CN111812158A - Frequency conversion detection method for urine conductivity and osmotic pressure - Google Patents
Frequency conversion detection method for urine conductivity and osmotic pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111812158A CN111812158A CN202010661507.7A CN202010661507A CN111812158A CN 111812158 A CN111812158 A CN 111812158A CN 202010661507 A CN202010661507 A CN 202010661507A CN 111812158 A CN111812158 A CN 111812158A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency conversion detection method of urine conductivity and osmotic pressure, which comprises the steps of firstly, electrically connecting a constructed conductivity cell with a detection system, outputting variable-frequency and variable-amplitude variable sine wave excitation signals by using a digital-to-analog converter in a conductivity detection module after configuration, and exciting the variable-frequency and variable-amplitude variable sine wave excitation signals to urine in the conductivity cell; then, uniformly dividing and collecting the signals amplified by the operational amplifier through an analog-digital converter; then, performing discrete Fourier operation on each acquired frequency point to obtain and record a real part and an imaginary part under the corresponding frequency point until all the variable sine wave excitation signals are scanned; and finally, after sequencing query and preprocessing are carried out on all scanned data, complex impedance operation is respectively carried out, the obtained complex impedance amplitudes and phase angles of all the frequency conversion frequency points are summed to obtain an average value, the average value is substituted into a mathematical model to obtain the results of conductivity and osmotic pressure, the measurement range is widened, and the detection accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of urine conductivity detection, in particular to a frequency conversion detection method for urine conductivity and osmotic pressure.
Background
It is known in clinical trials that urine conductivity can reflect kidney dilution and concentration functions. The kidney dilution and concentration functions can be changed when the kidney is diseased; for some renal diseases, doctors need to control the dosage according to the urine conductivity of patients at regular intervals to achieve better treatment effect (such as water and sodium retention caused by heart failure). In a routine urine clinical case sample, some viruses and bacteria are often contained; in daily researches, the viruses and bacteria have obvious electro-physical characteristics under a certain fixed frequency (different viruses and different frequencies), and if a sample to be measured is excited by using a fixed frequency or a fixed direct-current voltage signal, the conductivity parameter is measured, and the result is influenced by the viruses or bacteria and is inaccurate; in order to avoid the influence of virus or bacteria, the frequency conversion method is very necessary to measure the conductivity of urine.
The frequency conversion method for measuring urine conductivity/osmotic pressure is characterized by that it uses the ion concentration in urine as detection target, and utilizes the application of electric excitation signal whose frequency can be changed in a wide range to urine, and combines the digital signal and analog signal processing technology, and makes CPU implement correspondent operation so as to obtain the correspondent complex impedance result. The complex impedance characteristics of the urine are relatively obvious in difference, so that the result of measuring the complex impedance of the urine is also obvious, and the conductivity of the corresponding urine sample is calculated by combining the conductivity cell parameters. The device is simple, the measuring speed is high, and meanwhile, the result is relatively accurate by screening out the frequency band with obvious frequency response. Currently, common methods for measuring the conductivity of urine are: the electrical conductivity is measured by the electromagnetic (eddy current) method and by the amperometric method. But the electromagnetic (eddy current) method: the device can only measure the solution with high conductivity, has narrow measuring range, high cost and larger volume, and is not suitable for being used in a urine analyzer; the current method comprises the following steps: the corresponding current is measured by using an I/U conversion method, the measurement range is relatively narrow, the electrical impedance in the urine sample is wide, the flexibility is not strong in the design of a signal acquisition circuit, and in sum, the two methods are narrow in measurement range, so that the detection accuracy is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a frequency conversion detection method for urine conductivity and osmotic pressure, which widens the measurement range and improves the detection accuracy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a frequency conversion detection method for urine conductivity and osmotic pressure, which comprises the following steps:
electrically connecting the constructed conductivity cell with a detection system, and configuring a conductivity detection module;
exciting the urine in the conductivity cell according to the output variable sine wave excitation signal;
after the variable sine wave excitation signal excites a sample, amplifying, dividing and collecting data of a sampling signal;
carrying out discrete Fourier transform on the acquired data until all the variable sine wave excitation signals are scanned;
and performing complex impedance operation on the result subjected to the discrete Fourier transform to obtain a corresponding conductivity value and a corresponding osmotic pressure value.
Wherein, according to the variable sine wave excitation signal of output to arouse the urine in the conductance cell, include:
a digital-to-analog converter in the conductivity detection module after configuration is used for outputting variable sine wave excitation signals with variable frequency and variable amplitude, and urine in a conductivity cell is excited from any one of two conductive parts through an RO electrode, wherein the conductivity cell comprises two conductive parts and an insulating part.
