CN1248006C - UPS battery on-line monitoring method and device - Google Patents
UPS battery on-line monitoring method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The UPS battery on-line monitoring method and device includes the following steps: the two ends of the single battery are connected with a discharge resistor in parallel; measuring the discharge current of the single battery; detecting the terminal voltage of the single battery; changing the discharge resistance of the single battery, and detecting the voltage value of the end; and comparing the voltage value Ui of the single battery, the discharge current Ii of the single battery and the internal resistance ri with a standard battery value to evaluate the performance of the single battery. The online monitoring device is characterized in that an ammeter Q1 is installed in series on a battery pack, two ends of a single battery are connected with a voltmeter V in parallel through a switch J, one end of the voltmeter V is connected with a resistor R1 and a relay contact CJ02 through a relay contact CJ01 and an ammeter Q2, the other end of the relay contact CJ02 is connected with a resistor R2, and the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected with the other end of the voltmeter V. The invention can accurately find batteries with insufficient capacity in time by adopting an online real-time monitoring mode, ensures that the UPS provides enough backup time, and does not influence the normal work of the UPS during the circulating monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the battery cell and the integral body of UPS battery group are carried out on-line monitoring, thereby the battery or the out of order battery technology of discovery off-capacity are UPS battery on-line monitoring method and device thereof.
Technical background
As everyone knows, producing in important enterprises such as petrochemical industry, communication and traffic is a continuous process, the electric system rolling is electric in order to overcome, power failure in short-term causes this continuous production run to be broken, important load is powered by UPS, because UPS has battery, store certain energy, certain preparation time can be provided.UPS battery is detected, guarantee that battery storage has enough energy to become a key issue.
It is to judging battery capacity after each measuring battery charging and discharging curve, electrolyte density, the temperature that traditional accumulator detects, and this method power consumption is big, and Measuring Time is long.This class has the multiple battery detecting instrument both at home and abroad now, as external product " the 3551 type cell tester " of Japanese HIOKI, the products such as " CTM-300 accumulator conductivity meters " of U.S. MICROCELLTRON company are arranged, they only are to lead the quality of judging battery by internal resistance that detects battery or electricity, simultaneously they are by manual measurement to the detection of battery, do not possess real-time and in linearity.Show the domestic online battery testing system of having developed, as: the product of Beijing Zener company, the grand company of Shanghai space.They finish the detection of battery often by the voltage detecting method, and independent voltage detecting method can't solve a series of problems such as accumulative total electric charge of fail battery as capacitance characteristic at all.Chinese patent 9623325.3 discloses a kind of instrument that adopts accumulator conductance for alternating current value to judge battery performance, it utilizes and exchanges constant current detection signal source module, the conducting and the shutoff of control Direct/Reverse thyristor, accumulator is implemented forward and reverse detection electric current, measurement discharges and recharges electric conductivity value, judge the state of battery again according to electric conductivity value, this method can impact the duty of UPS when measuring, and can not realize uninterrupted online detection.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks in the operate as normal that does not influence UPS, do not change the UPS internal circuit, do not open cell switch, do not change under the situation of UPS battery series connection major loop the online monitoring of finishing the UPS battery monomer.
The invention provides following method,
At each cell two ends parallel discharge resistance (R of UPS battery group
1), at UPS battery group serial connection reometer (A
1), be connected in series reometer (A on every batteries
2);
At parallel discharge resistance (R
1) make the discharge current Ii and the terminal voltage value Ui of cell discharge online detection cell after 150 seconds under the state; By reometer (A
1) online detection electric battery floating current I
1, by being connected in series reometer (A on every batteries
2) online detection discharge current I
3, the discharge current Ii=I of calculating cell
3-I
1
(R in parallel
2), change cell two ends connection discharge resistance resistance, detect terminal voltage value Ui ', discharge current Ii ' under the cell discharge condition after making cell continue to discharge 40 seconds more again, calculate the internal resistance ri of discharge battery, ri=(Ui '-Ui)/(Ii-Ii ');
Discharge current Ii, internal resistance ri and the battery standard value of monomer battery voltage value Ui, cell are compared, detect each cell performance of UPS;
Described parallel discharge resistance (R
1) resistance is 2.07 Ω; Discharge resistance (R
2) be 0.97 Ω.
