CN111795105B - 高机动找平吸振悬架 - Google Patents

高机动找平吸振悬架 Download PDF

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CN111795105B
CN111795105B CN202010750023.XA CN202010750023A CN111795105B CN 111795105 B CN111795105 B CN 111795105B CN 202010750023 A CN202010750023 A CN 202010750023A CN 111795105 B CN111795105 B CN 111795105B
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air chamber
valve
main air
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piston rod
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CN111795105A (zh
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宣昌黎
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/26—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper characterised by adjusting or regulating devices responsive to exterior conditions
    • F16F13/262—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper characterised by adjusting or regulating devices responsive to exterior conditions changing geometry of passages between working and equilibration chambers, e.g. cross-sectional area or length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • B60G15/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
    • B60G15/062—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper the spring being arranged around the damper
    • B60G15/065—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper the spring being arranged around the damper characterised by the use of a combination of springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/005—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/007—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
    • F16F13/102—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by features of flexible walls of equilibration chambers; decoupling or self-tuning means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
    • F16F13/105—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by features of partitions between two working chambers
    • F16F13/107—Passage design between working chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
    • F16F9/348—Throttling passages in the form of annular discs or other plate-like elements which may or may not have a spring action, operating in opposite directions or singly, e.g. annular discs positioned on top of the valve or piston body
    • F16F9/3488—Throttling passages in the form of annular discs or other plate-like elements which may or may not have a spring action, operating in opposite directions or singly, e.g. annular discs positioned on top of the valve or piston body characterised by features intended to affect valve bias or pre-stress
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
    • F16F9/362—Combination of sealing and guide arrangements for piston rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
    • F16F9/368—Sealings in pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
    • F16F9/369—Sealings for elements other than pistons or piston rods, e.g. valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/43—Filling or drainage arrangements, e.g. for supply of gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/54—Arrangements for attachment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/58—Stroke limiting stops, e.g. arranged on the piston rod outside the cylinder

Abstract

本发明涉及汽车悬架结构，特别是一种高机动找平吸振悬架。它包括主气室和副气室及减振器；本发明高机动找平吸振悬架,专门设计了伸缩稳力技术，减振器设计了数字变径阀和同步变径程序，使轿车悬架自动适应全路况的找平和吸振。

