CN111810219A - Automatic dust-settling and spraying control system for tunnel and control method thereof - Google Patents
Automatic dust-settling and spraying control system for tunnel and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111810219A CN111810219A CN202010763072.7A CN202010763072A CN111810219A CN 111810219 A CN111810219 A CN 111810219A CN 202010763072 A CN202010763072 A CN 202010763072A CN 111810219 A CN111810219 A CN 111810219A
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 206010035653 pneumoconiosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010000372 Accident at work Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010068956 Respiratory tract inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000017520 skin disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
- E21F5/04—Spraying barriers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic dust-settling and spraying control system for a tunnel and a control method thereof. The system consists of a dust sensor, a data processor, a control host, a cloud monitoring system and a water spraying device; through set up the dust monitor in the tunnel operation district to with signal transmission to control center and cloud monitored control system, preset at least two levels of different dust concentration early warning values, when monitoring place dust concentration reaches or surpasss the different rank alarm value of dust sensor settlement, the control is opened water jet equipment's solenoid valve and is sprayed water the dust fall to the workplace, through the different water spray velocity of flow that the different aperture of control solenoid valve and different rank early warning values correspond, reduce the dust of workplace. According to the invention, the damage is restrained in the sprouting stage by setting the multi-stage early warning threshold, and the process of transmitting the signal to the water valve switch is improved, so that the dust fall of different early warning thresholds corresponding to different flow rates and flow velocities is realized, the resource is saved, and the targeted dust fall is carried out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environment-friendly construction, relates to a spraying dust-settling control technology used in engineering construction, and particularly relates to an automatic dust-settling spraying control system for a tunnel and a control method thereof.
Background
The existence of dust has disastrous influence on the environment, and the harm is mainly reflected in three aspects: firstly, the environment is polluted and the human health is harmed. After long-term dust inhalation, mild patients can suffer from respiratory tract inflammation and skin diseases, and severe patients can suffer from pneumoconiosis; secondly, mechanical abrasion is accelerated, and the service life of the precision equipment is shortened. With the improvement of mechanization, electrification and automation degrees, the influence of dust on the performance and the service life of equipment is more and more prominent; and thirdly, the visibility of the working environment is reduced, and the occurrence of industrial accidents is increased. In the construction of tunnel engineering, because the construction processes of drilling, blasting, slag loading, concrete spraying, stratum excavation and the like all generate a large amount of dust, the air in a narrow space in a tunnel in the construction of the tunnel is very dirty, and the damage is very large. Therefore, an effective and timely dust removal system is urgently needed, harmful gas floating in the tunnel is rapidly removed and discharged from the tunnel, the dust removal system needs to have rapid perception and diversified targeted processing and countermeasure capabilities, and the tunnel dust removal system is the most effective mode at present.
In the prior tunnel dust removal, the system planning and design of a tunnel dust removal system are not made, a complete tunnel dust removal system is not formed, and the intelligent dust removal effect cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses an automatic dust-settling and spraying control system for a tunnel and a control method thereof according to the defects of the prior art. The invention aims to provide an intelligent dust-fall spraying control system for a tunnel and a control design method thereof, which solve the problems that a large amount of dust generated in the construction process of the tunnel and an underground cavern cannot be timely and pertinently pre-warned and treated, gas which is not beneficial to human health, pollutes the environment, accelerates machine tool abrasion, generates engineering accidents and affects the engineering progress and safety.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
automatic dust fall spraying control system in tunnel, its characterized in that: the system consists of a dust sensor, a data processor, a control host, a cloud monitoring system and a water spraying device;
the dust sensor is arranged in the tunnel operation area, is in signal connection with the data processor and is used for directly measuring the total dust concentration and displaying the measured data on site;
the data processor transmits data to the control host and can be connected with a cloud monitoring system of a PLC, a DCS or an industrial personal computer terminal;
the cloud monitoring system presets early warning values of dust concentrations of different levels, compares the signal value with the early warning value, and transmits a signal to the control host when the concentration signal value reaches or the early warning value;
the control host judges whether the field total dust concentration exceeds the dust concentration early warning values of different levels or not by comparing the input dust concentration with the early warning values determined by the cloud monitoring system, and if the field total dust concentration exceeds the early warning values, the control host triggers an acousto-optic alarm system and opens a corresponding electromagnetic valve;
the water spraying device is connected with a main water supply pipe; the water spraying device is arranged in the range of 50m near the tunnel face and fixed at the 2m high position of the excavated chamber, and water spraying holes are arranged on the steel pipe at intervals of 50 cm.
The dust sensor of the invention consists of a sampling head, a detection device, a singlechip system and an air extraction system.
