CN114893195A - Hard rock geological shield tunneling, warehouse opening and tool changing construction process - Google Patents
Hard rock geological shield tunneling, warehouse opening and tool changing construction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114893195A CN114893195A CN202210767310.0A CN202210767310A CN114893195A CN 114893195 A CN114893195 A CN 114893195A CN 202210767310 A CN202210767310 A CN 202210767310A CN 114893195 A CN114893195 A CN 114893195A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hard rock geological shield tunneling, opening and tool changing construction process, which comprises an opening and tool changing construction process, wherein before tool changing is started, a cutter head is rotated to a corresponding position to change tools, after the tool changing is finished, the cutter head is rotated to a fixed position to sequentially change the rest tools, the tool changing requires that operating personnel must be trained and technically qualified personnel, must strictly operate according to operating procedures, the method comprises the steps of reasonably configuring a shield cutter head and a cutter according to the stratum, reasonably selecting a cutter changing position according to the stratum and the surrounding environment conditions, reducing the cutter changing risk, formulating a cutter changing operation standard flow, selecting a reasonable warehouse opening cutter changing construction method, safely and quickly changing the cutter, preferentially selecting a section where the shield cutter head is located in the full-section sandstone stratum and where disturbance influence on surface buildings (structures) and pipelines is small, and providing a cutter abrasion monitoring device for the shield cutter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roads, in particular to a hard rock geological shield tunneling, warehouse opening and tool changing construction process.
Background
The Xianhui road station-station front road station interval starts from a Xianhui road station small mileage end, is laid along the Jinzhai south road and the station front road, and finally is a No. 3 line station front road station large mileage end. The right line length of the interval is 1173.209m, the design starting point mileage is right 3YDK5+790.110, the design end point mileage is right 3YDK6+962.986, the long chain and the short chain are 0.333m, the left line length of the interval is 1198.693m, the design starting point mileage is left 3ZDK5+790.104, the design end point mileage is left 3ZDK6+962.986, the long chain and the short chain are 25.811m, and the minimum curve radius of the interval is 350m, and the shield construction is adopted. The external diameter of the interval tunnel is 6.2m, the buried depth is 10.945-23.625m, the line is in a V-shaped slope, the line spacing is 12.0-19.5m, the left line and the right line respectively descend to the lowest point in longitudinal slopes of 21.234 per thousand and 22 per thousand, and then ascend to the station front road station in longitudinal slopes of 6.8 per thousand, 7 per thousand, 11.083 per thousand and 11.746 per thousand.
The water content and water permeability of the bed rock are controlled by the structure, structure and crack development degree of the rock, and the water-rich degree and permeability of the rock are different due to the anisotropy of the rock and the development of local rock fragmentation and joint cracks. In the joints and crack development zones of rock mass, underground water is relatively enriched, and the water permeability is relatively good. The planned engineering area is mainly sandstone, the water-rich property and the water permeability are weak, the fracture water of the bedrock is totally poor, the underground water is not developed totally, the water quantity of the rock mass crushing area of the local strong weathering layer is possibly enriched, and meanwhile, the risks of water burst, tunnel face collapse, support collapse and the like can occur during tool changing, so that the personal safety, the construction period and the construction cost are directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a construction process for opening warehouse and exchanging tools for shield tunneling of hard rock geology comprises a construction process for opening warehouse and exchanging tools,
s1, the item department determines whether the cutter needs to be replaced according to the cutter inspection record and the image data, the cutter is replaced according to the standard, the hob needs to be replaced under the conditions that the cutter ring generates eccentric wear, oil leakage, the check ring is broken or falls off, the cutter ring falls off, cracks, looseness and displacement, when the hob is normally worn, the abrasion loss of the hob of the outermost 3 parts of the cutter head is more than 8mm, the abrasion loss of the hob of the other edges is more than 15mm, the abrasion loss of the hob of the front side is more than 20mm, and the abrasion loss of the central hob is more than 25 mm; the scraper/serrated knife alloy tooth is damaged and the wear-resistant layer is replaced when worn;
s2, before the tool changing is started, the cutter head is rotated to a corresponding position to carry out tool changing, after the tool changing is finished, the cutter head is rotated to a fixed position to carry out the remaining tool changing in sequence, and the tool changing requires that an operator is trained and technically qualified and must operate strictly according to operation rules;
