CN110275114A - Accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method based on combined filter algorithm - Google Patents
Accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method based on combined filter algorithm Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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Abstract
Accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method based on combined filter algorithm of the invention, battery and the AC response signal to specific resistance both ends are acquired first, then structural element scale telescopic extensions are determined, the multiple dimensioned alternately mixed filtering based on open-close operation is carried out to AC response signal using structural element scale telescopic extensions, then the threshold filter for carrying out soft or hard compromise after its wavelet decomposition again is handled, the internal resistance of battery is finally calculated using method of comparison.Accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method of the invention, using mathematical morphology, alternately mixing filtering method filters out the transient impulsive noise component in AC response signal, and the characteristic quantity of approximate signal is extracted using Threshold Denoising algorithm, both the high-frequency noise in AC response signal and the interference of transient pulse had been filtered out, influence of the line resistance to testing result is overcome again, significantly improves the precision of exchange injection method accumulator cell essential resistance on-line measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring methods based on combined filter algorithm, more specifically, especially
It is related to it is a kind of suitable for green building field ups power battery, electric automobile power battery based on combined filter algorithm
Accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method.
Background technique
Battery health state evaluation is generally using the variation of accumulator internal resistance as the weight of its capacity and remaining life at present
Will foundation, when internal resistance value than standard internal resistance value increase by 20% and its capacity be less than rated capacity 80% when, can generally be judged to
Battery failures simultaneously need to replace battery immediately to guarantee that DC power-supply system operates normally.
Currently, internal resistance detection generallys use direct current transient large current discharge method and AC impedence method.The patent No.
CN105092977A " accumulator internal resistance measurement method and circuit, method for detecting health status and system " uses direct current moment big electricity
Electrical method is banished by measurement load access or when removing, the transient change amount of accumulator voltage and the C-V characteristic of battery
Curve calculating accumulator internal resistance.Biggish load current is instantaneously accessed, capacity effect between accumulator plate can be effectively avoided
Influence to internal resistance measurement, but instantaneous large-current will generate adverse effect to the service life and safety of battery, and uncomfortable
Battery for Small And Medium Capacity.Patent No. CN104950180A " the cell batteries internal resistance accurate measurement method based on EIS "
The sinusoidal excitation current for applying fixed frequency to battery using AC impedence method, the battery under the effect of battery equivalent internal resistance
Both ends will form exchange pressure drop signal and pass through voltammetry after wavelet transformation using the signal as the AC response signal of system
The internal resistance value of the battery can be calculated.This method is not limited by the amount of capacity of battery, and the scope of application is relatively broad
And support on-line monitoring.Since excitation signal amplitude is smaller, the ripple of generation is smaller on DC load and battery influence, but by
The influence of the interference such as high-frequency noise caused by the loads such as electromagnetic switch, charger, inverter and transient pulse, so that exchange is rung
Induction signal causes localized distortion after wavelet transformation, so that measurement accuracy reduces.Simple wavelet transformation noise-reduction method is
It is not able to satisfy the required precision of internal resistance measurement when battery is contributed under complex working condition.Therefore, how high-intensitive arteries and veins is effectively avoided
To the distortion effect of signal processing, improving accumulator internal resistance measurement accuracy is current urgent problem to be solved for punching interference.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to overcome the shortcomings of the above technical problems, provides in a kind of battery based on combined filter algorithm
Hinder on-line monitoring method.
Accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method based on combined filter algorithm of the invention, the both ends of battery are connected with sharp
Source is encouraged, it is f that driving source, which generates frequency,1, amplitude be A sinusoidal excitation signal；It connects on circuit between driving source and battery
There is comparison sampling resistor R1；It is characterized in that, accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method are as follows: acquisition battery both ends and comparison first
Then the AC response signal at resistance both ends determines the structural element scale telescopic extensions of two pairs of AC response signals respectively,
The multiple dimensioned alternately mixing filter based on open-close operation is carried out to AC response signal followed by structural element scale telescopic extensions
Wave, to eliminate the transient impulsive noise component in AC response signal；Then to carrying out soft or hard compromise again after its wavelet decomposition
Threshold filter processing, and calculate battery and compare the virtual value of electrical response signal, storage is finally calculated using method of comparison
The internal resistance of battery.
Accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method based on combined filter algorithm of the invention, it is characterised in that: the storage
Internal resistance of cell on-line monitoring method is realized especially by following steps:
A) ac signal acquisition, under conditions of driving source generates lasting, stable sinusoidal excitation signal, with same
Sample frequency f2Acquire the AC response signal f at battery both endsbsw1(n) and comparison sampling resistor R1The AC response at both ends is believed
Number fdsw2(n), the sampling number for remembering two AC response signals is N；
B) determines structural element scale telescopic extensions, OVAC discrete signal f collectedbsw1(n)、fdsw2(n) respectively into
Row step b-1) processing to step b 1 3):
B-1) determines maximum position sequence, by searching for and comparing the numerical values recited of sampled point in discrete sample signals,
It determines the maximum in sampled signal, and determines maximum position point set according to sampling order:
Post-max={ postmaxi| i=1,2 ..., Nnum-max} (1)
In formula, Post-maxFor maximum position point set, post-maxiFor the abscissa of the maximum of serial number i, Nost-max
For the quantity of maximum point；
B-2) calculates adjacent maximum distance, is calculated according to the abscissa of each maximum striked in step b-1)
The horizontal distance set D of adjacent maximump:
Dp={ dpm|dpm=post-max(m+1)-post-maxm, m=1,2 ..., Nnum-max-1} (2)
In formula, dpmFor the horizontal distance between the maximum of serial number m+1 and the maximum of serial number m；
B-3) seeks structural element scale, and the maximum value K of structural element scale is sought first with formula (3)maxAnd minimum
Value Kmin:
In formula, ceil [] is to round up, and floor [] is to be rounded downwards；Thus, the scale set of structural element
Sg are as follows:
Sg={ sgi|sgi=Kmin, Kmin+ 1 ..., Kmax} (4)
C) the multiple dimensioned alternately mixed filtering of, if discrete sample signals fbsw1(n)、fdsw2(n) after the processing of step b), institute
The scale set of the structural element of acquisition is respectively sg={ sgi|sgi=Kmin, Kmin+ 1 ..., Kmax, sg '={ sg 'i|gg′i
=K 'min, K 'min+ 1 ..., K 'max}；It is calculated using the multiple dimensioned alternately mixed filtering based on open-close operation that formula (5) provides
Method, to sampled signal fbsw1(n)、fdsw2(n) it is filtered:
In formula, fbs(n)、fdsIt (n) is respectively fbsw1(n)、fdsw2(n) morphologic filtering signal, " ", indicate closed operation,Indicate opening operation；Wherein opening operation mainly eliminates direct impulse interference, and negative-going pulse interference is mainly eliminated in closed operation；
D) wavelet decomposition utilizes DB10Wavelet basis function is to morphologic filtering signal fbs(n)、fds(n) 4 layers of small echo are carried out
It decomposes, the expression formula after decomposing are as follows:
In formula,For i-th layer of detail signal,For i-th layer of approximate signal；
Then using formula (7) respectively to four layers of detail signalCarry out the threshold value filter of soft or hard compromise
Wave processing:
In formula, σ ∈ (0,1] it is weight coefficient,For the standard variance of i-th layer of detail signal, sgn [] is sign function, i
=1,2,3,4, N ' are Di(n) sum of discrete point in；Di(n) it isOr
E) signal reconstruction, if four layers of detail signalSoft or hard compromise threshold function table through formula (7)
Treated, and signal is denoted as W respectivelyi、Wi', utilize WiAnd approximate signalIt is reconstructed to obtain the response voltage of battery
Signal U1(n), W is utilizedi' and approximate signalIt is reconstructed to obtain contrast potential signal U2(n), i=1,2,3,4；Then
Virtual value calculating is carried out to response voltage signal and contrast potential signal using formula (8):
In formula, N is sampling number；
F) calculating accumulator internal resistance utilizes the virtual value U of battery response voltage signalp1, contrast potential signal it is effective
Value Up2, using method of comparison calculating accumulator equivalent internal resistance Rac:
In formula, R1For the resistance value to specific resistance.
Accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method based on combined filter algorithm of the invention is sentenced after obtaining accumulator internal resistance
Whether the internal resistance value increment of current battery of breaking has exceeded the 20% of its standard internal resistance, if it was exceeded, providing alarm and replacement
The prompt of battery provides accumulator internal resistance value and the percentage beyond standard internal resistance if be not above.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method of the invention, in outer plus exchange, sinusoidal excitation
Under conditions of signal, battery and the AC response signal to specific resistance both ends are acquired first, are then handed over using mathematical morphology
The transient impulsive noise component in AC response signal is filtered out for mixed filtering method, and is extracted using Threshold Denoising algorithm
The characteristic quantity of approximate signal is finally calculated the internal resistance of battery using method of comparison, had both filtered out the height in AC response signal
The interference of frequency noise and transient pulse, and influence of the line resistance to testing result is overcome, it significantly improves exchange injection method and stores
The precision of internal resistance of cell on-line measurement.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that accumulator internal resistance of the invention monitors circuit diagram on-line；
Fig. 2 is the signal processing flow figure of combined type filtering algorithm in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method of the invention；
In Fig. 4, figure a is the AC response signal at untreated battery both ends, and figure b is that the exchange at battery both ends is believed
Number only by simple wavelet filter treated waveform diagram, figure c is the AC signal at battery both ends through group of the invention
Box-like filtering algorithm treated waveform diagram.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, give accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring circuit diagram of the invention, shown in lead-acid accumulator be to
The battery of internal resistance is surveyed, ac-excited signal generator is used to inject AC sine signal, ac-excited letter to the both ends of battery
Comparison sampling resistor R is in series on route number between generator and battery1, ac-excited signal generator and battery it
Between route equivalent resistance be R2.While the injection of ac-excited signal, the AC response acquired from battery both ends is believed
Number be fbsw1It (n), is f from the AC response signal that comparison sampling resistor both ends acquiredsw2(n).Due to battery under normal conditions
Internal resistance be milliohm grade, therefore than sampling resistor R1Also milliohm grade is used, 20 milliohms are such as used.Battery collected and right
The AC response signal processing flow at specific resistance both ends are as follows: first according to the frequency of sampled signal and peak value Self-tuning System structural element
Parameter carries out pre-filtering processing to sampled signal using mathematical morphology alternating compound filter, with Threshold Denoising
Function carries out Characteristic Extraction to the AC response signal of monitoring system, realizes the online accurate survey to lead-acid accumulator internal resistance
Amount.
As shown in Fig. 2, giving the signal processing flow figure of combined type filtering algorithm in the present invention, Fig. 3 gives this hair
The flow chart of bright accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method, accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method of the invention is especially by following
Step is realized:
A) ac signal acquisition, under conditions of driving source generates lasting, stable sinusoidal excitation signal, with same
Sample frequency f2Acquire the AC response signal f at battery both endsbsw1(n) and comparison sampling resistor R1The AC response at both ends is believed
Number fdsw2(n), n is sampling number；
B) determines structural element scale telescopic extensions, OVAC discrete signal f collectedbsw1(n)、fdsw2(n) respectively into
Row step b-1) to the processing of step b-3):
B-1) determines maximum position sequence, by searching for and comparing the numerical values recited of sampled point in discrete sample signals,
It determines the maximum in sampled signal, and determines maximum position point set according to sampling order:
Post-max={ post-maxi| i=1,2 ..., Nnum-max} (1)
In formula, Post-maxFor maximum position point set, post-maxiFor the abscissa of the maximum of serial number i, Nost-max
For the quantity of maximum point；
B-2) calculates adjacent maximum distance, is calculated according to the abscissa of each maximum striked in step b-1)
The horizontal distance set D of adjacent maximump:
Dp={ dpm|dpm=post-max(m+1)-post-maxm, m=1,2 ..., Nnum-max-1} (2)
In formula, dpmFor the horizontal distance between the maximum of serial number m+1 and the maximum of serial number m；
B-3) seeks structural element scale, and the maximum value K of structural element scale is sought first with formula (3)maxAnd minimum
Value Kmin:
In formula, ceil [] is to round up, and floor [] is to be rounded downwards；Thus, the scale set of structural element
Sg are as follows:
Sg={ sgi|sgi=Kmin, Kmin+ 1 ..., Kmax} (4)
C) the multiple dimensioned alternately mixed filtering of, if discrete sample signals fbsw1(n)、fdsw2(n) after the processing of step b), institute
