CN111808795A - 一种肝细胞体外共培养体系及其构建方法与应用 - Google Patents

一种肝细胞体外共培养体系及其构建方法与应用 Download PDF

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CN111808795A
CN111808795A CN202010601331.6A CN202010601331A CN111808795A CN 111808795 A CN111808795 A CN 111808795A CN 202010601331 A CN202010601331 A CN 202010601331A CN 111808795 A CN111808795 A CN 111808795A
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高博韬
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种肝细胞体外共培养体系及其构建方法与应用。一种肝细胞体外共培养体系,包括细胞外基质、肝细胞以及3T3‑J2成纤维细胞;所述的肝细胞种于所述的细胞外基质上,所述的肝细胞表面铺有所述的3T3‑J2成纤维细胞。所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系的构建方法如下:将3T3‑J2成纤维细胞接种在温度敏感性培养皿上,培养,剥离,得到。本发明提供的肝细胞体外共培养体系为人类肝细胞提供了一个更接近于体内肝组织微环境的立体形态,保证了紧密的肝细胞/肝细胞相互连接及肝细胞/支持细胞的相互作用,可以有效增强并维持肝细胞功能,进而可以用于长期药物评估。

Description

一种肝细胞体外共培养体系及其构建方法与应用
技术领域
本发明属于细胞培养技术领域,具体涉及一种肝细胞体外共培养体系及其构建方法与应用。
背景技术
药物性肝损伤是导致药物研发失败以及药物上市后被撤回的重要原因。由于动物与人的种属差异性,动物模型并不能保证准确预测药物在人体内的肝毒性。因此,建立稳定可靠的体外人类原代肝细胞模型并用于预测药物的肝毒性尤为重要。然而,人类原代肝细胞在普通二维体外培养过程中,由于缺乏体内肝脏的三维结构、细胞间相互作用以及生长因子的支持,会快速失去正常的形态和功能,从而导致肝细胞的药物代谢功能降低,进而影响其用于药物肝毒性筛选评估。因此,长期维持肝细胞的药物代谢功能是建立人类肝细胞模型所需要考虑的重要问题。
发明内容
为了克服现有肝细胞在二维体外培养过程中存在快速失去正常的形态和功能从而导致肝细胞的药物代谢功能降低的问题,本发明第一个方面的目的,在于提供一种肝细胞体外共培养体系。
本发明第二个方面的目的,在于提供上述肝细胞体外共培养体系的构建方法。
本发明第三个方面的目的,在于提供一种包括上述肝细胞体外共培养体系的试剂盒。
本发明第四个方面的目的,在于提供上述肝细胞体外共培养体系的应用。
为了实现上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案是:
本发明的第一个方面,提供一种肝细胞体外共培养体系,包括细胞外基质、肝细胞以及3T3-J2成纤维细胞;所述的肝细胞种于所述的细胞外基质上,所述的肝细胞表面铺有所述的3T3-J2成纤维细胞。
所述的细胞外基质包括胶原、基质胶在内的所有天然类及合成类的细胞外基质;优选为胶原蛋白;更优选为鼠尾腱Ⅰ型胶原蛋白。
所述的肝细胞优选为永生化细胞系、原代细胞、衍生自多能干细胞中的至少一种;更优选为原代细胞。
所述的肝细胞的来源优选为人。
所述的3T3-J2成纤维细胞优选为3T3-J2成纤维细胞薄片。
所述的3T3-J2成纤维细胞薄片优选通过如下步骤得到:将3T3-J2成纤维细胞接种在温度敏感性培养皿上,培养,剥离,得到3T3-J2成纤维细胞薄片。
所述的3T3-J2成纤维细胞的接种数优选为120万~240万;更优选为150万~200万。
所述的温度敏感性培养皿优选为预涂胎牛血清的温度敏感性培养皿。
所述的预涂胎牛血清的温度敏感性培养皿优选通过如下方法得到:取胎牛血清加入温度敏感性培养皿,36~38℃过夜涂层,得到。
所述的培养优选依次包括第一次培养和第二次培养。
所述的第一次培养的条件优选为35~39℃、3%~7%CO2浓度下培养3~5天;更优选为36~38℃、4%~6%CO2浓度下培养3.5~4.5天;最优选为37℃、5%CO2浓度下培养4天。
