CN111791344A

CN111791344A - Molding system and production line for reducing volume of fly ash and working method of production line

Info

Publication number: CN111791344A
Application number: CN202010653954.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王洪; 伍庆
Original assignee: Shenzhen Taimeirui Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Taimeirui Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-08
Filing date: 2020-07-08
Publication date: 2020-10-20

Abstract

The utility model relates to a molding system, production line and production line working method for flying dust subtracts appearance, it includes the workstation, set up the bed die on the workstation, be used for driving the drive arrangement that the bed die goes up and down on the workstation, set up in the formpiston of bed die top and be used for driving the pressure device that the formpiston goes up and down on the workstation, the bed die includes that a plurality of is used for holding the logical check of stabilizing the flying dust, the formpiston includes that a plurality of corresponds and the briquetting of adaptation with logical check, pressure device promotes or lifts up the briquetting so that the briquetting imbeds or breaks away from logical check. The method and the device have the effects of improving the space utilization rate and saving the cost during landfill.

Description

Molding system and production line for reducing volume of fly ash and working method of production line

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of fly ash treatment, in particular to a forming system, a production line and a production line working method for fly ash volume reduction.

Background

With the development of urban construction and the expansion of urban scale, the population number of cities increases suddenly, the yield of domestic garbage also increases rapidly, so that the original garbage landfill site is increasingly saturated or is saturated, the site selection of a new landfill site is difficult for various reasons, and the volume of the domestic garbage can be greatly reduced by adopting a garbage incineration method, thereby prolonging the service life of the existing garbage landfill site to a greater extent. With the popularization of the waste incineration technology at home and abroad, more and more waste fly ash is generated. After the domestic garbage is burnt, slag accounting for about 25 percent of the total mass of the garbage and fly ash accounting for 3 to 5 percent of the total mass of the garbage are generated. The fly ash comprises heavy metal elements such as Mn, Mg, Sn, Cd, Pb, Cr and the like and dioxin organic matters, belongs to hazardous waste, and the safety treatment of the fly ash is increasingly concerned domestically.

Before landfill, the garbage fly ash needs to be mixed and reacted with a chelating agent for stabilization so as to prevent the heavy metals in the garbage fly ash from leaching out in water to pollute the environment. Fly ash is a very fine dust, the fly ash particles are very loosely packed together, even after stabilization, there are still significant gaps between the particles, and fly ash tends to have some porosity due to the process of formation. Due to the existence of the gaps and the pores, the fly ash has small density, large apparent volume, large occupied space when the fly ash is subjected to refuse landfill and low space utilization rate.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the space utilization rate during landfill, the application provides a forming system, a production line and a production line working method for fly ash volume reduction.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a molding system for fly ash volume reduction, which adopts the following technical solutions:

the utility model provides a molding system for flying dust subtracts appearance, includes the workstation, sets up the bed die on the workstation, is used for driving the drive arrangement that the bed die goes up and down on the workstation, sets up the formpiston in bed die top and is used for driving the pressure-actuated device that the formpiston goes up and down on the workstation, the bed die includes that a plurality of is used for holding the logical check of stabilizing flying dust, the formpiston includes that a plurality of corresponds and the briquetting of adaptation with logical check, pressure-actuated device promotes or lifts up the briquetting so that the briquetting imbeds or breaks away from logical check. .

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the logical check and the workstation of bed die cooperate, form the cavity that is used for holding the stabilized flying ash. The pressing block of the male die corresponds to and is matched with the through grids and can slide along the side walls of the through grids in the through grids. When the device is used, the pressing device drives the male die to move towards the female die, the pressing block enters the through grid and presses the stabilized fly ash in the through grid into a brick block, and at the moment, the density of the stabilized fly ash is increased, and the volume is reduced. Because the chelated stabilized fly ash has certain viscosity and has certain acting force with the inner wall of the female die after being compressed, the male die does not move after compaction, and the female die moves upwards to enable the grid walls of the through grids and the bricks to slide relatively so as to remove the bonding between the bricks and the grid walls of the through grids. Moving the male die upwards to enable the pressing block to be far away from the top of the brick; the female die is moved upwardly so that the cell walls of the through cells are disengaged from the brick. The bricks after compression are obtained, and can be stacked and packed, so that transportation and stacking in later period are facilitated, and the space utilization rate of a refuse landfill during fly ash landfill can be effectively improved.

Preferably, the length and width of the through grid are 500mm × 250 mm.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the fragment of brick volume that the compression goes out is great, compares in the logical check of little specification, more makes things convenient for the transportation and the stack of fragment of brick, and the inside interact power of brick heap that the stack formed is strong, and overall structure is stable is difficult for the frame that looses and collapses.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a production line for fly ash volume reduction, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a production line for reducing the volume of fly ash comprises the forming system, a stabilizing system for uniformly mixing a chelating agent and the fly ash in proportion, a feeding system for conveying the stabilized fly ash in the stabilizing system to the forming system, and a stacking system for stacking bricks into a pile.

