CN1118144C - Spread spectrum communication transceiver using three-phase power transmission lines of low-voltage distribution network - Google Patents
Spread spectrum communication transceiver using three-phase power transmission lines of low-voltage distribution network Download PDFInfo
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- CN1118144C CN1118144C CN 00135865 CN00135865A CN1118144C CN 1118144 C CN1118144 C CN 1118144C CN 00135865 CN00135865 CN 00135865 CN 00135865 A CN00135865 A CN 00135865A CN 1118144 C CN1118144 C CN 1118144C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a three-phase power line spread spectrum communication receiving/transmitting device of a low-voltage distribution network. The device comprises a power line coupler, a band pass receiving filter, a receiving signal linear lifting magnifier, a spread spectrum transceiver, a frequency domain compensating and transmitting filter, a power transmitting magnifier with adjustable gain, a central processing unit CPU and a peripheral interface circuit. The device of the present invention can automatically compensate the attenuation of a communication channel of the distribution network for a linear frequency modulation and spread spectrum signal, and have a self-adapting function for different distribution networks with different transmission properties. Consequently, the sensitivity of a receiving signal and the reliable communication of the long-distance distribution network can be ensured.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of spread spectrum communication transceiver using three-phase power transmission lines of low-voltage distribution network, belong to the electrical engineering technical field.
Realize that as transmission signal vector communication is that research such as various countries' electric power, communication, network and branch of industry endeavour the technology researched and developed always with power line.Power line communication is divided with the electric pressure of electric power networks usually, can be divided into high-voltage power line communication (more than the 100KV), medium voltage power line communication (1KV～100KV) communicate by letter (below the 1kV, 380V/220V) with low-voltage power line.With regard to the power line communication channel characteristic, the high-voltage power line communication environment is best, secondly is the medium voltage power line environment, and the poorest is the low-voltage power line communication environment.Low-voltage power line communication is called low-voltage network communication again.From applied communication technology angular divisions, power line communication technology is divided into narrowband modulation technology and broadband (spread spectrum) modulation technique.
Aspect the exploitation of low-voltage network Research of Communication Technology, the research institution of states such as Britain, Germany, the U.S., Japan, Belgium, Israel successively carried out research to this technology from different perspectives.
Existing in the world low-voltage network power line communication technology mainly contains two classes: European standard class and non-European standard class.
The European standard class: general reference adopts the power distribution network communication technology of European CENELEC standard EN 50065-1 (working band scope at 3～148.5kHz, maximum power 25W).Because this frequency band range narrower (maximum 145.5kHz), (as ASK, FSK PSK) carries out transfer of data so be suitable for adopting the narrowband modulation technology.Transmission rate is except outside the Pass having with bandwidth, and is also relevant with the noise of this frequency range power distribution network.According to the achievement in research of publishing in the world and Tsing-Hua University's department of electrical engineering commercial test results at the actual power distribution network of China, in this frequency band the noise level of power distribution network-40～-80dBmW/Hz, be higher level.So can only realize lower transmission rate (being generally 2.4kbit/s or lower).If adopt spread spectrum in this frequency range, because bandwidth is less, the processing gain value that spread spectrum institute can obtain is about 18, and the effect of spread spectrum superiority is also not obvious.
Non-European standard class: general reference adopts the power distribution network communication technology of non-European CENELEC standard EN 50065-1.Typical non-European standard has the FCC standard (100～450kHz, maximum power 25W) of the U.S..Tsing-Hua University's department of electrical engineering shows that in the commercial test results of the actual power distribution network of China the noise of the power distribution network in this frequency range is a white noise, noise level is at-90dBmW/Hz, noise level far below the European standard frequency range, simultaneously since the bandwidth of FCC frequency range to be the twice of CENELEC bandwidth many, so can reach higher transmission rate (being generally more than the 9.6kbit/s) and bigger spread processing gain (near 44) in the FCC frequency range.
Based on European standard or FCC standard, some companies produce the modem chip (or claiming MODEM) that satisfies standard.As satisfy the MODEM chip ST7536 of European standard, ST7537; As satisfy the MODEM chip LM1893 of FCC standard, AN192, SSCP200 etc.;
The output digital signal that these commercialization modem chips have standard is modulated to the continuous time signal function, maybe the modulated signal that receives is demodulated into the digital signal function.
Need do the design of application system when using commercialization modem chip construction system according to concrete application and environment.Modem chip itself only requires that input/output signal is the standard signal that meets certain requirements.When the communication environment of application changed, chip itself does not have adjusted function (dynamic range, signal to noise ratio etc.) automatically.This is the defective place of existing commercialization modem chip.It simultaneously also is the key point of design high-performance power distribution network communication system.
