A kind of pick-up unit of accumulator and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pick-up unit and method of accumulator, refer in particular to detection method and device that a kind of multifrequency point alternating current discharge method detects accumulator, belong to the detection technique field.
Background technology
Accumulator is as the ingredient of power-supply system, and play reserve power, deal with the unusual and special operation condition of electrical network, keep the key effect of the normal operation of system, be the last line of defense that needs highly reliable electric power safeguard field.Accumulator is widely used in industry fields such as electric power, communication, government bodies, finance, security, insurance, radio and television, communications and transportation, manufacturing, army, education, scientific research, communal facility.But in actual applications; effectively detect maintenance service owing to lack; can not grasp battery condition in time, exactly; can't eliminate the hidden danger that battery problems is brought; in electric power supply unusual or when interrupting accumulator can not normally devote oneself to work; or very short just inefficacy of working time, thereby cause power outage, produce very big economic loss.At present the accumulator detection technique is had two kinds of ac-current inject method and direct-current discharge methods, ac-current inject method is the exciting current that injects a fixed frequency to accumulator, and the variation of measuring accumulator voltage simultaneously calculates the internal resistance of accumulator with this.The direct-current discharge method is load in parallel on accumulator, the break-make of gauge tap, make accumulator emit a constant DC current (greater than 70 amperes), measure discharging time and stop the variation of discharging time accumulator voltage, calculate the internal resistance of accumulator with this to load.But their equal defectiveness:
1, the defective of ac-current inject method
(1), anti-interference is poor, measuring error is big.Ac-current inject method is subject to the interference of charging set AC ripple, flickering because injection current is less, and measuring error is big.
(2), can only under a frequency, measure, the parameter that records is few, can not accurately reflect the state of accumulator.
(3), the frequency of measurement result and measuring-signal is relevant, is not the intrinsic parameter of accumulator, the equipment of different manufacturers, measurement result is different fully.
2, the defective of direct-current discharge method
(1), can bring infringement to accumulator.Owing to adopt very large electric current, its discharge current often surpasses the design discharge current of accumulator, so measuring process can be brought infringement to accumulator and connection line, is a kind of method of testing that diminishes.
(2), jeopardize electric power system safety.The one, when test, need disconnect the accumulator major loop; therefore need in major loop, carry out change action,, then can endanger whole electric power system safety if equipment breaks down; and in a single day power-off event appears in test process, then can the switching and the protection of standby power supply be impacted.Excessive in addition discharge current may produce protective relaying device and disturb, and causes misoperation, jeopardizes electric power system safety.
(3), can produce polarization resistance in inside battery electrode generation polarization phenomena when the direct-current discharge method is measured accumulator internal resistance, cause internal resistance measurement value error very big.
(4), the poor repeatability of Ce Lianging.Accumulator itself is a big electric capacity, measures the loop and also has electric capacity and inductance, thereby in whole discharge process, especially when beginning and end, the transient effect of circuit is very obvious, and the direct-current discharge method is very big in the size differences of difference moment sampled value like this, causes bad measurement repeatability.
(2), can only under a frequency, measure, the parameter that records is few, can not accurately reflect the state of accumulator.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: a kind of pick-up unit and the method that can accurately measure the accumulator of each parameter of accumulator is provided.
In order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, the invention provides up-to-date accumulator pick-up unit and the method for improving above-mentioned deficiency.The present invention solves the scheme that its technical matters adopts: a kind of accumulator pick-up unit comprises CPU, operational amplifier, multi-way switch, digital to analog converter D/A, high-power MOS tube, coupling capacitance, bandpass filter able to programme, modulus converter A/D; Described high-power MOS tube is connected on the battery discharging detection loop and controls battery discharging to produce exciting current by CPU, detected current signal and voltage signal are removed DC component through described coupling capacitance, by described operational amplifier signal is amplified, after described bandpass filter able to programme is removed undesired signal, send into digital to analog converter A/D again and become digital signal, and then send into described CPU and carry out digital signal processing, through drawing the complex impedance of accumulator under the corresponding frequencies after the mathematical operation; CPU can control waveform and the frequency that high-power MOS tube changes the battery discharging electric current by D/A, to realize the measurement to a plurality of frequencies of accumulator.