By adopting the technical scheme, the stabilizing system uniformly mixes the chelating agent and the fly ash in proportion, thereby forming the stabilized fly ash. The chelating agent can react with heavy metals in the fly ash to generate chelate so as to be stabilized, the fly ash particles are adhered, the heavy metals in the fly ash can be stabilized for a long time, the activity of the heavy metals in the incineration fly ash is greatly reduced, the stabilized fly ash has long-term stability in a sanitary landfill, the fly ash is solidified to reach the pollution control standard of domestic garbage landfill, and the solidified fly ash can enter the general sanitary landfill for landfill.

The feeding system conveys the stabilized fly ash into the molding system, and the molding system presses the stabilized fly ash to form bricks. Compared with the conventional powdery waste treatment such as coal cinder, the method does not need to additionally use a binder or a forming agent, and the chelating agent for stabilization can generate viscosity among fly ash, so that the pressed bricks are stable and are not easy to collapse and fall off the frame.

The stacking system shifts the bricks out of the workbench and stacks the bricks into a pile, so that the workbench can be vacated, and the space utilization rate of the bricks can be improved.

Preferably, the stabilizing system comprises a weighing device for quantitatively outputting the fly ash, a blending device for blending the concentration of the chelating agent and quantitatively outputting the chelating agent, and a stirring device communicated with the weighing device and the blending device, wherein the stirring device is used for stirring the fly ash and the chelating agent to form the stabilized fly ash with viscosity.

By adopting the technical scheme, the weighing device weighs a certain weight of fly ash, the blending device also quantitatively takes out the chelating agent which forms a preset proportion with the weighed fly ash, the fly ash and the chelating agent are introduced into the stirring device, and the stirring device uniformly mixes the fly ash and the chelating agent to form the stabilized fly ash. The chelating agent for stabilization can generate viscosity among fly ash, so that bricks formed by pressing stably exist and collapse and scattering are not easy to occur.

Preferably, the feeding system comprises a temporary storage bin connected with the stirring device and a feeding device connected to the bottom of the temporary storage bin, and the feeding device intermittently pushes the stabilized fly ash in the temporary storage bin to the position above the female die.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the storehouse of keeping in can keep in the stabilized fly ash, and the ejection of compact speed of stabilization system is faster than molding system's compression rate to guarantee molding system and continue work. The temporary storage bin can temporarily store redundant stabilized fly ash and regulate and control the discharging speed of the stabilizing system to prevent the stabilized fly ash from overflowing.

Preferably, the stacking system comprises a temporary storage table, a tray arranged on the temporary storage table, a rotating device used for rotating the tray, and a mechanical arm used for grabbing bricks on the workbench onto the tray and stacking the bricks.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the fragment of brick on the arm will workstation in time shifts to avoid the shaping system to be interfered by the fragment of brick of last cycle production in next duty cycle. The rotating device enables bricks on adjacent brick layers to be staggered with each other through rotation, and sufficient friction force is provided by means of self weight, so that the whole brick pile is fixed.

Preferably, still include the packaging system, the packaging system is including setting up the transfer orbit on the temporary storage platform, still including setting gradually suit device and the turning device on the transfer orbit, the suit device is including being used for promoting the cover bag to the buttcock top and the counterpoint mechanism of alignment and being used for snatching the lower limb of cover bag and pulling down in order to cup joint the pulling mechanism on the buttcock, tilting mechanism is including setting up in the terminal upset machine of transfer orbit and being used for pushing into the pushing mechanism in the upset machine with removing the terminal buttcock of transfer orbit.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the tray is used for carrying the brick pillar to in whole carrying of brick pillar, certain brick atress is great when avoiding directly promoting the brick pillar and takes place the damage or the whole atress of brick pillar is uneven and takes place to disintegrate and collapse. The sheathing device aligns the sheathing bag with the brick pile and then sleeves the sheathing bag on the brick pile so as to enable the outer surface of the brick pile to be abutted against the inner surface of the sheathing bag. Pushing mechanism pushes the tray that is carrying on cover bag and brick pillar into the upset machine, and the upset machine is together upset with cover bag and tray again for the top is arranged in to the tray, and the bottom of brick pillar is held by the cover bag, and follow-up presss from both sides the tray from the future, and hangs the brick pillar through the cover bag and leaves.