Description

高机动找平吸振悬架
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车悬架结构，特别是一种高机动找平吸振悬架。
背景技术
轿车悬架在实际应用中,一直没能征服颠簸路面的起落值和振动率，导致正常行驶的轿车只要遇到颠簸路面都要立刻减速避振，这是因为悬架弹簧的机动性能受到压缩加载和伸张卸载的弹性力学限制。车轮在颠簸路面的每一个上跳行程，都将造成悬架弹簧因下端压缩加载，而往上端释能冲击车身。车轮在颠簸路面的每一个下跳行程都将造成悬架弹簧因下端伸张卸载，而导致车身随车轮同步下跌，从而造成车身剧烈颠簸和剧烈振动。伸缩变载是任何型式的悬架弹簧都不可违背的弹性力学定律，只是电控空气弹簧的变载率和变刚度优于钢丝弹簧，它们在颠簸路面都没有伸缩找平的机动力学。悬架减振器在颠簸路面不但会失去机动吸振能力，还会限制悬架弹簧的伸缩机动，因为悬架弹簧在伸缩找平时需要活塞联动阻尼吸振，所以悬架弹簧与活塞在结构中都是并联安装而实现机动同步。由于活塞阻尼阀的孔径流量都是按常规路面的要求设定，无论是机械阀还是电控阀都没有与活塞阻力值同步变径的机动程序，导致活塞在颠簸路面会因阀孔滞流失去往复机动，与活塞并联安装的悬架弹簧也同时失去伸缩机动。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高机动找平吸振悬架。
本发明的目的是通过如下途径实现的：一种高机动找平吸振悬架，它包括主气室和副气室及减振器；
所述的主气室外层为防油胶层，内层为帘线气密胶层，两层结构之间设有若干伸缩稳力环；主气室上端口与副气室连接，两室之间设有气室隔板，气室隔板装上装有弹性变径阀；主气室上下端口均设有主气室外骨架，防尘罩的上下端口装配在主气室外骨架外圈；主气室内置活塞杆，制动释能器套装在活塞杆外圈；
所述的副气室固定于主气室上部，其顶部设有与主机装配座紧固装配的装车螺杆；
所述的减振器包括缸筒及活塞杆；缸筒上端缸壁设有缸筒充气孔，缸筒内腔顶部设有导向器，活塞杆头部插入主气室内与气室隔板的轴心孔固定，活塞杆中段安装于导向器的轴心孔内，活塞杆尾端与活塞的上端轴心孔紧固装配，活塞杆尾段内部设有双向通气孔，行程限位器套装在活塞杆中段。
作为本发明的进一步优化,所述的活塞外圈上沟槽装配有O形密封圈，下沟槽装配有润滑导向带，活塞下端内径安装有数字变径阀和阀密封圈。
作为本发明的进一步优化,所述的数字变径阀由压缩锥阀和拉伸锥阀组成，压缩锥阀以锥体装配在数字锥阀的相关锥孔中吻合密封，压阀弹簧套装在压缩锥阀的柱体外圈，压阀预紧器与压阀弹簧同孔装配，压阀预紧器的内圈周边均布4个压阀气孔；压缩锥阀的轴心设有常通孔；拉伸锥阀以锥体装配在数字变径阀的相关锥孔内吻合密封，拉阀弹簧套装在拉伸锥阀的柱体外圈，拉阀预紧器与拉阀弹簧同孔装配，拉阀预紧器内径周边均布4个拉阀气孔。
作为本发明的进一步优化,所述的减振器根据前后不同，其下端分别安装有用作与主机紧固装配的支架和吊环。
作为本发明的进一步优化,所述的导向器上端内径安装有骨架油封，油封下方设置有油槽，导向器下端内径装配有骨架气封和气封压环，中间轴心孔内过盈装配活塞杆导向套，缸筒充气阀套装在导向器下端外圈。
作为本发明的进一步优化, 所述的主气室、副气室以及减振器的内腔中充有压缩氮气。
作为本发明的进一步优化,所述的主气室底部设有气室充气孔，并装有气室充气阀，气室充气阀设有外骨架。
本发明高机动找平吸振悬架, 专门设计了伸缩稳力技术，减振器设计了数字变径阀和同步变径程序，使轿车悬架自动适应全路况的找平和吸振。副气室为冷轧钢板冲压焊装成型，有效容积为主气室有效容积的60%，它通过弹性变径阀对主气室的压缩过载率同步吸收60%，对主气室的伸张卸载率同步补充60%。主气室是伸缩找平的机动要件，它以稳定的容积气压和伸缩稳力环的机动力学调控，实现对车身高度和车身承载的匹配值。主气室的外层是防油胶层，内层是帘线气密胶层，伸缩稳力环设置在防油胶层和帘线气密胶层的中间。伸缩稳力环由4到6支伸缩弹簧组成，它以设定的伸缩力值对主气室的承载值作实时监测，配合副气室对主气室的过载率和卸载率作同步调控。当主气室的压缩过载率高于承载值13%时，伸缩稳力环实时操控主气室向外扩径而实现增容减压，当主气室的伸张卸载率低于承载值13%时，伸缩稳力环实时操控主气室向内缩径而实现减容增压。数字变径阀以活塞的往复阻力值作为同步控制目标，通过数字锥阀的行程位移和设定预紧，对活塞的每一个往复阻力值同步给出精准的变径截面，确保车身在各种路况的行驶中都没有颠簸和振动的形成机率。本悬架以机动力学的同步控制程序，取代电控悬架的末端传感控制程序，使找平吸振的同步率和精准度高于电控悬架若干倍。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明：
图1为本发明前悬架的外观结构图;
图2为本发明后悬架的外观结构图;
图3为本发明主、副气室结构示意图;
图4为本发明中减振器的结构示意图;
图5为本发明中导向器的结构示意图;
图6为本发明中数字变径阀的结构示意图;