The scale set of the structural element of acquisition is respectively sg={ sgi|sgi=Kmin, Kmin+ 1 ..., Kmax, sg '={ sg 'i|gg′i
=K 'min, K 'min+ 1 ..., K 'max}；It is calculated using the multiple dimensioned alternately mixed filtering based on open-close operation that formula (5) provides
Method, to sampled signal fbsw1(n)、fdsw2(n) it is filtered:
In formula, fbs(n)、fdsIt (n) is respectively fbsw1(n)、fdsw2(n) morphologic filtering signal, " ", indicate closed operation,Indicate opening operation；Wherein opening operation mainly eliminates direct impulse interference, and negative-going pulse interference is mainly eliminated in closed operation；
D) wavelet decomposition utilizes DB10Wavelet basis function is to morphologic filtering signal fbs(n)、fds(n) 4 layers of small echo are carried out
It decomposes, the expression formula after decomposing are as follows:
In formula,For i-th layer of detail signal,For i-th layer of approximate signal；
Then using formula (7) respectively to four layers of detail signalCarry out the threshold value filter of soft or hard compromise
Wave processing:
In formula, σ ∈ (0,1] it is weight coefficient,For the standard variance of jth layer detail signal, sgn [] is symbol letter
Number, i=1,2,3,4；Di(n) it isOr
E) signal reconstruction, if four layers of detail signalSoft or hard compromise threshold function table through formula (7)
Treated, and signal is denoted as W respectivelyi、Wi', utilize WiAnd approximate signalIt is reconstructed to obtain the response voltage of battery
Signal U1(n), W is utilizedi' and approximate signalIt is reconstructed to obtain contrast potential signal U2(n), i=1,2,3,4；Then
Virtual value calculating is carried out to response voltage signal and contrast potential signal using formula (8):
In formula, N1For U1(n) the discrete voltage quantity contained, N2For U2(n) the discrete voltage quantity contained；
F) calculating accumulator internal resistance utilizes the virtual value U of battery response voltage signalp1, contrast potential signal it is effective
Value Up2, using method of comparison calculating accumulator equivalent internal resistance Rac:
In formula, R1For the resistance value to specific resistance.
After obtaining accumulator internal resistance, judge whether the internal resistance value increment of current battery has exceeded its standard internal resistance
20%, if it was exceeded, provide alarm and replace battery prompt, if be not above, provide accumulator internal resistance value and
Percentage beyond standard internal resistance.
As shown in figure 4, figure a is the AC response signal at untreated battery both ends, figure b is the friendship at battery both ends
Signal is flowed only by simple wavelet filter treated waveform diagram, and figure c is the AC signal at battery both ends through the present invention
Combined type filtering algorithm treated waveform diagram.By the waveform diagram in comparison diagram b and figure a, simple wavelet threshold filter is found
Wave can only filter out positive and negative impulsive noise lesser in signal, it is difficult to filter out the biggish transient pulse in AC response signal
Noise component(s).Pass through comparison diagram c and figure a, it is seen then that combined type filtering algorithm of the invention can be by the high frequency in AC response signal
Noise and transient impulsive noise filter out, and are conducive to calculate more accurate accumulator internal resistance value.
Accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method based on combined filter algorithm of the invention, both ensure that Morphologic filters
Ability is filtered out to transient pulse interference, in turn ensures that wavelet threshold algorithms filter out ability to high-frequency noise, gives full play to
The respective characteristic of the two.AC response signal is directly handled compared to wavelet threshold denoising algorithm, which reduces
Influence of the transient pulse component to AC response signal peak, effectively raises the signal-to-noise ratio of filtering signal.This method simultaneously
Measured deviation caused by the factors such as electromagnetic interference under complex environment background is effectively prevented, there is weight to the internal resistance detection of battery
Want meaning.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method based on combined filter algorithm, the both ends of battery are connected with driving source,
It is f that driving source, which generates frequency,1, amplitude be A sinusoidal excitation signal；Comparison is in series on circuit between driving source and battery
Sampling resistor R1；It is characterized in that, accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method are as follows: acquire battery both ends first and to specific resistance two
Then the AC response signal at end determines the structural element scale telescopic extensions of two pairs of AC response signals respectively, then sharp
The multiple dimensioned alternately mixed filtering based on open-close operation is carried out to AC response signal with structural element scale telescopic extensions, with
Eliminate the transient impulsive noise component in AC response signal；Then the threshold value for carrying out soft or hard compromise after its wavelet decomposition again is filtered
Wave processing, and calculate battery and compare the virtual value of electrical response signal, battery is finally calculated using method of comparison
Internal resistance.