所述的第二次培养的条件优选为18~22℃下培养0.5~2.5h;更优选为20℃下培养1h-2h。
所述的剥离的方法优选为用移液枪轻轻吹打培养皿边缘。
所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系,还包括培养液。
所述的培养液优选包括DMEM基础培养基、0.1μM地塞米松、1%胰岛素/人转铁蛋白/亚硒酸混合液、0.2μM胰高血糖素、10%胎牛血清、1%青链霉素。
所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系的培养条件优选为温度:36~38℃、CO2浓度:4%~6%。
本发明的第二个方面,提供本发明第一个方面所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系的构建方法,优选如下:将肝细胞悬液接种于细胞外基质层上,培养;然后,将3T3-J2成纤维细胞薄片铺在肝细胞上,得到肝细胞体外共培养体系。
所述的肝细胞悬液优选通过肝细胞复苏或常规培养传代得到。
所述的肝细胞优选为永生化细胞系、原代细胞、衍生自多能干细胞中的至少一种;更优选为原代细胞。
所述的肝细胞的来源优选为人。
所述的肝细胞的细胞活力达到90%以上。
所述的肝细胞悬液优选含肝细胞10万~30万个;更优选含肝细胞15万~25万个。
所述的细胞外基质层优选通过如下方法得到:取细胞外基质溶液加入粘贴在培养容器中的环状材料中央,固化,得到细胞外基质层。
所述的细胞外基质包括胶原、基质胶在内的所有天然类及合成类的细胞外基质;优选为胶原蛋白;更优选为鼠尾腱Ⅰ型胶原蛋白。
所述的环状材料优选由高分子水凝胶或硅胶制备得到;环状材料可以与培养容器迅速粘贴,紧密组装在一起时无漏液现象出现,且可以任意拆分。
所述的固化的条件优选为36~38℃固化0.5h-14h;更优选为37℃固化1h-12h。
所述的培养的条件优选为36~38℃、4%~6%CO2下培养10h-26h;更优选为37℃、5%CO2下培养12h-24h。
所述的培养结束后还包括移除环状材料、吸净肝细胞悬液中的培养液。
所述的3T3-J2成纤维细胞薄片优选通过如下步骤得到:将3T3-J2成纤维细胞接种在温度敏感性培养皿上,培养,剥离,得到3T3-J2成纤维细胞薄片。
所述的3T3-J2成纤维细胞的接种数优选为120万~240万;更优选为150万~200万。
所述的温度敏感性培养皿优选为预涂胎牛血清的温度敏感性培养皿。
所述的预涂胎牛血清的温度敏感性培养皿优选通过如下方法得到:取胎牛血清加入温度敏感性培养皿,36~38℃过夜涂层,得到。
所述的培养优选依次包括第一次培养和第二次培养。
所述的第一次培养的条件优选为35~39℃、3%~7%CO2浓度下培养3~5天;更优选为36~38℃、4%~6%CO2浓度下培养3.5~4.5天;最优选为37℃、5%CO2浓度下培养4天。
所述的第二次培养的条件优选为18~22℃下培养0.5~2.5h;更优选为20℃下培养1h-2h。
所述的剥离的方法优选为用移液枪轻轻吹打培养皿边缘。
所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系的构建方法,还包括如下步骤:添加培养液。
所述的培养液优选包括DMEM基础培养基、0.1μM地塞米松、1%胰岛素/人转铁蛋白/亚硒酸混合液、0.2μM胰高血糖素、10%胎牛血清、1%青链霉素。
本发明的第三个方面,提供一种试剂盒,包括本发明第一个方面所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系。
本发明的第四个方面,提供本发明第一个方面所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系或本发明第三个方面所述的试剂盒在肝毒性药物的安全性评测以及肝毒性药物检测中的应用。
本发明的有益效果是:
相对于传统的二维肝细胞培养,本发明提供的3T3-J2细胞薄片/肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶多层共培养体系为人类肝细胞提供了一个更接近于体内肝组织微环境的立体形态,保证了紧密的肝细胞/肝细胞相互连接以及肝细胞/支持细胞的相互作用,从而可以有效增强并维持肝细胞功能,进而可以用于长期药物评估;同时,提升人类肝细胞对药物的敏感度,有利于更真实预测体内药物肝毒性。