Preferably, the sleeve bag is a ton bag or a packing net, and the packing net is made of a packing belt.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a working method for a production line for fly ash volume reduction, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a method of operating a production line for fly ash volume reduction, comprising:

a stabilizing step: mixing the chelating agent and the fly ash according to a preset proportion and uniformly stirring to form stabilized fly ash;

a feeding step: conveying the stabilized fly ash into a push frame, pushing the push frame to the top of a female die to enable the push frame to be in butt joint with the top surface of the female die, enabling the stabilized fly ash to fall into the female die, and breaking the arch of the stabilized fly ash in the process; the size of the bottom surface of the push frame is matched with that of the top surface of the female die, and the female die comprises a plurality of through grids which are distributed in an array and used for containing stabilized fly ash;

a compression step: driving a male die to be pressed into the through grids of the female die from top to bottom, and extruding the stabilized fly ash in the through grids into bricks; wherein, the male die comprises a plurality of pressing blocks which correspond to and are matched with the through grids of the female die;

demoulding: moving the female die upwards to enable the grid walls of the through grids and the bricks to slide relatively; moving the male die upwards to enable the pressing block to be far away from the top of the brick; moving the female die upwards to separate the lattice walls of the through lattices from the bricks;

stacking: clamping the bricks onto a tray of a temporary storage table from a working table, stacking the bricks layer by layer, and stacking the bricks into a pile in a mode of crossing the upper layer and the lower layer by 90 degrees;

packaging: conveying the tray and the brick pile, and sleeving the sleeve bag on the brick pile from top to bottom in the conveying process; turning over the tray and the brick pile to enable the brick pile to be placed in the sleeve bag; the tray is removed and the sleeve bag is lifted off the transfer rail.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present application illustrating an overall fly ash volume reduction molding line;

FIG. 2 is an overall schematic view of a stabilization system in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is an overall schematic view of a feeding system in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is an overall schematic view of a molding system in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is an overall schematic view of a palletizing system in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a general schematic view of a nesting device according to the embodiments of the present application;

fig. 7 is an overall schematic view of the turning device in the embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a stabilization system;

11. a weighing device; 111. storing the fly ash in a bin; 112. a discharge pipe; 113. a fly ash weigher;

12. a blending device; 121. a raw material tank; 122. a water tank; 123. a medicament weighing hopper;

13. a stirring device; 131. a blender;

2. a feeding system;

21. a belt conveyor; 22. a temporary storage bin; 221. a discharging mechanism; 23. a feeding device; 231. pushing the frame; 232. an arch breaking mechanism;

3. a molding system;

31. a work table;

32. a frame; 321. an upper cross beam; 322. a lower cross beam; 323. an upper sliding beam; 324. a lower sliding beam; 325. a column;

33. a male mold; 331. pressing a plate; 332. briquetting;

34. a female die; 341. passing the grids;

4. a palletizing system; 41. a temporary storage table; 42. a tray; 43. a rotating device; 44. a mechanical arm;

5. a packaging system;

51. a transfer rail;

52. a sleeving device; 521. an alignment mechanism; 5211. placing a rack; 5212. placing a cylinder; 5213. a support plate; 5214. bagging; 522. a pulling mechanism; 5221. a support frame; 5222. a vertical push-pull cylinder; 5223. a horizontal push-pull cylinder; 5224. grasping the part;

53. a turning device; 531. a turnover machine; 532. a pushing mechanism; 5321. a sliding table; 5322. and (4) pushing the arm.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-7.

Waste fly ash is very fine dust, the fly ash particles are very loosely packed together, there are significant gaps between the particles, and fly ash often has some porosity due to the process of formation. Due to the existence of the gaps and the pores, the fly ash has small density and large apparent volume, and heavy metals in the fly ash are easy to leach out, so that the fly ash causes harm to the environment. Therefore, if the structure of the fly ash can be changed to densify the fly ash, the apparent volume of the fly ash can be greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the leaching of heavy metals is reduced, so that the environmental pollution risk in the fly ash disposal process is reduced, the storage capacity of a fly ash landfill is saved, and the using amount of a chemical chelating agent is reduced, thereby reducing the disposal cost of the fly ash and realizing the efficient and economic rapid disposal of the household garbage.

Currently, fly ash is often landfilled in landfills by ton-bag and die-bag processes. The ton bag treatment method is characterized in that fly ash is placed in a ton bag, and then the ton bag is tied and stacked in a refuse landfill. However, the fly ash has the characteristic of low density, the single ton bag contains less weight of the fly ash, and meanwhile, the ton bag filled with the fly ash is cylindrical, so that gaps between adjacent ton bags stacked together are large, and therefore, the ton bag treatment method greatly occupies the space of a garbage treatment plant. Accordingly, in order to improve the space utilization of the landfill, the mold bag processing method injects fly ash into a flat mold bag by the extrusion of a plunger pump, and then the mold bag is stacked in the landfill. The adjacent mould bags are tightly compacted without gaps, and compared with a ton bag treatment method, the fly ash is compressed, the density is increased, so that the utilization rate of the landfill storage capacity is increased by about 25-30%. However, the flat shaped molding bags have a large specific surface area, and the number of molding bags per unit volume of fly ash is large compared to the ton bag treatment method, that is, the utilization rate of the molding bags is low.

Therefore, in order to realize the volume reduction landfill of the fly ash and improve the space utilization rate of the refuse landfill, the embodiment of the application discloses a production line for the volume reduction of the fly ash.

