CN111789803A - Method for improving tyrosinase inhibition effect of asparagus polyphenol through hydrothermal treatment - Google Patents
Method for improving tyrosinase inhibition effect of asparagus polyphenol through hydrothermal treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111789803A CN111789803A CN202010883457.7A CN202010883457A CN111789803A CN 111789803 A CN111789803 A CN 111789803A CN 202010883457 A CN202010883457 A CN 202010883457A CN 111789803 A CN111789803 A CN 111789803A
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- asparagus
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- tyrosinase
- polyphenol
- polyphenol extract
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- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
- A61K8/9783—Angiosperms [Magnoliophyta]
- A61K8/9794—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/02—Preparations for care of the skin for chemically bleaching or whitening the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/74—Biological properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/78—Enzyme modulators, e.g. Enzyme agonists
- A61K2800/782—Enzyme inhibitors; Enzyme antagonists
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/805—Corresponding aspects not provided for by any of codes A61K2800/81 - A61K2800/95
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/84—Products or compounds obtained by lyophilisation, freeze-drying
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the inhibition effect of asparagus polyphenol on tyrosinase by hydrothermal treatment, and belongs to the technical field of deep processing of fruits and vegetables. The method takes new asparagus as a raw material, and measures the generation amount of extracellular tyrosinase and B16F10 intracellular melanin and the inhibition effect change of intracellular tyrosinase activity of a sample before and after hydrothermal treatment by drying, extracting, freeze-drying and hydrothermal treatment and a spectrophotometry. The hydrothermal treatment can enhance the inhibition effect of the asparagus polyphenol extract on tyrosinase, and effectively inhibit the generation amount of melanin in cells and the activity of the tyrosinase.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving the inhibition effect of asparagus polyphenol on tyrosinase by hydrothermal treatment, belonging to the technical field of deep processing of fruits and vegetables.
Background
Tyrosinase (ec1.14.18.1), also known as polyphenol oxidase, contains copper atoms in its active center, is widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, animals, microorganisms and human bodies, and is a key rate-limiting enzyme in melanin production. Tyrosinase activity includes monophenolase activity with tyrosine as a substrate and diphenolase activity with levodopa as a substrate. In the food field, browning of fruits and vegetables caused by tyrosinase can destroy the sensory quality of the fruits and vegetables, even cause the loss of nutritional value, and reduce the commercial value of the processing process. Although the synthetic inhibitors such as kojic acid and arbutin have obvious inhibiting effect, the application of the synthetic inhibitors is limited due to strong side effect. Therefore, natural active ingredients extracted from plants in recent years are receiving attention because of their remarkable effects, safety and non-toxicity.
Asparagus (Asparagus of fiscinalis L.) is a perennial herb of Asparagus of Liliaceae, and its edible part is tender stem. Asparagus contains abundant phenolic substances (quercetin, gallic acid, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, coumaric acid, kaempferol, isorhamnetin derivatives, etc.). Although rutin, quercetin, citron, kaempferide and other natural flavonoids have an inhibitory effect on tyrosinase, many natural polyphenols have limited their application because their absorption is poor and thus their inhibitory effect is not significant. The existing research on the inhibition effect of tyrosinase mainly focuses on the inhibition of a single active ingredient on the activity of the tyrosinase, wherein a chemically synthesized compound has strong toxic and side effects, and the inhibition effect of a natural ingredient is not obvious enough.
Esterification of natural ingredients is an effective method for enhancing penetration and utilization of polyphenol precursors, thereby enhancing the inhibition of tyrosinase. The hydrothermal treatment is one of the necessary conditions for the esterification reaction, and the hydrothermal treatment is a popular and widely used processing mode due to the characteristics of simple and economical operation, no toxicity, environmental protection, safety and the like. At present, the application of hydrothermal treatment in the field of fruits and vegetables mainly focuses on increasing the solubility of certain functional high molecular compounds and enhancing the oxidation resistance of dietary fibers. However, no method for improving the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of asparagus polyphenol through hydrothermal treatment exists.
Disclosure of Invention
[ problem ] to
Polyphenol, a natural active ingredient extracted from plants, is of great interest because of its remarkable action effect, safety and non-toxicity, but its inhibitory effect is not sufficiently remarkable due to poor absorption of natural ingredients.
[ solution ]
Aiming at the problems, the invention takes fresh asparagus as a raw material, and improves the inhibition effect of the asparagus on tyrosinase by methods of drying, extracting, drying and hydro-thermal treatment.