After exciting a sample to the variable sine wave excitation signal, amplifying, dividing and acquiring data of a sampling signal, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and amplifying the sampling signal collected from the other conductive part by using the RI electrode, and performing analog-to-digital conversion on the amplified signal.
After exciting the sample to the variable sine wave excitation signal, amplifying, dividing and collecting data of the sampling signal, the method further comprises the following steps:
and uniformly dividing the frequency period corresponding to each frequency conversion frequency point into 1024 time periods, and respectively acquiring data under analog-to-digital conversion in each time period until all the time periods are completely acquired.
The discrete fourier transform of the acquired data is performed until all the variable sine wave excitation signals are scanned, and the method comprises the following steps:
and performing discrete Fourier operation on each acquired frequency point to obtain and record a real part and an imaginary part corresponding to the frequency point until all the variable sine wave excitation signals are scanned.
Wherein, carry out complex impedance operation to the result after carrying out the discrete Fourier transform, obtain corresponding conductivity value and osmotic pressure value, include:
and after sequencing query and pretreatment are carried out on all the scanned data, complex impedance operation is respectively carried out, and the obtained complex impedance amplitudes and phase angles of all the frequency conversion frequency points are summed and averaged.
Wherein, carry out complex impedance operation to the result after carrying out the discrete Fourier transform, obtain corresponding conductivity value and osmotic pressure value, still include:
and substituting the average values corresponding to the complex impedance amplitude and the phase angle into a mathematical model respectively, calculating corresponding conductivity values, and calculating corresponding urine osmotic pressure values according to the conductivity values.
The invention relates to a frequency conversion detection method of urine conductivity and osmotic pressure, which comprises the steps of firstly, electrically connecting a constructed conductivity cell with a detection system, and then configuring a conductivity detection module; then, outputting variable sine wave excitation signals with variable frequency and variable amplitude by using a digital-to-analog converter in the conductivity detection module after configuration is completed, and exciting the variable sine wave excitation signals to urine in the conductivity cell through an RO electrode; then, after amplification and acquisition are carried out through an operational amplifier on an RI electrode, the amplified signals are evenly divided and acquired through an analog-digital converter; then, performing discrete Fourier operation on each acquired frequency point to obtain and record a real part and an imaginary part under the corresponding frequency point until all the variable sine wave excitation signals are scanned; and finally, after sequencing query and preprocessing are carried out on all scanned data, complex impedance operation is respectively carried out, the obtained complex impedance amplitudes and phase angles of all the frequency conversion frequency points are summed to obtain an average value, the average value is substituted into a mathematical model to obtain the results of conductivity and osmotic pressure, the measurement range is widened, and the detection accuracy is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic step diagram of a method for detecting urine conductivity and osmotic pressure by frequency conversion according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conductivity detection module provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows a frequency conversion excitation method of a variable sine wave excitation signal according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the conductance cell provided by the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a frequency conversion method for detecting urine conductivity and osmotic pressure according to the present invention.
1-an insulating part, 2-a first conducting part, 3-a second conducting part.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a frequency conversion method for detecting urine conductivity and osmotic pressure, including:
and S101, electrically connecting the constructed conductivity cell with a detection system, and configuring a conductivity detection module.
Specifically, an insulating part 1, two first conductive parts 2 and a second conductive part 3 with uniform apertures form a conductivity cell; as shown in the schematic structural diagram of the conductance cell provided in fig. 4, the insulating part 1 may be plastic or any other non-conductive and corrosion-resistant substance, the first conductive part 2 and the second conductive part 3 may be the same part or different parts, and the connection with the non-conductive part 1 may be a thread-tightening sealing ring connection, or a glue-bonding, an ultrasonic welding, an interference connection, etc., and the first conductive part 2 and the second conductive part 3 are data acquisition ends and are connected with a wire; the liquid flows to the second conductive part 3 through the first conductive part 2 and the insulating part 1; also can be through second conductive part 3, flow to first conductive part 2 through insulating part 1, with two electrodes on the system be connected to the metal knob of conductivity cell, as shown in fig. 2, be about to RO electrode and RI electrode with the conductivity cell is connected, after the host computer has inhaled the urine sample, will send the instruction for conductivity detection module, start conductivity and detect, accomplish the configuration to conductivity detection module. The conductivity detection module is added, detection parameters of the urine analysis system are expanded, and the market competitiveness of the product is improved; at the same time, the conductivity parameter can also provide data reference for doctors and other urine researchers.
And S102, exciting the urine in the conductivity cell according to the output variable sine wave excitation signal.
