CN115950841A - Dislocation formula optical fiber sensor and ultracapacitor system charge-discharge monitoring system - Google Patents
Dislocation formula optical fiber sensor and ultracapacitor system charge-discharge monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115950841A CN115950841A CN202211357428.2A CN202211357428A CN115950841A CN 115950841 A CN115950841 A CN 115950841A CN 202211357428 A CN202211357428 A CN 202211357428A CN 115950841 A CN115950841 A CN 115950841A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dislocation type optical fiber sensor and a super capacitor charge-discharge monitoring system, belongs to the technical field of super capacitors, and aims to solve the problems of poor accuracy and complex method of a method for monitoring the real-time working state of a super capacitor in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps: the optical fiber sensor is packaged in the super capacitor, two ends of the optical fiber sensor are respectively connected with the light source and the spectrometer, and electrodes of the super capacitor are respectively connected to corresponding electrodes of the electrochemical workstation; light beams incident from a light source pass through a second section of single mode fiber and are split at the staggered welding point of a first section of single mode fiber and the second section of single mode fiber, the split first light beams are incident into the electrolyte of the supercapacitor, a second light beam is incident into a cladding of the first section of single mode fiber, and the first light beam and the second light beam are coupled at the staggered welding point of the first section of single mode fiber and a third section of single mode fiber; and in the charging and discharging process, the spectral wavelength output by the spectrometer is detected. The method is used for online monitoring of charging and discharging of the super capacitor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical fiber sensor and a super capacitor charging and discharging monitoring system based on the optical fiber sensor, and belongs to the technical field of super capacitors.
Background
With the update of electronic equipment and the rapid development of new energy automobile market, the rapid development of environment-friendly high-performance energy storage devices becomes one of the important subjects of the current world economic sustainable development. The super capacitor is used as a novel green energy storage device, and shows huge application potential or prospect in a plurality of fields. Supercapacitors, also known as electrochemical capacitors, operate on the principle of storing electrical energy using an electrical double layer formed on the surface of an electrode or a two-dimensional or quasi-two-dimensional faradic reaction that occurs. The research field relates to energy, materials, chemistry, electronic devices and the like, and becomes one of the research hotspots of the interdisciplinary science.
How to further improve the working efficiency of the super capacitor is an important problem which needs to be solved urgently at present. For example, people are eagerly required to develop a sensor capable of intuitively reflecting the working state of the capacitor in real time, and remind a user of timely replacement before the performance of the capacitor is reduced to be damaged, so that efficient and safe operation of devices is realized.
However, in the prior art, a sensing structure of an inclined fiber grating surface plasmon resonance technology is generally adopted for a sensor for monitoring the real-time working state of a super capacitor in the charging and discharging process, and the sensing structure has the following problems:
1. an inclined grating needs to be manufactured, and a gold-plated film needs to be plated on the surface of the optical fiber to excite surface plasma waves, so that the method is complex;
2. the sensitivity of the sensing structure is low, and for the super capacitor, the refractive index change caused by the charge density change is very weak, and the sensor with low sensitivity cannot accurately obtain the monitoring result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of poor accuracy and complex method of a method for monitoring the real-time working state of a super capacitor in the prior art, and provides an offset optical fiber sensor and a super capacitor charging and discharging monitoring system.
The invention relates to a dislocation type optical fiber sensor, which comprises: the optical fiber comprises three sections of single-mode fibers arranged in a staggered mode, wherein two ends of a first section of single-mode fiber are breakpoints, a second section of single-mode fiber and a third section of single-mode fiber are respectively welded on the two breakpoints in a staggered mode, and the optical fiber structures at the two staggered welding points are symmetrical with the center point of the first section of single-mode fiber.
Preferably, the dislocation amount of the dislocation fusion point on the first section of single-mode optical fiber is set to be 62.5 μm.
Preferably, the first segment of single mode optical fiber has a fiber length in the range of 150 to 450 μm.
The invention discloses a super capacitor charging and discharging monitoring system based on a dislocation type optical fiber sensor, which comprises: the system comprises an optical fiber sensor, a light source, an electrochemical workstation and a spectrometer;
the optical fiber sensor is packaged in the measured super capacitor, two ends of the optical fiber sensor are respectively connected with the light source and the spectrometer, and electrodes of the super capacitor are respectively connected to corresponding electrodes of the electrochemical workstation;
a light beam incident to the optical fiber sensor from a light source passes through a second section of single mode fiber and is split at a staggered welding point of a first section of single mode fiber and the second section of single mode fiber, a first split light beam is incident to electrolyte inside the supercapacitor, a second split light beam is incident to a cladding of the first section of single mode fiber, and the first light beam and the second light beam are coupled at the staggered welding point of the first section of single mode fiber and a third section of single mode fiber;
the electrochemical workstation controls the tested super capacitor through the electrode to realize charging and discharging, and in the charging and discharging process, the spectral wavelength output by the spectrometer is detected, so that the monitoring of the charging and discharging process of the super capacitor is realized.
