CN113193559B - C-type filter for traction power supply system - Google Patents

C-type filter for traction power supply system Download PDF

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CN113193559B
CN113193559B CN202110488822.9A CN202110488822A CN113193559B CN 113193559 B CN113193559 B CN 113193559B CN 202110488822 A CN202110488822 A CN 202110488822A CN 113193559 B CN113193559 B CN 113193559B
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filter
impedance
harmonic
capacitor
type filter
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CN113193559A (en
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郭小敏
艾磊
李朝阳
张财源
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Tonghao Changsha Rail Traffic Control Technology Co ltd
Southwest Jiaotong University
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Tonghao Changsha Rail Traffic Control Technology Co ltd
Southwest Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01—Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics

Abstract

The invention discloses a C-type filter for a traction power supply system, which is obtained by the following steps of: obtaining a fundamental wave capacitive reactance value and a parameter value of a capacitor C according to the running voltage, the rated power and the power factor angle of the motor train unit; setting the resonant frequency as the harmonic frequency with the maximum harmonic content at the common coupling point of the traction power supply system and the electric power system; setting a function of the impedance of the C-type filter under the k-th harmonic wave with respect to the change of the filter resistance R; setting a function of the driving impedance of the common coupling point under the k-th harmonic wave with respect to the change of the filter resistance R; establishing an objective function based on the frequency-impedance index; solving an objective function to obtain a parameter value of the filter resistor R; obtaining a proportional parameter according to the parameter value of the filter resistor R; obtaining a filter capacitor C according to the ratio parameter and the parameter value of the capacitor C1And a filter inductance L1The parameter value of (2). The invention has the high-pass filtering and single-tuning filtering capabilities of the C-type filter, and can reduce the harmonic wave at the common coupling point of the traction power supply system and the electric power system.

