CN111815907B - Landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device and application method thereof - Google Patents
Landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device and an application method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring. This multistage monitoring and early warning device includes chemiluminescence sensor, wireless data acquisition and transmission module, solar cell, and chemical A and B set up respectively in two independent cavities of chemiluminescence sensor, generate peroxy acid after mixing under the exogenic action, arouse fluorescent dye's energy to lead to the resistance value change of photo resistance to with signal transmission to wireless data acquisition and transmission module, send early warning signal. By arranging a plurality of chemiluminescent sensors with different rigidity grades on the slope body, landslide early warning with different grades can be realized. The device has the characteristics of convenience in installation, sensitive response, high accuracy, real-time monitoring, low energy consumption and strong environmental adaptability, and can find and take effective prevention and treatment measures in the shortest time, thereby avoiding property loss and casualties to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring, in particular to a landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device and an application method thereof.
Background
The landslide is a natural phenomenon that soil or rock mass on a slope slides downwards along the slope integrally or dispersedly under the action of gravity along a certain weak surface or a weak zone under the influence of factors such as river scouring, underground water activity, rainwater immersion, earthquake, artificial slope cutting and the like. Many of the regions of the world that are most prone to landslide are also the least reached. Large scale deforestation, population growth and poor engineering along hillsides have created high risk areas of landslide, especially during heavy rains and near seismic epicenter.
The triggering factors and causes of landslide are diverse, and landslide monitoring requires the adoption of a multidisciplinary approach, applying various techniques to different classes of landslides, and taking into account many other criteria such as purpose, cost, monitoring parameters, duration, accessibility, etc. Existing methods of landslide monitoring can be categorized into remote sensing, satellite technology, photogrammetry technology, geodetic techniques, and geotechnical, instrumental or physical techniques. However, these monitoring methods have the disadvantages of high cost, continuous power supply, and the need for long-distance cables or optical fibers, which are too fragile.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device.
The invention aims to solve another technical problem and provides an application method of a landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device for overcoming the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the adopted technical scheme is that the landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device comprises a chemiluminescence sensor, a wireless data acquisition and transmission module and a solar storage battery connected with the wireless data acquisition and transmission module, wherein the chemiluminescence sensor comprises a photoresistance card, a first hollow pipe, a hollow shear rod sleeved outside the first hollow pipe, a chemical substance A, a chemical substance B and fluorescent dye, the photoresistance card is in signal connection with the wireless data acquisition and transmission module, a partition part is arranged in an inner cavity of the first hollow pipe, the partition part divides the cavity of the first hollow pipe into two independent closed cavities when the partition part is complete or enables the two cavities of the first hollow pipe to be in a communicated state after the deformed hollow shear rod is damaged, the first hollow pipe is divided into different rigidity grades and is used for detecting landslides of different grades, the chemical substance A and the chemical substance B are respectively arranged in two cavities in the first hollow tube and can generate a chemical reaction to generate peroxy acid which causes the resistance value of the photoresistance card to change instantly, the photoresistance card and the fluorescent dye are respectively arranged in the two cavities in the first hollow tube or are jointly arranged in the same cavity, the chemical substance A is a dibutyl phthalate solution of bis-oxalate with the volume of 10-20 ml and the concentration of 10-15 wt%, the chemical substance B is a hydrogen peroxide solution with the volume of 10-20 ml and the concentration of 10-25 wt%, the volume ratio of the chemical substance A to the chemical substance B is 1:1, and the mass of the fluorescent dye is 0.1-0.2 g.
As the further improvement of the multistage landslide monitoring and early warning device:
preferably, the partition part is a second hollow pipe which is arranged in the inner cavity of the first hollow pipe;
more preferably, the chemiluminescent sensor has an inner diameter R0 of 15-30 mm, a wall thickness B0 of 1-3 mm, and a length L0 of 1000-3000 mm;
or the inner diameter R0 of the hollow shear rod is 15-30 mm, the wall thickness B0 is 1-3 mm, and the length L0 is 1000-3000 mm, the inner diameter R1 of the first hollow tube is 10-15 mm, the wall thickness B1 is divided into three rigidity grades, the three rigidity grades are respectively 4mm, 3mm and 2mm, and the length L1 is 900-2900 mm, during actual assembly, the inner diameter R1 of the first hollow tube is smaller than R0-2B 1, and the length L1 is L0-100 mm;
or the inner diameter R0 of the hollow shear rod is 15-30 mm, the wall thickness B0 is 1-3 mm, and the length L0 is 1000-3000 mm, the inner diameter R1 of the first hollow pipe is 10-15 mm, the wall thickness B1 is divided into three rigidity grades, the rigidity grades are 4mm, 3mm and 2mm, and the length L1 is 900-2900 mm respectively, during actual assembly, the inner diameter R1 of the first hollow pipe is smaller than R0-2B 1, the length L1 is L0-100mm, the inner diameter R2 of the second hollow pipe is 4-10 mm, the wall thickness B2 is 1-2 mm, and the length L2 is 850-2850 mm, during actual assembly, the inner diameter R2 of the second hollow pipe is smaller than R1-2B 2, and the length L2 is L1-50 mm.