Preferably, the electrodes of the supercapacitor comprise a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode; the working electrode, the auxiliary electrode and the reference electrode are respectively connected to corresponding electrodes of the electrochemical workstation; and the sensing area of the optical fiber sensor is connected with the working electrode of the super capacitor.
Preferably, the output spectral range of the light source is 1250 nm to 1700nm, and the output spectral range of the light source is matched with the transmission spectral envelope range of the optical fiber sensor.
Preferably, the electrochemical workstation controls the charging and discharging processes of the supercapacitor by adopting a cyclic voltammetry method, and the electrochemical workstation changes the refractive index of electrolyte on the surface of an electrode by controlling the charge amount on the surface of the electrode, so that the spectral wavelength output by a spectrometer is shifted, the wavelength shift is detected, the monitoring of the electric quantity storage and electric quantity release processes of the supercapacitor is realized, and the monitoring of the charging and discharging processes of the supercapacitor is realized.
Preferably, when the super capacitor is charged, the material of the super capacitor electrode reacts to store electric quantity, the charge density near the electrode is increased, and the refractive index is changed;
when the super capacitor is discharged, the material of the super capacitor electrode reacts to release electric quantity, the charge density near the electrode is reduced, and the refractive index is restored to the original state.
The invention has the advantages that:
the dislocation type optical fiber sensor provided by the invention adopts a dislocation fusion structure, the manufacturing method of the dislocation fusion open cavity structure is simple, the surface of the optical fiber is not required to be plated with a gold film, meanwhile, the spectral wavelength of the open cavity type dislocation fusion structure is more sensitive to the sensitivity of the refractive index change, the sensitivity of the refractive index exceeds 20000nm/RIU, and the high-sensitivity sensor can more accurately detect the refractive index change.
The super capacitor charging and discharging monitoring system based on the dislocation type optical fiber sensor provided by the invention realizes real-time in-situ optical monitoring on the working state of the super capacitor in the charging and discharging process by detecting the wavelength drift of the transmission spectrum caused in the charging and discharging process of the super capacitor. In addition, the optical fiber sensor can be used for realizing long-distance online monitoring of the charging and discharging process of the super capacitor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a supercapacitor charge and discharge monitoring system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the change in wavelength in the spectrum during the control of the charging and discharging process of a supercapacitor using cyclic voltammetry, wherein the abscissa represents time in s and the ordinate represents the wavelength to be measured in nm;
FIG. 4 is a corresponding change curve of interference wavelength to be measured in the process of controlling the charging and discharging process of the super capacitor by cyclic voltammetry, wherein the abscissa represents time in units of s, and the ordinate represents wavelength to be measured in units of nm;
FIG. 5 is a transmission spectrum of an optical fiber sensor for super capacitor monitoring in pure water according to the present invention, wherein the abscissa represents wavelength in nm and the ordinate represents intensity of the transmission spectrum of the optical fiber sensor in dB;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of wavelength shift with refractive index in the optical fiber sensor spectrum for super capacitor monitoring according to the present invention, wherein the abscissa represents the refractive index of liquid in units of RIU, and the ordinate represents the wavelength to be measured in units of nm.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1:
the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1, in which an optical fiber sensor of the present embodiment,
it includes: the optical fiber comprises three sections of single-mode fibers arranged in a staggered mode, wherein two ends of a first section of single-mode fiber 1-1 are breakpoints, a second section of single-mode fiber 1-2 and a third section of single-mode fiber 1-3 are respectively welded on the two breakpoints in a staggered mode, and the optical fiber structures at the two staggered welding points are symmetrical to the center point of the first section of single-mode fiber 1-1.
Further, the dislocation amount of the dislocation welding point on the first section of single-mode optical fiber 1-1 is set to be 62.5 μm.
Still further, the fiber length of the first section of single mode fiber 1-1 ranges from 150 to 450 μm.