本发明采用的3T3-J2成纤维细胞是一种经过放射线处理的3T3成纤维细胞,相比于一般的成纤维细胞,3T3-J2可以分泌多种生长因子,如HGF、IGF等,与普通的3T3成纤维细胞相比,3T3-J2成纤维细胞与肝细胞共培养之后可以显著提升并维持肝细胞功能,因此肝细胞/3T3-J2共培养模型相比肝细胞/3T3共培养模型和常规肝细胞单独培养模型更适合药物毒性筛选。
本发明采用的细胞薄片技术是一种非常先进的构建三维多层组织的技术,其核心是温度敏感性培养皿。将3T3-J2成纤维细胞在温度敏感性培养皿上养满之后,通过降低温度可以将单层3T3-J2细胞以薄片形式剥离,进而可以将3T3-J2细胞薄片与人类原代肝细胞叠层用于构建三维多层组织。相比于通过混合肝细胞与水凝胶构建的肝细胞三维培养模型,细胞薄片技术拥有独特的优势。细胞薄片全由细胞以及细胞产生的少量细胞外基质组成,细胞密度高,能保证细胞/细胞的紧密连接,而且能产生高浓度的生长因子,可以为肝细胞提供合适的生存环境,有利于长期维持肝细胞功能。此外,少量的细胞外基质可以起到类似于胶水的作用,方便粘接和叠层构建规则的多层三维组织,更有利于真实再现体内组织形态。
附图说明
图1是实施例1中3T3-J2细胞薄片/肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶多层共培养体系的构建过程示意图。
图2是实施例1中3T3-J2细胞薄片的剥离过程示意图。
图3是多层共培养体系及单层共培养体系的HE染色图:其中,A是实施例1中3T3-J2细胞薄片/肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶多层共培养体系的HE染色图;B是实施例2中肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶单独培养体系的HE染色图。
图4是多层共培养体系及单层共培养体系的肝细胞药物代谢功能对比图:其中,A是实施例1中3T3-J2细胞薄片/肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶多层共培养体系与实施例2中肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶单独培养体系的肝细胞CYP1A2代谢功能对比图;B是实施例1中3T3-J2细胞薄片/肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶多层共培养体系与实施例2中肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶单独培养体系的肝细胞CYP2B6代谢功能对比图;*表示实施例1中3T3-J2细胞薄片/肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶多层共培养体系与实施例2中肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶单独培养体系的肝细胞药物代谢功能差异显著(p<0.05)。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体的实施例对本发明的内容作进一步详细的说明。
实施例1 3T3-J2细胞薄片/肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶多层共培养体系的构建
3T3-J2细胞薄片/肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶多层共培养体系的构建过程示意图如图1所示,具体如下:
(1)取3T3-J2成纤维细胞(购自Kerafast),按照说明书规定方法进行培养,胰蛋白酶消化,备用。将2mL胎牛血清加入35mm温度敏感性培养皿(购自UpCell),37℃过夜涂层,吸出温度敏感性培养皿中的胎牛血清,将3T3-J2成纤维细胞在预涂胎牛血清的温度敏感性培养皿上接种,接种细胞数150万-200万,置于37℃、5%的CO2培养箱内培养4天,使细胞铺满整个培养皿并产生足够细胞外基质,保证单层细胞剥离后不至于破裂。
