CN1975444A - Accumulator cell internal resistance and degradation state on-line monitoring method and system - Google Patents
Accumulator cell internal resistance and degradation state on-line monitoring method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1975444A CN1975444A CN 200510115090 CN200510115090A CN1975444A CN 1975444 A CN1975444 A CN 1975444A CN 200510115090 CN200510115090 CN 200510115090 CN 200510115090 A CN200510115090 A CN 200510115090A CN 1975444 A CN1975444 A CN 1975444A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an online monitoring method and system for the accumulator inherent resistance and deteriorates state which includes the motivation unit and the detecting unit. It sets the subsection point in the accumulator point; the motivation unit is connected with the positive/negative electrode of the accumulator bus and the subsection point of the battery group. The detection unit is connected with positive/negative electrode of every accumulator in accumulator group by the link. The mentoring method includes: the accumulator is divided into sections, the whole positive electrode and the negative electrode and every subsection point are connected to the motivation unit by the motivation signal line, every signal accumulator is connected with the detection unit; the signal generator in motivation unit and the constant resource give some frequency and constant rectangle wave or sine wave signal to the sectional accumulator. The diction unit detects the voltage response of the signal accumulator to the motivation signal and computes the inherent resistance of the accumulator to analysis the deteriorate state.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of battery testing method and system, the method and system that the standby power supply accumulator that relating in particular to connects in the power-supply systems such as a kind of UPS of being primarily aimed at (uninterrupted power source), electric power operation power supply, communication power supply uses carries out online internal resistance and deterioration state monitoring.
Background technology
Accumulator is the most widely used at present electrical power storage equipment, and it has realized the storage of electric energy playing crucial effects in numerous industry and civilian occasion by electric energy and chemical transformation of energy.What the standby battery system in the power-supply systems such as UPS, communication power supply, electric power operation power supply generally adopted is the mode that is connected in series.Directly influence the capacity status of standby battery group integral body in the state deterioration of some cell batteries of series connection in the battery pack, make actual standby time of battery pack, cause power system failure well below designing requirement.The state of series connection battery pack whole volume is actual to be that capacity by the most serious accumulator of a certain or several deterioration states in the system is determined.So, by the deterioration state of each cell batteries in the accurate measurement series connection battery pack, avoid because of some the cell deterioration in the series connection battery pack causes the battery pack fault, be to ensure the effective and efficient manner of one of battery pack steady operation.
But, in the middle of the use of reality, particularly in UPS, communication power supply, electric power operation power supply,, increased very big difficulty for the test of accumulator because battery system gets in touch with multiple systems existence such as charging set, loads.Particularly under the prerequisite of the duty that does not influence accumulator itself, it is unusual difficulty that the internal resistance of accumulator and deterioration state are accurately measured.
The most direct monitoring method of accumulator is to carry out discharge test, measures the actual capacity of battery, but such testing expense costliness, time-consuming, and the integrality of destruction stand-by power source, can not often adopt.General employing when online mode is measured at electric battery two ends access discharge resistance or feed-in exciting current, measure the electric current of cell circuit and the change in voltage of battery simultaneously and calculate internal resistance, owing to be subjected to the function influence in parallel of charger and load, the watt current that produces on battery variation amplitude reduces and is unstable.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem of above-mentioned existence, the invention provides under a kind of presence automatic internal resistance and deterioration state on-line monitoring system to the cell batteries in the battery pack.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is to realize like this, a kind of accumulator internal resistance and deterioration state on-line monitoring system, comprise exciting unit and detecting unit, waypoint wherein is set in battery pack battery pack is divided into two sections or multistage (the series connection number of elements that segments mostly is accumulator most subtracts 1), in electric battery just, negative terminal and waypoint place insert exciting unit, segmentation is measured the cell batteries in the battery pack, exciting unit provides pumping signal in order to produce specific waveforms and the constant exciting current of peak-peak value for measurement, exciting unit links to each other with the both positive and negative polarity at the accumulator bus two ends that will detect and the waypoint of electric battery respectively, detecting unit is used to follow the inspection accumulator by because of flowing through the voltage increment that exciting current produces, and is connected by the both positive and negative polarity of each monomer in line and the battery pack;
Exciting unit is made up of signal generator and constant current source, and signal generator sends sine wave certain frequency, constant current or square-wave signal is passed to constant current source, passes through the waypoint of constant current source injecting accumulator then;
The quantity of signal generator and constant current source in the exciting unit is selected according to the segments of selected battery pack, and its concrete parameter is then according to the capacity of test accumulator with connect that quantity is different decides.The quantity of signal generator and constant current source can be from two to a plurality of.