In the embodiment, the dislocation type optical fiber sensor for monitoring the super capacitor is an open cavity type optical fiber sensor and is manufactured by dislocation fusion of an optical fiber fusion splicer; the dislocation structure comprises three sections of single-mode fibers, dislocation fusion is carried out on one fiber at a breakpoint according to a parameter with dislocation amount of 62.5 mu m after the fiber is cut off to complete a first welding point, the first welding point is placed under a microscope, the fiber is cut again according to the length of a dislocation area of 150-450 mu m, dislocation welding of a second welding point is carried out again according to the parameter with dislocation amount of 62.5 mu m, and the fiber structures of two welded welding points are axially symmetrical by taking the central line of the dislocation area.
The transmission spectrum of the optical fiber sensor in pure water according to the present embodiment is shown in fig. 5, and the transmission optical fiber sensor manufactured by the dislocation fusion structure has a refraction sensitivity exceeding 20000nm/RIU, as shown in fig. 6, so that the transmission spectrum of the dislocation fusion optical fiber sensor can perform high-precision measurement on a small refractive index change.
Example 2:
the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 2, wherein the supercapacitor charge/discharge monitoring system based on the dislocation type optical fiber sensor according to the present embodiment,
it includes: the system comprises an optical fiber sensor 1, a light source 2, an electrochemical workstation 7 and a spectrometer 8;
the optical fiber sensor 1 is packaged in the tested super capacitor 3, two ends of the optical fiber sensor 1 are respectively connected with the light source 2 and the spectrometer 8, and electrodes of the super capacitor 3 are respectively connected to corresponding electrodes of the electrochemical workstation 7;
a light beam incident to the optical fiber sensor 1 from the light source 2 passes through a second section of single-mode fiber 1-2, light splitting is carried out at the staggered welding point of the first section of single-mode fiber 1-1 and the second section of single-mode fiber 1-2, the split first light beam is incident to electrolyte inside the super capacitor 3, a second light beam is incident to a cladding of the first section of single-mode fiber 1-1, and the first light beam and the second light beam are coupled at the staggered welding point of the first section of single-mode fiber 1-1 and the third section of single-mode fiber 1-3;
the electrochemical workstation 7 controls the tested super capacitor 3 through the electrode to realize charging and discharging, and in the charging and discharging process, the spectral wavelength output by the spectrometer 8 is detected, so that the monitoring of the charging and discharging process of the super capacitor 3 is realized.
Further, the electrodes of the supercapacitor 3 include a working electrode 4, an auxiliary electrode 5 and a reference electrode 6; the working electrode 4, the auxiliary electrode 5 and the reference electrode 6 are respectively connected to corresponding electrodes of an electrochemical workstation 7; the sensing area of the fiber sensor 1 is connected with the working electrode 4 of the super capacitor 3.
Further, the output spectrum range of the light source 2 is 1250-1700 nm, and the output spectrum range of the light source 2 is matched with the transmission spectrum envelope range of the optical fiber sensor 1.
Further, the electrochemical workstation 7 controls the charging and discharging processes of the super capacitor 3 by adopting a cyclic voltammetry method, the electrochemical workstation 7 changes the refractive index of electrolyte on the surface of an electrode by controlling the charge quantity on the surface of the electrode, so that the spectral wavelength output by the spectrometer 8 drifts, the wavelength drift is detected, the monitoring of the electric quantity storage and electric quantity release processes of the super capacitor 3 is realized, and the monitoring of the charging and discharging processes of the super capacitor 3 is realized.
Further, when the super capacitor 3 is charged, the material of the electrode of the super capacitor 3 reacts to store electric quantity, the charge density near the electrode is increased, and the refractive index is changed;
when the super capacitor 3 is discharged, the material of the electrode of the super capacitor 3 reacts to release electric quantity, the charge density near the electrode is reduced, and the refractive index is restored to the original state.
In this embodiment, the system for monitoring the charging and discharging processes of the supercapacitor 3 by using the open-cavity optical fiber sensor structurally comprises a light source 2, an optical fiber sensor 1 and a spectrometer 8, and further comprises the supercapacitor 3 and an electrochemical workstation 7, wherein three electrodes of the supercapacitor 3 are connected with the electrochemical workstation 7. The optical fiber sensor 1 is packaged in the super capacitor 3, and the sensing area of the optical fiber sensor 1 is close to the working electrode of the super capacitor 3. The electrodes of the super capacitor 3 are respectively connected with the corresponding electrodes of the electrochemical workstation 7, wherein the working electrodes are close to the sensing area of the optical fiber sensor 1.
In the embodiment, in the method for monitoring the charging and discharging states of the supercapacitor 3 by the open-cavity optical fiber sensor 1, light emitted by the light source 2 is split at a first dislocation welding point, one part of the light passes through a solution in the open cavity, one part of the light passes through a cladding of the dislocation welding optical fiber, and two parts of the light at a second dislocation welding point are coupled into a fiber core again, so that interference is realized.