图中:副气室1，主气室2，伸缩稳力环3，减振器4，支架5，主气室外骨架6，防尘罩7，吊环8，装车螺杆9，弹性变径阀10，气室充气阀11，气室充气孔12，气室基座13，充气阀外骨架14，活塞杆15，帘线气密胶层16，防油胶层17，制动释能器18，气室隔板19，导向器20，缸筒充气阀21，行程限位器22，双向通气孔23，紧定螺钉24，0形密封圈25，润滑导向带26，缸筒27，缸筒底座28，数字变径阀29，阀密封圈30，活塞31，缸筒充气孔32，骨架油封33，油槽34，气封压环35，骨架气封36，活塞杆导向套37，压阀预紧器38，压阀气孔39，拉伸锥阀40，拉阀弹簧41，拉阀气孔42，拉阀预紧器43，压阀弹簧44，压缩锥阀45，常通孔46。
具体实施方式
如图1-图3所示，本发明高机动找平吸振悬架，它由主气室2和副气室1及减振器4组成，主气室的外层是防油胶层17，内层是帘线气密胶层16，伸缩稳力环3由多支设置在防油胶层和帘线气密胶层之间的伸缩弹簧组成，主气室2和伸缩稳力环3是伸缩找平和伸缩稳力的机动要件。主气室2的下端口与气室基座13装配，上端口与副气室1装配，气室隔板19焊装在副气室下端，气室隔板装配有弹性变径阀10，主气室的上下端口设置有主气室外骨架6.防尘罩7的上下端口装配在主气室外骨架6的外圈。副气室1设置在主气室2的上端，副气室通过弹性变径阀10和主副气室的伸缩压差比，同步吸收主气室的压缩过载率，同步补充主气室的伸张卸载率。主气室2和副气室1及减振器的内腔中充有压缩氮气，充气之后的气室充气阀11和缸筒充气阀21都有永久不泄漏的气压自紧功能。在主气室底部设有气室充气孔12，并安装有气室充气阀11，气室充气阀设置有外骨架14。活塞杆15的上端与气室隔板19的轴心孔焊接装配，制动释能器18套装在活塞杆15的外圈，用于控制车身在紧急制动的点头状态。装车螺杆9的下端与副气室1的上端焊装，装车螺杆与主机装配座紧固装配。缸筒底座28焊装在缸筒底部。
如图4所示，所述的减振器4由缸筒27及活塞杆15组成，导向器20装配在缸筒上端内径，通过缸筒向内封口固定，活塞杆15装配在导向器的轴心孔内，活塞杆15的下端与活塞31的上端轴心孔紧固装配，并设紧定螺钉24防松脱。活塞杆下端设有双向通气孔23，行程限位器22套装在活塞杆的设定位置点焊固定。
如图5所示，所述的导向器20上端内径安装有骨架油封33.油封下方设置有油槽34，下端内径装配有骨架气封36和气封压环35，中间轴心孔内过盈装配活塞杆导向套37，供活塞杆往复导向。缸筒充气阀21套装在导向器的下端外圈，缸筒充气孔32设置在缸筒27的上端缸壁。
如图6所示，所述的活塞31外圈上沟槽装配有O形密封圈25，下沟槽装配有润滑导向带26，活塞下端内径安装有数字变径阀29和阀密封圈30。所述的数字变径阀29由压缩锥阀45和拉伸锥阀40组成，压缩锥阀以锥体装配在数字锥阀的相关锥孔中吻合密封，压阀弹簧44套装在压缩锥阀的柱体外圈，压阀预紧器38与压阀弹簧同孔装配，压阀预紧器的内圈周边均布4个压阀气孔39。压缩锥阀44的轴心设有常通孔46。拉伸锥阀40以锥体装配在数字变径阀的相关锥孔内吻合密封，拉阀弹簧41套装在拉伸锥阀的柱体外圈，拉阀预紧器43与拉阀弹簧同孔装配，拉阀预紧器内径周边均布4个拉阀气孔42。压缩锥阀45和拉伸锥阀40在工作中通过设定预紧和行程位移，对活塞31的每一个往复阻力值同步给出精准的变径截面。
所述的前减振器4的下端焊装有支架5.后减振器4的下端焊装有吊环8，支架与吊环均用作与主机紧固装配。
本发明高机动找平吸振悬架的工作原理如下:本悬架的上端螺杆，下端支架和吊环以及总体高度，完全参照配套轿车的装配尺寸和技术参数，悬架弹簧的直径比原始配件缩小10%，高度比原始配件缩小15%，以求获得更好的装配空间。本悬架与轿车装配后，主气室通过稳定的容积气压，和伸缩稳力环的机动力学调控，实现对车身高度和车身承载的匹配值。车轮在平稳路面行驶没有较大的起落机动时，常通孔46的微量阻尼可抑制空气对车身造成的振率。车轮驶入颠簸路面上下跳动时，必将造成主气室2的剧烈压缩和剧烈伸张，此时副气室1在压缩行程中因低压条件同步吸收主气室的过载率至气压平衡。副气室在伸张行程中以高压条件同步补充主气室的卸载率至气压平衡。伸缩稳力环3感测到主气室的伸缩过载率高于承载值13%时同步扩径减压，感测到主气室的伸张卸载率低于承载值的13%时同步缩径加压。减振器4在活塞31阻力不足以开启数字锥阀的预紧力时，常通孔46的设定阻尼可以吸收车身的微量振率，一旦路面有起落值造成车轮上下跳动，车轮的起落值会同步驱动活塞产生往复气压阻力，当活塞的压缩阻力开启压缩锥阀时，拉伸锥阀被气压和预紧封闭，压缩锥阀通过设定预紧和行程位移同步给出精准的变径截面。当活塞的拉伸阻力开启拉伸锥阀时，压缩锥阀被气压和预紧封闭，拉伸锥阀通过设定预紧和行程位移同步给出精准的变径截面。由于本悬架主气室2的机动程序，是针对路面的每一个起落值实时伸缩找平和同步伸缩稳力，本数字变径阀的机动程序，是针对活塞的每一个往复阻力值同步精准变径，因此本悬架无论是在平稳路面还是在颠簸路面，都能使配套轿车保持相同的时速和相同的舒适性。本悬架在颠簸路面的找平率和吸振率是电控悬架的3倍，是机械悬架的4倍。