s3, in the cutter transportation process and the process of transporting the old cutter out of the ground, the quality of a lifting appliance, a steel wire rope, a wood board and the like must be checked, the cutter can be put into use on the premise of ensuring the safety performance of the cutter, the cutter is protected from being collided in the cutter transportation process, cutter collision equipment is strictly forbidden, and the steel wire rope is forbidden to be bound on a piston rod of a propulsion oil cylinder and a piston rod of a hinged oil cylinder to be used as a lifting point;
s4, rotating the position of the cutter disc, where the cutter needs to be replaced, to an optimal cutter changing position, wherein the optimal cutter changing position is a left-right horizontal position, welding a lifting lug for lifting the cutter on a front body above the cutter replacing position, welding under the condition of keeping good ventilation, checking gas in a bin before welding, performing ventilation, mounting a support lug below the cutter replacing position of the cutter disc, mounting a cutter changing operation support wood plate, and cleaning the cutter and a cutter holder;
s5, hanging a cutter by using a hoist, loosening a bolt of the cutter by using a pneumatic wrench, then taking out the cutter, measuring the height of the cutter, manually finishing the tunnel working surface of a cutter changing position, ensuring that a sufficient cutter mounting space is reserved, performing mounting seat cleaning work before the cutter is mounted, conveying the cutter out through a man gate, then conveying the cutter to be replaced into the tunnel working surface, mounting and screwing the cutter to a designed torque value according to the reverse step of cutter dismounting, and in order to smoothly carry out the cutter mounting work, the dismounted bolt, a gasket, a nut, a pressing block and the like must be intensively placed in an iron sheet tool box;
s6, after the tool changing is finished, before the earth bin door is closed, the machine maintenance personnel check the implementation situation according to the requirement column of the tool changing table and confirm the implementation; and the tool changing responsible person checks the received tool changing tools to ensure that no tools and other sundries are left in the soil bin.
Preferably, 3 geological exploration holes are respectively arranged on the left, the middle and the right of the shutdown and opening position before the opening operation, the exploration hole position avoids the range of the interval and cannot penetrate through a water-proof layer, the ground is monitored by a measurer before the opening operation, an initial value is measured, the monitoring frequency is kept for 3 times/day in the opening and cutter checking processes, the abnormal condition is reported in time, the operator is arranged within the range of 20m above the ground of the cutter for 24 hours on duty observation before the opening operation, the condition is reported in time, and the safety of pedestrians and vehicles is ensured.
Preferably, after the bin door is opened, a gas detector carries a gas detection instrument and an explosion-proof flashlight, air at the top of the soil bin and near the left lower part and the right lower part of the human bin is detected, meanwhile, a professional engineer judges the stratum condition, after safety is confirmed, the gas detector can enter the soil bin to perform next detection, the comprehensive detection is finished, the stratum is judged to be stable, the air quality is qualified, and the air quality is rechecked and confirmed by a field responsible person.
Preferably, when the cutter is replaced in the warehouse opening inspection, in order to timely and accurately know the ground surface settlement condition, ground monitoring points need to be arranged at the warehouse opening mileage, when the ground settlement value is found to be abnormal, monitoring personnel timely report to a project department, the project department analyzes and makes corresponding adjustment and measures according to data, in actual monitoring, the monitoring value is used as an early warning value when reaching 50% of a control reference, when the monitoring value reaches 70% of the control reference, the safety warning range is entered, the area needs to be monitored in a key mode, and certain control measures are adopted.
Preferably, the rescuers have to wear a gas mask and enter the soil warehouse to rescue strictly 'all around', a strong rescuer should be sent to enter the warehouse, firstly, the safety belt is worn on the rescuers and is reliably connected with the safety rope on the safety belt through the rope, then the rescuers outside the warehouse pull out the poisoned staffs to the outside of the warehouse through the rope, the rescuers in the warehouse should keep the heads of the poisoned staffs upward and command the heads of the poisoned staffs as much as possible in the rope pulling process, and secondary damage caused by collision of the bodies, particularly the heads of the poisoned staffs with the warehouse is avoided.
Preferably, utilize the original people's storehouse pressurize system of shield structure machine to be the exhaust pipe, the shield structure owner built-in and follow-up platform truck all uses original pipeline, and the blast pipe export sets up in preset position, keeps away from lamps and lanterns and high tension cable joint, utilizes the foam system pipeline, through the foam hole on the blade disc, supplies air in to the soil storehouse, opens original pressurize system pipeline valve simultaneously, will extrude gas and arrange to predetermined area, and gas is through the dilution of the fresh air of pressing in the hole, along with the air discharge outside the hole in the hole.
