小遥控转速,使小汽机维持最低遥控转速运行;
当辅汽保汽模式触发后,给水泵再循环调门控制指令超驰开启100%,并维持90s。
2.根据权利要求1所述的二次再热机组锅炉MFT后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法,其特征在于,通过操作按钮投入辅汽保汽模式。
3.根据权利要求1所述的二次再热机组锅炉MFT后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法,其特征在于,高旁控制回路自动切换为:监测并控制中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力,计算中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力与压力设定值的偏差,并对偏差进行调整,再对调整后的偏差进行比例、积分及微分运算,得到控制中旁阀入口的高压高温再热蒸汽压力的高旁阀位。
4.根据权利要求1所述的二次再热机组锅炉MFT后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法,其特征在于,中旁控制回路自动切换为:监测并控制低旁阀入口的低压高温再热蒸汽压力,计算低旁阀入口的低压高温再热蒸汽压力与压力设定值的偏差,并对偏差进行调整,然后对调整后的偏差进行比例、积分和微分运算,得到控制低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力的中旁阀位。
5.根据权利要求1所述的二次再热机组锅炉MFT后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法,其特征在于,低旁控制回路自动监测并控制低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力,设定压力设定值为低旁额定运行压力,同时计算低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力与压力设定值的偏差,并对偏差进行调整,然后对调整后的偏差进行比例、积分和微分运算,得到控制低旁阀入口的低压再热蒸汽压力的低旁阀位。
6.根据权利要求1所述的二次再热机组锅炉MFT后辅汽自动保汽的控制方法,其特征在于,计算辅汽压力与辅汽压力设定值的偏差,并对偏差进行调整,再对调整后的偏差进行比例、积分及微分运算,得控制辅汽压力的低温再热蒸汽至辅汽联箱调门阀位。
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