Can adopt serial or parallel connection to connect between a plurality of signal generators in the exciting unit and the constant current source.
Each section that accumulator was divided into, can each section each with one group of signal generator and constant current source, can each section with many group signal generators and constant current sources, all right shared one group of signal generator of multistage and constant current source.
Detecting unit comprises gating circuit, band-pass circuit, A/D change-over circuit and CPU, wherein, gating circuit be responsible for to detecting unit by with each monomer fax line, the simulating signal of required test is connected in circulation, to guarantee a having only simulating signal to enter analog signal bus by gating circuit in the same time; After the frequency-selecting of simulating signal process gating circuit, carry out again the signal of analog signal bus input is handled and exported by signal bus; Enter the A/D circuit by the simulating signal after handling and carry out analog to digital conversion; Analyze monitoring by CPU then.
Be in different duties according to the battery pack system and adopt the source of multiple mode, comprise for device provides the part of electric current: extrinsic motivated current source, battery pack and charging equipment etc. as current test signal.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of accumulator internal resistance and degradation state on-line monitoring method, and this method comprises following step:
1, at first, the battery pack that series connection is used is carried out segmentation.Battery pack is carried out segmentation (can be divided into two sections to multistage to battery pack according to actual needs) by sequence number, and waypoint can be in any position of halving of battery pack;
2, total positive pole of battery pack, total negative pole and each waypoint are connected with exciting unit by the pumping signal line, and every accumulator is connected with detecting unit by sample line;
3, signal generator and the constant current source by being connected with battery pack in the exciting unit injects square wave certain frequency, constant current or sine wave signal to the accumulator in a certain segmentation;
4, utilize detecting unit to test in the corresponding paragraph of the voltage responsive of every accumulator for pumping signal.And calculate the internal resistance of accumulator, the deterioration state that analyzes accumulator in conjunction with the historical data and the initial discharge curve generalization of accumulator by algorithm.
After the installation of described step 2 system, also comprise following operating process:
1, after system's installation, at first system is carried out initialization operation.The fundamental purpose of initialization operation is to finish the test of battery initial parameter and the setting of systematic parameter.
2, in to the accumulator property checked discharge process, follow the operational factor of inspection record accumulator and the capacity of real-time accumulator.By initialization, original voltage-volume change of cell batteries and the funtcional relationship between internal resistance-volume change in the battery pack that can obtain connecting; And with this foundation as on-line analysis cell batteries deterioration state and capacity status variation.In addition, when routine is to the battery pack property checked discharge test at every turn, can also carry out the initiation parameter setting to system simultaneously, with the cell initialization data storehouse of update system.
3, in the overall process of accumulator operation, cell batteries is carried out real-time monitoring and parameter measurement.Concrete test mode is: measure in real time for parameters such as the voltage of cell batteries, electric current, temperature, the record exemplary value is also reported to the police to exceeding normal part.Test and record the internal resistance of accumulator every day.
4, startup is carried out deterioration state and capacity status analysis to the deterioration state and the volumetry program of accumulator to every battery cell.At first call the internal resistance of single cell data of periodic logging in service, operational factor numeric ratios such as the battery tension of the real-time monitoring record of basis, electric current, temperature, on-line operation time carry out computing to original battery tension-capacity curve and internal resistance capacity curve simultaneously.Simultaneously according to the floating charge time of accumulator, all fill parameters such as time, floating current, float charge voltage and be weighted processing, determine real-time cell batteries voltage-capacity curve and the correction factor in the internal resistance capacity curve.At last according to calculating and revised cell batteries voltage-capacity curve and internal resistance capacity curve, and interior internal drag curve of the accumulator cycle of operation, determine the real time capacity state of accumulator.