The invention provides a method for improving the inhibition effect of asparagus polyphenol on tyrosinase through hydrothermal treatment, which effectively improves the inhibition effect of an asparagus polyphenol extract on tyrosinase, and comprises the following steps:
(1) drying fresh asparagus and grinding;
(2) extracting asparagus polyphenol: extracting the asparagus powder in the step (1) by using an extraction solvent to obtain an asparagus polyphenol extract;
(3) drying of asparagus polyphenol extract: freeze drying and dehydrating the asparagus polyphenol extract obtained in the step (2);
(4) hydrothermal treatment: and (4) preparing the polyphenol extract in the step (3) into a solution, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 100-130 ℃ for 30-80min to obtain the asparagus polyphenol extract capable of improving the inhibition effect on tyrosinase after the reaction is finished.
In one embodiment of the invention, the drying mode adopted by the fresh asparagus in the step (1) is vacuum drying, the drying temperature of the vacuum drying is 50-60 ℃, the drying time is 8-10h, and the vacuum degree is-0.068-0.095 Mpa.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fresh asparagus in step (1) is dried and then ground into powder of 50-200 mesh.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the extraction solvent in step (2) is an ethanol solution, and the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 50% to 90%.
In one embodiment of the invention, the extraction temperature in the step (2) is 50-80 ℃, the extraction time is 30-50min each time, the extraction step is repeated, and the extraction of the asparagus powder is repeated for 3-5 times.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the conditions for freeze-drying the asparagus polyphenol extract in step (3) are as follows: drying at-50-60 deg.C for 48-72 hr under vacuum degree of 0.01-0.03 mbar.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the asparagus polyphenol extract in step (4) is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 10-40mg/mL by using an ethanol solution with a volume fraction of 50-90%.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrothermal treatment condition refers to heating at 130 ℃ for 80min by a high temperature reaction kettle.
The invention provides an asparagus polyphenol extract obtained by the treatment of the method.
The invention provides an application of the asparagus polyphenol extract in inhibiting browning of fruits.
The invention provides application of the asparagus polyphenol extract in skin care products or cosmetics.
[ advantageous effects ]:
(1) the invention takes fresh asparagus as raw material, and leads the tyrosinase inhibition rate of the asparagus polyphenol extract to be improved by 44 percent through the steps of vacuum drying, grinding, extracting, freeze drying, hydrothermal treatment and the like.
(2) When the concentration of the asparagus polyphenol extract is 100 mug/mL, the method can reduce the generation amount of melanin in melanoma cells of a B16F10 mouse by 95 percent and reduce the activity of tyrosinase in the cells by 20 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a physical diagram showing the melanin content in B16F10 cells after different treatments, wherein ASE represents the unheated asparagus polyphenol extract in example 1, and ASEH represents the hydrothermal-treated asparagus polyphenol extract in example 1.
Detailed Description
Tyrosinase (EC1.14.18.1,128 KDa): purchased from Shanghai-derived leaf Biotech, Inc.
B16F10 cells: the fourth generation of melanoma cells were cryopreserved from mouse, Shanghai Biotech, Inc.
1. Method for determining extracellular tyrosinase: taking 2.8mL of 2.5mM L-dopa solution as a substrate, taking 100 μ L of asparagus polyphenol extract, adding 100 μ L of 0.2mg/mL tyrosinase solution, incubating at 30 ℃ for 15min, and measuring the change of the absorbance value at 475nm, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
tyrosinase relative activity ═ B2-B1)/(A2-A1)×100％
A1And A2Denotes the absorbance values of the blank at 0min and 15min, B1And B2The absorbance values of the samples at 0min and 15min are shown.
A method for measuring the amount of melanin production in B16F10 cells, comprising: well-grown log phase cells were digested: counting with a blood cell counting plate, adjusting the cell density to 2X 104And inoculating each cell/mL into a 6-well culture plate, placing each cell in 2mL of carbon dioxide culture box, culturing overnight, removing supernatant, washing with Phosphate Buffer Solution (PBS) for 1 time, adding 2mL of DMEM culture solution containing the test substance with different concentrations into each well, repeating each well with 3 concentrations, replacing blank groups with no medicine with an equal amount of DMEM fresh culture solution, and placing in the carbon dioxide culture box for continuous culture. After 72h of culture, discarding the supernatant, washing with PBS, digesting with trypsin, collecting the cells in a centrifuge tube, centrifuging at 1500r/min for 10min, discarding the supernatant, adding 1mL of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide containing 10% DMSO, incubating at 80 ℃ for 1h, transferring into a 96-well culture plate, measuring the absorbance of each well with a microplate reader at 490nm, and calculating the melanin content in the cells according to the following formula:
melanin content ═ A3/A4×100％
A3And A4The absorbance values of the test and blank wells are indicated separately.