Description

C-type filter for traction power supply system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of harmonic suppression of a traction power supply system, in particular to a C-type filter for the traction power supply system.
Background
With the large-scale, networked and intensive development of high-speed railways in China, the harmonic wave and resonance problems of a traction power supply system caused by a motor train unit are more and more serious. Harmonics can cause increased system losses, degradation of equipment insulation, interference with nearby communication systems, etc. Under specific frequency, harmonic waves can also cause serious harmonic resonance, generate resonance overvoltage, influence the normal operation of equipment and even burn the equipment. This seriously affects the quality of the electric energy and the safety and stability of the power system.
Common harmonic suppression schemes include active filters, passive filters, adjusting system parameter transfer resonant frequency, and the like. In practical application, the passive filter is regarded as a simple harmonic suppression scheme with higher cost performance due to the advantages of simple structure, low price and convenient operation and maintenance. The C-type filter is widely used due to its low fundamental power loss, good high-pass filtering effect, resonant frequency, and other advantages. However, the conventional C-type filter has the following problems: 1. the C-type filter has 4 elements, and when the optimization design is carried out, multi-objective optimization is usually adopted, which can improve the difficulty of the optimization process; 2. most of the existing parameter design schemes use approximate resonant frequency expressions, which can cause the actual filtering effect of the resonant frequency to be reduced and even the loss of resonant points; 3. the harmonic waves of the motor train unit can change along with the type, the running power and the working condition of the motor train unit, so that the filtering effect of the C-type filter is unstable. Therefore, the adaptability of the C-type filter in the case of large harmonic variation is to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a C-type filter for a traction power supply system.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a C-type filter for a traction power supply system comprises the equivalent circuit: filter inductance L1And a filter capacitor C1The LC series filtering branches are formed by series connection; the LC series filtering branch is connected with a filtering resistor R in parallel and then connected with a capacitor C in series; the device parameter value of the C-type filter is obtained by the following steps:
step 1: running voltage U and rated power of motor train unit supplied with power according to traction power supply systemThe ratio P and the power factor angle theta are obtained to obtain the fundamental wave capacitance reactance value of the capacitor C of the C-type filter
Figure BDA0003043115100000021
Further obtaining the parameter value of the capacitor C
Figure BDA0003043115100000022
Step 2: the resonant frequency k of the C-type filterzSetting the harmonic frequency k with the maximum harmonic content at the common coupling point of the traction power supply system and the electric power systemm；
And step 3: setting the impedance Z of a C-type filter at k-th harmonicFkFunction Z of the variation of the filter resistance RFk(R)，
Figure BDA0003043115100000023
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure BDA0003043115100000024
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0003043115100000025
is a capacitor C and a filter capacitor C1A proportional parameter of
Figure BDA0003043115100000026
And 4, step 4: setting the drive impedance Z of the point of common coupling at the k harmonickFunction Z of the variation of the filter resistance Rk(R)，
Figure BDA0003043115100000027
Wherein Z isSkIs the system impedance at the k harmonic, ZSk＝RSk+jXSk，RSkAs a result of the resistance of the system,XSkis the system reactance; zLkIs the load impedance at the k harmonic, ZLk＝RLk+jXLk，RLkIs a load resistance, XLkIs a load reactance; the system impedance is equivalent impedance converted to an access point of a C-type filter by the impedance of a power system and the leakage reactance of the primary side of a traction transformer, and the load impedance is equivalent impedance of the whole traction network and the motor train unit; and 5: according to Zk(R) establishing an objective function based on a frequency-impedance indicator
Figure BDA0003043115100000031
And setting its boundary conditions
Figure BDA0003043115100000032
Wherein n is the maximum harmonic number, and Δ is an empirical value for setting the upper limit of the boundary condition;
step 6: solving an objective function IF (R), and taking the optimal solution minIF (R) as a parameter value of a filter resistor R of the C-type filter;
and 7: the parameter value of the filter resistor R is substituted
Figure BDA0003043115100000033
Obtaining a proportional parameter alpha; obtaining a filter capacitor C according to the parameter values of the proportional parameter alpha and the capacitor C1Parameter value of and filter inductance L1Of a parameter value, i.e. C1＝αC，
Figure BDA0003043115100000034
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by using the frequency-impedance index as the objective function, the overall situation of the harmonic wave in the range of interest on the electric power system side can be accurately reflected. Therefore, the high-pass filter and single-tuning filter of the C-type filter are provided, and the harmonic wave size at the common coupling point of the traction power supply system and the electric power system can be reduced. Compared with a filter designed by using a single frequency optimization index, the filter has stronger adaptability, has smaller influence degree on the filtering effect when the harmonic frequency spectrum changes, and is more suitable for a traction power supply system with larger harmonic frequency spectrum change.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a C-type filter.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection mode between an electric power system and a traction power supply system.
Fig. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the power system and the traction power supply system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the equivalent circuit of the type C filter includes: filter inductance L1And a filter capacitor C1The filter circuit comprises an LC series filtering branch circuit formed by series connection, a filtering resistor R connected with the series filtering branch circuit in parallel, and a capacitor C connected with the parallel branch circuit in series and having filtering and reactive compensation functions.
As shown in fig. 2, in actual use, four C-type filters are required, and are respectively installed on the T bus and the F bus of the two power supply arms on the secondary side of the traction transformer. This may reduce harmonic content at the PCC of the power system and the traction substation.
The device parameter values of the C-type filter are obtained according to the following method:
1. judging the harmonic frequency k with the maximum harmonic content through a harmonic current spectrogram actually measured by a PCC pointmWill the resonant frequency k of the filterzIs set to km。
2. Calculating the fundamental wave capacitance reactance value X of the C-type filter capacitor C according to the reactive compensation requirement Q of the C-type filter access pointC. The formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003043115100000041
wherein: u, P and theta are the running voltage, rated power and power factor angle of the motor train unit respectively.
And obtaining the parameter value of the capacitor C according to the formula. The formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003043115100000042
wherein: ω is the fundamental angular frequency.
3. By using XCAnd kzSetting the impedance Z of the C-type filter at k-th harmonicFkFunction Z of the variation of resistance RFk(R) in the presence of a catalyst. The formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003043115100000043
in the above formula, three parameters are introduced: capacitor C and filter capacitor C1A proportional parameter α, an intermediate parameter β, a resonance point parameter γ. The expression for the three parameters is as follows:
Figure BDA0003043115100000051
and the parameter alpha and the input parameter XCAnd kzThe following relationships exist:
Figure BDA0003043115100000052
the model only contains one optimization variable of the resistance R, and compared with other models, the accuracy and the speed of subsequent parameter optimization can be improved.
4. The equivalent circuit of the C-type filter after being connected into the system is shown in fig. 3. Wherein, the system impedance (i.e. the equivalent impedance converted from the power system impedance and the primary side leakage reactance of the traction transformer to the C-type filter access point) under the k harmonic is ZSk＝RSk+jXSk，RSkIs the system resistance, XSkIs the system reactance. The load impedance (namely the equivalent impedance of the traction network and the motor train unit) is ZLk＝RLk+jXLk，RLkIs a load resistance, XLkIs the load reactance.
According to Z at the k harmonicFk(R)，ZSkAnd ZLkObtaining the drive impedance Z of the PCC point under the k harmonic wavekFunction Z of variation of Rk(R) in the presence of a catalyst. The formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003043115100000053
ISkand ILkSystem and load current at k harmonics, respectively, due to ZSkAnd ILkAlmost constant at the k harmonic, so ZkThe smaller, ISkSmaller means that the harmonic current on the power system side is reduced.
Figure BDA0003043115100000054
5. Through Zk(R) establishing an objective function IF (R) based on the frequency-Impedance Index (IF) and giving the boundary conditions of the function. The formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003043115100000055
wherein n is the maximum harmonic number, and is selected according to the harmonic range to be suppressed by the filter.
According to ZSkSince IF min indicates that the sum of the harmonic currents 2 to nth on the power system side is minimum, the overall filtering effect changes little in the frequency range of interest when the harmonic spectrum changes. Therefore, the condition for the resistance R to be the optimum solution is miniF (R). Ensure that the parameter alpha has a solution and the C-type filter has a resonance point (parameter gamma)>0, the C-type filter has a resonance point), a lower limit plus 100 Ω (empirical value) is defined as an upper limit (too much filter resistance affects the high-pass filtering effect). The boundary conditions of the objective function are:
Figure BDA0003043115100000061
7. solving the objective function to obtain a filter resistanceAnd (4) solving the optimal solution of R. The R is substituted back to obtain a capacitance proportion parameter alpha and a filter capacitance C1And a filter inductance L1. The formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003043115100000062

