CN111802179B - Blue and white mixed LED lamp strip for bottle cultivation of pleurotus eryngii and mushroom cultivation method thereof - Google Patents

Blue and white mixed LED lamp strip for bottle cultivation of pleurotus eryngii and mushroom cultivation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111802179B
CN111802179B CN202010654976.6A CN202010654976A CN111802179B CN 111802179 B CN111802179 B CN 111802179B CN 202010654976 A CN202010654976 A CN 202010654976A CN 111802179 B CN111802179 B CN 111802179B
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mushroom
illumination
ventilation
closed
bottle
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CN111802179A (en
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姬建军
沈凡超
阳国秀
易恢满
唐伍平
谢海鹰
蒋路翔
蒋小和
蒋元书
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HUNAN GUOXIU FOOD CO Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/60Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
    • A01G18/69Arrangements for managing the environment, e.g. sprinklers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/04Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
    • A01G7/045Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The blue and white mixed LED lamp strip comprises a lamp strip body and a plurality of LED light-emitting components arranged on the lamp strip body, each group of LED light-emitting components consists of blue LED lamp beads and white LED lamp beads, and two white LED lamp beads are arranged between two adjacent blue LED lamp beads; a method for cultivating pleurotus eryngii bottle-cultivated blue and white mixed LED lamp strips comprises the steps of using the blue and white mixed LED lamp strips to adjust and control the lighting turn-on and turn-off frequency and related parameters at each stage of a mushroom cultivating period. The pleurotus eryngii produced by the method is thick in cap, the cap is matched with the stem, the yield and the quality are greatly improved, the biological conversion rate is high, the observation and the harvesting of the pleurotus eryngii are not influenced, and the excellence is remarkable.

Description

Blue and white mixed LED lamp strip for bottle cultivation of pleurotus eryngii and mushroom cultivation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cultivation method and a cultivation method of pleurotus eryngii, in particular to a blue and white mixed LED lamp strip for bottle cultivation of pleurotus eryngii and a mushroom cultivation method of the blue and white mixed LED lamp strip.
Background
At present, the bag cultivation pleurotus eryngii mainly adopts incandescent lamps for cultivating pleurotus eryngii, and some pleurotus eryngii use pure-color LED lamp strips, but in the process of cultivating pleurotus eryngii by bottle cultivation, due to a special fruiting mode of a shelf, the mode of the LED lamp strips needs to be adopted; the lamp light is an induction factor and a growth factor which are necessary in the pleurotus eryngii cultivation process and is related to the overall quality and the yield of pleurotus eryngii sporophores; especially, under the condition that the shape of the bottle-cultivated pleurotus eryngii is emphasized, the selection of the LED light is particularly important, and the switching frequency of the LED light is particularly important during mushroom cultivation. The pure color lamp strip is mainly made of white light and blue light.
The mushroom cap is the main part of the light receptor of the edible mushroom, the mushroom cap has higher sensitivity to the illumination with different colors, different intensities and different frequencies, and the sensitivity of different edible mushrooms to different light qualities and intensities is different due to the difference of the light receptor genes; in the process of cultivating pleurotus eryngii by bottle cultivation, 200-400Lx pure LED white light is selected, the shape of the pleurotus eryngii is reasonable, but the cap of the pleurotus eryngii is easy to become large and open, and the body of the pleurotus eryngii is easy to age; the 100-inch-300 Lx pure LED blue light is selected, the mushroom cap is thicker and smaller, the mushroom body is not long, and the yield is lower; in addition, the maturity of the mushroom body is not easy to distinguish in the harvesting process, and the blue light has great damage to eyes, which does not meet the requirements of high quality, high yield and convenient harvesting in the pleurotus eryngii industrial mushroom culturing process.