As above-mentioned chemiluminescence sensor is further preferred, the material of first hollow tube is ya keli, the material of cavity shear bar is the metal and keeps away from wireless data acquisition and transmission module's one end and sets up to the back taper, the material of second hollow tube is glass.
Preferably, the fluorescent dye is one of fluorescein, fluorescein and fluorescein green.
Preferably, the specification of the photoresistor sheet is T5516, the maximum voltage is 150 VDC, the maximum power consumption is 90 mW, the bright resistance is 5-10K omega, and the dark resistance is 0.2K omega.
Preferably, the outer part of the hollow shear rod is axially provided with two cylindrical baffles which are symmetrically distributed along the axial direction of the hollow shear rod.
As a further preferable mode of the cylindrical baffle, a surface of the cylindrical baffle perpendicular to the tangential direction of the circumference of the hollow shear rod is a bearing surface, and the bearing surface is provided with a reinforcing rib.
In order to solve another technical problem, the adopted technical scheme is an application method of a landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a slope body to be monitored, finding out the position where landslide is most likely to occur, inserting the chemiluminescence sensors (1) into the slope, wherein the insertion depth is greater than the height of the slope surface where landslide occurs, the number of the chemiluminescence sensors arranged on each slope body is not less than three, the wall thickness B1 of the first hollow tube is divided into three rigidity levels, at least one chemiluminescence sensor is arranged on each of the three rigidity levels, and the plurality of chemiluminescence sensors are arranged in series or in parallel;
s2, connecting the wireless data acquisition and transmission module of each chemiluminescence sensor with a solar storage battery, and starting the solar storage battery;
and S3, estimating the probability, time and severity of landslide according to the resistance change signal acquired by the wireless data acquisition and transmission module.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention discloses a multistage landslide monitoring and early warning device which comprises a chemiluminescence sensor, a wireless data acquisition and transmission module and a solar storage battery, wherein a chemical substance A and a chemical substance B are respectively arranged in two independent cavities of the chemiluminescence sensor, a photoresistor and a fluorescent dye are also arranged in the two cavities, when the two cavities are communicated under the action of external force, the chemical substance A and the chemical substance B are mixed and react to generate peroxy acid, the peroxy acid is decomposed to release energy for exciting the fluorescent dye, the fluorescent dye is relaxed by releasing photons to cause the resistance value of the photoresistor to change greatly instantly, the data of the resistance change is collected by the wireless data acquisition and transmission module, and when the resistance value changes and exceeds a set resistance threshold value, an early warning signal is sent out.
2) According to the invention, the wall thickness of the acrylic tube of the first hollow tube is set to different rigidity levels, so that landslides with different severity degrees and occurrence probabilities can be monitored and early warned; the photoresistance sheet arranged in the first hollow pipe has a large resistance value change interval, can sensitively sense the chemiluminescence reaction condition triggered by deformation of the anchor rod, and then realizes real-time monitoring and early warning of the soil landslide process through the wireless data acquisition and transmission module; the cylindrical baffle arranged on the hollow shear rod can increase the stress area of the external force acting on the chemiluminescence sensor, so that the chemiluminescence sensor deforms or is broken along with the movement of the soil slope; the device is simple and convenient to manufacture, low in manufacturing cost, free of long-distance cables or optical fibers, and capable of covering a landslide body in a large number to carry out wireless continuous monitoring, and therefore landslide early warning is carried out more effectively.