Referring to fig. 1, the fly ash volume-reducing molding production line includes a stabilizing system 1 for uniformly mixing a chelating agent and fly ash in proportion, a feeding system 2 for receiving and temporarily storing the stabilized fly ash of the stabilizing system 1 and outputting the stabilized fly ash, a molding system 3 for pressing the stabilized fly ash output from the feeding system 2 into bricks, a stacking system 4 for stacking the bricks pressed by the molding system 3 into a pile, and a packing system 5 for packing the pile of bricks.

Referring to fig. 2, the stabilization system 1 includes a weighing device 11 for quantitatively outputting the fly ash, a blending device 12 for blending the chelating agent concentration and quantitatively outputting, and a stirring device 13 communicated with the weighing device 11 and the blending device 12, wherein the stirring device 13 stirs the fly ash and the chelating agent to form the stabilized fly ash with viscosity.

The weighing device 11 includes a fly ash storage bin 111 for storing fly ash, an exhaust pipe 112 connected to the fly ash storage bin 111, and a fly ash weighing device 113 connected to the exhaust pipe 112, wherein a screw conveyor is disposed in the fly ash storage bin 111, and the screw conveyor presses the fly ash in the fly ash storage bin 111 toward the exhaust pipe 112. The discharge pipe 112 is provided with a discharge valve for controlling the communication of the discharge pipe 112. After the fly ash weighing device 113 receives the fly ash with the preset weight, the discharge valve and the screw conveyer are closed, and the fly ash weighing device 113 outputs the fly ash inside to the stirring device 13. The top of the fly ash storage bin 111 is provided with an exhaust filter which adopts a pulse bag type dust collector, and the filtering wind speed of a cloth bag is not more than 0.8 m/min. In order to keep the negative pressure in the warehouse and smooth discharge, an exhaust fan is additionally arranged on the exhaust filter.

The blending device 12 comprises a stock solution tank for storing the concentrated chelating agent, a water tank 122 for storing clear water, and a medicament weighing hopper 123 connected to the stock solution tank and the water tank 122 at the same time, wherein a stirrer is arranged in the medicament weighing hopper 123. When the device works, firstly, water is added into the medicament weighing hopper according to the set weight through the water feeding pump, then the chelating agent is added into the medicament weighing hopper 123 according to the set amount through the chelating agent configuration pump, an accumulation metering mode is adopted, after metering is finished, the stirrer in the medicament weighing hopper 123 is started to uniformly mix the chelating agent and the water, the concentration uniformity meets the requirement, and then the chelating agent solution is added into the stirring device 13 through the chelating agent solution delivery pump.

The optimal proportion of the chelating agent is different for different incineration fly ashes, and needs to be obtained through experiments in practical engineering, and the reference basic proportion used in the application is as follows: fly ash 100%, chelating agent 2-5% and water 5-20%.

The stirring device 13 comprises a stirrer 131, when the stirring device works, the stirrer 131 is started firstly, after the rotating speed is stable, the discharge valve of the fly ash weighing device 113 is opened firstly, the fly ash is discharged into the stirrer 131 under the action of gravity, then the medicament of the medicament metering hopper is sprayed into the stirrer 131 through the delivery pump, the stirrer 131 continues stirring while injecting the solution, the fly ash and the medicament are fully mixed after about 3min, the valve of the stirrer 131 is opened and discharged to the feeding system 2, and the valve is closed and enters the next cycle after the stirrer 131 finishes discharging. The stirrer 131 is provided with a communicating pipe to the fly ash storage 111 to discharge the fly ash and gas formed in the ash falling process to the fly ash storage 111, thereby preventing the dust from leaking and difficult to fall due to the formation of positive pressure.

Referring to fig. 3, the feeding system 2 includes a belt conveyor 21 disposed below the stirrer 131, a temporary storage bin 22 connected to the stirring device 13 through the belt conveyor 21, and a feeding device 23 connected to the bottom of the temporary storage bin 22.

The fly ash is sent into a temporary storage bin 22 by the belt conveyor 21 to be temporarily stored for production, a belt of the belt conveyor 21 is an anti-corrosion skirt antiskid belt, and a residual material collecting tank is arranged below the belt conveyor 21. The temporary storage bin 22 is provided with a high-low level indicator for detecting the storage condition of the materials in the temporary storage bin 22, and the materials are automatically supplemented due to shortage of the materials. The bottom of the temporary storage bin 22 is provided with a discharging mechanism 221 which is used for conveying the materials in the bin to the feeding device 23.

The feeding device 23 comprises a pushing frame 231 arranged below the discharging end of the discharging mechanism 221, an arch breaking mechanism 232 arranged in the pushing frame 231, and an oil cylinder (not shown in the figure) connected to the pushing frame 231. The arch breaking mechanism 232 rotates in the pushing frame 231 to prevent the stabilized fly ash in the pushing frame 231 from arching, and the pushing frame 231 is designed according to the feeding amount of the product, so that quantitative feeding can be realized. In operation, the cylinder drives the pushing frame 231 to intermittently push the stabilized fly ash in the temporary storage bin 22 into the molding system 3.