Real-time monitoring and on-line analysis for the deterioration state of cell batteries can be finished by the internal resistance mutation analysis for accumulator.Test macro can be started by manual intervention, also can start when finding that accumulator internal resistance is unusual.When not starting the deterioration state test macro, can change whether there is deterioration when judging cell batteries easily according to the accumulator internal resistance of system's record every day.
The selection of waypoint according to equipartition principle, is carried out the five equilibrium segmentation to battery pack in the preferred step 1.
Test required electric current can by in the external measuring process by the electric current of constant current source, according to the running status difference of battery pack, can provide by battery pack self, charging set and external equipment such as current source.
Principle of work: by measuring the voltage increment that accumulator produces because of " pouring into " exciting current, obtain the internal resistance numerical value of accumulator, and by variation tendency based on internal resistance, judge the deterioration state of accumulator in conjunction with accumulator other parameters in operational process, thereby analyze the capacity status of battery pack.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, accumulator work on hand state is not being carried out under the condition of any change, the interference of eliminating charging equipment that accumulator connected and load equipment realizes the accurate measurement to the every index of accumulator.
2, in test process, do not need the standing state of accumulator is changed, can under the situation of accumulator not being carried out the off-line discharge operation, accurately measure the internal resistance and the deterioration state of accumulator.
3, for being in the charged state accumulator of (comprise floating charge state and all fill state), utilize the art of this patent, do not need that charging equipment is done any adjustment and can realize the internal resistance of accumulator and the detection of deterioration state.For the accumulator of discharge condition, any load state that does not also need to change accumulator can be realized the internal resistance of accumulator and the detection of deterioration state, and measurement is not influenced by any of accumulator load state variation.
4, because battery pack has been carried out the metering system that multistage is divided.Make the configuration of test macro more flexible, can optimal selection at the segmented mode and the current constant mode of different types of battery system, effectively restrain the power frequency and the higher hamonic wave that are superimposed upon in the battery system and disturb.Guaranteed the accuracy of measuring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an one-piece construction synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the detecting unit structural representation;
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the invention binary signal generator and constant current source cascaded structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is a pumping signal loop synoptic diagram when adding external excitation in the measuring process;
Fig. 5 provides exciting current pumping signal loop synoptic diagram constantly for charging equipment in the measuring process;
Fig. 6 tests main flow chart for the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the initialization operation process flow diagram of monitoring system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one: as shown in Figure 1, accumulator internal resistance and deterioration state on-line monitoring system, comprise exciting unit and detecting unit, exciting unit is made up of two groups of signal generators and constant current source, and signal generator sends sine wave certain frequency, constant current or square-wave signal is passed to constant current source; A wherein is set in battery pack, B, three waypoints of C are divided into four sections with battery pack, at waypoint A, the B place inserts signal generator 1 and constant current source 1, at waypoint B, the C place inserts signal generator 2 and constant current source 2, segmentation is measured the cell batteries in the battery pack respectively, total positive pole of accumulator and total negative pole insert exciting unit, exciting unit provides pumping signal in order to produce specific waveforms and the constant exciting current of peak-peak value for measurement, detecting unit is used to follow the inspection accumulator by because of flowing through the voltage increment that exciting current produces, and is connected by the both positive and negative polarity of each monomer in line and the battery pack.
Adopt block form to connect between a plurality of signal generators in the exciting unit and the constant current source.
As shown in Figure 2, detecting unit comprises gating circuit, analog sampling circuit, A/D change-over circuit and CPU, wherein, gating circuit is responsible for gating is carried out in the simulating signal input of the needs test that detecting unit connected, and the same time has only a kind of simulating signal to enter analog signal bus by gating circuit; Simulating signal carries out entering the analog sampling circuit by analog signal bus behind the gating through gating circuit; Enter the A/D circuit by the simulating signal after the analog sampling processing of circuit by analog signal bus and carry out analog to digital conversion; Analyze monitoring by CPU then.