3) The invention also discloses an application method of the device to multistage landslide monitoring and early warning, which carries out early warning and monitoring on the probability, time and severity of landslide by acquiring signals of the chemiluminescent sensors with different rigidity grades, has the characteristics of convenient installation, sensitive response, high monitoring accuracy, low energy consumption and strong environmental adaptability, can carry out real-time monitoring, thereby discovering and taking effective prevention and treatment measures in the shortest time and avoiding property loss and casualties to the maximum extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a chemiluminescent sensor in a landslide multi-stage monitoring and early warning device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a chemiluminescent sensor in the landslide monitoring and early warning apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the landslide multi-stage monitoring and early warning device on the slope surface;
the designations in the drawings have the following meanings:
1. a chemiluminescent sensor; 2. a wireless data acquisition and transmission module; 3. a solar storage battery; 11. a photoresistor sheet; 12. a first hollow tube; 13. a hollow shear bar; 14. a second hollow tube; 15. a cylindrical baffle;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Fig. 1 and 2 are a schematic cross-sectional view and a schematic cross-sectional view of a chemiluminescent sensor 1, respectively. The chemiluminescence sensor 1 structurally comprises a photoresistance sheet 11, a first hollow tube 12, a hollow shear rod 13, a second hollow tube 14 and a cylindrical baffle 15, wherein the photoresistance sheet 11 is in signal connection with a wireless data acquisition and transmission module 2, the inner cavity of the first hollow tube 12 is sleeved on the second hollow tube 14 inside the photoresistance sheet to form two closed cavities, a chemical substance A and a chemical substance B are respectively filled in the two cavities, the chemical substance A and the chemical substance B can react to generate peroxy acid, the photoresistance sheet 11 is uniformly arranged on the upper, middle and lower positions of the inner cavity of the first hollow tube 12, and fluorescent dye and the photoresistance sheet 11 are respectively arranged in the two cavities or are jointly arranged in the same cavity. The hollow shear rod 13 is sleeved outside the first hollow tube 12, cylindrical baffles 15 are arranged along the axial direction of the hollow shear rod 13, and the two cylindrical baffles 15 are symmetrically distributed in the axial direction of the hollow shear rod 13; the surface of the cylindrical baffle 15 perpendicular to the circumferential tangential direction of the hollow shear rod 13 is a bearing surface, and a reinforcing rib is arranged on the bearing surface.
The inner diameter R1 of the first hollow pipe 12 is 10-15 mm, the wall thickness B1 is divided into three rigidity grades which are 4mm, 3mm and 2mm respectively, and the length L1 is 900-2900 mm; the inner diameter R0 of the hollow shear bar 13 is 15-30 mm, the wall thickness B0 is 1-3 mm, and the length L0 is 1000-3000 mm, when actually assembled, the inner diameter R1 of the first hollow tube 12 is smaller than R0-2B 1, and the length L1 is L0-100 mm. The inner diameter R2 of the second hollow pipe 14 is 4-10 mm, the wall thickness B2 is 1-2 mm, the length L2 is 850-2850 mm, and during actual assembly, the inner diameter R2 of the second hollow pipe is smaller than R1-2B 2, and the length L2 of the second hollow pipe is L1-50 mm.
The chemical substance A is a dibutyl phthalate solution with the volume of 10-20 ml and the concentration of 10-15 wt% of bis-oxalate, the chemical substance B is a hydrogen peroxide solution with the volume of 10-20 ml and the concentration of 10-25 wt%, the volume ratio of the chemical substance A to the chemical substance B is 1:1, and the mass of the fluorescent dye is 0.1-0.2 g; the fluorescent dye is one of fluorescein, fluorescein and fluorescein green; the specification of the photoresistance sheet 11 is T5516, the maximum voltage is 150 VDC, the maximum power consumption is 90 mW, the bright resistance is 5-10K omega, and the dark resistance is 0.2K omega.
The preparation method of the landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device refers to the following steps:
selecting a transparent glass tube with one sealed end as a second hollow tube 14, adding a chemical substance A and fluorescent dye into the tube, arranging a photoresistor 11, sealing the open end by using a rubber plug and hot melt adhesive, and sleeving a heat-shrinkable tube on the second hollow tube 14 to cover the tube body and the rubber plug;
selecting a transparent acrylic tube with two open ends as a first hollow tube 12, sealing one end of the transparent acrylic tube by using a rubber plug and hot melt adhesive and firmly adhering the transparent acrylic tube, adding a chemical substance B into the first hollow tube 12, putting the manufactured second hollow tube 14 into the first hollow tube, sealing the open end by using the rubber plug, and finally coating the two ends of the first hollow tube 12 by using a heat-shrinkable tube to enable the rubber plug and the first hollow tube 12 to form a whole so as to prevent the internal solution from leaking and reacting in advance;
selecting a metal hollow pipe with one end in a closed inverted cone shape as a hollow shear rod 13, putting the manufactured first hollow pipe 12 into an inner cavity of the hollow shear rod 13, and closing the pipe orifice of the hollow shear rod 13; cylindrical baffles 15 are arranged along the axial direction of the hollow shear rod 13, the two cylindrical baffles 15 are symmetrically distributed along the axial direction of the hollow shear rod 13, the surface of each cylindrical baffle 15, which is perpendicular to the tangential direction of the circumference of the hollow shear rod 13, is a bearing surface, and reinforcing ribs are arranged on the bearing surfaces; then, the wireless data acquisition and transmission module 2 is fixed on one side, far away from the inverted cone, of the hollow shear rod 13, and the wireless data acquisition and transmission module 2 is connected with the solar storage battery 3, so that the landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device is manufactured.
