CN111809563B

CN111809563B - Utilize integrated configuration of river levee and lock to realize crossing fish function

Info

Publication number: CN111809563B
Application number: CN202010637045.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余列强; 戴跃华; 邹志伟; 李燕; 邓美姣
Original assignee: Guangdong Yueyuan Engineering Consulting Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Yueyuan Engineering Consulting Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-04
Filing date: 2020-07-04
Publication date: 2022-03-29
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-04
Also published as: CN111809563A

Abstract

The application relates to a combined structure for realizing a fish passing function by utilizing a diversion dike and a lock, which comprises the lock arranged on one side of a dam and the diversion dike arranged on the downstream side of the dam, wherein a fishway is arranged between the diversion dike and the lock, and two ends of the fishway are opened and respectively penetrate through the side wall of the lock and one side of the diversion dike, which is far away from the lock; a flexible fish passing pipeline is arranged in the ship lock, the fish passing pipeline is communicated with the fishway, and a plurality of power devices for shifting the fish passing pipeline up and down are arranged in the ship lock at intervals along the length direction of the ship lock; the ship lock is internally provided with a negative pressure device which extracts the river water in the ship lock to the fishway for discharging. Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of crossing the fish pipeline is arranged in preventing that the migration shoal of fish from staying in the ship lock of still water to and reduce the hull injury by in the ship lock. Wherein the power device that fish pipeline was crossed to being used for shifting from top to bottom that sets up in the ship lock is used for shifting after the gate is opened and crosses the fish pipeline and drive the migration shoal of fish upstream, improves the migration shoal of fish and traces to the trip and quantity and efficiency through the ship lock.

Description

Utilize integrated configuration of river levee and lock to realize crossing fish function

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of hydraulic buildings, in particular to a combined structure for realizing fish passing function by utilizing a diversion dike and a ship lock.

Background

At present, a river barrage is built on a natural river to block a migration channel of fishes in the natural river. The remedial measures taken at home and abroad are mainly three types: firstly, fish passing facilities are built, and mainly comprise fishways, fish gates, fish lifts, fish gathering and transporting ships and the like; secondly, building an artificial simulated spawning site in the river channel; thirdly, proliferation and releasing are carried out.

The existing fish remedial measures have certain effects, but have various disadvantages. The fishway is generally suitable for hydraulic engineering with medium and small water heads, and for the hydraulic engineering with the water level difference between the upstream and the downstream exceeding 15 meters, the fishway is long in length, relatively difficult to arrange and large in early-stage investment of the engineering in order to control the internal water flow speed. The fish lock and the fish elevator are suitable for high-head water conservancy projects, the number of electromechanical devices is large, the operation, management and maintenance costs are high, and the dam passing process of the fish is discontinuous. The fish collecting ship is suitable for rivers with shipping conditions, and has the problems of noise, water environment pollution, discontinuous fish dam-crossing process and the like. The two schemes have certain effects proved by practice, but the fish in the area can have the accompanying problems of reduced population diversity and the like.

If a river block project is built on a river with navigation requirements, a ship lock is an important component of the project and is also an important channel for water exchange between upstream and downstream of a dam. Generally, in the operation process of a ship lock on a dam, the height of the water level in a ship lock chamber is changed by two means of water filling and water draining; and the herringbone doors on the upper and lower positions are alternately switched to realize the entrance and exit of the ship into and out of the lock chamber of the ship lock, so that the ship passes through the dam. However, during the passage of the ship over the dam, the ship travels at a low speed. According to the requirement of ship maneuverability, the ship is suitable to navigate in still water under the condition of low navigation speed. In other words, the flow of water in the lock chambers and in the upstream and downstream fairways during the passage of the ship over the dam can be considered as "standing water". On the other hand, in order to meet the mooring force requirement for the ship to be parked, the flow velocity of water is also limited when the lock chamber of the ship is filled with water.

Due to the high requirements of the water flow conditions for the mooring of the ship and for the entry and exit of the ship lock. In the existing design, in general, a diversion dike is constructed in the upper and lower navigation channels of a ship lock, so that the navigation channels are separated from the main stream of a river channel to form a slow flow area; and meanwhile, the water flow in the downstream navigation channel is treated into still water.

When the actual ship lock is overhauled, a considerable amount of wild fishes are found in the ship lock chambers in many places. Therefore, it is feasible to use the ship lock as a passage for migratory fish to pass through. Related art is a facility for guiding migratory fish into a ship lock through a fishway by using fish passing through the ship lock, and for the migratory fish to move upstream through the ship lock.