The molding system 3 includes a table 31, a frame 32 provided on the table 31, a female mold 34 provided on the table 31, a driving device for driving the female mold 34 to ascend and descend on the table 31, a male mold 33 provided above the female mold 34, and a pressing device for driving the male mold 33 to ascend and descend on the table 31.

The female die 34 is in a square shape, a plurality of through grids 341 for containing stabilized fly ash are arranged between the upper top surface and the lower top surface in a penetrating manner, the through grids 341 are arranged in an array, the length, width and height specifications of the through grids 341 can be 200mm × 100mm × 72mm or 500mm × 250mm × 250mm or other specifications, and in the embodiment, the length, width and height specifications of the through grids 341 adopt 500mm × 250mm × 250 mm. The size of the above-mentioned push frame 231 is matched with the size of the female die 34, and when the push frame 231 is pushed to the female die 34 by the oil cylinder, the frame bottom of the push frame 231 coincides with the outer edge of the top surface of the female die 34. Four through-cells 341 are provided on each female die 34. The male mold 33 includes a pressing plate 331 connected to the pressing device, and a plurality of pressing blocks 332 disposed at the bottom of the pressing plate 331 and corresponding to and matching with the through grids 341, in this embodiment, the number of the pressing blocks 332 is four, and the length and width specification adopts 500mm × 250 mm.

The frame 32 is composed of an upper beam 321, a lower beam 322, an upper sliding beam 323, a lower sliding beam 324, and columns 325, the upper beam 321 and the lower beam 322 are connected together by four columns 325 and nuts to form a rigid frame. The upper sliding beam 323 and the lower sliding beam 324 are connected to the upright 325 at both ends and slide up and down along the upright 325 with the upright 325 as a guide. The male die 33 is provided on the bottom surface of the upper slide beam 323, and the female die 34 is provided on the lower slide beam 324.

The pressing device includes a pressing cylinder (not shown) disposed on the upper cross member 321, and an output shaft of the pressing cylinder is fixedly connected to the male mold 33. When the fly ash brick making machine works, the pressing oil cylinder can generate thrust of more than 800T at maximum under the driving of pressure oil of a hydraulic system, and pushes the pressing block 332 of the male die 33 to be embedded into the through grid 341 of the female die 34 to apply pressure on fly ash, so that the fly ash becomes a brick with a regular shape. The specification of the bricks depends on the stabilized fly ash amount added into the through lattice 341 and the thrust force of the pressing cylinder, and in this embodiment, the length, width and height of the bricks obtained by pressing are 500mm × 250mm × 125 mm. The driving device comprises a demoulding oil cylinder (not shown in the figure) arranged on the upper cross beam 321, an output shaft of the demoulding oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the lower sliding beam 324, and when the device works, the demoulding oil cylinder generates a pulling force of not less than 100T under the driving of pressure oil of a hydraulic system, and pulls the lower sliding beam 324 and the female die 34 to move upwards, so that the fly ash building block is made to fall out of the through lattice 341.

Generally, the bulk density of fly ash before stabilization is about 0.5-0.6g/cm3, and the bulk density of fly ash after stabilization by mixing with chemicals is about 0.8g/cm 3.

In actual conditions, when the number of the through lattices 341 of the female die 34 is 15, the length, width and height of each through lattice 341 is 200mm × 100mm × 72mm, and the thrust of the pressing oil cylinder is 800T, the length, width and height of the pressed bricks are 200mm × 100mm × 30mm, the average weight of the bricks is 1.06Kg, the calculated density is about 1.76g/cm3, the density is about 2.2 times of the original density, the volume is about 42% of the original density, and the volume of the single block is reduced by 58%.

In addition, in actual conditions, it is also measured that when there are 4 through lattices 341 of the female die 34, the length, width and height specification of each through lattice 341 is 500mm × 250mm × 250mm, and the thrust of the pressing oil cylinder is 800T, the length, width and height dimensions of the pressed brick are 500mm × 250mm × 125mm, the average weight of the brick is 26.931kg, the calculated density is about 1.72g/cm3, the density is about 2.15 times of the original density, the volume is about 50% of the original volume, and the volume of the single block is reduced by 50%.