Embodiment two: accumulator internal resistance as shown in Figure 3 and deterioration state on-line monitoring system, comprise exciting unit and detecting unit, exciting unit comprises many group signal generators and constant current sources, adopts mode in parallel to connect between them, and battery pack is divided into two or multistage; Fig. 3 is for dividing two sections, and each segmentation is with two signal generators and constant current source, respectively from exciting unit draw two lines and the battery pack this section just, mid point is connected with negative terminal.
Pumping signal loop synoptic diagram when adding external excitation in the measuring process as shown in Figure 4; According to the size of the needed pumping signal electric current of test with test the different of amount of monomer in the accumulator, can select current return, camber line shown in the figure is the signal circuit when accumulator is tested in the relative paragraph, the signal circuit of JL section is shown in L1-upper arm a among Fig. 4 and L1-underarm a, the signal circuit of MO section is shown in L1-upper arm b among Fig. 4 and L1-underarm b, and the signal circuit of PQ section is shown in L1-upper arm n among Fig. 4 and L1-underarm b.ST segment signal loop L2-a, UW segment signal loop is L2-b, XY segment signal loop is L2-n.
The source of the marking current that exciting unit is required is provided by extrinsic motivated current source, battery pack or charging equipment, and Fig. 5 provides that charging equipment provides exciting current pumping signal loop synoptic diagram constantly in the measuring process.
Process flow diagram as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, a kind of accumulator internal resistance and degradation state on-line monitoring method, this method comprises following step:
1, at first, the battery pack of using connecting is carried out the five equilibrium segmentation according to equipartition principle.
2, total positive pole of battery pack, total negative pole and waypoint are connected with exciting unit by the pumping signal line.The positive pole of every cell in the accumulator is connected with detecting unit by sample line respectively with negative pole;
3, after system's installation, at first system is carried out initialization operation.The fundamental purpose of initialization operation is to finish the test of battery initial parameter and the setting of systematic parameter.
4, in to the accumulator property checked discharge process, follow the operational factor of inspection record accumulator and the capacity of real-time accumulator.By initialization, original voltage-volume change of cell batteries and the funtcional relationship between internal resistance-volume change in the battery pack that can obtain connecting; And with this foundation as on-line analysis cell batteries deterioration state and capacity status variation.In addition, when routine is to the battery pack property checked discharge test at every turn, can also carry out the initiation parameter setting to system simultaneously, with the cell initialization data storehouse of update system.
5, in the overall process of accumulator operation, cell batteries is carried out real-time monitoring and parameter measurement.Concrete test mode is: measure in real time for parameters such as the voltage of cell batteries, electric current, temperature, the record exemplary value is also reported to the police to exceeding normal part, and test and record the internal resistance of accumulator every day.
6, startup is carried out deterioration state and capacity status analysis to the deterioration state and the volumetry program of accumulator to every battery cell.At first call the internal resistance of single cell data of periodic logging in service, operational factor numeric ratios such as the battery tension of the real-time monitoring record of basis, electric current, temperature, on-line operation time carry out computing to original battery tension-capacity curve and internal resistance capacity curve simultaneously.Simultaneously according to the floating charge time of accumulator, all fill parameters such as time, floating current, float charge voltage and be weighted processing, determine real-time cell batteries voltage-capacity curve and the correction factor in the internal resistance capacity curve.At last according to calculating and revised cell batteries voltage-capacity curve and internal resistance capacity curve, and interior internal drag curve of the accumulator cycle of operation, determine the real time capacity state of accumulator.
7, signal generator and the constant current source by being connected with battery pack in the exciting unit injects square wave certain frequency, constant current or sine wave signal to the accumulator in a certain segmentation;
8, utilize detecting unit to test in the corresponding paragraph of the voltage responsive of every accumulator for pumping signal.And calculate the internal resistance of accumulator, the deterioration state that analyzes accumulator in conjunction with the historical data and the initial discharge curve generalization of accumulator by algorithm.