Specifically, a digital-to-analog converter in the conductivity detection module after the configuration is completed is used to output variable-frequency and variable-amplitude variable sine wave excitation signals, wherein a frequency conversion excitation manner of the variable-frequency and variable-amplitude variable sine wave excitation signals including, for example, frequencies 1, 2, 3 to n is shown in fig. 3, the variable frequency range can be from 1Hz to 100KHz, the minimum frequency conversion step pitch is 1Hz, the maximum frequency conversion step pitch is 1KHz, and the step pitch can also be any frequency between 1Hz and 1 KHz; the signal amplitude of the variable amplitude can be selected from peak-to-peak values of 200mV, 400mV, 600mV, 1V and 2V; as shown in the schematic diagram of the conductivity detection module provided in fig. 2, the digital-to-analog converter DAC stimulates urine in the conductivity cell from any one of two conductive parts, including two conductive parts and an insulating part, through the RO electrode, and urine enters the conductivity cell from any one of the first conductive part 2 or the second conductive part 3, and the RO electrode is connected to any one of the first conductive part 2 or the second conductive part 3, so as to increase the flexibility of detection, as shown in the schematic diagram of the structure of the conductivity cell provided in fig. 4, including the insulating part 1, the first conductive part 2, and the second conductive part 3. The excitation signal with wide frequency range and variable frequency is used, so that the interference of some viruses and bacteria with obvious electrical characteristics can be filtered, and the accurate urine conductivity value can be obtained.
And S103, after the variable sine wave excitation signal excites the sample, amplifying, dividing and collecting data of the sampling signal.
Specifically, as shown IN fig. 2, the operational amplifier amplifies the sampling signal collected from another conductive component by using the RI electrode, for example, if the RO electrode is connected to the first conductive component 2, the RI electrode is connected to the second conductive component 3, if the RO electrode is connected to the second conductive component 3, the RI electrode is connected to the first conductive component 2, and then the system CPU collects the amplified signal by the ADC _ IN, where the collection method is as follows: firstly, uniformly dividing a frequency cycle corresponding to each frequency conversion frequency point into 1024 time periods, and respectively carrying out data acquisition under analog-to-digital conversion in each time period by a CPU (central processing unit) until all the time periods are completely acquired to obtain 1024 data.
And S104, performing discrete Fourier transform on the acquired data until all the variable sine wave excitation signals are scanned.
Specifically, in the frequency band scanned by the conductivity module, discrete fourier operation is performed on each acquired frequency conversion point to obtain and record a real part and an imaginary part corresponding to the frequency conversion point, and after data acquisition under scanning of one frequency point and analog-to-digital conversion is completed, scanning of the next frequency point is performed until all variable sine wave excitation signals are scanned, so that the integrity of scanned data can be ensured, and omission and repetition of data are avoided.
And S105, performing complex impedance operation on the result subjected to the discrete Fourier transform to obtain a corresponding conductivity value and a corresponding osmotic pressure value.
Specifically, the method for performing sequencing query and preprocessing on all scanned data specifically comprises the following steps: performing multi-scanning on the recorded frequency point data, performing data sequencing query, searching out a result with very obvious change characteristics, and rejecting the result; if no abnormal result exists, the result does not need to be processed; then, respectively carrying out complex impedance operation on the rest accurate results to obtain complex impedance amplitudes and phase angles of all the frequency conversion frequency points, wherein the formulas are as follows:
amplitude value:
phase angle:
wherein R is a real part and I is an imaginary part.
Then summing the amplitudes Z and phase angles of all frequency points to obtain an average value Zavg，
Substituting the complex impedance amplitude and the average value corresponding to the phase angle into a mathematical model to calculate a corresponding conductivity value, wherein the mathematical model is as follows:
wherein a, b, c, d and e are model coefficients.
And calculating a corresponding urine osmotic pressure value according to the conductivity value Cond, wherein the formula is as follows:
OSM＝A×Cond+B
wherein A, B is a linear coefficient.
The calculated conductivity value and the calculated osmotic pressure value can be transmitted back to an upper computer for storage and display, the measurement range is widened, and the detection accuracy is improved.
As shown in the flow diagram of the frequency conversion detection method for urine conductivity and osmotic pressure provided in fig. 5, firstly, a digital-to-analog converter DAC and an analog-to-digital converter ADC in a conductivity detection module are initialized, then a variable sine wave excitation signal with variable frequency and variable amplitude is output by the digital-to-analog converter DAC to excite the liquid in a conductivity cell, the analog-to-digital converter ADC is used to collect data divided into 1024 time periods, discrete fourier DFT operation is performed after the collection of 1024 points is completed, the obtained corresponding real part and imaginary part are stored, after the scanning of one frequency point is completed, the frequency of Δ f is increased progressively, the variable sine wave excitation signal is output again, until all the excitation signals are completely scanned, the corresponding conductivity and osmotic pressure are calculated and output to an upper computer, a conductivity detection module is added, and the detection parameters of a urine analysis system are expanded, the market competitiveness of the product is improved; meanwhile, the conductivity parameter can also provide data reference for doctors and other urine research workers, and the excitation signal with wide frequency range and variable frequency is used, so that the interference of some viruses and bacteria with obvious electrical characteristics can be filtered, and an accurate urine conductivity value can be obtained; the measurement range is widened, and the detection accuracy is improved.