The control method for controlling the dust fall by using the automatic dust fall spraying system comprises the following steps: through set up the dust monitor in the tunnel operation district, and with signal transmission to control center and cloud monitored control system, at least two levels of high-low different dust concentration early warning value of preset, when monitoring place dust concentration reaches or surpasss the different rank's of dust sensor settlement alarm value, water jet equipment's solenoid valve is opened in control carries out the water spray dust fall to the workplace, through the different water spray velocity of flow that the different aperture of control solenoid valve and different rank's early warning value correspond, reduce the dust of workplace, when the dust resumes normal condition, close the solenoid valve and stop the water spray dust fall.
The dust sensor is a light scattering dust measuring device and is used for directly measuring the total dust concentration and displaying measured data on site.
The data processor transmits the data to the control host and can be connected with a cloud monitoring system of a PLC, a DCS or an industrial personal computer terminal.
And the control host judges whether the field total dust concentration exceeds the dust concentration early warning values of different levels or not by comparing the input dust concentration with the early warning values determined by the cloud monitoring system, and if so, triggers the acousto-optic alarm system and opens the corresponding electromagnetic valve.
The dust sensor monitors and receives a dust concentration signal in real time and transmits the signal to the control center machine to realize the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve of the water spraying device.
The dust concentration early warning value is determined in the following two ways, namely, the dust concentration early warning values of different levels are set according to the standard; secondly, setting different levels of dust concentration early warning values according to the following calculation formula;
D＝lg-1[G-t0.105(n')SG-lg(k×h×t)]；
wherein: d: early warning value of dust concentration in mg/m3(ii) a G: the geometric mean of the respiratory dust values of the stage I pneumoconiosis is the result obtained by dividing the respiratory dust value of a patient with stage I pneumoconiosis by the working age of the patient; sG: log standard deviation of stage 1 pneumoconiosis respiratory dust values; t is t0.105(n'): according to the conventional example number (n), t is found on the t value table according to the degree of freedom (n-1)0.105(n') a one-sided value; t: the dust collection working age of a dust collection worker is 30 years or 35 years, the larger the average annual respiratory dust value is, the shorter the attack working age is, the smaller the average annual respiratory dust value is, and the longer the attack working age is; h: the labor respiration rate or the labor respiration rate index under the specified labor intensity is generally specified as light physical labor; k: the conversion coefficient per unit time should be matched with the k value used in calculation of the breath dust value. The above parameters can be obtained by manual, standard or on-site dust control requirements.
The dust removal and spray intelligent system comprises a dust sensor, a data processor, a control host, a cloud monitoring system, a water spraying device and the like, wherein the dust concentration sensor is arranged in a tunnel working area, a signal is transmitted to the control host through the data processor, the control host transmits the signal to the cloud monitoring system, early warning values of dust concentrations of different levels are preset in the cloud monitoring system in advance, the signal value is compared with the early warning values, when the concentration signal value reaches or reaches the early warning value, the signal is transmitted to the control host, the control host starts an acousto-optic alarm system and transmits signals with different intensities to an electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve controls the opening size of a water valve switch according to the strength of the signal after receiving the signal, so as to control the flow rate flowing into a main water supply pipe and the flow rate of a water sprinkling flower pipe and realize dust fall of different early warning levels corresponding to different flow rates and flow rates, when the dust sensor returns to the normal state, the device automatically stops sprinkling.
The system can effectively inhibit and reduce dust and harmful gas generated in the construction process of the tunnel and the underground cavern, improve the construction environment, reduce the wear rate of machines and tools, reduce engineering accidents, improve the engineering progress and strengthen the construction safety.
The invention restrains the harm in the sprouting stage by setting the multi-stage early warning threshold, and solves the problem of adverse effect on workers and machinery in the environment with dust concentration not higher than the traditional threshold for a long time. Through improving this process with signal transmission to water valve switch, realize that different early warning threshold values correspond different flow and velocity of flow and carry out the dust fall, resources are saved carries out the dust fall of pertinence.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following detailed description, which is intended to further illustrate the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, but is equivalent or analogous to the present invention without departing from its scope.
With reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the tunnel intelligent dust fall spraying system is composed of a dust sensor, a data processor, a control host, a cloud monitoring system and a water spraying device;
the dust sensor is arranged in the tunnel operation area, is in signal connection with the data processor and is used for directly measuring the total dust concentration and displaying the measured data on site; the dust sensor consists of a sampling head, a detection device, a single chip microcomputer system and an air pumping system.
The data processor transmits the data to the control host and can be connected with a cloud monitoring system of a PLC, a DCS or an industrial personal computer terminal;
the cloud monitoring system presets early warning values of dust concentrations of different levels, compares the signal value with the early warning values, and transmits the signal to the control host when the concentration signal value reaches or the early warning values;
the control host judges whether the field total dust concentration exceeds the dust concentration early warning values of different levels or not by comparing the input dust concentration with the early warning values determined by the cloud monitoring system, and if the field total dust concentration exceeds the early warning values, the control host triggers an acousto-optic alarm system and opens a corresponding electromagnetic valve;
the water spraying device is connected with the main water supply pipe; the water spraying device is arranged in the range of 50m near the tunnel face and fixed at the 2m high position of the excavated chamber, and water spraying holes are arranged on the steel pipe at intervals of 50 cm.