Realize on the net that at low-voltage distribution the subject matter that signal post faces is that variation decay-diverse access point, the different time excursion of (1) channel is big, and bigger with load switching relevance on the network, transmission zero is often arranged; (2) random disturbances and noise-peak-peak value of interference on the circuit and noise can be reached about the 20V from various users' harmonic pollution, background noise etc.
Studies show that of recent years adopts the broadband power line spread spectrum technic can overcome the abominable communication environment that low-voltage power line is communicated by letter to a certain extent, compares with narrow band communication mode or arrowband spread spectrum mode to have obvious superiority.
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of spread spectrum communication transceiver using three-phase power transmission lines of low-voltage distribution network, at the variation decay of power distribution network channel, the interference that changes and the characteristic of noise, this device has adaptive ability to the communication environment of power distribution network, seeks the optimal communication channel automatically and realizes reliable communication.Have broad application prospects in fields such as the copying and accepting automatically of communication of power system, power distribution automation, table meter (ammeter, water meter, gas meter), building automatic, computer communication networks, to power industry with communicate by letter, the development of the network industry has important and practical meanings.
The spread spectrum communication transceiver using three-phase power transmission lines of low-voltage distribution network that the present invention proposes, this device comprises power line coupler, reception bandpass filter, the linear receiving signal amplifier that promotes, spread spectrum transceiver, the frequency domain compensation transmitting filter, the Gain Adjustable transmit power amplifier, central processor CPU and peripheral interface circuit, power line coupler wherein is coupled to the signal of communication of power amplifier output that power line gets on or the signal of communication on the power line is coupled in the receiving circuit, stop the electrical network electric power signal to enter system and electric power signal enforcement bypass and clamper protection simultaneously, realize the coupling of impedance etc. simultaneously being higher than rated value; Reception bandpass filter wherein to come by power line coupler coupling high-frequency communication signal and noise carry out filtering; Linearity wherein promotes receiving signal amplifier the received signal of filtering is carried out processing and amplifying, multiplication factor increases with the rising of frequency is linear, simultaneously the signal that transfinites is carried out amplitude limit, send spread spectrum transceiver to do the despreading processing through the received signal that this amplifier is handled; The signal that spread spectrum transceiver wherein comes reception amplifier carries out despreading to be handled and makes it become standardized digital signal to send central processing unit to handle, or central processing unit is handled the standardized digital signal send here carry out spread processing, send transmitting filter after making it become spread-spectrum signal; Frequency domain compensation transmitting filter wherein compensates (high boost) to the spread-spectrum signal that is sent by spread spectrum transceiver in frequency domain; Gain Adjustable transmit power amplifier wherein carries out power amplification after power line coupler send low-voltage network to the spread-spectrum signal of transmitting filter output, and multiplication factor is controlled by central processing unit; Central processor CPU control whole system operation wherein; Peripheral interface circuit wherein comprises that communication process shows and other application interface.
The spread spectrum communication transceiver using three-phase power transmission lines of low-voltage distribution network that the present invention proposes shows that through laboratory experiment and the on-the-spot commerical test of power distribution network the spread spectrum communication transceiver using three-phase power transmission lines of low-voltage distribution network of being invented has reached following technical performance:
(1) operating frequency range: 100kHz～400kHz
(2) modulation system: linear frequency modulation spread spectrum
(3) power output: 0.1W～5W automatic and adjustable
(4) receiving signal sensitivity: 1 millivolt
(5) unrepeatered transmission distance: 1 kilometer (220V power distribution network)
(6) transmission rate; 10kbit/s
(7) the different power distribution network networks to different transmission performances have adaptation function
(8) seeking the optimal performance channel automatically communicates
Compare with the European power line communication standard techniques of existing employing, following superiority arranged:
(1) invented the power distribution network channel compensation technique.The particular design of transmission of the present invention and receive path makes this R-T unit can compensate the decay (referring to Fig. 1) of power distribution network channel to the linear frequency modulation spread-spectrum signal automatically, and the different power distribution network networks of different transmission performances are had adaptation function.Thereby guarantee receiving signal sensitivity and remote power distribution network reliable communication.
(2) invented power distribution network communication channel automatic optimal technology.Because the complexity of power distribution network, between homophase and the homophase, it is very big to constitute the communication channel performance difference between out-phase and the out-phase.Here adopt the three-phase transmit-receive technology, find the communication channel of optimal performance, thereby further guarantee performance index of the present invention and practicality by automatic test.