Preferably, the muck is observed before opening the warehouse, the hydrogeological condition of the excavation surface of the current soil warehouse is analyzed according to the muck, whether the excavation surface has large access is determined according to a geological survey report, and after the excavation surface is determined to have good soil quality, the muck is gradually excavated to reduce the soil pressure, and the muck in the soil warehouse is emptied.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, a shield cutter head and a cutter are reasonably configured according to the stratum, a cutter changing position is reasonably selected according to the stratum and the surrounding environment conditions, the cutter changing risk is reduced, a standard cutter changing operation flow is formulated, a reasonable warehouse opening cutter changing method is selected, the cutter is safely and quickly replaced, the cutter changing position is preferably selected when the shield cutter head is located in a section with a weathered sandstone stratum and less disturbance influence on surface buildings (structures) and pipelines, and the shield cutter is provided with a cutter abrasion monitoring device;
assigning measuring personnel to monitor the tunnel segment 24 hours all day, and monitoring the parking position corresponding to the ground; reporting the abnormal condition immediately, reporting to an emergency rescue command department immediately if the ground on the upper surface of the tunnel is settled or even collapsed, after receiving the report, the emergency rescue command department informs members of the command department and professional rescue teams to rapidly arrive at the accident site, pulling a warning line and a fence at the accident site, assigning a special person site to watch if the ground is settled or cracked in the construction process, immediately evacuating ground personnel, immediately rescuing if the ground is settled or collapsed to cause casualties, calling for help to a nearby hospital, immediately organizing an emergency repair team, researching and formulating an emergency repair scheme, and backfilling the ground subsidence area by grouting and other modes for reinforcement and emergency repair; the construction (structure) is subjected to expert evaluation, and reinforcement treatment is immediately carried out when reinforcement is needed to continue construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a construction flow of opening a warehouse according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a tool changing process of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the emergency response procedure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a construction process for opening warehouse and exchanging tools for shield tunneling of hard rock geology comprises a construction process for opening warehouse and exchanging tools,
s1, the item department determines whether the cutter needs to be replaced according to the cutter inspection record and the image data, the cutter is replaced according to the standard, the hob needs to be replaced under the conditions that the cutter ring generates eccentric wear, oil leakage, the check ring is broken or falls off, the cutter ring falls off, cracks, looseness and displacement, when the hob is normally worn, the abrasion loss of the hob of the outermost 3 parts of the cutter head is more than 8mm, the abrasion loss of the hob of the other edges is more than 15mm, the abrasion loss of the hob of the front side is more than 20mm, and the abrasion loss of the central hob is more than 25 mm; the scraper/serrated knife alloy tooth is damaged and the wear-resistant layer is replaced when worn;
s2, before the tool changing is started, the cutter head is rotated to a corresponding position to carry out tool changing, after the tool changing is finished, the cutter head is rotated to a fixed position to carry out the remaining tool changing in sequence, and the tool changing requires that an operator is trained and technically qualified and must operate strictly according to operation rules;
s3, in the cutter transportation process and the process of transporting the old cutter out of the ground, the quality of a lifting appliance, a steel wire rope, a wood board and the like must be checked, the cutter can be put into use on the premise of ensuring the safety performance of the cutter, the cutter is protected from being collided in the cutter transportation process, cutter collision equipment is strictly forbidden, and the steel wire rope is forbidden to be bound on a piston rod of a propulsion oil cylinder and a piston rod of a hinged oil cylinder to be used as a lifting point;
s4, rotating the position of the cutter disc, where the cutter needs to be replaced, to an optimal cutter changing position, wherein the optimal cutter changing position is a left-right horizontal position, welding a lifting lug for lifting the cutter on a front body above the cutter replacing position, welding under the condition of keeping good ventilation, checking gas in a bin before welding, performing ventilation, mounting a support lug below the cutter replacing position of the cutter disc, mounting a cutter changing operation support wood plate, and cleaning the cutter and a cutter holder;
s5, hanging a cutter by using a hoist, loosening a bolt of the cutter by using a pneumatic wrench, then taking out the cutter, measuring the height of the cutter, manually finishing the tunnel working surface of a cutter changing position, ensuring that a sufficient cutter mounting space is reserved, performing mounting seat cleaning work before the cutter is mounted, conveying the cutter out through a man gate, then conveying the cutter to be replaced into the tunnel working surface, mounting and screwing the cutter to a designed torque value according to the reverse step of cutter dismounting, and in order to smoothly carry out the cutter mounting work, the dismounted bolt, a gasket, a nut, a pressing block and the like must be intensively placed in an iron sheet tool box;
s6, after the tool changing is finished, before the earth bin door is closed, the machine maintenance personnel check the implementation situation according to the requirement column of the tool changing table and confirm the implementation; and the tool changing responsible person checks the received tool changing tools to ensure that no tools and other sundries are left in the soil bin.