(2)将内径15.5mm的硅胶环粘贴到35mm普通培养皿上,将鼠尾腱Ⅰ型胶原蛋白原液(4mg/mL)、10倍磷酸盐缓冲液(pH7.4)和1N NaOH溶液按照9:1.023:0.207的体积比在冰上混合配置,得到胶原蛋白混悬液(鼠尾腱Ⅰ型胶原蛋白原液购自Corning,胶原蛋白混悬液配置方法参照说明书)。将200-300μL胶原蛋白混悬液加入到硅胶环中央,37℃1h-12h固化成凝胶。肝细胞采用人类原代肝细胞(购自Thermo Fisher),按照说明书规定方法复苏,台盼蓝检测细胞活力,细胞活力达到90%以上,备用。将肝细胞混在专用培养液中形成悬液。所述专用培养液包括DMEM(dulbeccos modified eagle medium)基础培养基、0.1μM地塞米松(购自Sigma Aldrich)、1%胰岛素/人转铁蛋白/亚硒酸混合液(购自Corning)、0.2μM胰高血糖素(购自Sigma Aldrich)、10%胎牛血清、1%青链霉素。然后将肝细胞悬液(含肝细胞20万个)接种到硅胶环中央胶原蛋白凝胶之上,置于37℃、5%CO2培养箱内培养12h-24h,以形成肝细胞团。
(3)将步骤(1)中得到的培养有3T3-J2成纤维细胞的35mm温度敏感性培养皿置于20℃培养箱内1h-2h,使温度敏感性培养皿表面转为亲水表面以利于细胞脱离,用移液枪轻轻吹打培养皿边缘以剥离3T3-J2细胞薄片(如图2所示)。将硅胶环移除,培养液吸净,暴露培养有肝细胞胶原蛋白凝胶,然后将剥离的3T3-J2细胞薄片叠在肝细胞之上20min,以粘接3T3-J2细胞薄片到肝细胞和胶原蛋白凝胶上。之后,加入2mL专用培养液到培养皿中,形成3T3-J2细胞薄片/肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶多层共培养体系。每隔2天更换一次培养液。
实施例2肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶单独培养体系的构建
(1)将内径15.5mm的硅胶环粘贴到35mm普通培养皿上,将鼠尾腱Ⅰ型胶原蛋白原液(4mg/mL)、10倍磷酸盐缓冲液(pH7.4)和1N NaOH溶液按照9:1.023:0.207的体积比在冰上混合配置,得到胶原蛋白混悬液(鼠尾腱Ⅰ型胶原蛋白原液购自Corning,胶原蛋白混悬液配置方法参照说明书)。将200-300μL胶原蛋白混悬液加入到硅胶环中央,37℃1h-12h固化成凝胶。肝细胞采用人类原代肝细胞(购自Thermo Fisher),按照说明书规定方法复苏,台盼蓝检测细胞活力,细胞活力达到90%以上,备用。将肝细胞混在专用培养液中形成悬液。所述专用培养液包括DMEM(dulbeccos modified eagle medium)基础培养基、0.1μM地塞米松(购自Sigma Aldrich)、1%胰岛素/人转铁蛋白/亚硒酸混合液(购自Corning)、0.2μM胰高血糖素(购自Sigma Aldrich)、10%胎牛血清、1%青链霉素。然后将肝细胞悬液(含肝细胞20万个)接种到硅胶环中央胶原蛋白凝胶之上,置于37℃、5%CO2培养箱内培养12h-24h,以形成肝细胞团。然后将硅胶环移除,培养液吸净,暴露培养有肝细胞胶原蛋白凝胶,之后,加入2mL专用培养液到培养皿中,形成肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶单独培养体系。每隔2天更换一次培养液。
效果实施例
将实施例1得到的3T3-J2细胞薄片/肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶多层共培养体系及实施例2得到的肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶单独培养体系分别放置到37℃、5%CO2培养箱内培养,每隔2天更换一次培养液,待培养至第21天,分别将实施例1和2的培养体系用4%多聚甲醛中固定1小时;然后将它们包埋在石蜡中,进行4μm切片,脱蜡以进行苏木精-曙红(HE)染色。最后,封装干燥并用光学显微镜观察,结果如图3所示:可以清晰看到实施例1得到的3T3-J2细胞薄片/肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶多层共培养体系的三层结构,且肝细胞团较为立体;与此相反,实施例2得到的肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶单独培养体系中肝细胞团则较为扁平。