Referring to fig. 4, the palletizing system 4 includes a temporary storage table 41, a tray 42 disposed on the temporary storage table 41, a rotating device 43 disposed below the temporary storage table 41 for rotating the tray 42, and a robot arm 44 for grasping bricks on the table 31 above the tray 42 and palletizing the same. When the robotic arm 44 grabs a brick onto the tray 42 and lays a full course, the rotating device 43 drives the tray 42 to rotate ninety degrees and the robotic arm 44 continues to lay bricks further up. In this example, with a brick size of 500mm x 250mm x 125mm, each course is 2 x 4 blocks each, and a total of 8 courses are stacked, so that the volume of the brick pile is just 1m 3. Through the rotation, the fragment of brick on adjacent brick layer is crisscross each other, relies on self weight to provide sufficient frictional force to realize the holistic fixed of brick pillar. Compared with the brick specification of 200mm 100mm 30mm, the number of bricks in each layer is less, the number of stacked layers is less, and the brick pile is not easy to shake during transportation to cause frame scattering.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the packing system 5 includes a transfer rail 51 provided on the staging platform 41, and further includes a packing device 52 and a turning device 53 provided on the transfer rail 51 in sequence. The tray 42 is located on a transfer rail 51, and the transfer rail 51 transfers the tray 42 to the nesting device 52 each time palletizing is completed.

Referring to fig. 5, the encasement apparatus 52 comprises an alignment mechanism 521 for pushing and aligning the encasement bag 5214 over the brick pile, and a pulling mechanism 522 for grabbing the lower edge of the encasement bag 5214 and pulling downward to nest on the brick pile, in this embodiment, the encasement bag 5214 can be a packing net or ton bag. The aligning mechanism 521 includes a placing frame 5211 disposed on one side of the conveying rail 51, a placing cylinder 5212 disposed on the placing frame, and a supporting plate 5213 connected to the placing cylinder 5212, wherein the supporting plate 5213 is used for placing the stacked bags 5214, and a piston rod of the pushing cylinder and the supporting plate 5213 are both horizontally disposed. The pulling mechanism 522 includes a support frame 5221 disposed on both sides of the transfer rail 51, a vertical push-pull cylinder 5222 disposed on the support frame 5221, a horizontal push-pull cylinder 5223 connected to a piston rod of the vertical pull cylinder, and a catching member 5224 disposed on the horizontal pull cylinder. When the pallet 42 moves along the transfer rails 51 between the support shelves 5221, the transfer rails stop transferring the pallet 42, and the placing cylinder 5212 pushes the pallets 5213 to move above the brick pile and align the pockets 5214 on the pallets 5213 with the brick pile. The vertical push-pull cylinder 5222 adjusts the horizontal height of the horizontal push-pull cylinder 5223 and the grasping member 5224 to be level with the lower edge of the cap bag 5214. The horizontal push-pull cylinder 5223 pushes the grabbing piece 5224 to move towards the bagging 5214, the grabbing piece 5224 can be a hook claw or a clamp or other device capable of being fixed with the lower edge of the bagging 5214, and when the horizontal push-pull cylinder 5223 pushes the grabbing piece 5224 to enter the meshes of the lower edge of the packaging net or hook the lower edge of the ton bag, the vertical push-pull cylinder 5222 pushes the horizontal push-pull cylinder 5223 to move downwards, so that the bagging 5214 is sleeved outside the brick pile.

Referring to fig. 6, the turnover device 53 includes a turnover machine 531 provided at the end of the conveying rail 51, and a pushing mechanism 532 for pushing the brick pile moved to the end of the conveying rail 51 into the turnover machine 531, and the pushing mechanism 532 includes a sliding table 5321 provided below the conveying rail 51, a pushing arm 5322 rotatably connected to the sliding table 5321, a rotating cylinder (not shown in the drawing) for controlling the pushing arm 5322 to rotate upward to enter the conveying rail 51, and a horizontal pushing cylinder (not shown in the drawing) for pushing the sliding table 5321 to move toward the turnover machine 531. When the bagging of the bags 5214 out of the stack is complete, the transfer rails 51 continue to drive the stack until the stack moves to the end of the transfer rails 51. The rotating cylinder controls the pushing arm 5322 to rotate upwards until the pushing arm 5322 is horizontal, and the pushing arm 5322 is flush with the tray 42. The horizontal pushing cylinder pushes the sliding table 5321 to move towards the brick pile, and the pushing arm 5322 abuts against the tray 42 and pushes the tray 42 to move towards the turnover machine 531 until the brick pile and the tray 42 enter an inner cavity of the turnover machine 531. The size of the stacks and trays 42 are adapted to the inner cavity of the tilter 531, and when a stack and tray 42 enters the inner cavity of the tilter 531, the tilter 531 tilts the stack and tray 42 up and down so that the tray 42 is placed on top and the bottom of the stack is held by the pocket 5214 for subsequent clamping of the tray 42 and lifting of the stack away by the pocket 5214.

Analyzing the engineering cost and economic benefit:

the density of the pressed fly ash brick can be increased to more than 1.7g/cm3, and the volume can be compressed by at least more than 50%. The density of the stabilized fly ash is about 0.8g/cm3 calculated by checking the volume of a landfill site with 200000m3, and the bulk density of the compacted fly ash entering the landfill site is about 1.1g/cm3, namely the landfill site with 200000m3 can have the filling weight of 220000 tons.