Preferably, CPU can control high-power MOS tube by D/A, and to regulate the battery discharging current waveform be pure sine wave, realizes detection to accumulator with the alternating current discharge method.
Preferably, CPU is through the frequency of D/A to high-power MOS tube issue an order change discharge current, and CPU regulates the centre frequency f of bandpass filter able to programme simultaneously
0And quality factor q, to realize measurement to a plurality of frequencies of accumulator.
Preferably, control described multi-way switch by CPU, can sequence detection 1# accumulator, 2# accumulator, 3# accumulator ..., not only can carry out off-line measurement to the single-unit accumulator, can also carry out on-line monitoring to each accumulator in the whole battery pack of working.
Preferably, described CPU is ARM.
Preferably, adopted bandpass filter able to programme that current signal and voltage signal are carried out filtering, to adapt to the processing of different measuring frequency interfering signal.
Preferably, described detection accumulator plant also is provided with A/D3, A/D4 sense channel, is used for detecting accumulator DC and presses and temperature.
Preferably,, make described accumulator pick-up unit have network function, can set up the accumulator monitoring net by CPU control communication interface.
A kind of detection method of utilizing above-mentioned accumulator pick-up unit:
1), sets up new battery circuit model;
2) metal-oxide-semiconductor is controlled to regulate discharge current waveform and frequency through digital to analog converter D/A by CPU.Under given frequency, detect through described accumulator pick-up unit, draw the complex impedance of accumulator under corresponding frequencies;
3), CPU gives an order and changes the discharge current frequency, under another frequency, detects through described accumulator pick-up unit, draws the complex impedance of accumulator under this frequency;
4), so repeatedly for several times, obtain the complex impedance of accumulator under a plurality of frequencies;
5), according to these data in conjunction with the battery circuit model that is proposed, calculate circuit parameters such as the real internal resistance of accumulator, electric capacity by CPU;
6) according to these parameters, by the capacity and the carrying capacity of CPU calculating accumulator.
The detection method of accumulator of the present invention and device adopt multifrequency point alternating current discharge method that accumulator is detected, and compare with traditional accumulator detection method, have tangible advantage:
1, explicit physical meaning is distinguished accumulator capacity and accumulator carrying capacity.
2, measurement data has objectivity, and the data of the accumulator that this method records are parameters such as actual resistance, electric capacity, inductance, do not rely on the detection signal frequency and independent the existence, and data have objectivity, can compare mutually.
3, test result can truly reflect accumulator electric-quantity.
4, test is accurate, and strong interference immunity can be applied to the accumulator on-line monitoring that exists big AC ripple to disturb.
5, accumulator testing process safety can not exert an influence to the normal operation of accumulator and electric power system.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic block circuit diagram of a kind of accumulator pick-up unit of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is discharge current waveform figure of a kind of accumulator pick-up unit of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 is battery circuit illustratons of model of a kind of accumulator pick-up unit of the present invention.
Embodiment
Of the present invention a kind of accumulator pick-up unit as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3 comprises CPU, operational amplifier, multi-way switch, digital to analog converter D/A, high-power MOS tube, coupling capacitance, bandpass filter able to programme, modulus converter A/D.This patent has proposed a kind of new battery circuit model (seeing accompanying drawing 3).High-power MOS tube is connected on the battery discharging detection loop and controls battery discharging to produce exciting current by CPU, detected current signal and voltage signal are removed DC component through described coupling capacitance, by described operational amplifier signal is amplified, after described bandpass filter able to programme is removed undesired signal, send into digital to analog converter A/D again and become digital signal, and then send into described CPU and carry out digital signal processing, carry out Fourier transform again and obtain the electric current under the corresponding frequencies and the real part of voltage signal, imaginary part, advanced the complex impedance that mathematical operation can draw accumulator under the corresponding frequencies again, CPU can control high-power MOS tube by D/A and change the measuring-signal frequency.CPU described in the present embodiment is ARM.