CN108834742A discloses a method for promoting growth and development of Pleurotus eryngii by using an LED plant growth light source, wherein a fluorescent powder excitation type LED plant growth light source is prepared by combining fluorescent powder emitting deep red light and a blue light chip, and the ratio of the integral area of the blue peak of the blue chip to the integral area of the red peak of the red fluorescent powder in the spectrum of the prepared LED light source is 1: 3; the cultivation is in bag cultivation mode, and the red light has longer wavelength, low frequency and strong heat effect, can increase the temperature of the cultivation room, and is not beneficial to improving the compactness of the sporocarp and cultivating high-quality pleurotus eryngii.
CN108575569A discloses a method for regulating and controlling the growth of pleurotus eryngii by blue LEDs, wherein white LEDs and blue LEDs are fixedly arranged above a main body of a pleurotus eryngii growing chamber, and the irradiation time of different blue LEDs is given in a specific growth period of the pleurotus eryngii; the cultivation is a bag cultivation mode, the irradiation of the cultivation belongs to a single light source, the cultivation has good performance on mushroom caps, but the conversion rate is not increased, and the observation of the growth condition and the harvesting of mushroom bodies are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the blue and white mixed LED lamp strip for the bottle cultivation of the pleurotus eryngii, which is beneficial to improving the yield and the quality of the bottle cultivation of the pleurotus eryngii and does not influence the observation and the harvesting of the cultivated pleurotus eryngii.
The invention further aims to solve the technical problem of providing a blue and white mixed LED lamp strip mushroom cultivation method for bottle cultivation of pleurotus eryngii, which can improve the yield and quality of bottle cultivation of pleurotus eryngii.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the pleurotus eryngii bottle blue-white mixed LED lamp strip comprises a lamp strip body and a plurality of LED light-emitting components arranged on the lamp strip body, wherein each group of LED light-emitting components consists of a blue LED lamp bead and a white LED lamp bead.
Furthermore, two white LED lamp beads are arranged between two adjacent blue LED lamp beads.
Furthermore, the illumination intensity of the LED light-emitting component is 400-600Lx,
further, the illumination intensity of the LED light-emitting component is 500 Lx.
Further, the lamp strip body is sleeved in the transparent plastic cylinder.
The technical scheme adopted for further solving the technical problems is as follows: the method for cultivating the pleurotus eryngii by the blue-white mixed LED lamp strip cultivated in the bottle comprises the following steps of turning on and off the illumination frequency of the blue-white mixed LED lamp strip at each stage of a mushroom cultivating period and regulating and controlling related parameters: (1) putting the fungus bottles into a pre-cooling period of a mushroom growing room: the 1 st to 2 nd days when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 13-15 ℃, ventilation is closed, illumination is closed, and the air humidity is 80-95%; (2) hypha recovery period after mycelium stimulation of mushroom bottles: 3-4 days after the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 15-17 ℃, ventilation is closed, illumination is turned on for 5min, and is turned off for 30min to alternately circulate, and the air humidity is 88-95%; (3) starting a bud forcing period after fungus bottle scratching: 5-7 days after the fungus bottle enters the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 15-17 ℃, ventilation is started for 5min and stopped for 150min for alternate circulation, illumination is started for 5min and closed for 30min for alternate circulation, and the air humidity is 80-90%; (4) adjusting the bud forcing period after mycelium stimulation of the mycelium bottle: the 8 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 15-17 ℃, ventilation is started for 2min, the ventilation is stopped for 150min, illumination is started for 1min, the ventilation is stopped for 60min, and the air humidity is 70-85%; (5) young bud period after mycelium stimulation of the strain bottles: the 9 th to 11 th days after the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 16-18 deg.C, ventilating for 1min, stopping for 150min, and turning off illumination; the air humidity is 68-83%; (6) young bud expansion period after mycelium stimulation of the mycelium bottle: the 12 th day when the fungus bottle enters the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 16-18 ℃, the ventilation is closed, and the illumination is closed; the air humidity is 82-92%; (7) mushroom bud shaping initial stage after mushroom bottle mycelium stimulation: the 13 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 