The invention relates to a frequency conversion detection method of urine conductivity and osmotic pressure, which comprises the steps of firstly, electrically connecting a constructed conductivity cell with a detection system, and then configuring a conductivity detection module; then, outputting variable sine wave excitation signals with variable frequency and variable amplitude by using a digital-to-analog converter in the conductivity detection module after configuration is completed, and exciting the variable sine wave excitation signals to urine in the conductivity cell through an RO electrode; then, after amplification and acquisition are carried out through an operational amplifier on an RI electrode, the amplified signals are evenly divided and acquired through an analog-digital converter; then, performing discrete Fourier operation on each acquired frequency point to obtain and record a real part and an imaginary part under the corresponding frequency point until all the variable sine wave excitation signals are scanned; and finally, after sequencing query and preprocessing are carried out on all scanned data, complex impedance operation is respectively carried out, the obtained complex impedance amplitudes and phase angles of all the frequency conversion frequency points are summed to obtain an average value, the average value is substituted into a mathematical model to obtain the results of conductivity and osmotic pressure, the measurement range is widened, and the detection accuracy is improved.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A frequency conversion detection method for urine conductivity and osmotic pressure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
electrically connecting the constructed conductivity cell with a detection system, and configuring a conductivity detection module;
exciting the urine in the conductivity cell according to the output variable sine wave excitation signal;
after the variable sine wave excitation signal excites a sample, amplifying, dividing and collecting data of a sampling signal;
carrying out discrete Fourier transform on the acquired data until all the variable sine wave excitation signals are scanned;
and performing complex impedance operation on the result subjected to the discrete Fourier transform to obtain a corresponding conductivity value and a corresponding osmotic pressure value.
2. The method for detecting urine conductivity and osmotic pressure according to claim 1, wherein exciting the urine in the conductivity cell according to the output variable sine wave excitation signal comprises:
a digital-to-analog converter in the conductivity detection module after configuration is used for outputting variable sine wave excitation signals with variable frequency and variable amplitude, and urine in a conductivity cell is excited from any one of two conductive parts through an RO electrode, wherein the conductivity cell comprises two conductive parts and an insulating part.
3. The method for variable-frequency detection of urine electrical conductivity and osmolarity according to claim 2, wherein after exciting the sample with the variable sine wave excitation signal, amplifying, segmenting and collecting data of the sampled signal comprises:
and amplifying the sampling signal collected from the other conductive part by using the RI electrode, and performing analog-to-digital conversion on the amplified signal.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the sample is amplified, divided and data-collected after the variable sine wave excitation signal excites the sample, and further comprising:
and uniformly dividing the frequency period corresponding to each frequency conversion frequency point into 1024 time periods, and respectively acquiring data under analog-to-digital conversion in each time period until all the time periods are completely acquired.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the discrete Fourier transforming the collected data until all the variable sine wave excitation signal scans are completed comprises:
and performing discrete Fourier operation on each acquired frequency point to obtain and record a real part and an imaginary part corresponding to the frequency point until all the variable sine wave excitation signals are scanned.
6. The method for frequency-conversion detection of urine electrical conductivity and osmolarity according to claim 5, wherein performing complex impedance operations on the results of the discrete Fourier transform to obtain corresponding electrical conductivity values and osmolarity values comprises:
and after sequencing query and pretreatment are carried out on all the scanned data, complex impedance operation is respectively carried out, and the obtained complex impedance amplitudes and phase angles of all the frequency conversion frequency points are summed and averaged.
7. The method for frequency-conversion detection of urine electrical conductivity and osmolarity according to claim 6, wherein the complex impedance operation is performed on the result of the discrete fourier transform to obtain the corresponding electrical conductivity and osmolarity, further comprising:
and substituting the average values corresponding to the complex impedance amplitude and the phase angle into a mathematical model respectively, calculating corresponding conductivity values, and calculating corresponding urine osmotic pressure values according to the conductivity values.
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| CN112485304A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-03-12 | 河北工业大学 | Milk detection method and system based on conductance method |
| CN112763547A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-07 | 安徽皖仪科技股份有限公司 | Conductivity detection system based on dipolar conductivity cell |
| WO2024155239A1 (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2024-07-25 | Nanyang Technological University | Methods and devices for measuring urine osmolality |
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