The measurement of discharge current signal: current measurement signal is removed DC component by capacitive coupling, ac current signal is sent into operational amplifier amplify, and sends into digital to analog converter A/D1 and become digital signal after bandpass filter able to programme is removed undesired signal.
The measurement of accumulator voltage signal communication component: voltage measurement signal is removed DC component through coupling capacitance, ac voltage signal is sent into operational amplifier amplify, and sends into digital to analog converter A/D2 and become digital signal after bandpass filter is removed undesired signal.
Simultaneously-measured ac voltage signal and alternating current letter number is sent into CPU and is carried out signal Processing after A/D is converted to digital signal, at first carry out digital filtering and further remove undesired signal, carry out Fourier transform again and remove the measuring-signal frequency through outer undesired signal and calculate the real part and the imaginary part of current signal under the corresponding frequencies, voltage signal, then perform mathematical calculations again, calculate the complex impedance of accumulator under corresponding frequencies.CPU gives an order and changes the discharge current frequency, can record the complex impedance of accumulator under a plurality of frequencies.By these complex impedance data, perform mathematical calculations by CPU according to the battery circuit model that is proposed, can obtain the circuit parameter such as internal resistance, electric capacity of accumulator.According to these parameters, further calculate accumulator capacity and carrying capacity at last.
The accumulator pick-up unit is controlled described multi-way switch by CPU, can sequence detection 1# accumulator, 2# accumulator, 3# accumulator ... not only can carry out off-line measurement, can also carry out on-line monitoring each accumulator in the whole battery pack of working to the single-unit accumulator.
The accumulator pick-up unit also is provided with A/D3, A/D4 sense channel, is used for detecting accumulator DC and presses and temperature.
Described accumulator pick-up unit has adopted bandpass filter able to programme to carry out filtering, to adapt to the different processing that detect the frequency interfering signal.
A kind of detection method of utilizing above-mentioned accumulator pick-up unit:
1), set up new battery circuit model, see accompanying drawing 3;
2) metal-oxide-semiconductor is controlled to regulate discharge current waveform and frequency through digital to analog converter D/A by CPU.Given frequency f 1 time, detect through described accumulator pick-up unit, draw the complex impedance Z1 under the corresponding frequencies of accumulator;
3), CPU gives an order and changes the discharge current frequency, another frequency f 2 times, detects through described accumulator pick-up unit, draws the complex impedance Z2 of accumulator under this frequency;
4), so repeatedly for several times, obtain accumulator at a plurality of frequency f 1, f2, f3 ... under complex impedance under complex impedance Z1, Z2, Z3
5), according to these data in conjunction with the battery circuit model that is proposed, calculate the accumulator circuit parameters such as internal resistance, electric capacity of circuit model as shown in Figure 3 by CPU;
6) according to these parameters, by the capacity and the carrying capacity of CPU calculating accumulator.
Detection accumulator plant of the present invention and method, the method for utilizing multifrequency point alternating current discharge method to detect accumulator is compared with traditional accumulator detection method, has tangible advantage:
1, explicit physical meaning is distinguished accumulator capacity and accumulator carrying capacity.
Accumulator capacity is represented the ability of accumulator cell charging and discharging; The accumulator carrying capacity is represented the electric weight of the actual preservation of accumulator.
What traditional accumulator internal resistance detection method recorded is the battery impedance sum, accumulator capacity diminishes, battery discharging makes many factors such as carrying capacity reduction, loose contact all cause accumulator internal resistance to become big, thereby can't distinguish accumulator capacity and accumulator carrying capacity.
Multifrequency point alternating current discharge method accumulator detection technique can detect the size of accumulator capacity and carrying capacity, explicit physical meaning.