In the charging and discharging processes of the super capacitor 3, ions in the electrolyte enter a two-dimensional or three-dimensional space of the electrode active material to undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction when the ions are stored to release electric quantity, so that the refractive index of the electrode active material is changed, the wavelength of the spectrum of the optical fiber sensor 1 is shifted, and the charging and discharging working state of the super capacitor is monitored in situ in real time.
In the embodiment, in the charging and discharging processes of the supercapacitor 3, when ions in the electrolyte enter a two-dimensional or three-dimensional space of the electrode active material to generate an oxidation-reduction reaction when the ions are stored to release electric quantity, the refractive index of the electrode active material is changed, the wavelength of the spectrum of the optical fiber sensor 1 is shifted, and the charging and discharging working state of the supercapacitor is monitored in situ in real time.
Furthermore, the working electrode 4 is made of carbon cloth coated with manganese dioxide, and has a size of 1cm × 1cm, and in order to make the optical fiber sensor 1 better close to the carbon cloth, the optical fiber sensor 1 is sandwiched by two carbon cloths of the same size, so that a closer closing effect is obtained.
The auxiliary electrode 5 adopts a platinum sheet, and the reference electrode 6 adopts a silver chloride reference electrode; three electrodes are connected to corresponding electrodes of the electrochemical workstation 7.
The electrochemistry workstation 7 adjusts voltage and current, utilizes cyclic voltammetry to carry out the electrochemistry test, and 3 circulation charging of super capacitor lead to the charge density on working electrode 4 surface to change, cause the environmental refractive index to change, and the environmental refractive index changes and makes the light path of optical fiber sensor 1 department of opening the chamber receive the influence and interfere the result wavelength and drift, and this phenomenon can be observed in spectrum appearance 8, utilizes this system can be so that the optical quantity reaction super capacitor's storage electric quantity information.
In the invention, the concrete method for realizing the charge and discharge monitoring of the super capacitor by adopting the charge and discharge monitoring system of the super capacitor based on the dislocation type optical fiber sensor comprises the following steps:
s1, packaging an optical fiber sensor 1 in a super capacitor 3, and respectively connecting a light source 2 and a spectrometer 8 to two ends of the optical fiber sensor 1, wherein the optical fiber sensor 1 is tightly attached to a working electrode of the super capacitor 3;
filling the super capacitor 3 with electrolyte;
an open cavity of the optical fiber sensor 1 is filled with electrolyte, light emitted by the light source 2 passes through the front end of the optical fiber sensor 1 and is divided into two beams of light, one beam of light passes through the electrolyte, the other beam of light passes through the optical fiber cladding, interference occurs at the rear end to form interference fringes, and the fringes are observed through the spectrometer 8;
s2, building a device and a detection circuit, connecting the super capacitor 3 with an electrochemical workstation 7, connecting the electrochemical workstation 7 with a computer, and controlling the indoor temperature to be normal and constant;
s3, standing the monitoring system under natural conditions, and detecting the whole process of the change of the stored charge quantity of the supercapacitor device in the charging and discharging process by using optical and electrical methods;
s4, performing cyclic voltammetry detection on the supercapacitor 3 through the electrochemical workstation 7 to control the charging and discharging behaviors of the supercapacitor 3, so that the charge quantity on the surface of an electrode is controlled, the environmental refractive index of the surface is changed, the spectral wavelength is shifted, and the whole process of storing and releasing the electric quantity when the supercapacitor is charged and discharged is detected through wavelength shift;
as shown in FIG. 3, when cyclic voltammetry was performed at a scanning rate of 10mV/s, the spectrum wavelength shifted in the short wavelength direction when the amount of stored charge increased, and the spectrum returned in the long wavelength direction when the amount of stored charge decreased.
As shown in fig. 4, the supercapacitor 3 is excited by the electrochemical workstation 7 to perform a multi-period cyclic voltammetry test, and record a wavelength change corresponding to a trough of a certain interference fringe, and in each period, the optical fiber sensor 1 has good symmetry and good repeatability of a wavelength drift change, which indicates that the sensor has good cyclic stability for a supercapacitor monitoring system and method.
Further, the whole process of detecting the change of the stored charge amount of the supercapacitor device in the charging and discharging process by using the optical and electrical methods in S3 includes:
when the super capacitor 3 is charged, the electrode material reacts to store electric quantity, the charge density near the electrode is increased, and the refractive index is changed; during discharging, the electrode material releases electric quantity, the refractive index of a reactant is recovered, and the charge density around the optical fiber electrode is also reduced;
the electrochemical workstation 7 and the fiber spectrometer 8 record the whole process of charging and discharging the fiber supercapacitor device and draw a one-to-one corresponding curve chart.