A method for determining the activity of B16F10 intracellular tyrosinase: adjusting the cell suspension density to 2X 104Each/mL well was plated in a 96 well plate at 100. mu.L per well. Changing the culture solution after 24h, changing the culture solution containing asparagus polyphenol extract with different concentrations, and arranging 8 multiple holes. The control group replaced the culture solution added with asparagus polyphenol extract with complete culture solution. 37 ℃ and 5% CO2Incubating for 24 hr, sucking out culture medium containing drug from each well, washing cells with PBS, adding 1mL PBS containing 1% polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether (Triton X-100) into each well, standing at-80 deg.C for 30min, dissolving at room temperature for 50min, freeze thawing for two timesNext, the process is carried out. After the second cell lysis, each well of the solution was aspirated into a 2mL centrifuge tube, 0.5mL of 0.2% L-dopa in PBS was added to each tube, incubated at 37 ℃ for 2h, and then absorbance was measured at 490nm using an microplate reader.
Intracellular tyrosinase relative activity ═ a5/A6×100％
A5And A6The absorbance values of the test and blank wells are indicated separately.
[ example 1 ]
Cleaning fresh asparagus, slicing, placing in a vacuum drying oven, adjusting the temperature of the vacuum drying oven to 70 ℃, controlling the vacuum degree to-0.098 MPa, dehydrating and drying for 7.5h, taking out and grinding to 100 meshes, weighing 1g of asparagus powder, placing in a beaker, adding 40.0mL of 70% ethanol with volume fraction according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1:40(m/V), extracting for 40min, and repeatedly adding ethanol to extract the asparagus powder for 4 times in total according to the extraction conditions. Mixing the extractive solutions, freeze drying, adding 70% ethanol by volume fraction, and concocting to give polyphenol extract solution with concentration of 20 mg/mL. Taking a half volume of polyphenol extract solution, and placing the solution into a high-temperature reaction kettle for hydrothermal treatment, wherein the hydrothermal treatment temperature is 130 ℃, and the treatment time is 80 min. The remaining polyphenol extract solution was not subjected to hydrothermal treatment and used as a control.
The polyphenol extract solution after the hydrothermal treatment and the polyphenol extract solution without the hydrothermal treatment are respectively diluted into different concentrations (25 mug/mL, 50 mug/mL, 100 mug/mL, 150 mug/mL and 200 mug/mL), and the inhibition effect of the polyphenol extract solution on extracellular tyrosinase, the generation amount of intracellular melanin and the activity of intracellular tyrosinase is measured by a spectrophotometric method, and the measuring method is as described above. The determination results are shown in table 1, and it can be seen from the data in table 1 that the heat treatment condition of 80min at 130 ℃ can obviously enhance the inhibition effect of the sample on extracellular tyrosinase, the amount of melanin produced in cells and the tyrosinase activity; and the enhancement is more pronounced as the concentration of the sample increases. FIG. 1 is a photograph of melanin content in B16F10 cells after different treatments, wherein ASE represents unheated asparagus polyphenol extract and ASEH represents hydrothermal treated asparagus polyphenol extract. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the culture medium treated with the unheated asparagus extract is darker, while the culture medium treated with the heated asparagus extract is lighter and lighter in color at higher concentrations.
Table 1 shows the effect of different concentrations of inhibitor after heat treatment at 130 ℃ for 80min
[ example 2 ]
Cleaning fresh asparagus, slicing, placing in a vacuum drying oven, adjusting the temperature of the vacuum drying oven to 70 ℃, controlling the vacuum degree to-0.098 MPa, dehydrating and drying for 7.5h, taking out and grinding to 100 meshes, weighing 1g of asparagus powder, placing in a beaker, adding 40.0mL of 70% ethanol with volume fraction according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1:40(m/V), extracting for 40min, and repeatedly adding ethanol to extract the asparagus powder for 4 times in total according to the extraction conditions. Mixing the extractive solutions, freeze drying, adding 70% ethanol to obtain a solution with a concentration of 20mg/mL, and hydrothermal treating at 110 deg.C for 80min in a high temperature reaction kettle.