Claims (7)

1.一种高机动找平吸振悬架，其特征在于：它包括主气室（2）和副气室（1）及减振器（4）；
所述的主气室（2）外层为防油胶层（17），内层为帘线气密胶层（16），两层结构之间设有若干伸缩稳力环（3）；主气室（2）上端口与副气室（1）连接，两室之间设有气室隔板（19），气室隔板（19）上装有弹性变径阀（10）；主气室（2）上下端口均设有主气室外骨架（6），防尘罩（7）的上下端口装配在主气室外骨架（6）外圈；主气室（2）内置活塞杆（15），制动释能器（18）套装在活塞杆(15)外圈；
所述的副气室（1）固定于主气室（2）上部，其顶部设有与主机装配座紧固装配的装车螺杆（9）；
所述的减振器（4）包括缸筒（27）及活塞杆（15）；缸筒（27）上端缸壁设有缸筒充气孔（32），缸筒（27）内腔顶部设有导向器（20），活塞杆（15）头部插入主气室（2）内与气室隔板（19）的轴心孔固定，活塞杆（15）中段安装于导向器的轴心孔内，活塞杆（15）尾端与活塞（31）的上端轴心孔紧固装配，活塞杆（15）尾段内部设有双向通气孔（23），行程限位器（22）套装在活塞杆中段。
2.如权利要求1所述的高机动找平吸振悬架，其特征在于：所述的活塞（31）外圈上沟槽装配有O形密封圈（25），下沟槽装配有润滑导向带（26），活塞下端内径安装有数字变径阀（29）和阀密封圈（30）。
3.如权利要求2所述的高机动找平吸振悬架，其特征在于：所述的数字变径阀（29）由压缩锥阀（45）和拉伸锥阀（40）组成，压缩锥阀以锥体装配在数字锥阀的相关锥孔中吻合密封，压阀弹簧（44）套装在压缩锥阀的柱体外圈，压阀预紧器（38）与压阀弹簧同孔装配，压阀预紧器的内圈周边均布4个压阀气孔（39）；压缩锥阀（45 ）的轴心设有常通孔（46）；拉伸锥阀（40）以锥体装配在数字变径阀的相关锥孔内吻合密封，拉阀弹簧（41）套装在拉伸锥阀的柱体外圈，拉阀预紧器（43）与拉阀弹簧同孔装配，拉阀预紧器内径周边均布4个拉阀气孔（42）。
4.如权利要求1所述的高机动找平吸振悬架，其特征在于：所述的减振器（4）根据前后不同，其下端分别安装有用作与主机紧固装配的支架（5）和吊环（8）。
5.如权利要求1所述的高机动找平吸振悬架，其特征在于：所述的导向器（20）上端内径安装有骨架油封（33），油封下方设置有油槽（34），导向器（20）下端内径装配有骨架气封（36）和气封压环（35），中间轴心孔内过盈装配活塞杆导向套（37），缸筒充气阀（21）套装在导向器（20）下端外圈。
6.如权利要求1所述的高机动找平吸振悬架，其特征在于：所述的主气室（2）、副气室（1）以及减振器（4）的内腔中充有压缩氮气。
7.如权利要求1所述的高机动找平吸振悬架，其特征在于：所述的主气室（2）底部设有气室充气孔（12），并装有气室充气阀（11），气室充气阀（11）设有外骨架（14）。
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