(3) the linear frequency modulation spread-spectrum signal in 100kHz～400kHz frequency range has better anti-jamming capability (processing gain 44), simultaneously because the electric power networks noise level in this frequency range is lower than the European standard frequency range, so guaranteed that from principle systematic function is better than the system that adopts European standard.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of the designed spread spectrum communication transceiver using three-phase power transmission lines of low-voltage distribution network of the present invention.During this theory diagram only provides the three-phase transmission and receives circuit passband one mutually.
Fig. 2 is the transmission of spread spectrum communication transceiver using three-phase power transmission lines of low-voltage distribution network proposed by the invention and a kind of typical frequencies characteristic of receive path.As seen from the figure, the gain of this closed-loop system increases with frequency linearity, compensates the decay of power distribution network to the linear frequency modulation spread-spectrum signal automatically.
Fig. 3 is the A circuit theory diagrams of part mutually in the device that designs of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the B circuit theory diagrams of part mutually in the device that designs of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the C circuit theory diagrams of part mutually in the device that designs of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of master control and interface section.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, introduce content of the present invention in detail.
In conjunction with A shown in Figure 3 circuit theory diagrams and the master control shown in Figure 6 and the circuit theory diagrams of interface section of part mutually, the operation principle of describing this device is as follows:
Power line coupler: realize the upper and lower power line of signal of communication, stop the electrical network electric power signal to enter system and electric power signal enforcement bypass and clamper protection, realize the coupling of impedance etc. simultaneously to being higher than rated value; In Fig. 3 to the high-frequency coupling transformer T1 that is applied to couples high frequency signals, be used for piezo-resistance MOV1 that bypass and clamper be higher than the rated value electric power signal, be used to stop power frequency electric power signal and the coupling capacitance CPC by high-frequency signal, be used for the amplitude of input signal is carried out Zener diode CR1, the CR2 of limited amplitude protection.
Reception bandpass filter, this filter to come by power line coupler coupling high-frequency communication signal and noise carry out filtering; The working band of filter is identical with the frequency range of linear FM signal, i.e. 100kHz～400kHz.The realization of circuit comprises resistance R 20, inductance L 4, capacitor C 36, inductance L 5, resistance R 600, resistance R 700, resistance R 800, capacitor C 34, capacitor C 340, inductance L 6, capacitor C 35, capacitor C 350 etc.; Wherein the effect of R600, R700, R800 is that to make the characteristic in the filter band be flat characteristic.
The linear receiving signal amplifier that promotes carries out processing and amplifying to the received signal of filtering, and multiplication factor increases with the rising of frequency is linear, simultaneously the signal that transfinites is carried out amplitude limit, send spread spectrum transceiver to do despreading through the received signal of this amplifier processing and handles.This amplifier comprises the bidirectional diode D8 that is used to limit input signal amplitude, be used for amplifying high frequency signal triode Q4, be used for the diode D5 that temperature-compensating uses and the resistance R 26 that is used to be provided with amplifier quiescent point and multiplication factor thereof, R27, R24, R29, capacitor C h etc., the multiplication factor of this amplifier increases with the rising of frequency is linear.
Spread spectrum transceiver, the signal that this transceiver comes reception amplifier carries out despreading to be handled and makes it become standardized digital signal to send central processing unit to handle, or central processing unit is handled the standardized digital signal send here carry out spread processing, send transmitting filter after making it become spread-spectrum signal; Realize by integrated circuit SSC-P300.
The frequency domain compensation transmitting filter compensates (high boost) to the spread-spectrum signal that is sent by spread spectrum transceiver in frequency domain.Comprise the emitter follower that constitutes by capacitor C 8, C9, resistance R 3, R2, R131, R19, triode Q3 and by the raise up low pass filter (the 3dB frequency is 400kHz) of characteristic of the high-end frequency range tool that capacitor C 22, C25, inductance L 2, resistance R 1 constitute.
The Gain Adjustable transmit power amplifier, this power amplifier carries out power amplification to the spread-spectrum signal of transmitting filter output, send low-voltage network through power line coupler then.Multiplication factor is controlled by central processing unit, realizes that the adaptive power of spread spectrum transmission signal amplifies.Comprise the amplifier U4700 (integrated circuit LM4700) that is used for program control potentiometer VAR1 (integrated circuit DS1809) and is used for power amplification; The capacitor C 23, the Cin that are used for the coupling of the isolation of dc point and high frequency ac signal; The Zener diode Dv1, the capacitor C v1 that are used for program control potentiometer VAR1 internal control; Resistance R in, the RB, Ci, Ri, the Rf that are used for the amplifier outside; Be used for guard amplifier inductance L 1, be used for the capacitor C 18 of coupled signal; Be used for diode D6, D13 and Zener diode D15, D16 that guard amplifier is used.