The solution after the hydrothermal treatment is diluted to different concentrations (25 mug/mL, 50 mug/mL, 100 mug/mL, 150 mug/mL and 200 mug/mL) and the inhibition effect of the solution on extracellular tyrosinase, the generation amount of melanin in cells and the tyrosinase activity is measured by a spectrophotometric method, and the measuring method is as described above. The results of the measurement are shown in Table 2, and it can be seen from the data in Table 2 that the heat treatment conditions of 110 ℃ and 80min enhanced the inhibition effect of the sample on extracellular tyrosinase, the amount of intracellular melanin production, and the tyrosinase activity to some extent. The hydrothermal treatment temperature was reduced to 110 c compared to example 1, which still enhanced the tyrosinase inhibition effect of the samples, but the enhancement effect was not as good as in example 1.
Table 2 shows the effect of different concentrations of inhibitors after heat treatment at 110 ℃ for 80min
[ example 3 ]
Cleaning fresh asparagus, slicing, placing in a vacuum drying oven, adjusting the temperature of the vacuum drying oven to 70 ℃, controlling the vacuum degree to-0.098 MPa, dehydrating and drying for 7.5h, taking out and grinding to 100 meshes, weighing 1g of asparagus powder, placing in a beaker, adding 40.0mL of 70% ethanol with volume fraction according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1:40(m/V), extracting for 40min, and repeatedly adding ethanol to extract the asparagus powder for 4 times in total according to the extraction conditions. Mixing the extractive solutions, freeze drying, adding 70% ethanol to obtain a solution with a concentration of 20mg/mL, and hydrothermal treating at 130 deg.C for 30min in a high temperature reaction kettle.
The solution after the hydrothermal treatment is diluted to different concentrations (25 mug/mL, 50 mug/mL, 100 mug/mL, 150 mug/mL and 200 mug/mL) and the inhibition effect on extracellular tyrosinase, the generation amount of melanin in cells and the tyrosinase activity is measured by a spectrophotometric method, and the measuring method is as described above. The results of the measurement are shown in Table 3, and it can be seen from the data in Table 3 that the heat treatment condition of 30min at 130 ℃ enhances the inhibition effect of the sample on extracellular tyrosinase, the amount of melanin produced in the cell, and the tyrosinase activity to some extent. Compared with example 1, the hydrothermal treatment time is shortened to 30min, and the hydrothermal treatment still enhances the inhibition effect of the sample on tyrosinase, but the enhancement effect is not as good as that of the condition in example 1. The effect of the hydrothermal treatment is more significantly influenced by the heating time than the heating temperature than in examples 1 and 2.
Table 3 shows the effect of different concentrations of inhibitors after heat treatment at 130 ℃ for 30min
[ example 4 ]
Cleaning fresh asparagus, slicing, placing in a vacuum drying oven, adjusting the temperature of the vacuum drying oven to 70 ℃, controlling the vacuum degree to-0.098 MPa, dehydrating and drying for 7.5h, taking out and grinding to 100 meshes, weighing 1g of asparagus powder, placing in a beaker, adding 40.0mL of 70% ethanol with volume fraction according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1:40(m/V), extracting for 40min, and repeatedly adding ethanol to extract the asparagus powder for 4 times in total according to the extraction conditions. Mixing the extractive solutions, freeze drying, adding 30% ethanol, and making into polyphenol extract solution with concentration of 20mg/mL, and hydrothermal treating at 130 deg.C for 80 min.
The solution after the hydrothermal treatment is diluted to different concentrations (25 mug/mL, 50 mug/mL, 100 mug/mL, 150 mug/mL and 200 mug/mL) and the inhibition effect on extracellular tyrosinase, the generation amount of melanin in cells and the tyrosinase activity is measured by a spectrophotometric method, and the measuring method is as described above. The results of the assay are shown in table 4, and it can be seen from the data in table 4 that the reduced ethanol concentration reduces the tyrosinase inhibitory effect of the asparagus polyphenol extract compared to example 1.