The present invention also provides following method:
The discharge current Ii that magnitude of voltage Ui is lower than standard value, cell is lower than standard value, internal resistance ri and determines when being higher than standard value that battery is defective.
The UPS cell is detected employing real time computer control, calculating and comparison.
Cell is detected employing real time computer control, calculating and comparison.
Calculate the retained storage capacity of battery simultaneously by monomer battery voltage value Ui.
UPS battery on-Line Monitor Device technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The UPS battery on-Line Monitor Device is made of reometer, voltage table, relay, resistance, at UPS battery group polyphone reometer A1 is installed, in parallel by a switch J respectively at the single battery two ends with voltage table V, voltage table V one end is connected with relay contact CJ02 with resistance R 1 by relay contact CJ01, reometer A2, the other end of relay contact CJ02 is connected with resistance R 2, resistance R 1, resistance R 2 are connected with the voltage table V other end, and the device of forming by relay J 01 and J02 at voltage table V of falling the utmost point is connected with the switch on every batteries.
UPS battery on-Line Monitor Device of the present invention can also be used following technical scheme:
Programmable controller is installed in circuit, the programmable controller input end connects reometer and voltage table acquired signal, can connect relay at the programmable controller output terminal, the closure of CJ01, CJ02 and relay J 01 and J02 is touched at control single battery two ends respectively by switch J, a relay.
Reometer and voltage table are substituted by Hall element when in circuit programmable controller being installed.
The present invention does not influence the operate as normal of UPS when UPS battery is carried out circulatory monitoring, and when the AC power of UPS has a power failure, and the UPS battery group puts into operation (having kept the characteristic that UPS does not have switching time) at once.Solved in the past when detecting the UPS battery quality, must open the UPS battery switch, even pull down battery and measure, made UPS when AC outage, lose the electric battery back-up source.
The present invention carries out the on-line real time monitoring mode, and the battery of discovery off-capacity that always can be has promptly and accurately guaranteed that UPS can provide enough preparation times.
The present invention can in time find the individual cell of off-capacity or damage, sends alerting signal, guarantees in time to change and safeguard UPS battery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a UPS single battery equivalent circuit diagram;
Fig. 2 is a UPS single battery discharge circuit analysis chart;
Fig. 3 is the internal resistance analysis chart under the UPS single battery discharge circuit R1 load;
Fig. 4 is the internal resistance analysis chart under the UPS single battery discharge circuit R2 load;
Fig. 5 is a UPS battery on-Line Monitor Device main circuit structure synoptic diagram;
Fig. 6 is a UPS battery on-Line Monitor Device programmable controller controls synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
The quality of accumulator is electrical signal such as to lead by voltage, electric current, internal resistance, electricity to show, the present invention has solved accumulative total electric charge, multi-source system that the voltage detecting method can't resolve problem such as can't calculate, detection to accumulator should be by the collection of electric signal such as voltage, electric current, internal resistance, electricity are led, its inherent law is analyzed, thus the quality of judgement accumulator.
Electric battery of the present invention is under floating charge state, utilize constant load that every batteries is taken turns to discharge in short-term, gather electric current, magnitude of voltage and use programmable control to calculate discharge current, the internal resistance of cell, the online terminal voltage of battery cell, battery retained storage capacity, battery activity degree, judge the battery quality.
The inventive method step is:
1) in each cell two ends parallel discharge resistance R of UPS battery group;
2) the discharge current Ii of online detection computations cell, Ii=I
3-I
1, I
1Be UPS battery group floating current, I
3Be the discharge loop electric current;
3) the terminal voltage value Ui under the online detection cell discharge condition;
4) value of change cell two ends parallel discharge resistance R detects terminal voltage value Ui ', discharge current Ii ' under the cell discharge condition, calculates the internal resistance ri of discharge battery, ri=(Ui '-Ui)/(Ii-Ii ');
5) discharge current Ii, internal resistance ri and the battery standard value with monomer battery voltage value Ui, cell compares, and detects each cell performance of UPS.