The density of the pressed fly ash is calculated according to the lowest 1.7g/cm3, and the fly ash can not be completely filled and compacted in the landfill process due to irregular shape of the landfill site, so that the fly ash needs to be used for secondary filling, and the fly ash can also be used for filling.

The gaps of the brick piles are filled with scattered ash, the gap volume accounts for about 1/10 and about 20000m3 of the total volume, the density of the scattered ash is calculated as 0.8t/m3, and the scattered ash can be filled with flying ash about 20000 multiplied by 0.8=16000 t.

The remaining volume is about 180000m3, and the brick can be filled with pressed fly ash bricks according to 1.7t/m3 and can be filled with about 180000 multiplied by 1.7=306000 t. Total landfill weight: 16000+306000=322000 t.

The weight can be increased by filling: 322000 and 220000=102000 t.

According to the landfill price of the fly ash in the market of 3000 yuan/ton, the theoretical productive value can be increased: 102000X 3000=30600 ten thousand yuan (3.06 yi yuan)

The fly ash volume reduction cost is approximately accounted for:

equipment purchase cost: the cost per set (capacity 80 tons/shift) is reduced by 10 years, the operation is carried out for 330 days per year, and the ton cost is 18.9 yuan;

power consumption: the total power is about 200KW, the single shift is 8 hours, 200 multiplied by 8=1600 yuan, and the ton cost is 20 yuan;

personnel configuration: 5 people, the per capita wage is 200 yuan/day, 200 multiplied by 5=1000, and the ton cost is 12.5 yuan;

consumable material: about 30 tons of water per class, about 4 yuan of water per ton of water, 50 liters of diesel oil per day and about 6 yuan of diesel oil per liter, wherein the total consumable cost per day is 420 yuan, and the ton cost is 5.25 yuan;

tool (including tool car) cost: 6 thousands of forklifts and 20 thousands of forklifts, which are depreciated in 5 years, and the ton cost is about 2 yuan;

annual equipment maintenance cost: about 15 ten thousand yuan, and the ton cost is 5.7 yuan;

annual management fee: about 15 ten thousand yuan, and the ton cost is 5.7 yuan;

total ton cost: 18.9+20+12.5+5.25+2+5.7+5.7=70.05 yuan/ton;

the manufacturing cost of the fly ash brick of the landfill site is as follows: 306000 ton x70.05 yuan/ton =2143.53 ten thousand yuan (0.214353 hundred million yuan)

Theoretical profit: 3.06-0.214353=2.845647 billion yuan.

In conclusion, after the fly ash is subjected to brickmaking, the capacity of a landfill can be increased by 1/3 (about 10.2 million tons of more landfill), and the theoretical profit is 2.845647 million yuan.

Economic analysis of fly ash stabilization:

after the stable fly ash is subjected to high-pressure pressing, the leaching of heavy metals is reduced by about 30 percent, namely, after the fly ash with less 30 percent of medicament is subjected to high-pressure pressing in the fly ash stabilizing process, the leaching of the heavy metals is the same as that of the fly ash with 100 percent of medicament for stabilization, namely, 30 percent of medicament can be added into the fly ash for brickmaking;

the fly ash used for brick making can be reduced by about 30& lt/EN & gt, namely, the added amount of the agent is only 2% of the weight of the fly ash and is saved by 1%.

Calculated on 306000 tons of fly ash, the medicament can be saved: 306000 × 1% =3060 tons.

According to the medicament market price of 10000 yuan/ton, the cost can be saved: 3060 x 10000 yuan/ton =3060 ten thousand yuan =0.306 hundred million yuan.

To sum up, theoretical economic benefits can be generated: 2.845647+0.306=3.151647 billion.

Bagging 5214 economic analysis:

the market price of the ton bag is 30-100 yuan, and the lowest value is 30 yuan.

The market price of the packing net made of the packing belt is 3-10 yuan, and the highest value is 10 yuan.

From the above, the volume of bricks in a landfill is about 180000m3, that is, 180000 square bricks, and if a packaging net is used instead of ton bags, the cost can be saved by 180000 × (30-10) =360 ten thousand.

The embodiment also discloses a working method of the production line for reducing the volume of the fly ash, which comprises the following steps:

a feeding step: conveying the stabilized fly ash into a push frame 231, pushing the push frame 231 to the top of the female die 34 to enable the push frame 231 to be in butt joint with the top surface of the female die 34, enabling the stabilized fly ash to fall into the female die 34, and breaking the arch of the stabilized fly ash in the process;

a compression step: driving the male die 33 to press into the through grids 341 of the female die 34 from top to bottom, and extruding the stabilized fly ash in the through grids 341 into bricks;

demoulding: moving the female mould 34 upwards so that the cell walls of the through cells 341 slide relative to the brick; moving the male die 33 upwardly to move the compact 332 away from the top of the brick; moving the female mould 34 upwards so that the cell walls of the through cells 341 are disengaged from the brick;