Before the warehouse opening operation, 3 geological exploration holes are respectively arranged on the left, the middle and the right of the shut-down warehouse opening position, the position avoiding range of the exploration holes cannot penetrate through a water-proof layer, the ground before the warehouse opening operation is monitored by a measuring person, an initial value is measured, the monitoring frequency is kept at 3 times/day in the warehouse opening and cutter checking process, the abnormal situation is reported in time, people are arranged in the range of 20m above the ground of a cutter for 24-hour on-duty observation before the warehouse opening maintenance operation, the situation is reported in time, the safety of pedestrians and vehicles is ensured, after a door is opened, the gas detecting person carries a gas detecting instrument and an explosion-proof flashlight, the air at the top of the soil warehouse and the left lower part and the right lower part near the soil warehouse is detected, meanwhile, a professional engineer judges the stratum condition, after the safety is confirmed, the people can enter the soil warehouse for next detection, the comprehensive detection is finished, the stratum stability is judged, and the air quality is qualified, the on-site responsible person rechecks and confirms that when the cutter is replaced in the warehouse opening inspection, in order to timely and accurately know the ground surface settlement condition, a ground monitoring point needs to be arranged at the warehouse opening mileage, when the ground settlement value is found to be abnormal, a monitoring person timely reports to a project department, the project department analyzes and makes corresponding adjustment and measures according to data, in actual monitoring, the monitoring value is taken as an early warning value when reaching 50% of a control reference, when the monitoring value reaches 70% of the control reference, the monitoring person enters a safety warning range, the area needs to be monitored in a key manner, certain control measures are adopted, and the operation content of the warehouse opening inspection and the cutter replacement comprises the following steps: preparing sufficient props, whether the cutter is damaged or not and the abrasion condition of the cutter; the integrity of the wear-resistant layer of the stirring rod; the abrasion condition of the abrasion-resistant layer of the cutter head; whether a tool mounting component such as a wedge, a mounting block, a bolt protective cap is loosened or damaged; replacing the worn tool; replacing a cutter suitable for the stratum according to the stratum to be tunneled by the shield tunneling machine, and checking whether a cutter head is bonded with a mud cake, whether a soil pressure sensor is blocked and the like;
the rescuers must wear a gas mask and enter the soil warehouse to rescue strictly 'all over', a strong rescuer should be sent to enter the warehouse, firstly the poisoning person wears a safety belt and is reliably connected with the safety rope on the safety belt by a rope, then the poisoning person is pulled out of the warehouse by the rescue personnel outside the warehouse by the rope, the rescuers in the warehouse should keep the head of the poisoning person upward and command as much as possible in the rope pulling process, the secondary injury caused by the collision of the body, particularly the head of the poisoning person and the warehouse is avoided, the original pressure maintaining system of the human warehouse of the shield tunneling machine is used as an exhaust pipeline, the original pipeline is used in the shield tunneling machine main machine and the follow-up trolley, the outlet of the exhaust pipeline is arranged at a preset position and is far away from a lamp and a high-voltage cable joint, the pipeline of the foam system is used for blowing air into the soil warehouse through a foam hole on a cutter head, and simultaneously a pipeline valve of the original pressure maintaining system is opened, the method comprises the steps of discharging the pressed gas to a preset area, diluting the gas by fresh air pressed into a hole, discharging the gas out of the hole along with the air in the hole, observing muck before opening the hole, analyzing the hydrogeological condition of the excavation surface of the current soil bin according to the muck, comparing with a geological survey report to see whether the gas comes in or goes out greatly, after determining that the soil quality of the excavation surface is good, gradually discharging the soil to reduce the soil pressure, emptying the muck in the soil bin, fully considering the applicable condition of normal-pressure tool changing through analyzing the interval geological condition, avoiding tool changing operation in the section with large water content of surrounding rock and requiring pressure operation as much as possible, and determining whether a cutter disc needs to be maintained, an abraded tool needs to be changed and mud cake removal operation needs to be carried out according to the tunneling condition. The selected tool changing work place has the following conditions.