16-18 ℃, ventilation is started for 1min, ventilation is stopped for 150min, illumination is closed in the daytime, illumination is opened for 10s at night, illumination is closed for 120min, and the air humidity is 80-93%; (8) a mushroom period after mushroom bottle scratching: the 14 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 14.5-17.5 ℃, ventilation is started for 2min, and ventilation is stopped for 150min, the illumination is closed in the daytime, the illumination is opened for 1min at night, the illumination is closed for 90min, and the air humidity is as follows: 80-93%; (9) the medium mushroom period after mushroom bottle scratching: the 15 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 12.5-16.0 ℃, ventilation is started for 3min, the ventilation is stopped for 150min, illumination is closed in the daytime, illumination is opened for 2min at night, the illumination is closed for 60min, and the air humidity: 85-95%; (10) a large mushroom period after mushroom bottle scratching: the 16 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 10.0-13.0 ℃, ventilation is started for 4min, the circulation is stopped for 150min alternately, illumination is closed in the daytime, illumination is opened for 2min at night, the circulation is closed for 60min alternately, and the air humidity is 85-95%; (11) the pleurotus eryngii starts a mushroom picking period: the 17 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 8.5-10.5 ℃, ventilation is started for 3min, the ventilation is stopped for 150min, the circulation is alternately carried out, the illumination is closed, and the air humidity is 82-90%.
The invention is used for cultivating the bottle-cultivated pleurotus eryngii, completely avoids an imperfect state in the process of cultivating the pleurotus eryngii by using a monochromatic pure light source, uses the blue and white mixed LED lamp strip and regulates and controls corresponding parameters, and exerts the beneficial effect of the light source on the bottle-cultivated pleurotus eryngii cultivation to the utmost extent; the produced pleurotus eryngii has thick cap, the cap is matched with the stem, the yield and the quality are greatly improved, the biological conversion rate is high, the observation and the harvesting of the cultivated pleurotus eryngii are not influenced, and the excellence is obvious.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention:
the embodiment of the pleurotus eryngii bottle cultivation blue-white mixed LED lamp strip comprises the following steps:
the pleurotus eryngii bottle blue-white mixed LED lamp strip comprises a lamp strip body and a plurality of LED light-emitting assemblies arranged on the lamp strip body, wherein the lamp strip body is sleeved in a transparent plastic cylinder, each group of LED light-emitting assemblies consists of a blue LED lamp bead and a white LED lamp bead, two white LED lamp beads are arranged between every two adjacent blue LED lamp beads, and the illumination intensity of the LED light-emitting assemblies is 500 Lx.
The mushroom cultivating method applying the blue and white mixed LED lamp strip for cultivating the pleurotus eryngii bottle comprises the following steps of using the blue and white mixed LED lamp strip to regulate and control the lighting turn-on and turn-off frequency and related parameters at each stage of a mushroom cultivating period:
(1) the fungus bottle enters a pre-cooling period of a mushroom growing room: the 1 st to 2 nd days when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 13-15 ℃, ventilation is closed, illumination is closed, and the air humidity is 80-95%;
(2) and (3) hypha recovery period after mycelium stimulation of mushroom bottles: 3-4 days after the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 15-17 ℃, ventilation is closed, illumination is turned on for 5min, and is turned off for 30min to alternately circulate, and the air humidity is 88-95%;
(3) and (3) starting a bud forcing period after fungus bottle scratching: 5-7 days after the fungus bottle enters the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 15-17 ℃, ventilation is started for 5min and stopped for 150min for alternate circulation, illumination is started for 5min and closed for 30min for alternate circulation, and the air humidity is 80-90%;
(4) adjusting the bud forcing period after mycelium stimulation of the mycelium bottle: the 8 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 15-17 ℃, ventilation is started for 2min, the ventilation is stopped for 150min, illumination is started for 1min, the ventilation is stopped for 60min, and the air humidity is 70-85%;
(5) in the young bud period after mycelium stimulation of the bacteria bottles: the 9 th to 11 th days after the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 16-18 deg.C, ventilating for 1min, stopping for 150min, and turning off illumination; the air humidity is 68-83%;