The method that the present invention also provides is as follows:
The discharge current Ii that magnitude of voltage Ui is lower than standard value, cell is lower than standard value, internal resistance ri and determines when being higher than standard value that battery is defective.
The UPS cell is detected employing real time computer control, calculating and comparison.
Cell is detected employing real time computer control, calculating and comparison.
Can calculate simultaneously the retained storage capacity of battery by monomer battery voltage value Ui.The present invention is the equivalent electrical circuit (Fig. 1) according to electric battery, sets up the equivalent electrical circuit of battery single-unit discharge, thinks that in theory the float charger of electric battery is a desirable constant pressure source, and battery cell itself thinks to have the voltage source of certain internal resistance theoretically.Among the figure:
U
f: floating charge source voltage (the UPS rectifier is to the float charge voltage of electric battery);
U
t: the summation of the electromotive force of other multiple batteries;
R
t: the summation of other multiple batteries internal resistances;
Ui: the electromotive force of discharge battery;
Ri: the resistance of discharge battery;
R: the resistance of discharge load.
Research object of the present invention is the electric battery that the n batteries of UPS constitutes, so other multiple batteries refer to the n-1 joint here.
The present invention is exactly the I that calculates cell
i, U
i, r
iIt is carried out qualitative, quantitative analysis-by-synthesis, can calculate the retained storage capacity of battery simultaneously.
The calculating of battery cell discharge current value:
As can be seen from Figure 1 the electric current on the discharge load is made of three parts: 1. discharge battery discharge current that discharge load is formed; 2. other multiple batteries are to the discharge current of discharge load formation; 3. UPS floating charge source is to the discharge current of discharge load formation.The discharge current that the present invention mentions in analyzing must be the discharge current that discharge battery forms discharge load, and the influence of two other electric current must be eliminated.
The theoretical principle that the present invention eliminates two other electric current is, UPS floating charge source U among Fig. 1
f, other multiple batteries U
t, R
tCarry out equivalent process with Thevenin theorem, handle the back and represent, see Fig. 2 with Us and Rs.In circuit, place two current measurement devices (q), directly measure I
1, I
3Numerical value.According to Kirchhoff's current law (KCL) I as can be known
i=I
3-I
1, calculate I like this
iValue.I
iValue is exactly the discharge current value of battery cell.The single battery discharge can not cause being explained as follows that other multiple batteries overcharge.Fig. 2 utilizes Thevenin theorem to draw, among the figure:
U
s: the summation of the electromotive force of UPS floating charge source and other multiple batteries;
R
s: the summation of other multiple batteries internal resistances;
U
i: just at the electromotive force of detected battery (supposing it is the i batteries);
R
i: just in the internal resistance of detected battery;
R: as the resistance of discharge load.
Dividing invention in example is that example is derived with the electric battery of 32 joints.
Us=U
f-U
1-U
2-...-U
32(do not comprise U
i);
Rs=r
1+ r
2+ ... + r
32(do not comprise R
i);
Discharge battery can be any joint in 32 batteries, if first segment, second saves, formula need only be revised down the target numeral above the 32nd joint.Utilize the superposition theorem to list the mesh equation of Fig. 2:
(Rs+R)×I
1+R×I
i＝Us ①
(ri+R)×I
i+R×I
1＝U
i ②
Rs=31r ri=r Us=U
iTwo formulas can get above=u the substitution:
(31r+R)×I
i+R×I
2＝u ③
(r+R)×I
i+R×I
1＝u ④
Can get by finding the solution top system of equations:
I
1＝(r×u)/(31r
2+32r×R)
I
i＝(31r×u)/(31r
2+32r×R)
Calculate I
iWith I
1Ratio:
I
i/I
1＝31
More than explanation is under the discharge mode of Fig. 2, and the electric current on the discharge load is mainly from i joint discharge battery (I
iValue).During design circuit, make I
iApproximate 6A greatly, like this I
1The problem that overcharges of other battery can not appear in=0.19A.