Dust fall spraying control system network topology receives gaseous concentration through dust sensor, carries out data processing through inside singlechip, transmits the main control system, and the main control system is with signal transmission to cloud monitored control system, triggers solenoid valve and audible-visual alarm system through setting for different grades of concentration early warning value control standard, if when reaching the early warning value of corresponding rank, then through the water valve that opens of the different signal intensity of solenoid valve, flows in the watering floral tube along the main delivery pipe who connects. Constantly perception dust concentration through dust sensor to transmit intelligent dust fall spraying system, when dust sensor resumes normal condition, the device automatic shutdown watering. Through dust sensor, data processor, the main control system, cloud monitored control system, audible and visual alarm system, the solenoid valve, the water main supply pipe and watering floral tube collaborative work carry out intelligent perception and intelligent control, guarantee in time descending dust in tunnel and the underground cavern work progress, avoid inhaling to cause harm to human health and fall to the ground mechanical influence machinery normal operation, provide personnel, machinery and construction safety for underground space excavation.
The dust removal and spray intelligent system mainly comprises a dust sensor, a data processor, a monitoring host, a cloud monitoring system, a water spraying device and the like.
The setting method of the tunnel intelligent dust-settling spraying system comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: according to the excavation construction progress of the underground cavern, a dust removal spraying system is arranged on an excavated working face, the spraying system directly measures the total dust concentration by adopting a light scattering principle, and the measured data is displayed on site.
Step two: the data processor outputs any one of 4-20MA, switching value, frequency and RS485 signals which are suitable for the safety monitoring system for processing by the monitoring system, and the data processor and the sensor are taken as an integral system and fixedly installed on a monitoring instrument of a working place. The sensor can be used in a network with a safety monitoring system and can also be used by being singly connected with a power supply. The sensor consists of a sampling head, a detection device, a single chip microcomputer system and an air pumping system.
Step three: and the data is transmitted to a control host, and the cloud monitoring system can be connected with terminals such as a PLC, a DCS or an industrial personal computer. The set alarm value can be 0-1000mg/m in the measurement range3Setting, referring to relevant specifications or theoretical formulas, and specifying early warning values of different levels by combining with actual engineering conditions, wherein the early warning values of different levels correspond to different flow rates of the sprinkler pipe. According to the regulations of TB10304-2009 railway tunnel engineering construction safety technology, the allowable concentration of dust in tunnel construction environment is that the dust containing less than 10% of free silica in each cubic meter of air is not more than 4mg, and then different levels of early warning values and the flow rates of corresponding sprinkler tubes in different levels are set according to different requirements of engineering.
Referring to a large number of statistical results, the allowable dust concentration can be controlled in different levels by modifying different parameters in the formula according to the following calculation formula.
D＝lg-1[G-t0.105(n')SG-lg(k×h×t)](A)
Wherein:
d: allowable dust concentration (mg/m)3)；
G: the geometric mean of the respiratory dust values of the stage I pneumoconiosis is the result obtained by dividing the respiratory dust value of a patient with stage I pneumoconiosis by the working age of the patient;
SG: log standard deviation of stage 1 pneumoconiosis respiratory dust values;
t0.105(n'): according to the conventional example number (n), t is found on the t value table according to the degree of freedom (n-1)0.105(n') a one-sided value;
t: the longest dust collecting working age (30 years or 35 years) of a dust collecting worker in a lifetime, the larger the annual average respiratory dust value is, the shorter the disease working age is, the smaller the annual average respiratory dust value is, and the longer the disease working age is;
h: the labor respiration rate or the labor respiration rate index under the specified labor intensity is generally specified as light physical labor;
k: the conversion coefficient per unit time should be matched with the k value used in calculation of the breath dust value.
The above parameters can be obtained by handbooks, standards or according to the requirements of on-site dust control, such as determining the allowable concentration value of dust by referring to "method for on-site investigation and study of allowable concentration of dust".
Step four: and judging whether the field total dust concentration exceeds the early warning values of different levels or not through inputting the dust concentration of the control host and the early warning value determined by the cloud monitoring system, and if so, triggering an audible and visual alarm system and an electromagnetic valve.