(6) and (3) during the bud expansion period after fungus bottle scratching: the 12 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 16-18 ℃, the ventilation is closed, and the illumination is closed; the air humidity is 82-92%;
(7) in the early stage of shaping mushroom buds after mushroom bottle scratching: the 13 th day when the fungus bottle enters the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 16-18 ℃, ventilation is started for 1min, ventilation is stopped for 150min, illumination is closed in the daytime, illumination is opened for 10s at night, illumination is closed for 120min, and the air humidity is 80-93%;
(8) in a mushroom period after mushroom bottle scratching: the 14 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 14.5-17.5 ℃, ventilation is started for 2min, the ventilation is stopped for 150min, the illumination is closed in the daytime, the illumination is opened for 1min at night, the illumination is closed for 90min, and the air humidity: 80-93%;
(9) in the medium mushroom period after mushroom bottle scratching: the 15 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 12.5-16.0 ℃, ventilation is started for 3min, the ventilation is stopped for 150min, illumination is closed in the daytime, illumination is opened for 2min at night, the illumination is closed for 60min, and the air humidity: 85-95%;
(10) and (3) in a large mushroom period after mushroom bottle scratching: the 16 th day when the fungus bottle enters the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 10.0-13.0 ℃, ventilation is started for 4min, the ventilation is stopped for 150min, the illumination is closed in the daytime, the illumination is opened for 2min at night, the illumination is closed for 60min, and the air humidity is 85-95%;
(11) the pleurotus eryngii begins in a mushroom picking period: the 17 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 8.5-10.5 ℃, ventilation is started for 3min, the ventilation is stopped for 150min, the circulation is alternately carried out, the illumination is closed, and the air humidity is 82-90%.
Table one: influence of different lights on the solid form of Pleurotus eryngii bag cultivation
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The light treatment with different light qualities in the primordial differentiation period has a great influence on the maturation of young buds, as shown in the table I, the stipe of the sporocarp in the green light treatment group is the longest (18.3 cm), and the stipe of the sporocarp in the blue light treatment group is the shortest (16.0 cm); the length difference of the stipe between the red light treatment group and the white light treatment group is not obvious, but the difference between the red light treatment group and the white light treatment group is obvious; the ratio k of the pileus diameter k to the stipe diameter is closer to 1, indicating better appearance quality of Pleurotus eryngii Pleurotus ostreatus fruiting bodies.
A second table: influence of different lights on yield of pleurotus eryngii fruiting body in bag cultivation
Figure 748944DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
In the cultivation of edible fungi, the yield of fruiting bodies, biological efficiency and commodity rate are important indexes for judging whether environmental conditions are suitable for fruiting or not, and the following table II shows that: the biological efficiency of the blue photoplasmic group was the lowest, 73.80%; the biological efficiency of the white mixed light treatment group is the highest and reaches up to 87.20 percent; the biological efficiency of the red, yellow and green light quality treatment groups is 82.40%, 80.03% and 85.43% in sequence, the commodity rate refers to the percentage of the commercial mushrooms in the total production, the commodity rate of the blue light treatment group is the highest and reaches 77.55%, and the commodity rate of the red light treatment group is the lowest and reaches 71.96%.
Table three: bottle cultivation mushroom cultivation experimental data of blue and white pure LED lights and mixed LED lights
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Different light qualities and illumination intensities are adopted to greatly affect production work, mushroom shapes, quality, yield and the like, as shown in the third table, pure white LED light, pure blue LED light, 1 white 1 blue LED light, 2 white 1 blue LED light and 3 white 1 blue LED light are compared, and corresponding illumination intensities are compared, and according to bottle cultivation mushroom cultivation experimental data, mushroom caps cultivated under the 2 white 1 blue LED light are thick, the mushroom caps are matched with mushroom stems very well, the average yield of finished mushroom per bottle is 172.0 g/bottle, the average total yield of mushroom per bottle is 206.0 g/bottle, the biological conversion rate is 82.4%, mushroom cultivation observation and harvesting are not affected, and the excellence is obvious.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as being within the protection scope of the present invention.