The calculating of single battery internal resistance is got by Fig. 3 in the on-line monitoring,
By the discharge load R among Fig. 2 is switched to R1, just obtained Fig. 3
By the discharge load R among Fig. 2 is switched to R2, just obtained Fig. 4
Can draw I by Fig. 3
iThe discharge loop equation:
U2=I
i* r+U
CD1. I
i, U
CDBe known number
Can draw I2/ discharge loop equation by Fig. 4:
U2=I
i' * r+U
CD' 2. I
i', U
CD' be known number
1. equation deducts equation and 2. also calculates and can get:
r＝(U
CD′-U
CD)/(I
i-I
i′)
Terminal voltage value under the battery cell discharge condition can directly go out with the voltage element testing.
The retained storage capacity of battery calculates and judges, be according to use battery concrete model, the relevant performance supplemental characteristic that former factory is provided, by using and to the actual measurement value of battery, parametric synthesis such as the internal resistance under the various states of the relevant battery of expression, electric current, voltage are arranged, just can comprehensively judge, draw the conclusion of tested battery quality by artificial comparison.Also can use machine calculate and with above data by and calibration curve compile and to be program, in the input programmable logic controller, make man-machine interface, access various data monitorings at any time or send various alerting signals simultaneously by the machine automatic contrast of calculating.
Relatively the time, the measurement of voltage is to utilize by your element of voltage detecting of battery cell to measure, Ui and low-voltage standard value U compare, when Ui＞U battery better, when Ui＜U battery relatively poor, Ui and high voltage standard value Ug compare simultaneously, when Ui＞Ug battery relatively poor, when Ui＜Ug battery better, determining of standard value Ui, Ug is the specifications and models according to battery, the product standard of battery, the each side condition enactments such as field requirement of battery applications, battery U as Japanese YUASA NP65-12 can be decided to be 10.8V, and Ug is decided to be 15V.
The measurement of electric current is to utilize by place two current measurement devices in circuit, directly measures the numerical value of I1, I3.According to Kirchhoff's current law (KCL) I2=I3-I1 as can be known, calculate the I2 value like this.The I2 value is exactly the discharge current value of battery cell.I2 value and standard value I value compare when I2＞I value battery qualified, when I2＜I value shows that battery has fault.The determining of I value decides according to battery discharge voltage and discharge resistance.
Internal resistance value and standard value rb compare, and as r＞rb, battery behavior is relatively poor, and as r＜rb, battery behavior is better.The Rb value is that the specifications and models according to battery, the product standard of battery, the each side conditions such as field requirement of battery applications are determined, can be decided to be 150m Ω for the battery rb of Japanese YUASA NP65-12.
The calculating of battery retained storage capacity can be with reference to the method for " assessment of VRLA (analysing valve control type lead-acid accumulator battery) situation " (Intelec meeting paper) proposition.Be under the discharge condition, battery terminal voltage U
ZWith retained storage capacity C
BRelation, promptly battery is applied an electric current and discharges, write down the magnitude of voltage of its special time, good corresponding relation is arranged between the two, measure magnitude of voltage and just known existing capability value.The essence of this detection is to measure the increase value of the polarization resistance of battery, and therefore can not take place dead battery is detected is that good erroneous judgement is broken, and detecting reliability is very high.Battery terminal voltage U for Japanese YUASA NP65-12 battery
ZWith retained storage capacity C
BRelation, can determine corresponding curve by experiment, different battery size curve differences.Less than 50%, the characteristic of battery is relatively poor at the retained storage capacity of important place UPS battery.