在培养的第2、5、7、14、21天,依次用磷酸缓冲盐溶液(PBS,pH7.2,0.01M)和DMEM基础培养基冲洗实施例1和2得到的培养体系,然后将含有100μM非那西丁(Sigma Aldrich)和200μM安非他酮(Sigma Aldrich)的2mL DMEM基础培养液分别添加到实施例1和2的培养皿中。非那西丁和安非他酮分别是体内肝细胞代谢药物的主要酶—细胞色素P450超家族(Cytochrome P450 proteins,CYP)中,CYP1A2和CYP2B6的代谢底物。肝细胞吸附并代谢两种CYP底物,并将其代谢物释放到培养基中。37℃温育10分钟后,收集20μL上清液。它们含有非那西丁和安非他酮的代谢产物,分别是对乙酰氨基酚和羟基安非他酮。通过液相色谱-质谱联用仪(API 5000,AB applied biosystems)测量两种代谢产物的含量,进而计算出CYP底物向特定代谢产物的转化速率(pmol/min/百万肝细胞)(转化速率可用于代表实施例1中多层共培养体系和实施例2中单独培养体系的肝细胞CYP的代谢活性),结果如图4所示:从Day2开始直到Day21,多层共培养体系的肝细胞药物代谢功能,呈现出逐步上升的状态(CYP1A2)或上升之后维持的状态,没有表现出明显的下降(CYP2B6);而且,多层共培养体系的肝细胞药物代谢功能(包括CYP1A2和CYP2B6),从Day5开始直到Day21,都显著性的高于单独培养体系,证明多层共培养体系可以明显提升肝细胞的药物代谢功能。
综上所述,实施例1得到的3T3-J2细胞薄片/肝细胞团/胶原蛋白凝胶多层共培养体系有利于在体外再现肝细胞的立体形态,可以有效提升并长期维持肝细胞的药物代谢功能。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种肝细胞体外共培养体系,其特征在于:包括细胞外基质、肝细胞以及3T3-J2成纤维细胞;所述的肝细胞种于所述的细胞外基质上,所述的肝细胞表面铺有所述的3T3-J2成纤维细胞。
2.根据权利要求1所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系,其特征在于:所述的3T3-J2成纤维细胞为3T3-J2成纤维细胞薄片。
3.根据权利要求2所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系,其特征在于:所述的3T3-J2成纤维细胞薄片通过如下步骤得到:将3T3-J2成纤维细胞接种在温度敏感性培养皿上,培养,剥离,得到3T3-J2成纤维细胞薄片。
4.根据权利要求3所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系,其特征在于:所述的培养依次包括第一次培养和第二次培养;
所述的第一次培养的条件为35~39℃、3%~7%CO2浓度下培养3~5天。
5.根据权利要求4所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系,其特征在于:
所述的第二次培养的条件为18~22℃下培养0.5~2.5h。
6.根据权利要求1所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系,其特征在于:
所述的细胞外基质包括胶原、基质胶在内的所有天然类及合成类的细胞外基质;优选为胶原蛋白;更优选为鼠尾腱Ⅰ型胶原蛋白。
7.根据权利要求1~6中任一项所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系,其特征在于:
所述的肝细胞优选为永生化细胞系、原代细胞、衍生自多能干细胞中的至少一种;更优选为原代细胞;
优选地,所述的肝细胞的来源为人。
8.权利要求1~7中任一项所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系的构建方法,其特征在于:将肝细胞悬液接种于细胞外基质层上,培养;然后,将3T3-J2成纤维细胞薄片铺在肝细胞上,得到肝细胞体外共培养体系。
9.一种试剂盒,包括权利要求1~7中任一项所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系。
10.权利要求1~7中任一项所述的肝细胞体外共培养体系或权利要求9所述的试剂盒在肝毒性药物的安全性评测以及肝毒性药物检测中的应用。
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