Step five: the solenoid valve opens the water valve through the controller, through the water valve that opens of the different signal intensity of solenoid valve, different signal intensity correspond different velocity of flow to will flow into the watering floral tube through the main water supply pipe of connection and carry out spray dust removal. The arrangement of the sprinkler pipes and the sprinkler holes is preferably determined according to the actual engineering. If the sprinkling flower pipes can be made of phi 25 galvanized steel pipes, the sprinkling flower pipes are arranged in the range of 50m near the tunnel face and fixed at the 2m high position of the side wall at the left side of the excavation chamber, and the steel pipes are provided with one phi 2mm sprinkling hole at intervals of 50cm and connected with a phi 108mm main water supply pipe in the excavation period through electromagnetic valves.
Step six: the total dust quantity signal is continuously received by the dust sensor and is transmitted to the control center. When the dust sensor returns to the normal state, the device automatically stops sprinkling.
Through the six steps, the tunnel intelligent dust settling system plays a role, dust overrun explosion is prevented, and safety of workers, machinery and engineering is prevented from being influenced.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an automatic dust fall spraying control system in tunnel which characterized in that: the system consists of a dust sensor, a data processor, a control host, a cloud monitoring system and a water spraying device;
the dust sensor is arranged in the tunnel operation area, is in signal connection with the data processor and is used for directly measuring the total dust concentration and displaying the measured data on site;
the data processor transmits data to the control host and can be connected with a cloud monitoring system of a PLC, a DCS or an industrial personal computer terminal;
the cloud monitoring system presets early warning values of dust concentrations of different levels, compares the signal value with the early warning value, and transmits a signal to the control host when the concentration signal value reaches or the early warning value;
the control host judges whether the field total dust concentration exceeds the dust concentration early warning values of different levels or not by comparing the input dust concentration with the early warning values determined by the cloud monitoring system, and if the field total dust concentration exceeds the early warning values, the control host triggers an acousto-optic alarm system and opens a corresponding electromagnetic valve;
the water spraying device is connected with a main water supply pipe; the water spraying device is arranged in the range of 50m near the tunnel face and fixed at the 2m high position of the excavated chamber, and water spraying holes are arranged on the steel pipe at intervals of 50 cm.
2. The automatic tunnel dust fall and spray control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dust sensor consists of a sampling head, a detection device, a single chip microcomputer system and an air pumping system.
3. The automatic dust fall and spray control method for the tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps: using the automatic dust fall spray system of claim 2; the control method comprises the following steps: through set up the dust monitor in the tunnel operation district, and with signal transmission to control center and cloud monitored control system, at least two levels of high-low different dust concentration early warning value of preset, when monitoring place dust concentration reaches or surpasss the different rank's of dust sensor settlement alarm value, water jet equipment's solenoid valve is opened in control carries out the water spray dust fall to the workplace, through the different water spray velocity of flow that the different aperture of control solenoid valve and different rank's early warning value correspond, reduce the dust of workplace, when the dust resumes normal condition, close the solenoid valve and stop the water spray dust fall.
4. The automatic tunnel dust fall spray control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the dust sensor is a light scattering dust measuring device and is used for directly measuring the total dust concentration and displaying measured data on site.
5. The automatic tunnel dust fall spray control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the data processor transmits the data to the control host and can be connected with a cloud monitoring system of a PLC, a DCS or an industrial personal computer terminal.
6. The automatic tunnel dust fall spray control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: and the control host judges whether the field total dust concentration exceeds the dust concentration early warning values of different levels or not by comparing the input dust concentration with the early warning values determined by the cloud monitoring system, and if so, triggers the acousto-optic alarm system and opens the corresponding electromagnetic valve.
7. The automatic tunnel dust fall spray control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the dust sensor monitors and receives a dust concentration signal in real time and transmits the signal to the control center machine to realize the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve of the water spraying device.
8. The automatic tunnel dust fall spray control method according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: the dust concentration early warning value is determined in the following two ways, namely, the dust concentration early warning values of different levels are set according to the standard; secondly, setting different levels of dust concentration early warning values according to the following calculation formula;
D＝lg-1[G-t0.105(n')SG-lg(k×h×t)]；
wherein: d is the early warning value of dust concentration in mg/m3(ii) a G is the geometric mean of the dust values of stage I pneumoconiosis breathing; sGIs the logarithm of the standard deviation of the dust values of stage 1 pneumoconiosis breathing; t is t0.105(n') is a table of values at t in accordance with the conventional number of instances n in terms of degree of freedom n-1Upward search to obtain t0.105(n') a one-sided value; t is the dust receiving working age of dust receiving workers; h is the labor respiration rate or labor respiration rate index under the specified labor intensity; k is a unit time conversion factor.
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| CN112855244A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 | Curtain type sprinkling dust-proof method and device |
| CN117406608A (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-01-16 | 中铁三局集团有限公司 | Tunnel dust removal control method and system |
| CN117868951A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-04-12 | 济南环陶环保工程有限公司 | Intelligent control method for continuous dust removal system |
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Application publication date: 20201023 |