Claims (7)
1, accumulator internal resistance and deterioration state on-line monitoring system, comprise exciting unit and detecting unit, it is characterized in that: waypoint is set in battery pack, the series connection number of elements of the no more than accumulator of waypoint, insert exciting unit at the waypoint place, exciting unit provides pumping signal in order to produce specific waveforms and the constant exciting current of peak-to-peak value for measurement, exciting unit links to each other with corresponding waypoint in the both positive and negative polarity at the battery pack bus two ends that will detect and the electric battery respectively, detecting unit links to each other by the both positive and negative polarity of each monomer in line and the battery pack, is used to follow the inspection accumulator by because of flowing through the voltage increment that exciting current produces;
Exciting unit is made up of constant current source and signal generator, and signal generator sends sine wave certain frequency, constant current or square-wave signal is passed to constant current source, passes through the waypoint of constant current source injecting accumulator then;
Detecting unit comprises gating circuit, band-pass circuit, A/D change-over circuit and CPU, wherein, gating circuit be responsible for to detecting unit by with each monomer fax line, the simulating signal of required test is connected in circulation, to guarantee a having only simulating signal to enter analog signal bus by gating circuit in the same time; After the frequency-selecting of simulating signal process gating circuit, carry out interface level again by signal bus and handle, the signal of analog signal bus input is handled and exported; Enter the A/D circuit by the simulating signal after handling and carry out analog to digital conversion; Analyze monitoring by CPU then.
2, accumulator internal resistance according to claim 1 and deterioration state on-line monitoring system is characterized in that, the quantity of signal generator and constant current source is a plurality of in the described exciting unit.
3, accumulator internal resistance according to claim 2 and deterioration state on-line monitoring system is characterized in that, adopt serial or parallel connection to connect between a plurality of signal generators in the described exciting unit and the constant current source.
According to claim 1,2 or 3 described accumulator internal resistances and deterioration state on-line monitoring system, it is characterized in that 4, the source of the marking current that described exciting unit is required is provided by extrinsic motivated current source, battery pack or charging equipment.
5, a kind of accumulator internal resistance and degradation state on-line monitoring method comprise following step:
1., at first, the battery pack that series connection is used is carried out segmentation, battery pack is carried out segmentation by sequence number, waypoint can be in any position of battery pack;
2., total positive pole of battery pack, total negative pole and each waypoint be connected with exciting unit by the pumping signal line, every accumulator is connected with detecting unit by sample line;
3., signal generator and constant current source by being connected with battery pack in the exciting unit, to injection square wave certain frequency, constant current of the accumulator in a certain segmentation or sine wave signal;
4., utilize detecting unit to test in the corresponding paragraph of the voltage responsive of every accumulator for pumping signal, and calculate the internal resistance of accumulator, the deterioration state that analyzes accumulator in conjunction with the historical data and the initial discharge curve generalization of accumulator by algorithm.
6, accumulator internal resistance according to claim 5 and degradation state on-line monitoring method is characterized in that, the selection of waypoint in the step 1 according to equipartition principle, is carried out the five equilibrium segmentation to battery pack.
7, according to claim 5 or 6 described accumulator internal resistance and degradation state on-line monitoring methods, it is characterized in that, 2. after system's installation, also comprise following operating process in described step:
1. system is carried out initialization operation, the fundamental purpose of initialization operation is to finish the test of battery initial parameter and the setting of systematic parameter; Voltage-volume change that the cell batteries in the battery pack of obtaining connecting is original and the funtcional relationship between internal resistance-volume change; And with this foundation as on-line analysis cell batteries deterioration state and capacity status variation;
2., to the discharge of the accumulator property checked, in the process of discharge, follow the operational factor of inspection record accumulator and the capacity of accumulator in real time;
3., startup is to the deterioration state and the volumetry program of accumulator, every battery cell is carried out deterioration state and capacity status analysis, at first call the internal resistance of single cell data of periodic logging in service, while is according to the battery tension of real-time monitoring record, electric current, temperature, operational factor numeric ratios such as on-line operation time carry out computing to original battery tension-capacity curve and internal resistance capacity curve, according to the floating charge time of accumulator, all fill the time, floating current, float charge voltage, parameters such as running temperature are weighted with naturalization and handle, determine real-time cell batteries voltage-capacity curve and the correction factor in the internal resistance capacity curve, at last according to calculating and revised cell batteries voltage-capacity curve and internal resistance capacity curve, and the internal drag curve in the accumulator cycle of operation, determine the real time capacity state of accumulator.
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