When voltage, electric current, internal resistance, when three above parameter decision battery behaviors of retained storage capacity are relatively poor, can judge that this battery is defective.The example that is measured as with the internal resistance of cell, with 2.07 Ω and two groups of loads of 0.97 Ω Japanese YUASA NP65-12 battery is carried out the discharge test internal resistance, at first discharged 180 seconds with the single battery of 2.07 Ω resistance to the UPS on-line operation, read each parametric data of battery at 150 seconds, discharged 60 seconds with the single battery of 0.97 Ω resistance after 180 seconds to the UPS on-line operation, in the time of 40 seconds, read each parametric data of battery. data such as following table, can calculate internal resistance r=57m Ω according to computing formula: r=(UCD '-UCD)/(I2-I2 '), judge that this internal resistance of cell is better.
| U1 (V) (battery total voltage) | I1 (A) (main circuit current) | UCD (V) (battery cell voltage) | I2 (A) (discharge load electric current) | |
| R1(2.07Ω) | 432 | 0.025 | 11.9 | 5.7 |
| R2(0.97Ω) | 432 | 0.025 | 11.41 | 11.8 |
UPS battery on-Line Monitor Device of the present invention is made of reometer, voltage table, relay, resistance, at UPS battery group polyphone reometer A1 is installed, in parallel by a switch J respectively at the single battery two ends with voltage table V, voltage table V one end is connected with relay contact CJ02 with resistance R 1 by relay contact CJ01, reometer A2, the other end of relay contact CJ02 is connected with resistance R 2, resistance R 1, resistance R 2 are connected with the voltage table V other end, and the device of forming by relay J 01 and J02 at voltage table V of falling the utmost point is connected with the switch on every batteries.
Programmable controller is installed in circuit, the programmable controller input end connects reometer and voltage table acquired signal, can connect relay at the programmable controller output terminal, the closure of CJ01, CJ02 and relay J 01 and J02 is touched at control single battery two ends respectively by switch J, a relay.
Reometer and voltage table are substituted by Hall element when in circuit programmable controller being installed.
The embodiment of the invention provides the UPS of 32 batteries, E
1-32Represent 32 batteries, J
1-33Be 33 battery selective relay contacts (switch), J
01,02Be the relay contact of falling the utmost point, CJ
01,02Be discharge resistance selective relay, R
1, R
2Be discharge resistance, V, A are voltage, current detecting table.When the use machine was calculated control, programmable controller (PLC) program was sent instruction and is begun to detect relay contact J1, the J2 of the first segment battery that closes, the D.C. contactor CJ of the discharge load that closes
01, the first segment battery is detected, delay time after 150 seconds, PLC gathers the output signal numerical value of two reometers and a voltage V; Open second D.C. contactor CJ then
02, change discharge load, the PLC image data once more of delaying time after 40 seconds, the first segment battery detecting finishes, and PLC calculates various parameter values, deposits in the internal memory, and opens the relay contact J1 and the D.C. contactor T01 of first segment battery.Can detect second batteries according to same step, but J2, J3 are inverted polarity when conversion battery, need to use J01 and J02 polarity reversal.When finding off-capacity or fail battery is arranged, programmable controller (PLC) provides alerting signal, after 32 batteries detect and finish, waits second sense cycle and arrives.Can make the alerting signal can self-sustaining, wait the electric personnel of patrolling and examining and arrive and reset, the personnel of patrolling and examining can access the various data place of pinpointing the problems.Simultaneously, every 4 hours the battery cell float charge voltage is detected.
The present invention can be provided with the automatic polling period of battery and finish by the touch-screen type man-machine interface, can patrol and examine one time by arbitrary time span (setting arbitrarily in 1 day to 30 days), also can adopt artificial supervision to calculate.
Various electric quantity signals comprise electric current when using programmable controller (PLC), voltage, the internal resistance signal is the standard signal that electric weight is converted to 4-20MA by Hall element, these signals are sent into the analog quantity load module of programmable controller, programmable controller is converted to these analog quantitys the digital quantity of 16 systems, program by independent development is edited and is handled these digital quantities, signals collecting and various conversion of operation state are that programmable controller passes through various output modules and interface, control each executive component in the electric major loop, thereby reach the signals collecting of battery float state and discharge condition.Interchange between man-machine is to send into touch-screen by each digital quantity and various running status that programmable controller will be handled, and touch-screen is sent into programmable controller after operating personnel's various instructions are changed and handled.The present invention can use the CQM1H-CPU21 of programmable controller (PLC) as OMRON company, AD041 four-way analog quantity load module, OC222 relay output unit; The voltage Hall element is the LV25-P and the BLZ electric parameters transducer of LEM company; The current Hall element is the BLF20-S7 of LEM company.