2, the objectivity of measurement data
Traditional accumulator detection method can only be measured the impedance of accumulator under a frequency, measuring method has DC-method and AC method, the survey frequency difference that each family uses, and measurement result depends on the frequency of measuring-signal, can't compare mutually.
The accumulator data that multifrequency point alternating current discharge method accumulator detection technique obtains are parameters such as actual resistance, electric capacity, inductance, do not rely on signal frequency and independent the existence, and data have objectivity, can compare mutually.
3, the reflection accumulator electric-quantity is accurate
Traditional accumulator detection method detects the impedance of accumulator.The impedance of accumulator and the capacity of accumulator or accumulator carrying capacity do not have inevitable relation.Particularly accumulator capacity is greater than 80% o'clock, and impedance did not almost change when accumulator capacity or carrying capacity changed, and impedance and capacity, carrying capacity are uncorrelated.Less than 80% o'clock, battery impedance and capacity related coefficient just increased gradually in accumulator capacity, yet this moment, accumulator entered the serious deterioration phase, will soon lose efficacy.Therefore the traditional storage battery detection method can't accomplish to give warning in advance, and can't really pass judgment on accumulator capacity, and practical significance is limited.
What multifrequency point alternating current discharge method accumulator detection technique reflected is the actual capacity and the carrying capacity of accumulator.When accumulator electric-quantity changes in 0~100% scope, the detected accumulator parameter approximately linear of multifrequency point alternating current discharge method accumulator detection method ground monotone variation.Therefore can accurately measure the electric weight that holds.
4, test is accurate, and strong interference immunity can be applied to AC ripple and disturb big monitoring at accumulator line.
Generally be in floating charge state during the accumulator on-line operation, the charging set ripple is very big to measure signal interference, and some Large UPS equipment AC ripple can reach tens amperes, much larger than the amplitude of measuring-signal.Traditional detection method, when off-line measurement, the testing result accuracy is higher, and during on-line measurement, owing to disturbed by the charging equipment AC ripple, causes the test data fluctuation bigger.
Multifrequency point alternating current discharge method accumulator detection technique adopts bandpass filter able to programme to remove undesired signal, after A/D becomes digital signal, by CPU detection signal is carried out Fourier transform, can thoroughly remove the undesired signal beyond the measuring-signal frequency, therefore the art of this patent strong interference immunity can be applied to the abominable places of electromagnetic environment such as accumulator on-line monitoring.
5, accumulator testing process safety can not exert an influence to the normal operation of accumulator and electric power system.
Traditional accumulator detection method; as the direct-current discharge method, for the raising measuring accuracy adopts much larger than the discharge current of battery-operated electric current accumulator is detected, very big to accumulator harm; and may cause the relay protection system misoperation, directly jeopardize the safety of electric power system.
Multifrequency point alternating current discharge method accumulator detection technique is very strong owing to the anti-interference of technology own, thereby adopts less measurement electric current just can obtain very high measuring accuracy, can not produce any influence to accumulator and electric power system.Thereby test process is very safe.
Multifrequency point alternating current discharge method accumulator checkout equipment and The Application of Technology field are very extensive, can be applied to detection, monitoring and the assessment of industry field accumulators such as electric power, communication, government bodies, finance, security, insurance, radio and television, communications and transportation, manufacturing, army, education, scientific research, communal facility.Ben is that electric automobile, electric bicycle can be come into people's life more and more along with the raising of entire society's energy-conserving and environment-protective consciousness.Multifrequency point alternating current discharge method accumulator detection technique and equipment have played the effect of " fuel level gauge ", can clearly demonstrate vehicle how many mileages that can also travel, so multifrequency point alternating current discharge method accumulator detection technique have huge energy-conserving and environment-protective meaning.
The foregoing description only is explanation technical conceive of the present invention and characteristics; its purpose is to allow the personage that is familiar with this technology can understand content of the present invention and is implemented; can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this; all equivalences that spirit is done according to the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.