In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor believes that there is a defect that the migration shoal is in a round trip state in still water or a slow flow area to search for the up-tracking of the leakage water flow. Because the downward water flow in the ship lock and the downstream approach channel is not obvious, the migration fish group can not actively enter the downstream approach channel or spontaneously pass through the dam along with the ship in the ship lock, and even if the ship lock is utilized to pass fish, the number of the fish naturally passing through the dam is small.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve quantity and efficiency that the migration shoal traced to the journey through the ship lock, this application provides an utilize diversion bank and ship lock to realize crossing the integrated configuration of fish function.

The application provides an utilize integrated configuration that river diversion dike and lock realized crossing the fish function adopts following technical scheme:

a combined structure for realizing a fish passing function by utilizing a diversion dike and a lock comprises the lock arranged on one side of a dam and the diversion dike arranged on the downstream side of the dam, wherein a fishway is arranged between the diversion dike and the lock, and two ends of the fishway are opened and respectively penetrate through the side wall of the lock and one side of the diversion dike far away from the lock; a flexible fish passing pipeline is arranged in the ship lock, the fish passing pipeline is communicated with the fishway, and a plurality of power devices for shifting the fish passing pipeline up and down are arranged in the ship lock at intervals along the length direction of the ship lock; and a negative pressure device for pumping the river water in the ship lock to the fishway for discharging is arranged in the ship lock.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can set up the water conservancy diversion dyke in dam low reaches generally for slow down the rivers of ship lock one side, make boats and ships be equivalent to when crossing the ship lock and go in still water, it is comparatively steady. But the habit of migration shoal is often attracted by torrent rivers, consequently sets up the fishway between the diversion embankment, and it is interior intercommunication in lock one side and the lock to keep away from the navigation embankment through the fishway, because one side rivers that the navigation embankment kept away from the lock are comparatively torrent and torrent, often are the place of migration shoal gathering, therefore the setting of fishway is arranged in guiding the shoal of migration to the lock. Wherein the negative pressure device that sets up in the lock is used for liquid level height in the adjustment lock to water that will take out passes through the fishway and discharges, forms rivers in the fishway, traces to the wrong sense of swimming and upward for the migratory shoal, realizes attracting the effect of migratory shoal. Wherein still be provided with flexible fish pipeline of crossing in the ship lock, cross the fish pipeline and prolong the length direction extension of ship lock, cross the fish pipeline and can adopt plastics or fibre to weave and form, cross fish pipeline and fishway intercommunication, cross the one end shutoff of fish pipeline near the low reaches, the one end that is close to the upper reaches switches on to with the migration shoal of fish to the direction is led and is sent upstream. The fish pipeline is made of flexible materials, so that the gate can be closed and sealed when the gate of the ship lock is closed to store water or discharge water, the fish pipeline is arranged to prevent the migration fish school from staying in the ship lock with still water, and damage to a ship body in the ship lock is reduced. Wherein the power device that fish pipeline was crossed to being used for shifting from top to bottom that sets up in the ship lock is used for shifting after the gate is opened and crosses the fish pipeline and drive the migration shoal of fish upstream to improve the migration shoal of fish and trace to the trip and quantity and efficiency through the ship lock.

Preferably, the fish passing pipeline is hollowed to form a plurality of water permeable holes, and the water permeable holes are smaller than the average individual size of the migration fish school.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the hole of permeating water of crossing fish pipeline fretwork is used for keeping the migration shoal of fish breathing and river exchange in crossing the fish pipeline to need control the hole of permeating water and be less than individual average size in the migration shoal of conventional season, avoid the shoal of fish to follow and cross the fish pipeline and wander out.

Preferably, the equal vertical spout of having seted up of two inside walls of ship lock, power device includes vertical setting in the spout with the lateral wall of ship lock rotates the reciprocal lead screw of connecting, sliding connection has the slider on the reciprocal lead screw, the slider with cross fish pipeline fixed connection.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, reciprocal lead screw rotates with the lateral wall of ship lock and is connected, can rotate through power supply drive such as motor to drive slider up-and-down motion, wherein the spout can rotate the slider spacing, makes the slider only follow the axis direction up-and-down motion of reciprocal lead screw, and then drives a part of fish pipeline and stir from top to bottom, forms the fluctuation of certain frequency, is favorable to driving migration fish school.

Preferably, a first water pump is installed at one end, away from the ship lock, of the fishway, and a water outlet of the first water pump is communicated to an inlet of the fishway.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, thereby the delivery port of first water pump communicates to the entrance formation bubble and the rivers of fishway at the entrance of fishway, and then plays attraction and guide effect to the migration shoal of fish, and the guide migration shoal of fish gets into the fishway.

Preferably, each of the power units is provided on the upstream side of each lock gate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, drive the migration shoal of fish to the direction of going upstream in proper order through each power device to the migration shoal of fish closes this gate after through a gate, makes the shoal of fish move along crossing the fish passageway under power device's nearby effect, thereby improves the migration shoal of fish and traces to the journey through the lock and quantity and efficiency.