Example 2
The function process of the landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
when the landslide multi-stage monitoring and early warning device is installed on a slope surface and is in a monitoring and early warning state, a chemical substance A and a chemical substance B are in an isolation state in a chemiluminescence sensor 1. When a landslide occurs, an external force impacts the chemiluminescence sensor 1, the cylindrical baffle 15 increases the acting area of the external force on the chemiluminescence sensor, the second hollow tube 14 made of glass is broken, so that the chemical substance B is mixed with the chemical substance A to generate a chemical reaction, two molecules of phenol and one molecule of peroxy acid ester (1, 2-dioxacyclobutanone) are generated, the peroxy acid can be spontaneously decomposed into carbon dioxide to release energy capable of exciting the fluorochrome, then the fluorochrome is relaxed by releasing photons, and the wavelength of the photons, namely the color of emitted light, depends on the color of the fluorochrome used. The release of photons causes the resistance value of the photoresistor 11 to change greatly instantly, the change of resistance data is collected by the wireless data acquisition and transmission module 2, and when the change of resistance collected by the wireless data acquisition and transmission module 2 exceeds a set resistance threshold, an early warning signal is sent out.
Example 3
The application method of the device is described with reference to the attached figure 3:
(1) selecting a slope body to be monitored, finding out the position where landslide is most likely to occur, inserting a chemiluminescence sensor 1 into the slope, wherein the insertion depth of the chemiluminescence sensor is greater than the slope surface generated by the landslide, at least three chemiluminescence sensors 1 can be arranged on each slope body according to specific requirements, at least one chemiluminescence sensor (1) with three rigidity grades is arranged, and a plurality of chemiluminescence sensors 1 are arranged in series or in parallel;
(2) connecting the wireless data acquisition and transmission module 2 of each chemiluminescence sensor 1 with a solar storage battery 3, and starting the solar storage battery 3;
(3) when the wireless data acquisition and transmission modules 2 corresponding to all the chemiluminescent sensors 1 acquire signals with the amplitude kept unchanged, the soil body is stable, and the soil slope does not slide or only slightly slides, which indicates that no landslide or a very small possibility of landslide occurs at the moment;
when the resistance change signal is acquired by the wireless data acquisition and transmission module 2 corresponding to the chemiluminescent sensor 1 with smaller rigidity (the wall thickness of the first hollow tube is 2 mm) and exceeds a calibration threshold value, indicating that the soil body has landslide of a smaller level (the relative displacement is less than 10 cm);
when a resistance change signal is acquired by a wireless data acquisition and transmission module 2 corresponding to the chemiluminescence sensor 1 with moderate rigidity (the wall thickness of the first hollow tube is 3 mm) and exceeds a calibration threshold value, indicating that the soil body has landslide with medium level (the relative displacement is less than 20 cm);
when the resistance change signal is acquired by the wireless data acquisition and transmission module 2 corresponding to the chemiluminescence sensor 1 with the maximum rigidity (the wall thickness of the first hollow tube is 4 mm) and exceeds a calibration threshold value, indicating that the soil body has landslide with a larger level (the relative displacement is more than 50 cm);
the calibration threshold is the maximum resistance value acquired by the wireless data acquisition and transmission module 2 when the first hollow tube of the chemiluminescence sensor 1 is not broken and the chemical substances A and B are not reacted.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only illustrative of several embodiments of the invention, and not of all embodiments. It should be noted that many variations and modifications are possible to those skilled in the art, and all variations and modifications that do not depart from the gist of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device is characterized by comprising a chemiluminescence sensor (1), a wireless data acquisition and transmission module (2) and a solar storage battery (3) connected with the wireless data acquisition and transmission module (2), wherein the chemiluminescence sensor (1) comprises a photoresistance sheet (11), a first hollow tube (12), a hollow shear rod (13) sleeved outside the first hollow tube (12), a chemical substance A, a chemical substance B and fluorescent dye, the photoresistance sheet (11) is in signal connection with the wireless data acquisition and transmission module (2), a separation part is arranged in an inner cavity of the first hollow tube (12), and when the separation part is complete, the cavity of the first hollow tube (12) is divided into two independent closed cavities or a state that the two cavities of the first hollow tube (12) are communicated after being damaged by the deformed hollow shear rod (13), the first hollow tube (12) is divided into different stiffness levels for detecting different levels of landslide; the chemical substance A and the chemical substance B are respectively arranged in two cavities in the first hollow pipe (12) and can generate a chemical reaction to generate peroxy acid which causes the resistance value of the photoresistance sheet (11) to change instantly, the photoresistance sheet (11) and the fluorescent dye are respectively arranged in the two cavities in the first hollow pipe (12) or are jointly arranged in the same cavity, the chemical substance A is 10-20 ml of dibutyl phthalate solution of bisoxalate with the concentration of 10-15 wt%, the chemical substance B is 10-20 ml of hydrogen peroxide solution with the concentration of 10-25 wt%, the volume ratio of the chemical substance A to the chemical substance B is 1:1, and the mass of the fluorescent dye is 0.1-0.2 g.