Table 4 shows the effect of different concentrations of inhibitors prepared with 30% by volume ethanol after heat treatment at 130 ℃ for 80min
[ example 5 ]
Cleaning fresh asparagus, slicing, placing in a vacuum drying oven, adjusting the temperature of the vacuum drying oven to 70 ℃, controlling the vacuum degree to-0.098 MPa, dehydrating and drying for 7.5h, taking out and grinding to 100 meshes, weighing 1g of asparagus powder, placing in a beaker, adding 40.0mL of 70% ethanol with volume fraction according to the feed-liquid ratio of 1:40(m/V), extracting for 40min, and repeatedly adding ethanol to extract the asparagus powder for 4 times in total according to the extraction conditions. Mixing the extractive solutions, freeze drying, adding 90% ethanol by volume fraction, and concocting into polyphenol extract solution with concentration of 20mg/mL, and placing the polyphenol extract solution into high temperature reaction kettle for hydrothermal treatment at 130 deg.C for 80 min.
The solution after the hydrothermal treatment is diluted to different concentrations (25 mug/mL, 50 mug/mL, 100 mug/mL, 150 mug/mL and 200 mug/mL) and the inhibition effect on extracellular tyrosinase, the generation amount of melanin in cells and the tyrosinase activity is measured by a spectrophotometric method, and the measuring method is as described above. The results of the assay are shown in table 5, and it can be seen from the data in table 5 that the too high concentration of ethanol did not significantly increase the tyrosinase inhibitory effect of the asparagus extract compared to example 1.
Table 5 shows the effect of inhibitors of different concentrations prepared with 90% by volume ethanol after heat treatment at 130 ℃ for 80min
Comparative example 1
The polyphenol extract solution subjected to hydrothermal treatment in example 1 was diluted to different concentrations (50. mu.g/mL, 100. mu.g/mL, 150. mu.g/mL, 200. mu.g/mL), respectively; the polyphenol extract solution without hydrothermal treatment was also diluted to different concentrations (25. mu.g/mL, 50. mu.g/mL, 100. mu.g/mL, 150. mu.g/mL, 200. mu.g/mL), respectively; intracellular melanin was treated with each of these solutions. The specific method comprises the following steps: counting with a blood cell counting plate, adjusting the cell density to 2X 104Inoculating each cell/mL into 6-well culture plate, culturing in carbon dioxide incubator overnight, discarding supernatant, washing with Phosphate Buffer Solution (PBS) for 1 time, adding 2mL of fresh DMEM culture solution containing different concentrations of test substance into each well, culturing for 72 hr, and measuring melanin content
A blank group is arranged, a kojic acid group is arranged, and 200 mug/mL of kojic acid is added into the kojic acid group, as can be seen from figure 1, the culture medium of the blank group is dark, and compared with example 1, the effect of the heated asparagus extract on inhibiting melanin in cells is equivalent to that of the kojic acid.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving the inhibition effect of asparagus polyphenol on tyrosinase by hydrothermal treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) drying fresh Germinatus Phragmitis, and grinding into powder;
(2) extracting asparagus polyphenol: extracting the asparagus powder obtained in the step (1) by using an extraction solvent to obtain an asparagus polyphenol extract;
(3) drying of asparagus polyphenol extract: freeze drying and dehydrating the asparagus polyphenol extract obtained in the step (2);
(4) hydrothermal treatment: and (4) preparing the asparagus polyphenol extract obtained in the step (3) into a solution, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 100-130 ℃ for 30-80min to obtain the asparagus polyphenol extract capable of improving the inhibition effect on tyrosinase after the reaction is finished.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying mode of fresh asparagus in step (1) is vacuum drying, wherein the drying temperature of vacuum drying is 50-60 ℃, the drying time is 8-10h, and the vacuum degree is-0.068-0.095 Mpa.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the extraction solvent in the step (2) is ethanol, and the volume concentration of the ethanol is 50-90%.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the extraction temperature in step (2) is 50-80 ℃, the extraction time is 30-50min each time, the extraction step is repeated, and the extraction of the asparagus powder is repeated 3-5 times.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conditions for freeze-drying the asparagus polyphenol extract in the step (3) are as follows: drying at-50-60 deg.C for 48-72 hr under vacuum degree of 0.01-0.03 mbar.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the asparagus polyphenol extract in step (4) is prepared into a solution with a concentration of 10-40mg/mL by using ethanol with a volume fraction of 50-90%.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal reaction is heating at 130 ℃ for 80 min.
8. An asparagus polyphenol extract obtained after treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Use of an asparagus polyphenol extract as claimed in claim 8 for inhibiting browning of fruit.
10. Use of asparagus polyphenol extract as claimed in claim 8 in skin care or cosmetic products.
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