Those not described in detail in the specification are well within the skill of the art.

Claims (1)

1. The pleurotus eryngii bottle blue-white mixed LED lamp strip is characterized by comprising a lamp strip body and a plurality of LED light-emitting components arranged on the lamp strip body, wherein each group of LED light-emitting components consists of a blue LED lamp bead and a white LED lamp bead;
two white LED lamp beads are arranged between two adjacent blue LED lamp beads;
the lamp strip body is sleeved in the transparent plastic cylinder;
the illumination intensity of the LED light-emitting component is 400-600 Lx;
the illumination intensity of the LED light-emitting assembly is 500 Lx;
the pleurotus eryngii bottle cultivation blue-white mixed LED lamp strip mushroom cultivation method comprises the following steps of using the blue-white mixed LED lamp strip to adjust and control the lighting turn-on and turn-off frequency and related parameters at each stage of a mushroom cultivation period: (1) the fungus bottle enters a pre-cooling period of a mushroom growing room: the 1 st to 2 nd days after the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 13-15 ℃, ventilation is closed, illumination is closed, and the air humidity is 80-95%; (2) and (3) hypha recovery period after mycelium stimulation of mushroom bottles: 3-4 days after the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 15-17 ℃, ventilation is closed, illumination is turned on for 5min, and is turned off for 30min to alternately circulate, and the air humidity is 88-95%; (3) and (3) starting a bud forcing period after fungus bottle scratching: 5-7 days after the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 15-17 ℃, ventilation is started for 5min and stopped for 150min for alternate circulation, illumination is started for 5min and closed for 30min for alternate circulation, and the air humidity is 80-90%; (4) adjusting the bud forcing period after mycelium stimulation of the mycelium bottle: the 8 th day when the fungus bottle enters the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 15-17 ℃, ventilation is started for 2min and stopped for 150min, illumination is started for 1min and stopped for 60min, and the circulation is alternately performed, wherein the air humidity is 70-85%; (5) in the young bud period after mycelium stimulation of the bacteria bottles: the 9 th to 11 th days after the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 16-18 deg.C, ventilating for 1min, stopping for 150min, and turning off illumination; the air humidity is 68-83%; (6) and (3) during the bud expansion period after fungus bottle scratching: the 12 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 16-18 ℃, ventilation is closed, and illumination is closed; the air humidity is 82-92%; (7) and (3) shaping of mushroom buds after mushroom bottle mycelium stimulation: the 13 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 16-18 ℃, ventilation is started for 1min, the ventilation is stopped for 150min, illumination is closed in the daytime, illumination is turned on for 10s at night and is closed for 120min, and the air humidity is 80-93%; (8) in a mushroom period after mushroom bottle scratching: the 14 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 14.5-17.5 ℃, ventilation is started for 2min, the ventilation is stopped for 150min, the illumination is closed in the daytime, the illumination is opened for 1min at night, the illumination is closed for 90min, and the air humidity: 80-93%; (9) in the medium mushroom period after mushroom bottle scratching: the 15 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 12.5-16.0 ℃, ventilation is started for 3min, the ventilation is stopped for 150min, illumination is closed in the daytime, illumination is opened for 2min at night, the illumination is closed for 60min, and the air humidity: 85-95%; (10) and (3) in a large mushroom period after mushroom bottle scratching: the 16 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 10.0-13.0 ℃, ventilation is started for 4min, the circulation is stopped for 150min alternately, illumination is closed in the daytime, illumination is opened for 2min at night, the circulation is closed for 60min alternately, and the air humidity is 85-95%; (11) the pleurotus eryngii starts a mushroom picking period: the 17 th day when the fungus bottles enter the mushroom growing room; the temperature is 8.5-10.5 ℃, ventilation is started for 3min, the ventilation is stopped for 150min, the circulation is alternately carried out, the illumination is closed, and the air humidity is 82-90%.
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