Preferably, a second water pump is installed on a gate of the ship lock, and a water outlet pipe of the second water pump is arranged on one side, facing the upstream, of the gate.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the outlet pipe setting of second water pump is in the gate towards one side on the upper reaches to form rivers and bubble through the second water pump in the upper reaches of gate, be convenient for lead to the migration fish school when carrying out oxygenation in to the lock, make the migration fish school move upstream.

Preferably, the fish passing pipeline is made of a flexible material with density higher than that of water.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, cross the fish pipeline and select the flexible material that density is greater than water for use can ensure to cross the pipeline and sink at the bottom, can select plastics or elastic fiber to weave and form to reduce the condition of crossing fish passageway and the boats and ships contact through the ship lock.

Preferably, water baffle plates are arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the fishway at intervals.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the water proof baffle is used for slowing down the rivers velocity of flow, improves the flow state to give the slower region of the rivers that migratory shoal had a rest, and then be favorable to the migratory shoal to pass through in the fishway gets into the lock.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the method comprises the following steps that a migration fish school on one side, away from a ship lock, of a diversion dike is guided into the ship lock through a fish passage, a fish passing pipeline communicated with the fish passage is further arranged in the ship lock, the fish passing pipeline extends along the length direction of the ship lock, one end, close to the downstream, of the fish passing pipeline is blocked, and the other end, close to the upstream, of the fish passing pipeline is conducted, so that the migration fish school is guided to the upstream, and the condition that the migration fish school stays in static water of the ship lock is reduced;

2. the power device is arranged to stir the flexible fish passing channel up and down, so that disturbance is formed on the fish passing pipeline, the power device is used for stirring the fish passing pipeline after the gate is opened to drive the migration fish swarm upstream, and therefore the quantity and the efficiency of the migration fish swarm upstream through the lock are improved;

3. through set up negative pressure device in the ship lock for the water that will take out simultaneously passes through the fishway discharge in the adjustment ship lock liquid level, forms rivers in the fishway, traces to the illusion of swimming and going up for the migratory shoal of fish, realizes attracting the effect of migratory shoal of fish.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of the power plant of the chute of the present application;

fig. 3 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 2.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a dam; 11. a ship lock; 12. a diversion dike; 13. a fishway; 131. a water-retaining partition plate; 14. a gate; 2. a fish passage; 21. water permeable holes; 3. a chute; 31. a reciprocating screw rod; 32. a slider; 41. a first water pump; 42. and a second water pump.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-3.

The diversion dike 12 is a building for smoothly guiding water flow or restraining water flow, and mainly plays a role in adjusting the trend of a river channel and guiding ships to safely pass through a dam in an avionic hydropower hub; the ship lock 11 is a kind of "navigation building", and utilizes the water filling and draining in the channel controlled by two gates 14 to raise and lower the water level, so that the ship can overcome the box-shaped navigation building with centralized water level drop on the channel.

The embodiment of the application discloses a composite structure for realizing a fish passing function by using a diversion dike 12 and a ship lock 11. Referring to fig. 1, the ship lock comprises a ship lock 11 pre-installed on one side of a dam 1 and a diversion dike 12 fixed on the downstream side of the dam 1, a rectangular fishway 13 is fixedly connected between the diversion dike 12 and the ship lock 11, and water-retaining partition plates 131 are fixed on two sides of the inner wall of the fishway 13 in a protruding mode at intervals. The both ends opening of fishway 13 just runs through the lateral wall of ship lock 11 and one side that the ship lock 11 is kept away from to water conservancy diversion dyke 12 respectively, and first water pump 41 is installed to the one end that the ship lock 11 was kept away from to fishway 13, and the delivery port of first water pump 41 communicates to the entrance of fishway 13, forms rivers and bubble in the water inlet department of fishway 13, attracts the migratory fish crowd to get into fishway 13.

Be provided with in the ship lock 11 and extract the negative pressure device to fishway 13 exhaust with the river in the ship lock 11, the negative pressure device is the suction pump fixed with ship lock 11, the water inlet of suction pump communicates in ship lock 11, the delivery port of suction pump communicates in fishway 13, and then be used for passing through fishway 13 with the water of taking out when adjusting ship lock 11 interior liquid level height and discharge, form rivers in fishway 13, trace to the wrong sense of going forward and go up for the migratory fish school, realize the effect of attracting migratory fish school.