Claims (7)
1. UPS battery on-line monitoring method is characterized in that adopting step to be:
At each cell two ends parallel discharge resistance (R of UPS battery group
1), at UPS battery group serial connection reometer (A
1), be connected in series reometer (A on every batteries
2);
At parallel discharge resistance (R
1) make the discharge current Ii and the terminal voltage value Ui of cell discharge online detection cell after 150 seconds under the state; By reometer (A
1) online detection electric battery floating current I
1, by being connected in series reometer (A on every batteries
2) online detection discharge current I
3, the discharge current Ii=I of calculating cell
3-I
1
(R in parallel
2), change cell two ends connection discharge resistance resistance, detect terminal voltage value Ui ', discharge current Ii ' under the cell discharge condition after making cell continue to discharge 40 seconds more again, calculate the internal resistance ri of discharge battery, ri=(Ui '-Ui)/(Ii-Ii ');
Discharge current Ii, internal resistance ri and the battery standard value of monomer battery voltage value Ui, cell are compared, detect each cell performance of UPS;
Described parallel discharge resistance (R
1) resistance is 2.07 Ω; Discharge resistance (R
2) be 0.97 Ω.
2. UPS battery on-line monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the discharge current Ii that is lower than standard value, cell at magnitude of voltage Ui is lower than standard value, internal resistance ri and determines when being higher than standard value that battery is defective.
3. UPS battery on-line monitoring method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: can detect the UPS cell and adopt real time computer control, calculating and comparison.
4. UPS battery on-line monitoring method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the retained storage capacity that calculates battery by monomer battery voltage value Ui simultaneously.
5.UPS battery on-Line Monitor Device, it is characterized in that by reometer, voltage table, relay, resistance constitutes, at UPS battery group polyphone reometer (A1) is installed, in parallel by a switch (J) respectively at the single battery two ends with voltage table (V), voltage table (V) end is by relay contact (CJ01), reometer (A2) is connected with relay contact (CJ02) with resistance (R1), the other end of relay contact (CJ02) is connected with resistance (R2), resistance (R1), resistance (R2) is connected with voltage table (V) other end, is connected with switch on every batteries by the device of falling the utmost point of relay (J01) and (J02) composition at voltage table (V).
6. UPS battery on-Line Monitor Device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: programmable controller is installed in circuit, the programmable controller input end connects reometer and voltage table acquired signal, can connect relay at the programmable controller output terminal, (CJ01), (CJ02) and relay (J01) and closure (J02) are touched by a switch (J), relay respectively in control single battery two ends.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described UPS battery on-Line Monitor Device, it is characterized in that: reometer and voltage table are substituted by Hall element when in circuit programmable controller being installed.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02117401 CN1248006C (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2002-04-19 | UPS battery on-line monitoring method and device |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02117401 CN1248006C (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2002-04-19 | UPS battery on-line monitoring method and device |
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| CN1248006C true CN1248006C (en) | 2006-03-29 |
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| CN107765183B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2021-03-12 | 上海源悦汽车电子股份有限公司 | Battery supervision system and working method thereof |
| CN108072839A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-25 | 北京铁路信号有限公司 | The test device of battery capacity in mode battery address device |
| CN108387846A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-10 | 国网山东省电力公司信息通信公司 | A kind of communications equipment room battery pack on-line monitoring equipment and monitoring method |
| CN110646740A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | 东莞新能德科技有限公司 | Monitoring method and monitoring device for battery pack |
| CN109638367A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-04-16 | 河钢股份有限公司承德分公司 | Electric discharge device |
| CN110058168A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-07-26 | 孙楼房 | More cell voltage real-time monitoring systems of one kind and its application method |
| CN111366866B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2023-09-01 | 珠海新金珠电力设备有限公司 | Monitoring device for measuring service life cycle of storage battery and calculating method |
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2002
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