Furthermore, in S4, the refractive index change caused by the charge density change generated on the surface of the optical fiber electrode is sensitive to the environmental refractive index change due to the transmission spectrum wavelength of the open cavity type optical fiber sensor, so that the band measurement of the electric quantity information is converted into an optical-electrochemical signal for measurement.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims (8)
1. An offset fiber optic sensor, comprising: the optical fiber comprises three sections of single mode fibers arranged in a staggered mode, wherein two ends of a first section of single mode fiber (1-1) are breakpoints, a second section of single mode fiber (1-2) and a third section of single mode fiber (1-3) are respectively welded at the two breakpoints in a staggered mode, and the optical fiber structures at the two staggered welding points are symmetrical with the central point of the first section of single mode fiber (1-1).
2. A displaced optical fiber sensor according to claim 1, wherein the displacement of the displaced fusion-spliced point on the first segment of single-mode optical fiber (1-1) is set to 62.5 μm.
3. A displaced optical fibre sensor according to claim 1, characterised in that the first length of single mode optical fibre (1-1) has a fibre length in the range 150-450 μm.
4. The system for monitoring the charge and discharge of the super capacitor based on the dislocation type optical fiber sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising: the system comprises an optical fiber sensor (1), a light source (2), an electrochemical workstation (7) and a spectrometer (8);
the optical fiber sensor (1) is packaged in the tested super capacitor (3), two ends of the optical fiber sensor (1) are respectively connected with the light source (2) and the spectrometer (8), and electrodes of the super capacitor (3) are respectively connected to corresponding electrodes of the electrochemical workstation (7);
a light beam incident to the optical fiber sensor (1) from the light source (2) passes through the second section of single-mode fiber (1-2), light splitting is carried out at the staggered welding point of the first section of single-mode fiber (1-1) and the second section of single-mode fiber (1-2), the split first light beam is incident to electrolyte inside the super capacitor (3), the second light beam is incident to the cladding of the first section of single-mode fiber (1-1), and the first light beam and the second light beam are coupled at the staggered welding point of the first section of single-mode fiber (1-1) and the third section of single-mode fiber (1-3);
the electrochemical workstation (7) controls the tested super capacitor (3) to realize charging and discharging through the electrode, and in the charging and discharging process, the spectral wavelength output by the spectrometer (8) is detected, so that the charging and discharging process monitoring of the super capacitor (3) is realized.
5. The supercapacitor charge-discharge monitoring system according to claim 4, characterised in that the electrodes of the supercapacitor (3) comprise a working electrode (4), an auxiliary electrode (5) and a reference electrode (6); the working electrode (4), the auxiliary electrode (5) and the reference electrode (6) are respectively connected to corresponding electrodes of an electrochemical workstation (7); the sensing area of the optical fiber sensor (1) is connected with the working electrode (4) of the super capacitor (3).
6. The supercapacitor charge-discharge monitoring system according to claim 4, wherein the output spectral range of the light source (2) is 1250-1700 nm, and the output spectral range of the light source (2) matches the transmission spectral envelope range of the fiber optic sensor (1).
7. The supercapacitor charge-discharge monitoring system according to claim 4, wherein the electrochemical workstation (7) controls the charging and discharging processes of the supercapacitor (3) by cyclic voltammetry, and the electrochemical workstation (7) changes the refractive index of electrolyte on the surface of the electrode by controlling the amount of charge on the surface of the electrode, so that the spectral wavelength output by the spectrometer (8) is shifted, the wavelength shift is detected, the processes of storing and releasing the electric quantity of the supercapacitor (3) are monitored, that is, the charging and discharging processes of the supercapacitor (3) are monitored.
8. The supercapacitor charge-discharge monitoring system according to claim 7,
when the super capacitor (3) is charged, the materials of the electrodes of the super capacitor (3) react to store electric quantity, the charge density near the electrodes is increased, and the refractive index is changed;
when the super capacitor (3) is discharged, the material of the electrode of the super capacitor (3) reacts to release electric quantity, the charge density near the electrode is reduced, and the refractive index is restored to the original state.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116915181A (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-10-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Perovskite solar cell health state online in-situ monitoring system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116915181A (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-10-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Perovskite solar cell health state online in-situ monitoring system and method |
| CN116915181B (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2024-03-05 | 武汉理工大学 | Perovskite solar cell health state online in-situ monitoring system and method |
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