stacking: clamping the bricks onto a tray 42 of a temporary storage table 41 from an outgoing workbench 31, stacking the bricks layer by layer, and stacking the bricks into a pile in a mode of crossing upper and lower layers by 90 degrees;

packaging: a transfer pallet 42 for transferring the cap bag 5214 to the brick pile from the top down; turning over the tray 42 and the brick pile to place the brick pile in the bag 5214; the tray 42 is removed and the pocket 5214 is lifted off the transfer rail 51.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The forming system for reducing the volume of the fly ash is characterized by comprising a workbench (31), a female die (34) arranged on the workbench (31), a driving device for driving the female die (34) to ascend and descend on the workbench (31), a male die (33) arranged above the female die (34) and a pressing device for driving the male die (33) to ascend and descend on the workbench (31), wherein the female die (34) comprises a plurality of grids (341) for containing stabilized fly ash, the male die (33) comprises a plurality of pressing blocks (332) corresponding to and matched with the grids (341), and the pressing device pushes or lifts the pressing blocks (332) to enable the pressing blocks (332) to be embedded into or separated from the grids (341).

2. The molding system for fly ash volume reduction according to claim 1, wherein the length and width dimension of the pass lattice (341) is 500mm x 250 mm.

3. A production line for fly ash volume reduction, comprising a forming system (3) according to claim 1, further comprising a stabilizing system (1) for mixing the chelating agent and the fly ash uniformly in proportion, a feeding system (2) for conveying the stabilized fly ash in the stabilizing system (1) to the forming system (3), and a palletizing system (4) for palletizing bricks into a pile.

4. A production line for fly ash volume reduction according to claim 3, wherein the stabilization system (1) comprises a weighing device (11) for quantitatively outputting fly ash, a blending device (12) for blending chelating agent concentration and quantitatively outputting, and a stirring device (13) connected to the weighing device (11) and the blending device (12), wherein the stirring device (13) stirs fly ash and chelating agent to form stabilized fly ash with viscosity.

5. A production line for fly ash volume reduction according to claim 3, wherein the feeding system (2) comprises a temporary storage silo (22) connected to the stirring device (13), and a feeding device (23) connected to the bottom of the temporary storage silo (22), the feeding device (23) intermittently pushing the stabilized fly ash in the temporary storage silo (22) above the cavity block (34).

6. A production line for fly ash volume reduction according to claim 3, wherein the palletizing system (4) comprises a staging table (41), a tray (42) arranged on the staging table (41), a rotating device (43) for rotating the tray (42), and a robot arm (44) for grabbing and palletizing bricks on the table (31) onto the tray (42).

7. The production line for fly ash volume reduction according to claim 3, further comprising a packing system (5), wherein the packing system (5) comprises a conveying track (51) arranged on the temporary storage table (41), and further comprises a sleeving device (52) and a turnover device (53) which are sequentially arranged on the conveying track (51), the sleeving device (52) comprises an aligning mechanism (521) for pushing and aligning the bags (5214) above the brick pile, and a pulling mechanism (522) for grabbing the lower edge of the bags (5214) and pulling the lower edge downwards to be sleeved on the brick pile, and the turnover machine (531) mechanism comprises a turnover machine (531) arranged at the end of the conveying track (51), and a pushing mechanism (532) for pushing the brick pile moved to the end of the conveying track (51) into the turnover machine (531).

8. A method of operating a production line for fly ash volume reduction, comprising:

a feeding step: conveying the stabilized fly ash into a push frame (231), pushing the push frame (231) to the top of a female die (34) to enable the push frame (231) to be in butt joint with the top surface of the female die (34), enabling the stabilized fly ash to fall into the female die (34), and breaking the arch of the stabilized fly ash in the process; the size of the bottom surface of the push frame (231) is matched with that of the top surface of the female die (34), and the female die (34) comprises a plurality of through grids (341) which are distributed in an array and used for containing stabilized fly ash;

a compression step: driving a male die (33) to press into a through grid (341) of a female die (34) from top to bottom, and extruding the stabilized fly ash in the through grid (341) into bricks; wherein, the male die (33) comprises a plurality of pressing blocks (332) which correspond to and are matched with the through grids (341) of the female die (34);

demoulding: moving the female die (34) upwards to enable the cell walls of the through cells (341) to slide relative to the bricks; moving the male die (33) upwardly to move the compact (332) away from the top of the brick; moving the female mould (34) upwards so that the cell walls of the through cells (341) disengage from the brick;

stacking: the bricks are clamped on a tray (42) of a temporary storage table (41) from a work table (31) and stacked layer by layer, and the bricks are stacked in a mode of crossing 90 degrees at upper and lower layers;

packaging: a conveying tray (42) and a brick pile, wherein the sleeve bags (5214) are sleeved on the brick pile from top to bottom in the conveying process; turning over the tray (42) and the piled bricks to enable the piled bricks to be contained in the covering bag (5214); the tray (42) is removed and the pocket (5214) is lifted off the transfer track (51).