Central processor CPU: control whole system operation.Comprise central processing unit MC68HC705C9A, be used to realize the AND gate circuit U7A (integrated circuit 74HC31) of three Phase Receiver control logics.
Peripheral interface circuit is realized communication process demonstration and other application interface function etc.Comprise that being used for the RS232 standard interface is used for serial communication interface circuit U6 (integrated circuit MAX232) with other microcomputer; Be used for triode QA1, light-emitting diode LA1, resistance R A4 that the A Phase Receiver shows; Be used for triode QA2, light-emitting diode LA2, resistance R A5 that A sends demonstration mutually; Be used for triode QB1, light-emitting diode LB1, resistance R B4 that the B Phase Receiver shows; Be used for triode QB2, light-emitting diode LB2, resistance R B5 that B sends demonstration mutually; Be used for triode QC1, light-emitting diode LC1, resistance R C4 that the C Phase Receiver shows; Be used for triode QC2, light-emitting diode LC2, resistance R C5 that C sends demonstration mutually; Be used for triode Q1, Q2 that the RS232 communication process shows, light-emitting diode L1, L2, resistance R 4, R5.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of spread spectrum communication transceiver using three-phase power transmission lines of low-voltage distribution network, it is characterized in that, this device comprises power line coupler, reception bandpass filter, the linear receiving signal amplifier that promotes, spread spectrum transceiver, the frequency domain compensation transmitting filter, the Gain Adjustable transmit power amplifier, central processor CPU and peripheral interface circuit, power line coupler wherein is coupled to the signal of communication of power amplifier output that power line gets on or the signal of communication on the power line is coupled in the receiving circuit, stop the electrical network electric power signal to enter system and electric power signal enforcement bypass and clamper protection simultaneously, realize the coupling of impedance etc. simultaneously being higher than rated value; Reception bandpass filter wherein to come by power line coupler coupling high-frequency communication signal and noise carry out filtering; Linearity wherein promotes receiving signal amplifier the received signal of filtering is carried out processing and amplifying, multiplication factor increases with the rising of frequency is linear, simultaneously the signal that transfinites is carried out amplitude limit, send spread spectrum transceiver to do the despreading processing through the received signal that this amplifier is handled; The signal that spread spectrum transceiver wherein comes reception amplifier carries out despreading to be handled and makes it become standardized digital signal to send central processing unit to handle, or central processing unit is handled the standardized digital signal send here carry out spread processing, send transmitting filter after making it become spread-spectrum signal; It is high boost that frequency domain compensation transmitting filter wherein compensates in frequency domain the spread-spectrum signal that is sent by spread spectrum transceiver; Gain Adjustable transmit power amplifier wherein carries out power amplification after power line coupler send low-voltage network to the spread-spectrum signal of transmitting filter output, and multiplication factor is controlled by central processing unit; Central processor CPU control whole system operation wherein; Peripheral interface circuit wherein comprises that communication process shows and other application interface.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 00135865 CN1118144C (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2000-12-22 | Spread spectrum communication transceiver using three-phase power transmission lines of low-voltage distribution network |
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| CN 00135865 CN1118144C (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2000-12-22 | Spread spectrum communication transceiver using three-phase power transmission lines of low-voltage distribution network |
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| CN1297289A CN1297289A (en) | 2001-05-30 |
| CN1118144C true CN1118144C (en) | 2003-08-13 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103259565A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-08-21 | 盛吉高科（北京）科技有限公司 | Conditioning circuit of power line carrier communication received signal |
| CN103297092A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-11 | 深圳市歌盟科技有限公司 | System for transmitting broadcast signals through power line |
| CN105337917A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2016-02-17 | 南京能瑞自动化设备股份有限公司 | Gain compensation technology for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) power line carrier communication chip |
| CN109120307B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2021-06-22 | 南京邮电大学 | Power line carrier communication system and band-pass matching coupler thereof |
| CN110739985A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-01-31 | 北京世纪德晋电力科技有限公司 | HPLC high-speed power line carrier gain automatic adjustment technology |
| CN109443596B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2024-01-23 | 国网山东省电力公司济宁供电公司 | Wireless temperature measurement system and temperature measurement method |
| CN115882900B (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-04-28 | 北京飞利信信息安全技术有限公司 | HPLC power line carrier communication method, device, electronic equipment and medium |
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