2. The landslide multi-stage monitoring and early warning device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the partition is a second hollow tube (14) built in the inner cavity of the first hollow tube (12).
3. The multistage landslide monitoring and early warning device according to claim 2, wherein the hollow shear rod (13) has an inner diameter R0 of 15-30 mm, a wall thickness B0 of 1-3 mm, and a length L0 of 1000-3000 mm;
or the inner diameter R0 of the hollow shear bar (13) is 15-30 mm, the wall thickness B0 is 1-3 mm, and the length L0 is 1000-3000 mm, the inner diameter R1 of the first hollow tube (12) is 10-15 mm, the wall thickness B1 is divided into three rigidity grades which are respectively 4mm, 3mm and 2mm, and the length L1 is 900-2900 mm, when the hollow shear bar is actually assembled, the inner diameter R1 of the first hollow tube (12) is smaller than R0-2B 1, and the length L1 is L0-100 mm;
or the inner diameter R0 of the hollow shear rod (13) is 15-30 mm, the wall thickness B0 is 1-3 mm, and the length L0 is 1000-3000 mm, the inner diameter R1 of the first hollow tube (12) is 10-15 mm, the wall thickness B1 is divided into three rigidity grades, the rigidity grades are 4mm, 3mm and 2mm, and the length L1 is 900-2900 mm, during actual assembly, the inner diameter R1 of the first hollow tube (12) is smaller than R0-2B 1, the length L1 is L0-100mm, the inner diameter R2 of the second hollow tube (14) is 4-10 mm, the wall thickness B2 is 1-2 mm, and the length L2 is 850-2850 mm, during actual assembly, the inner diameter R2 of the second hollow tube is smaller than R1-2B 2, and the length L2 is L1-50 mm.
4. The landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first hollow tube (12) is made of acrylic, the hollow shear rod (13) is made of metal, one end, far away from the wireless data acquisition and transmission module (2), of the hollow shear rod is arranged to be in an inverted cone shape, and the second hollow tube (14) is made of glass.
5. The landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fluorescent dye is one of fluorescein, fluorescein red and fluorescein green.
6. The landslide multistage monitoring and early warning device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the specification of the photoresistor sheet (11) is T5516, the maximum voltage is 150 VDC, the maximum power consumption is 90 mW, the bright resistance is 5-10K Ω, and the dark resistance is 0.2K Ω.
7. The multistage landslide monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cylindrical baffle (15) is axially arranged outside the hollow shear rod (13), and the two cylindrical baffles (15) are axially and symmetrically distributed along the hollow shear rod (13).
8. The multistage landslide monitoring and early warning device of claim 7, wherein a surface of the cylindrical baffle (15) perpendicular to a tangential direction of the circumference of the hollow shear rod (13) is a bearing surface, and a reinforcing rib is arranged on the bearing surface.
9. An application method of the multistage landslide monitoring and early warning device as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a slope body to be monitored, finding out the position where landslide is most likely to occur, inserting the chemiluminescence sensors (1) into the slope, wherein the insertion depth is greater than the height of the slope surface where landslide occurs, the number of the chemiluminescence sensors (1) arranged on each slope body is not less than three, the wall thickness B1 of the first hollow tube (12) is divided into three rigidity levels, at least one chemiluminescence sensor (1) of each of the three rigidity levels is arranged, and the plurality of chemiluminescence sensors (1) are arranged in series or in parallel;
s2, connecting the wireless data acquisition and transmission module (2) of each chemiluminescence sensor (1) with a solar storage battery (3), and starting the solar storage battery (3);
and S3, estimating the probability, time and severity of landslide according to the resistance change signal acquired by the wireless data acquisition and transmission module (2).
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| CN114855835A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-05 | 江西理工大学 | Slope self-fastening landslide and collapse prevention auxiliary equipment for mine mining engineering |
Citations (6)
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