(1) The tunnel surrounding rock of the tool changing section is uniform, good in mechanical property and strong in self-stability;
(2) the buried depth of the tunnel in the tool changing section is proper, and the covering layer is free of unfavorable rock stratum.
(3) Before the cutter changing operation, the parts of the shield machine are overhauled and maintained according to the operation condition of the shield machine, so that the normal operation of the shield machine is ensured. And when the cutter must be replaced and the operation must be carried out under the pressurized condition during the tunneling process of the shield tunneling machine, the operation is carried out according to the pressurized cutter replacing operation rule.
(4) The position of opening the warehouse is suitable for selecting the section with relatively stable stratum conditions, small groundwater quantity and open ground. The position of opening the warehouse and changing the tools should avoid important building, pipelines, crossing road sections with dense traffic and geological survey points as much as possible.
The method is characterized in that after all people in the bin leave the soil bin, the bin door must be immediately closed to prevent toxic gas from leaking into the shield tunneling machine to cause poisoning of other people, after the poisoning people rescue the soil bin, the poisoning people immediately carry out preliminary judgment on the toxic condition, and if the poisoning people have consciousness and the consciousness is clear, the poisoning people are simply treated and then sent to a hospital for observation; if the poisoning person is unconscious and even loses consciousness but still has heartbeat and breath, the mouth and the nose of the poisoning person are cleaned immediately, and then medical oxygen is inhaled and sent to a hospital for treatment; if the poisoned person has no breath and heartbeat, the poisoned person is immediately laid down and carries out artificial respiration to wait for the professional medical first-aid personnel to carry out rescue
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The hard rock geological shield tunneling, warehouse opening and tool changing construction process comprises a warehouse opening and tool changing construction process and is characterized in that:
s1, the item department determines whether the cutter needs to be replaced according to the cutter inspection record and the image data, the cutter is replaced according to the standard, the hob needs to be replaced under the conditions that the cutter ring generates eccentric wear, oil leakage, the check ring is broken or falls off, the cutter ring falls off, cracks, looseness and displacement, when the hob is normally worn, the abrasion loss of the hob of the outermost 3 parts of the cutter head is more than 8mm, the abrasion loss of the hob of the other edges is more than 15mm, the abrasion loss of the hob of the front side is more than 20mm, and the abrasion loss of the central hob is more than 25 mm; the scraper/serrated knife alloy tooth is damaged and the wear-resistant layer is replaced when worn;
s2, before the tool changing is started, the cutter head is rotated to a corresponding position to change the tools, after the tool changing is finished, the cutter head is rotated to a fixed position to change the rest tools in sequence, and the tool changing requires that the operating personnel must be trained and technically qualified personnel and must strictly operate according to the operating rules;
s3, in the cutter transportation process and the process of transporting the old cutter out of the ground, the quality of a lifting appliance, a steel wire rope, a wood board and the like must be checked, the cutter can be put into use on the premise of ensuring the safety performance of the cutter, the cutter is protected from being collided in the cutter transportation process, cutter collision equipment is strictly forbidden, and the steel wire rope is forbidden to be bound on a piston rod of a propulsion oil cylinder and a piston rod of a hinged oil cylinder to be used as a lifting point;
s4, rotating the position of the cutter disc, where the cutter needs to be replaced, to an optimal cutter changing position, wherein the optimal cutter changing position is a left-right horizontal position, welding a lifting lug for lifting the cutter on a front body above the cutter replacing position, welding under the condition of keeping good ventilation, checking gas in a bin before welding, performing ventilation, mounting a support lug below the cutter replacing position of the cutter disc, mounting a cutter changing operation support wood plate, and cleaning the cutter and a cutter holder;
s5, hanging a cutter by using a hoist, loosening a cutter bolt by using a pneumatic wrench, then taking out the cutter, measuring the height of the cutter, manually trimming the tunnel working face at a cutter changing position, ensuring that a sufficient cutter mounting space is reserved, cleaning the mounting seat before mounting the cutter, conveying the cutter out through a man gate, then conveying the cutter to be replaced, mounting and screwing the cutter to a designed torque value according to the reverse step of cutter dismounting, wherein in order to smoothly carry out the cutter mounting work, the dismounted bolt, washer, nut, pressing block and the like must be intensively placed in an iron sheet tool box;
s6, after the tool changing is finished, before the earth bin door is closed, the machine maintenance personnel check the implementation situation according to the requirement column of the tool changing table and confirm the implementation; and the tool changing responsible person checks the received tool changing tools to ensure that no tools and other sundries are left in the soil bin.