Claims (1)

1. a C-type filter for a traction power supply system comprises the equivalent circuit: filter inductance L1And a filter capacitor C1The LC series filtering branches are formed by series connection; the LC series filtering branch is connected with a filtering resistor R in parallel and then connected with a capacitor C in series; the method is characterized in that the device parameter value of the C-type filter is obtained by the following steps:
step 1: obtaining a fundamental wave capacitive reactance value of a capacitor C of a C-type filter according to the running voltage U, the rated power P and the power factor angle theta of the motor train unit supplied with power by the traction power supply system
Figure FDA0003043115090000011
Further obtaining the parameter value of the capacitor C
Figure FDA0003043115090000012
Step 2: the resonant frequency k of the C-type filterzSetting the harmonic frequency k with the maximum harmonic content at the common coupling point of the traction power supply system and the electric power systemm；
And step 3: setting the impedance Z of a C-type filter at k-th harmonicFkFunction Z of the variation of the filter resistance RFk(R)，
Figure FDA0003043115090000013
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure FDA0003043115090000014
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003043115090000015
is a capacitor C and a filter capacitor C1A proportional parameter of
Figure FDA0003043115090000016
And 4, step 4: setting the drive impedance Z of the point of common coupling at the k harmonickFunction Z of the variation of the filter resistance Rk(R)，
Figure FDA0003043115090000017
Wherein Z isSkIs the system impedance at the k harmonic, ZSk＝RSk+jXSk，RSkIs the system resistance, XSkIs the system reactance; zLkIs the load impedance at the k harmonic, ZLk＝RLk+jXLk，RLkIs a load resistance, XLkIs a load reactance; the system impedance is equivalent impedance converted to an access point of a C-type filter by the impedance of a power system and the leakage reactance of the primary side of a traction transformer, and the load impedance is equivalent impedance of the whole traction network and the motor train unit;
and 5: according to Zk(R) establishing an objective function based on a frequency-impedance indicator
Figure FDA0003043115090000021
And setting its boundary conditions
Figure FDA0003043115090000022
Wherein n is the maximum harmonic number, and Δ is an empirical value for setting the upper limit of the boundary condition;
step 6: solving an objective function IF (R), and taking the optimal solution minIF (R) as a parameter value of a filter resistor R of the C-type filter;
and 7: the parameter value of the filter resistor R is substituted
Figure FDA0003043115090000023
Obtaining a proportional parameter alpha; obtaining a filter capacitor C according to the parameter values of the proportional parameter alpha and the capacitor C1Parameter value of and filter inductance L1Of a parameter value, i.e. C1＝αC，
Figure FDA0003043115090000024
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US9941697B1 (en) * 2017-07-28 2018-04-10 Wilsun Xu System using a subcircuit shared between capacitors for providing reactive power
CN111130114A (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-05-08 四川大学 C-type filter and switch control method thereof
CN111832243A (en) * 2020-07-25 2020-10-27 无锡特力堡电气有限公司 Design simulation tool and method for introducing passive filtering compensation of actually measured electric energy parameters

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CN104135005A (en) * 2014-08-14 2014-11-05 西南交通大学 Low-resistance and high-pass filter
US9941697B1 (en) * 2017-07-28 2018-04-10 Wilsun Xu System using a subcircuit shared between capacitors for providing reactive power
CN111130114A (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-05-08 四川大学 C-type filter and switch control method thereof
CN111832243A (en) * 2020-07-25 2020-10-27 无锡特力堡电气有限公司 Design simulation tool and method for introducing passive filtering compensation of actually measured electric energy parameters

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