2. the accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method according to claim 1 based on combined filter algorithm, it is characterised in that:
The accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method is realized especially by following steps:
A) ac signal acquisition, under conditions of driving source generates lasting, stable sinusoidal excitation signal, similarly to sample
Frequency f2Acquire the AC response signal f at battery both endsbsw1(n) and comparison sampling resistor R1The AC response signal at both ends
fdsw2(n), the sampling number for remembering two AC response signals is N；
B) determines structural element scale telescopic extensions, OVAC discrete signal f collectedbsw1(n)、fdsw2(n) it is walked respectively
Rapid b-1) to the processing of step b-3):
B-1) determines maximum position sequence, by searching for and comparing the numerical values recited of sampled point in discrete sample signals, determines
Maximum in sampled signal, and maximum position point set is determined according to sampling order:
Post-max={ post-maxi| i=1,2 ..., Nnum-max} (1)
In formula, Post-maxFor maximum position point set, post-maxiFor the abscissa of the maximum of serial number i, Nost-maxIt is very big
It is worth the quantity of point；
B-2) calculates adjacent maximum distance, is calculated according to the abscissa of each maximum striked in step b-1) adjacent
The horizontal distance set D of maximump:
Dp={ dpm|dpm=post-max(m+1)-post-maxm, m=1,2 ..., Nnum-max-1} (2)
In formula, dpmFor the horizontal distance between the maximum of serial number m+1 and the maximum of serial number m；
B-3) seeks structural element scale, and the maximum value K of structural element scale is sought first with formula (3)maxAnd minimum value
Kmin:
In formula, ceil [] is to round up, and floor [] is to be rounded downwards；Thus, the scale set sg of structural element are as follows:
Sg={ sgi|sgi=Kmin,Kmin+1,...,Kmax} (4)
C) the multiple dimensioned alternately mixed filtering of, if discrete sample signals fbsw1(n)、fdsw2(n) acquired after the processing of step b)
The scale set of structural element be respectively sg={ sgi|sgi=Kmin,Kmin+1,...,Kmax, sg '={ sg 'i|sg′i=
K′min,K′min+1,...,K′max}；The multiple dimensioned alternately mixing filtering algorithm based on open-close operation provided using formula (5),
To sampled signal fbsw1(n)、fdsw2(n) it is filtered:
In formula, fbs(n)、fdsIt (n) is respectively fbsw1(n)、fdsw2(n) morphologic filtering signal, " ", indicate closed operation,
Indicate opening operation；Wherein opening operation mainly eliminates direct impulse interference, and negative-going pulse interference is mainly eliminated in closed operation；
D) wavelet decomposition utilizes DB10Wavelet basis function is to morphologic filtering signal fbs(n)、fds(n) 4 layers of wavelet decomposition are carried out,
Its expression formula after decomposing are as follows:
In formula,For i-th layer of detail signal,For i-th layer of approximate signal；
Then using formula (7) respectively to four layers of detail signalAt the threshold filter for carrying out soft or hard compromise
Reason:
In formula, σ ∈ (0,1] it is weight coefficient,For the standard variance of i-th layer of detail signal, sgn [] is sign function, i=1,
2,3,4, N ' are Di(n) sum of discrete point in；Di(n) it isOr
E) signal reconstruction, if four layers of detail signalSoft or hard compromise threshold function table processing through formula (7)
Signal afterwards is denoted as W respectivelyi、Wi', utilize WiAnd approximate signalIt is reconstructed to obtain the response voltage signal of battery
U1(n), W is utilizedi' and approximate signalIt is reconstructed to obtain contrast potential signal U2(n), i=1,2,3,4；Then it utilizes
Formula (8) carries out virtual value calculating to response voltage signal and contrast potential signal:
In formula, N is sampling number；
F) calculating accumulator internal resistance utilizes the virtual value U of battery response voltage signalp1, contrast potential signal virtual value
Up2, using method of comparison calculating accumulator equivalent internal resistance Rac:
In formula, R1For the resistance value to specific resistance.
3. the accumulator internal resistance on-line monitoring method according to claim 1 or 2 based on combined filter algorithm, feature exist
In: after obtaining accumulator internal resistance, judge whether the internal resistance value increment of current battery has exceeded the 20% of its standard internal resistance, if
Exceed, then provide alarm and replace the prompt of battery, if be not above, provides accumulator internal resistance value and beyond in standard
The percentage of resistance.
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