2. The hard rock geological shield tunneling, warehouse opening and tool changing construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: before the opening operation, 3 geological exploration holes are respectively arranged on the left, the middle and the right of the shutdown opening position, the exploration hole position avoids the range of the interval and cannot penetrate through a water-proof layer, the ground is monitored by measuring personnel before the opening operation, an initial value is measured, the monitoring frequency is kept for 3 times/day in the opening and cutter checking processes, the monitoring frequency is reported in time when an abnormality is found, personnel are arranged within the range of 20m above the ground of a cutter head for 24-hour on-duty observation before the opening operation, and the monitoring frequency is reported in time when the abnormality is found, so that the safety of pedestrians and vehicles is ensured.
3. The hard rock geological shield tunneling, warehouse opening and tool changing construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: gaseous testing personnel carry gaseous detecting instrument and explosion-proof flashlight after the door is opened, detect soil storehouse top and near the lower left side in people's storehouse and right below air at first, and professional engineer judges the stratum condition simultaneously, confirms safe back, can get into the soil storehouse and detect on next step, and the comprehensive detection finishes and judges that the stratum is stable, and air quality is qualified, and the confirmation is rechecked through on-the-spot responsible person.
4. The hard rock geological shield tunneling, warehouse opening and tool changing construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the cutter is replaced in the warehouse opening inspection, in order to timely and accurately know the ground surface settlement condition, ground monitoring points need to be arranged at the warehouse opening mileage, when the ground settlement value is found to be abnormal, monitoring personnel timely report to a project department, the project department analyzes and makes corresponding adjustment and measures according to data, in actual monitoring, the monitoring value is taken as an early warning value when reaching 50% of a control reference, when the monitoring value reaches 70% of the control reference, the safety warning range is entered, the area needs to be monitored in a key mode, and certain control measures are adopted.
5. The hard rock geological shield tunneling, warehouse opening and tool changing construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method is characterized in that the rescuers must wear a gas mask and enter a soil warehouse to be rescued strictly 'all over', a strong rescuer is required to enter the warehouse, firstly, a safety belt is worn on the poisoning person and is reliably connected with the safety rope on the safety belt through a rope, then, the poisoning person is pulled out of the warehouse through the rope by the rescuers outside the warehouse, the head of the poisoning person is kept upward and commanded as much as possible by the rescuers in the warehouse in the rope pulling process, and secondary damage caused by collision of the body, particularly the head of the poisoning person, with the warehouse is avoided.
6. The hard rock geological shield tunneling, warehouse opening and tool changing construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: utilize original people's storehouse pressurize system of shield structure machine to be the exhaust pipe, the shield structure owner in with follow-up platform truck all use original pipeline, the exhaust pipe export sets up in preset position, keeps away from lamps and lanterns and high tension cable joint, utilizes the foam system pipeline, through the foam hole on the blade disc, supplies air in to the soil storehouse, opens original pressurize system pipeline valve simultaneously, will extrude gas and arrange to the predetermined area, the gas is through the dilution of the interior fresh air of pressing in the hole, along with the air discharge outside the hole in the hole.
7. The hard rock geological shield tunneling, warehouse opening and tool changing construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the muck is observed before opening the warehouse, the hydrogeological condition of the excavation surface of the current soil warehouse is analyzed according to the muck, whether the excavation surface has large access is determined according to a geological survey report, and after the excavation surface is determined to have good soil quality, the muck is gradually excavated to reduce the soil pressure, and the muck in the soil warehouse is emptied.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117514219A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-02-06 | 中建交通建设集团有限公司 | Method for escaping and rapidly first-aid of shield tunneling machine cutterhead |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117514219A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-02-06 | 中建交通建设集团有限公司 | Method for escaping and rapidly first-aid of shield tunneling machine cutterhead |
| CN117514219B (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-04-02 | 中建交通建设集团有限公司 | Method for escaping and rapidly first-aid of shield tunneling machine cutterhead |
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