The fish pipeline is crossed to fixedly connected with flexibility in the lock 11, crosses the fish pipeline and chooses for use the density to be greater than the flexible material of water and make, and the material can choose for use plastics, plant or chemical fibre etc. to weave and form, cross fish pipeline fretwork and seted up a plurality of holes 21 of permeating water, the hole 21 of permeating water is less than the average individual size of migration shoal of fish. The fish passing pipeline is communicated with the fishway 13, a plurality of power devices for shifting the fish passing pipeline up and down are arranged in the ship lock 11 at intervals along the length direction of the ship lock 11, and each power device is respectively arranged on one side of the gate 14 of each ship lock 11 close to the upstream.

The equal vertical spout 3 of having seted up of two inside walls of ship lock 11, power device include vertical setting in spout 3 with the reciprocal lead screw 31 of the lateral wall rotation connection of ship lock 11, sliding connection has slider 32 on the reciprocal lead screw 31, slider 32 with cross fish pipeline fixed connection.

The lock gate 14 of the ship lock 11 is provided with a second water pump 42, and a water outlet pipe of the second water pump 42 extends to the upstream side of the lock gate 14. Therefore, water flow and bubbles are formed at the upstream of the gate 14 through the second water pump 42, oxygen is added into the ship lock 11, and meanwhile, the migratory fish school is convenient to guide, so that the migratory fish school moves upstream.

The implementation principle of the composite structure for realizing the fish passing function by using the diversion dike 12 and the ship lock 11 in the embodiment of the application is as follows:

the first water pump 41 continuously forms water flow and air bubbles at the entrance of the fishway 13 to guide the migratory fish school into the fishway 13, wherein the water flow extracted by the negative pressure device continuously exists in the fishway 13 to guide the upstream water flow of the migratory fish school, and further attracts the migratory fish school into the fishway 13 and gradually enters the lock 11. After entering the fish passing channel 2 in the ship lock 11 through the fishway 13, the migratory fish group gradually moves upstream through the gate 14 as the gate 14 on the upstream is opened, and finally passes through the ship lock 11 and enters the side of the dam 1 facing the upstream.

Wherein power device and second water pump 42 play the effect of driving and attracting the migratory shoal upstream to improve migratory shoal number and efficiency of tracing to the journey through ship lock 11.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an utilize diversion dike and lock to realize crossing integrated configuration of fish function, includes ship lock (11) and diversion dike (12) of setting in dam (1) downstream side of setting in dam (1) one side, its characterized in that: a fishway (13) is arranged between the diversion dike (12) and the ship lock (11), two ends of the fishway (13) are opened and respectively penetrate through the side wall of the ship lock (11) and one side, far away from the ship lock (11), of the diversion dike (12); a flexible fish passing pipeline is arranged in the ship lock (11), the fish passing pipeline is made of a flexible material with the density larger than that of water, the fish passing pipeline is communicated with the fishway (13), one end, close to the downstream, of the fish passing pipeline is blocked, one end, close to the upstream, of the fish passing pipeline is communicated, and a plurality of power devices used for shifting the fish passing pipeline up and down are arranged in the ship lock (11) at intervals along the length direction of the ship lock (11); a negative pressure device for pumping the river water in the ship lock (11) to a fishway (13) to be discharged is arranged in the ship lock (11); the fish passing pipeline is hollowed to form a plurality of water permeable holes (21), and the water permeable holes (21) are smaller than the average individual size of the migration fish school.

2. The combination structure of claim 1, wherein the diversion dike and the ship lock are used for realizing the function of fish passing, and the combination structure comprises: the equal vertical spout (3) of having seted up of two inside walls of ship lock (11), power device includes vertical setting in spout (3) with the lateral wall of ship lock (11) rotates reciprocal lead screw (31) of connecting, sliding connection has slider (32) on reciprocal lead screw (31), slider (32) with cross fish pipeline fixed connection.

3. The combination structure of claim 1, wherein the diversion dike and the ship lock are used for realizing the function of fish passing, and the combination structure comprises: one end, far away from the ship lock (11), of the fishway (13) is provided with a first water pump (41), and a water outlet of the first water pump (41) is communicated to an inlet of the fishway (13).

4. The combination structure of claim 1, wherein the diversion dike and the ship lock are used for realizing the function of fish passing, and the combination structure comprises: the power devices are respectively arranged on the upstream side of the lock (14) of each ship lock (11).

5. The combination structure of claim 1, wherein the diversion dike and the ship lock are used for realizing the function of fish passing, and the combination structure comprises: and a second water pump (42) is installed on the gate (14) of the ship lock (11), and a water outlet pipe of the second water pump (42) is arranged on one side, facing the upstream, of the gate (14).

6. The combination structure of claim 1, wherein the diversion dike and the ship lock are used for realizing the function of fish passing, and the combination structure comprises: and water-retaining partition plates (131) are arranged on two sides of the inner wall of the fishway (13) at intervals.